سید محمدحسین حسینی

Democracy and elections are the mechanism for implementing the will of the nation to the government to govern the land. A political person as an election candidate is considered an important component and groundwork for the election process, in such a way that without a political actor, the voter cannot have an action/choice. The election campaign is the most strategic window for the elites to enter the micro and macro politics of the country, therefore, election candidates, especially representatives of the parliament, have seized the opportunity and are seeking to maintain their political position and gain political power by announcing their candidacy again in this arena. Fars province consists of diverse geographical spaces, of which the Mamasani and Rostam constituencies with the center of Nourabad Fars are among them, where few representatives have announced their withdrawal from participating in the next round of elections. Therefore, the question arises: what are the reasons for the multiple presence of candidates and representatives in the election campaign? Or what are the most important social benefits of candidacy in the Nourabad Fars election campaign? The research method is qualitative-analytical in nature, in such a way that the collection of information is based on what has been observed in the context of twelve election cycles and what argumentative analysis is. The results of the research show that the three identifiers of "fame", "power" and "wealth" are the most important "social benefits" of announcing candidacy in election campaigns, especially by the representatives of the Nourabad Fars era. Apart from these, the demonstration of the level of "efficiency" and "service" are also other identifiers that reinforce this issue.

Advertising is one of the key tools of candidates to present their programs and strategies in electoral competitions. Therefore, planning to carry out advertising in the best possible way is of interest to candidates and their think tanks. In this regard, the use of symbols and signs has a special application in the election campaigns of candidates and its expansion among their supporters. In the Mamasani and Rostam constituency, the movements of candidates are also of particular importance, and analyzing the discourse of these advertisements can reveal their hidden angles in creating electoral conflicts. On this basis, the discourse governing the attitude of each of them has been processed in order to carry out advertising in the second round of the Islamic Consultative Assembly elections. The following article, using the discourse analysis method in the five stages of "surface-surface", "surface-depth", "depth-surface", "deep" and "deeper", is based on the question of which discursive signifiers were the candidates' advertisements for the tenth term of the Islamic Consultative Assembly elections in the Mamasani and Rostam constituency based? The results of the research show that in the candidates' advertisements in this constituency, discursive signifiers such as local slogans, tribal-tribal symbols, creating excitement and feelings based on tribal structure in speechmaking and delivering speeches, which lead to mass mobilization, physical confrontation and conflict between them in the election campaign, played a prominent role.

Nourabad of Fars, like other geographical spaces, has been affected by geopolitical trends. This trend has affected it both on a neighboring and extraterritorial scale. In the meantime, the active actor of Iran could have greatly influenced this trend and emerged as a global player at least up to the border of the Arab countries of the Persian Gulf, and at most, as a global player. In general, these trends have affected the country of Iran and also on an internal scale, Nourabad of Fars, and suddenly, its elite human resources realized that they were not fluent in the first language of the world and were isolated and far from the global network. Along with the effective geopolitical trends, climate change and drought made this human (Iranian and Nourabad of Fars) vulnerable and made the conditions difficult and challenging for them. Geopolitical trends are those forces that are created by actors and affect national and intra-national spaces. Sometimes geopolitical trends cause development, in which case countries are guided by measured governance in the direction of the trends and are absorbed in them, but most often they cause underdevelopment because governance is against the trends or is in conflict with them. Therefore, it can be said that in parallel with inward-oriented statecraft, geopolitical trends have caused Iran's territorial isolation and backwardness from the communication network and integrated geographical scope.

Undoubtedly, to substantiate claims requires scholarly support. In fact, the lack of scientific support in the presentation of important religious content and viewpoints, while devaluing that attitude in the scientific community, will lose its reliability, and become harmful in a way. In the meantime, false claimants have tried to induce their claims to their audience by presenting deceptive documents. The resources used by this group were either authentic, but they were twisted or there was no means for the validity of that sources in acquiring religious knowledge from the beginning. By knowing the types of these sources, it is possible to obtain the correct and fundamental method in analyzing the claims of deviant movements, in a way that, the society can be protected from the tendency to deviations by teaching the identification of reliable sources and how to use them. In this paper, an attempt has been made to report the sources cited by the claimants in a "library" manner using a "descriptive" and in some cases "analytical" method. The result of the research indicates that the false claimants benefit from various sources, some of which are basically untrusted or from sources mixed with sectarian beliefs, and some of them somehow are authentic but the claimants abuse.

