سیدغلامحسین حسن تاش

The authors’ main objective is to examine the nature of the relationship between the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI)'s gas export policy and its national security policies as well as its energy security policies. The research hypothesis postulates that success or failure of Iranian gas export policy is related to energy security criteria of the two sides of transaction. Moreover, this association is affected by Iran's national security policy. To gain conceptual framework for analyzing Iranian gas export policy, we try to compare gas export policies of Qatar and Russia, the two key natural gas exporters in the world. The studies of gas export negotiations conducted in the past three decades in addition to challenges toward mega project of Iran’s gas export clearly show lack of sufficient knowledge of Iranian energy policy-makers about energy security concepts. Overlooking the requirements of energy security in the process of gas export policymakig has greatly contributed to the loss of Iran's geo-economic potentials in spite of its considerable natural gas resources. Furthermore, Iran’s gas export policy is under pressure from the US imposed sanctions with "lack of supply security" justification for clients and is rooted in Iranian national security and foreign policy. Russia has also been striving to prevent major natural gas producers like Iran to enter the European market in order to protect its "demand security" across the continent.

While globally there has been a lot of attention paid to increasing energy efficiency following the oil price shock of the 1970’s, oil exporting countries like Iran, benefitting from access to rich energy resources, have not yet done much in this regard. As a result Iran wastes millions of barrels of oil annually due to high energy intensity linked to use of old production structures.This research studies specifically the use of energy in the poultry industry. The study seeks to find a practical solution for the high energy intensity in the Iranian poultry industry through energy conservation to renovate the poultry industry, taking into account suboptimal domestic energy prices and the huge difference between domestic, regional and international energy prices. The study makes use of the two emerging concepts of Energy Service Companies (ESCOs) and Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). The study concludes that renovation of the poultry industry is technically and financially feasible and can pay for itself from savings in energy use. Devising the proposal for funding as a CDM project renders it even more attractive.