سیدمحسن حجت خواه

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of initial incompatible schemas on the criteria of choosing a spouse in single men at the age of 20-35 (marriage age). In terms of method, the present research is a correlational descriptive research. The statistical population includes unmarried men aged 20-35 (marriage age) of Melair city in 1400, from which 200 people were selected as a sample by random cluster sampling. The research tools included Yang's primary schema questionnaire (1999) and Schwartz and Hassibrook's (2012) spouse selection criteria questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression analysis. The findings indicate that initial incompatible schemas have a negative effect on the criteria for choosing a spouse. According to the results of the research, with the reduction of initial incompatible schemas, the quality of mate selection criteria increases

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy and spiritual therapy on increasing the resilience and psychological flexibility of mothers with children with physical and motor disabilities in 2022-2023. The current study was a quasi-experimental type of unequal groups with a pre-test and post-test design and a one-month follow-up period with a control group. The statistical population of the study was made up of all the mothers of children with physical and movement disabilities referring to rehabilitation centers and students under the special education of Kermanshah city. The research sample consisted of 45 qualified mothers who were randomly assigned to two experimental groups of acceptance and commitment (15 people) and treatment based on acceptance and commitment (15 people) and a control group (15 people). Connor and Davidson's resilience questionnaire (2003) and psychological flexibility questionnaire were used to collect data. The experimental groups received twelve ninety-minute sessions of acceptance and commitment-based therapy and spiritual therapy once a week, and no intervention was provided to the control group. The data were analyzed using repeated measures mixed covariance analysis in SPSS version 26 software. The results showed that therapy based on acceptance and commitment and spiritual therapy has an effect on improving resilience and psychological flexibility. Also, the results showed that spiritual therapy plays a greater role in improving the resilience of mothers with physically disabled children than treatment based on acceptance and commitment

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of native-family games in satisfaction, empowerment, and the six dimensions of family functioning based on the McMaster model. The statistical population of this study consisted of all families with a child aged 6 and over living in Harsin city in 2021. The research was conducted by quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest design with control group. 20 families were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigning them to experimental and control groups. The intervention was performed separately for each family in six 90-minute sessions and during this period the control group did not receive any intervention. Research instruments included the Family Assessment Questionnaire (Epstein, Baldwin, & Bishop, 1983), the Family Empowerment Questionnaire (Koren‚ DeChillo and Friesen, 1992), and the Family Satisfaction Questionnaire (Olson & Wilson, 1982). Data were analyzed using ANCOVA statistical method. The findings of the research showed that native-family games have a significant effect on the variables of family satisfaction (p<0.001, F=57.89), family empowerment (P<0.001, F=21.07). Also the variable of native-family games, except for the behavior control dimension (P<0.82, F=0.82), was able to affect the other five dimensions of the six dimensions of family functioning (communication (P <0.001, F = 13.88), problem solving (P <0.001, F = 15.02), role playing (P <0.04, F = 4.23) , Emotional responsiveness (P <0.005, F = 9.07), emotional participation (P <0.03, F = 4.97) and overall function (P <0.01, F = 7.08)) have a significant effect.Based on this, it can be concluded that the implementation of family games can have positive effects on improving family performance and increasing the level of satisfaction and empowerment of families by improving the quality of interactions between members, their responsibility and role-playing.

The family is the smallest social unit and its stability or instability will leave frequent negative effects on family members and society. Based on this, the aim of the current research is to investigate the effect of central self-evaluation on the criteria of choosing a wife in single men at the age of 20-35 (marriage age). The current research is applied in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of descriptive method. The statistical population consisted of unmarried men aged 20-35 (marriage age) of Melair city in 1400, from which 200 people were selected as a sample by cluster random sampling. The research tools included the central self-evaluation questionnaire of Judge et al. (2003) and the questionnaire of criteria for selecting a spouse by Schwartz and Hassibrook (2012). Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression analysis. The results showed that with the increase of central self-evaluation, the quality of mate selection criteria will increase. Therefore, the criteria for choosing a wife in single men are related to the central self-evaluation of people.

The purpose of this study was to Explaining the causal model of Marital Intimacy based on Attachment Styles, Self-Compassion and Mindfulness in Romantic Relationships of couples in Holeilan city. The research method was descriptive structural equation modeling and the statistical population of the study included all married people of Holeilan city in 2022, among them, 350 people were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster random sampling. Research tools include the Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships by Schaefer, & Olson (1981), the Adult Attachment Inventory by Simpson (1990), the Self-Compassion Scale by Neff (2003) and the Relationship Mindfulness Measure by Kimmes et al (2018). The structural equation modeling method was used to analyze the data. In this study, the indirect paths of secure attachment to the marital intimacy with the mediation of self-compassion and mindfulness in romantic relationships; and Insecure attachment to the marital intimacy with the mediation of mindfulness in romantic relationships were significant. This model was able to explain 0.37 of the variance of marital intimacy. The results showed that according to the research findings, marital intimacy and attachment styles are related both directly and indirectly and self-compassion and mindfulness in romantic relationships were able to play a mediating role between marital intimacy and attachment styles.