Election campaign is a political process that can include all strata, classes and geographical spaces with its own social and political circles. Considering the significant registration of candidates in the Islamic Council elections, the present research seeks to explain the factors affecting the plurality of election candidates and the opportunities, challenges, harms and consequences resulting from it in Mamsani and Rostam constituencies. The research method is descriptive-analytical in nature, and the method of gathering information is based on the observation of local and provincial news-analytical databases, the activity of virtual electoral groups (WhatsApp, Telegram, etc.) and field observations of different periods of the Islamic Council elections. It is in Mamsani and Rostam constituencies. TIn general, this conclusion has been reached that only the wide registration of candidates to gain fame and electoral coalition as a result of political/tribal (tribal) exchange cannot solve the problem of Mamsani and Rostam development. Therefore, it is necessary for the serious action of the candidates to prepare and present a development-oriented program in order to put these cities on the path of development.

Development means mental transformation (in the cultural and social structure), objective transformation (in the structure of economic geography) and acceleration of virtual communication space (in the structure of political culture) with regard to environmental considerations (sustainability of the future of humanity) and well-being (human welfare). Is. Considering that the use of different development patterns can bring different outcomes for a territory, the main research question is what are the most important damages caused by the proposed development patterns in Mamasani county and which of the recent patterns Can they lead to the optimal pattern of development in this county? The research method is descriptive-analytical in nature. The tool for collecting information is based on library sources and field observations. The results of the research showed that the six proposed development patterns in Mamasani county can be identified and diagnosed. The bureaucratic model is based on tribal bureaucracy, the charismatic model is based on tribal emotions, and the authoritarian modernization model is based on short-term physical transformations combined with ignoring civic indicators. Therefore, the output of the last three models cannot be the optimal model of Mamasani development. Despite this, the models of technocracy, democracy and elite, despite having their own harms, respectively by providing long-term economic/technical benefits, emphasizing political, social, civil, citizenship factors; and the specialization of the elites in affairs, they can better figure out the optimal model of development under the name of "elite techno democracy".

Political marketing includes an organizational unit for political communication or a set of processes of creating and establishing a relationship and providing value to the voters, which seeks to manage the relationship in a way that is beneficial for both the organization and the stakeholders. It is beneficial. Advertising as one of the effects of political marketing is to manipulate and pull public opinion towards a specific goal and opinion. Through such advertisements, election candidates try to increase their political weight, give spirit to the election campaign and strengthen their vote base. The main question of the research is, on what basis is the political marketing of the candidates of Mamsani and Rostam constituencies based? The research method has a descriptive-analytical nature and the data collection tool is based on field observation and statistics. The results of the research show that the political marketing of the candidates of Mamsani and Rostam constituencies was based on three identifiers: "election headquarters", "election campaigns" and "areas/residences". Therefore, regardless of the tribal voting pattern and the amount of material and financial expenses, the political marketing of candidates with different tactics has acted as a fundamental step towards their victory in the election campaign of the Islamic Council in Mamsani and Rostam constituencies.

Iran is a long standing land in political geography, long standing has created an ancient age for Iran which is called civilization. The land/sea civilization of Iran has been the geography of the connection of tribes, traders, politics, nomadic life and space, which has always drawn the space towards happiness and innovation until today, when Iran becomes developmentalist and technician-oriented. . The question of the article is, does the existence of such an ancient maritime land civilization indicate the way of development in this way, and the creation of such a touristic and music-oriented atmosphere can connect current Iran to the region and relatively to the world/west? So, according to the claim of this article, the touristic and music-loving marine civilization can establish the peaceful Iranian civilization. The text has a qualitative nature of analysis that follows the presentation of the geographic peace strategy. The strategy of marine civilization based on tourism and music, or rather "marine civilization of tourism and music" in this article, which is a strategy, is based on a concept called body geography, and other ideas, concepts, and necessary categories are given that have been found. are riding on it. After the theoretical foundations, the conclusions of the article are stated until the article is concluded.

Inside Iran, there are spaces that are full of energy places. There is no place in the space of a country without capabilities and potential, and the surface of the earth, like its interior, and the entire globe, are resources and sources of energy. Shiraz and the wide expanse of Fars have always been considered as a reminder of tourism and memorization, that's why in this article, a place from this vast field is mentioned, which is considered the geography of energy. Geography studies and examines energy sources and the process of evolution of geographical spaces. The study of the spectrum from space to the development of space is the responsibility of geographical sciences. Therefore, the observations show that Noorabad Fars, where the sun does not set in its vast land, has various geographical energy sources that can be a formula for wealth if properly managed in times of water scarcity, overcrowding, etc. The cultivation of human beings living in this space and the development of the social environment. The local governments of Noorabad, Fars, were not experts and professionals, and did not process energy and resources and protect the environment. However, the opportunity to rebuild is enough to preserve the capacities for future generations. The results of the research show that tourism attractions have made Noorabad, Fars, a geography of energy, among which 32 tourist places in the form of infrastructure and tourism reforms by the owners (rulers, brokers and people), the amount of tourists and investors. It attracts more foreigners on a provincial, national and even international scale, which provides economic growth and development and better living conditions for citizens.

The Twelver Shia’s theologians and Muḥaddithin (the scholars of Hadith) have considered miracles as one of the ways to distinguish between the true and false claimants, and this criterion has been used as a way of distinguishing for all divine men, including Prophets and Imams. This important issue played a very effective role during the time of the previous Prophets and became more important during the occultation of Imam Mahdi (pbuh). Because it is an efficient means in identifying the real universal promised one and distinguishing him from false claimants. According to this position, the contemporary false claimants of Mahdism, such as Bahaism, Ahmad Ismāˈil Baṣri and Mansour Hāshemi Khorāsani, have tried to deny the validity of miracles to recognize divine authority and to justify their lack of power over miracles. This research tries to investigate the aforementioned claims with the descriptive-analytical method and express its contradiction with the correct reading of religion. The above research aims to prove that the viewpoint of the aforementioned claimants, in addition to the contradiction in their speech and claims, is contrary to the verses of the Qur'an, Hadiths and reason, and that there is a misunderstanding of the verses about "negation of the miracle power of the past Prophets".

What is the election campaign and how does it acquire the nature of tourism and is it tourism itself is the question of the story of the current article? The election campaign is the shining arena of virtuous political people who respectfully gain power through political dynamics and are proud of the electoral behavior of their base. election behavior of any kind; If the author is released from prison, it will be sticky, civil and geographical. Political marketing is rooted in geographical differences, democracy, this is where the election campaign takes on the nature of tourism. The findings say that the only solution for world peace is tourism and music, in the case that tourism is becoming more important day by day and it even causes the formation of the metaphor of the geography of the body of the election campaign so that the body is a happy form. And it has been created and smooth in the idea of immortality and survival. Let it be said openly that this article says; Election campaign in democracies is tourism in the same way that in non-democracies it is participation and political work. According to a report, among 137 countries, according to six variables of GDP per capita, social support, healthy life expectancy, freedom to choose life, generosity, perception of corruption and "Dystopia", which is a measure for countries that are from the most to the least have the level of happiness, Finland is the happiest country in the world and Afghanistan is the unhappiest country in the world. Therefore, it can be said that the Finnish election campaign is tourism to Afghanistan, where non-participatory non-government and unacceptable political activities are held in the name of elections.

How to draw the vote towards the geography of support is the main issue of the election campaign, and the concern of the campaign strategists, the first-class advisers of the election candidates. The geography of the body means the integrated and functional environment of the body, so that every member/region affects the target society/voters and political power is gained. Before being portrayed through tools, candidates enrich the political elite because they are the main agents. Historically, until now in the developed societies of Switzerland, Finland, Norway, New Zealand, Australia, the Netherlands, parties' election campaigns, in European and / American democracies, the competition of wealthy political persons and purchasing tools in the form of participation, in Asian / African quasi-democracies. Local nationalism is the essence of election campaigns and political power is gained. Parties have an awareness aspect, individuals have a political aspect, nationalism has a historical/social aspect. Awareness has provided development, individuals, competition and nationalism have created pluralism for these geographical spaces. In terms of the development/theoretical/geographical process, the Michigan school of social psychology through party identity, the Columbia school of sociology theory through social construction, and the Rochester school of economic theory of democracy through optimal and profitable decision-making. It has been suggested that the environment itself is the individual and the heart of this individual/political person is the center of the election campaign. Each of the body's environments, having a member that has a special individual and social function, forms the content of headquarters and election campaigns. The question is what is the geography of the body and how it leads to the victory of the candidates in the election contests. The research method is qualitative and argumentative and inferential.

Social Cleavage is the criterion and indicator of dividing society members and its subgroups into different groups in different time and space intervals, which is formed in different ways based on social faults and affected by political developments in the election campaign. Various and numerous social divides are revealed in national and micro-scale geographical spaces such as Nourabad Fars, whose election contests are under the shadow of Illyrian and tribal contexts, between political actors and specifically election candidates. The political developments prevailing in each period (national and local level) and the presence of election candidates in various political spectrums have fueled the social divisions in this constituency and have led to the question, what are the types of social divisions in the election campaign? This question is based on the three identifiers of "typology", "essence" and "formulation" in such a way that the social Cleavages have been discovered, examined and explained on this basis. The current research has a qualitative/analytical nature and the data has been collected in the form of library/documents and based on quantitative statistics. Based on the findings, these results are obtained that the number of social Cleavages governing the different periods of parliamentary elections in Nourabad, Fars, is between a minimum of 4 and a maximum of 10 cleavage affected by election candidates in It has been fluctuating in such a way that with various types and different/diverse natures, the field of dense and intersecting social formations in the election campaigns.

A major part of human behavior is subject to their perception of their environment. Sharing the group's interests gives meaning to their social and political behavior. In the meantime, the tribe as a biological/cultural unit in which the interests of the group are expressed in a form that leads to tribal action and the members behave on the values related to the perception of the place. In the geography of elections, the tribalism observes the effect of locational elements on the preferences affecting the behavior of voters living in certain areas as a voting base. The current research is an applied one in nature. It is based on the assumption that in the tenth period of the Islamic Parliament elections, local/tribal tendencies were the most effective factor in creating the voting base of the candidates of Mamsani constituency. Voting base of candidates in this area was more than a function of democracy macro process; it has been reflected in the theme of kinship and in the form of reproduction of traditional tribal alliances. The data and findings required for the current research were collected by documentary method (books, publications and internet) and fieldwork (observation and interview). Data were analyzed by descriptive-analytical research method and using GIS and Excel software. The study has been done using the data taken from the statistics of the 10th period of the Islamic Council elections. The result of the research showed that the origin of hometown and tribal votes played an effective role in the electoral candidates of the 10th election cycle of Mamsani.

The foundations and cultural features of human societies change over time and space, and become specific to themselves in such a way that this set of beliefs and values affect the way of life of their inhabitants. Gachgaran is a biogeography that is located in the central part of Mamsani, and in the course of history, affected by various factors, it has enjoyed multiple dimensions and cultural strains. Is the creation of ancient culture and micro-culture in the habitat of plasterers and the transformation of these values and attitudes stemming from various and diverse factors and institutions that have caused the question in this research? The nature of the research required the researchers to choose the descriptive/analytical research method for how to do the work. Finally, the results of research and study in the style of library/documents (statistics and figures) and field (interview and observation) showed; Changing the attitude of the new generation, increasing the level of knowledge/awareness of the residents, civil/physical renovation, virtual space and social networks, are among the agents that cultural transformation in customs, mourning of the month of Muharram, religious beliefs, marriage and divorce, clothing, food , local games, nature-loving, tourism, educational/health/sports centers have caused the rural settlement of Gachgaran to the extent that it has resulted in the change of the form of this village towards cultural modernization.

Due to its special situation, the Caspian region has been influenced by the political action of coastal and extra-regional actors. The geopolitics of this region and its effective foundations mutually give direction and meaning to the behaviour of the actors. The entanglement of three categories - geography, politics and power and the resulting forms of behaviour have created the question of what effect do the geopolitical foundations of the Caspian legal regime have on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In addition, the impact of geopolitical factors has consequences for the Islamic Republic of Iran which has brought about this research and which is also the search for truth. The following text is of a descriptive/analytical nature and a documentary/library foundation with the theoretical application of foundations and geo-political factors. The output of the research shows that geopolitics and its foundations, while creating the behavioural pattern of "opportunity" for the Islamic Republic of Iran, has provided the behavioural pattern of "insecurity" for this country. To be more precise, the geopolitics of the Caspian legal regime and its foundations, despite creating some opportunities for the Islamic Republic of Iran, the national security of this coastal player in the context of the geographical location and territorial space in the context of historical and civilizational developments, characteristics and the natural nature of the coastal area, territories and access to the sea and the territorial extent of the maritime country have been overshadowed and challenged.

As an Eastern and Asian society, in addition to the centralized construction of power, Iran is faced with diverse ethnic and tribal geography within itself and needs its own development model. Mamsani County in the north-west of Fars province, while enjoying traditional construction, has survived the development path in various dimensions. The basis of the research is based on the question that how can the local pattern of development in Mamsani County be explained? The research method has a descriptive-analytical nature and the method of collecting information is library. the results of the research showed that the local development of Mamsani includes a range of mental transformations (in the cultural and social structure), objective transformation (in the structure of economic geography) and the acceleration of virtual communication space (in the structure of political culture) with care It is based on environmental considerations (sustainability of humanity's future) and well-being (human welfare) and is affected by local, national, global (international) and human society scales. Therefore, the local development Pattern of Memsani is derived from development schools (modernization, dependency, globalization and institutionalism), each of which plays a major role in diagnosing and formulating the development path of this County.

Mamsani has undergone profound political and administrative changes at the crossroads of history. These developments have taken place in a primitive context and based on the identifiers of tribal culture. One of Mamsani's settlements is the Gachgaran village, which is considered to be the home of the Gachgaran people. The political activism of the residents of this settlement is not only separate from other Memsani settlements, but is formed in a tribal context. With this approach, the question is raised, what is the role of tribalism as a historical phenomenon in the political participation and local management of Gachgaran village in the central part of Mamsani? It seems that the tribal culture has played a role in the political participation and local management of Gachgaran village through the institutionalization of the traditional ethnic/kinship model and the intensification of the excitement of the residents. The research method is descriptive-analytical. Among the indicators of tribal culture as an independent variable are: local-tribal emotions, habitat loyalty, nepotism, limited demands of individuals and groups and hometown rivalry. Among the indicators of political participation as a dependent variable are: the special work of the representatives, the election of the Islamic Council, the Dispute Resolution Council and the Village Islamic Council. In this regard, the performance index of the village assistant is considered as another dependent variable for local management. The data were collected by library/documentary (statistics) and field (observation and interview) method. The output of the research shows that tribal culture, by producing ethnic/kinship tendencies and intensifying excitement and emotions, plays an effective role in increasing the political participation of village residents in political moments such as political gatherings in the context of history, the elections of the Islamic Council Parliament and The Village Islamic Council. On the other hand, the selection of local managers in Village Association, House of Justice and army of Science after the land reforms and village governor after the Islamic Revolution based on kinship/tribal considerations and not on the basis of expertise/merit-oriented has fueled the inefficiency of local management in Gachgaran village.

Environmental geopolitics based on the study of ecological changes, security policies of the industrialized world, the geography of environmental threats, the effects of the global system on environmental degradation and environmental refugees in the form of political discourses can affect the national security of actors at national, regional and regional levels. Transnationally influential. In this context, the Caspian region is affected by environmental issues such as pollution, aquatic death and infectious diseases due to special geographical and human conditions. Therefore, Iran as a coastal state can be overshadowed by such dangers. The basis of the current research is based on the question of what are the consequences of the environmental geopolitics of the Caspian Sea for the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran? In expressing the research hypothesis, it seems that the environmental geopolitics of the Caspian Sea is based on the elements of a deterrent legal regime, lake confinement, oil and non-oil pollution, weak participation of coastal countries in transferring the Secretariat of the Tehran Environment Convention in Geneva to the Caspian region. The national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran is challenged. This article uses descriptive-analytical method and collection of information in library style and statistics to analyze the proposed idea. The results showed that the environmental geopolitics of the Caspian Sea and its associated characteristics have some security consequences for the Islamic Republic of Iran such as potential and actual threats from the Caspian coast, dust, climate change, sedimentation, earthquakes and water level fluctuations.

One of the contemporary Arab intellectuals is Muhammad Abed al-Jabari, who, with the project of Arabic intellect against Islamic By planning the project, analyzed the Arab intellect based on the culture of the Islamic world and its influential elements with an epistemological perspective. This article will criticize Jabri's understanding of mystical knowledge with a critical analytical method and in the theoretical framework of Sadrai's critical realism and Mohiuddin's mysticism. Jabri's concern is the progress and development of the Islamic world and the causes of the backwardness of the Islamic world compared to the West. He considered the independent intellect or isolated intellect to be the current of Hermetic philosophy and the most important factor in the decline of Arabic-Islamic intellect. Jabri considered mystical knowledge to be a subjective knowledge that has no objective and social effects and has suffered many deviations, such as the emergence/interpretation of religious teachings, being focused on the hereafter, claiming to be reconciled with God in the affairs of the world, and the abandonment of the task. Therefore, whatever there is a scent of spiritualism and enlightening approach in the themes of religious texts, from Jabri's point of view, it is condemned to Hermeticism and is nothing more than a legend. In criticizing Jabri's point of view, mystical knowledge should be considered to be an objective knowledge resulting from the discovery and achievement of the reality and connection to the self of the Nafs al-Amr of  the world and arising from the reality. In addition, Islamic mysticism, according to the confession of orientalists such as Masignon and Nicholson, belongs to Islam itself and is not imported.One of the contemporary Arab intellectuals is Muhammad Abed al-Jabari, who, with the project of Arabic intellect against Islamic By planning the project, analyzed the Arab intellect based on the culture of the Islamic world and its influential elements with an epistemological perspective. This article will criticize Jabri's understanding of mystical knowledge with a critical analytical method and in the theoretical framework of Sadrai's critical realism and Mohiuddin's mysticism. Jabri's concern is the progress and development of the Islamic world and the causes of the backwardness of the Islamic world compared to the West. He considered the independent intellect or isolated intellect to be the current of Hermetic philosophy and the most important factor in the decline of Arabic-Islamic intellect. Jabri considered mystical knowledge to be a subjective knowledge that has no objective and social effects and has suffered many deviations, such as the emergence/interpretation of religious teachings, being focused on the hereafter, claiming to be reconciled with God in the affairs of the world, and the abandonment of the task. Therefore, whatever there is a scent of spiritualism and enlightening approach in the themes of religious texts, from Jabri's point of view, it is condemned to Hermeticism and is nothing more than a legend. In criticizing Jabri's point of view, mystical knowledge should be considered to be an objective knowledge resulting from the discovery and achievement of the reality and connection to the self of the Nafs al-Amr of  the world and arising from the reality. In addition, Islamic mysticism, according to the confession of orientalists such as Masignon and Nicholson, belongs to Islam itself and is not imported.

Any scientific knowledge of human beings requires the use of a certain paradigm framework. Mamasani populace analysis and processing is no other than this and requires a special paradigm. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to process and understand the paradigm of human beings living in Mamasani geographical space. The basis of the current research is based on the question of how to process and understand the paradigm of Mamasani populace and what are the results? For this purpose, the authors, while examining and analyzing this human being from various historical, geographical, cultural, social, psychological, economic, political and geopolitical perspectives, based on positive, interpretive, critical and postmodern paradigms, have explained a paradigm of this human being. The present study is of a fundamental nature and data mining is descriptive-analytical and collects information based on library data and field findings (interview and observation). The results showed that such cognitive paradigms are effective in the processing of Mamasani populace and his attainment of the cult of personality.

The Mamasani tribal, as one of the Lor ethnic groups settled in the northwest of Fars province and the foothills of the Zagros, has played a significant role. Varying views regarding the origin of the Mamasani tribal are the main purpose for investigating its emergence, its historical and geographical background, its political structure, and the establishment of its tribes in their different territories. In regard to the research hypothesis, it seems that the Mamasani tribal, having a long-lasting historico-geographical background, gradually migrated to the region of Shulistan in the late Safavid period and formed a political structure with a 4 + 1 + 1 pattern (4 Mamasani Lor tribes, 1 Shul tribe, and 1 Qashqai tribe), based on characteristics of power, authority, shrewdness, and type of livelihood, apart from the position of the chieftain (Ilkhan). The present study is a basic data mining research based on the descriptive-analytical method by collecting archival documents (primary sources, local histories, and reliable historical texts) and field data (interview and observation). Based on in-depth and extensive studies, eight new hypotheses have been proposed about the origin and historico-geographical background of the Mamasani tribal confederation, its migration to Shulistan in the late Safavid period, and its political structure. Based on these hypotheses, the results show that in the aftermath of the late Safavid collapse of Mamasani chieftainship in Posht-e kuh in Kohgiluyeh, Mamasani tribes (Baksh, Javid, Rostam, Doshmanziyari) gradually entered to the region of Shulustan. After an early peaceful coexistence with Shuls, They overcame them and formed a new territory under their own chieftains. Consequently, the structure of the Mamasani tribal confederation was shaped, consisting of four Mamasani tribes, one Lor tribe of Shul, and one Turkic tribe of Qashqai but due to lack of a single leadership, socio-political disintegration, and intratribal and extribal (with other tribes and the central government) conflicts were intensified.

Election geography is a branch of political geography that examines the spatial dimensions of elections. One of the geographical dimensions of elections is the pattern of environmental and birth votes. Mamasani constituency, because it has a tribal and nomadic context, the voting pattern in this geographical area is influenced by ethnic and tribal groups, and therefore the main vote of candidates in geographical areas is attributed to their tribe and descent. Hence, the forthcoming research intends to examine and analyze the voting base of the candidates in the 11th round of the Islamic Consultative Assembly elections in Mamasani constituency? In examining the spatial distribution of votes, it seems that the votes were not uniformly distributed in all places and geographical spaces of Mamasani constituency, but the weight and concentration of votes in the spaces attributed to the districts and tribes that are the most populous population and the number of voters. Research method The present research has a descriptive and analytical nature and the method of collecting documentary and field information (observation). The results of the studies showed; The voting pattern in Mamasani constituency is influenced by local-spatial identities and tribalism, and this issue has caused the spatial distribution of votes is not homogeneous and the votes of electoral actors in the birthplace and territory of their tribe more than other places and settlements. Candidates whose place of birth does not have a sufficient population should not reach