The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of school with high standards of job growth. The research was applied and the mixed method was used in terms of data collection. In the quantitative part, the Student Occupational Standards Questionnaire published by the American School Counseling Association (2004) was used to identify occupational schools, and in the qualitative part, in-depth interviews were used to examine school occupational indicators. The statistical population of this study was all first and second secondary schools for girls in Kermanshah. T After identifying the three schools as vocational schools, in the second phase, 10 agents from the three schools were selected by in-depth sampling method for in-depth interviews. In the last two interviews, no new information was obtained and the data were saturated. After reviewing the data obtained from the research and coding the data of each group in three stages of open, axial, selective coding, a total of 90 concepts related to vocational school indicators were obtained, which were classified into 27 categories, which were finally indexed. Vocational schools were classified into 8 general areas: school education system, non-formal education programs, student job empowerment, school strategies for career growth, quality of organizational relationships in school, supportive school environment, student job resources,

The present study aimed to perform a phenomenological analysis of employees of helping professions involved in addiction.

The present research was a qualitative phenomenological study. The statistical population of this study included all employees of helping professions involved in the category of addiction (including counselors, psychologists, social workers, doctors, etc.) who were engaged in providing services to substance-dependent individuals or their families in Shiraz in 2021. Among them, 27 people were selected using the purposeful sampling method. An in-depth interview was used to collect data and the data obtained from the interview were analyzed using the thematic analysis method.

The results indicated the extraction of 130 concepts from the experiences of employees of helping professions, which were categorized into 20 sub-categories that were finally classified in 6 general categories of all-round support, awareness and training of necessary skills, the tasks of organs and specialists, psychological services, having the will and motivation to withdrawal and medical services.

Families with a substance-dependent parent need professional care and support in the mentioned areas, and organizations and helping individuals need to design and implement appropriate interventions in these areas.

 Happiness is one of the concepts of positivist psychology that is important today in married life as well as mental health. Forming and maintaining a family and preventing it from collapsing requires family members to have certain skills and abilities. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the role of forgiveness and spirituality in couples' happiness.

 This is a descriptive-correlational study. The sample population of the study included all the couples living in Kermanshah during 2019, out of whom 300 were selected by available sampling method. The instruments used in the present study included the Oxford Happiness Scale (Hills & Argyle), the Family Sensitivity Measurement Scale (Pollard etal.), and the Spirituality Scale (Shahidi and Farajnia). Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, correlation matrix, and step-by-step regression. In this study, all ethical considerations have been observed and no conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

 The results showed that there is a significant relationship between forgiveness (r=0.519; P<0.05) and spirituality (r=0.688; P<0.05) and couple happiness. On the other hand, among the dimensions of forgiveness, the sub-scales of feelings of recovery and light-heartedness, recognition/acknowledgment and realistic understanding could more strongly predict the couple's happiness. Also, among the subscales of spiritualityspiritual ability and spiritual attitude had a stronger predictive power for the happiness of couples, respectively (P<0.05).

 According to the results, it can be stated that forgiveness and spirituality can play an effective role in promoting the happiness of couples, and there is a need to pay more attention to these structures in counseling centers.

Family experts always consider paying attention to the factors that affecting marriage as the most important choice in onechr('39')s life.

The aim of present study was to predict marriage tendency based on interpersonal problems mediated by love attitude in students.

The research was fundamental in terms of purpose and in terms of methods was a structural equation modeling. Population included all female students of Sanandaj Universities in the academic year of 2018-2019. 360 female students chosen by quota non-random sampling method. Instruments were Marriage Desire Questionnaire (MDQ), Interpersonal Problems Questionnaire (IIP-32) and Love Attitude Scale (LAS). Data analyzed by mean, standard deviation, Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling using SPSS-25 and AMOS-24 software.

Result showed that The direct path of interpersonal problems (-0.16), romantic love (0.30) and selfless love (0.19) to marriage tendency were significant. Also direct path of interpersonal problems (0.40 and 0.30) to romantic and friendly love, Indirect paths of interpersonal problems were significant (p<0.05). Marriage tendency mediating of romantic (-0.10) and friendly love (-0.02). The path of friendly love to marriage tendency (0.01) and the direct path of interpersonal problems (-0.04) to sacrificial love and indirect path of interpersonal problems to marriage tendency with mediating sacrificial love (-0.002) were not significant (p>0.05).

In whole according to finding Romantic and friendly love able to moderate the damage caused by interpersonal problems and motivates the person to marriage.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group counseling based on Lazarus multimodal approach on psychological well-being of rural male students.

This was a semi-experimental study including pre-test and post-test design, with control group. The study population included all male high school students in rural areas of city of Andimeshk in Iran. Thirty students were chosen through cluster sampling method who obtained the total score lower than average on the psychographic well-being scale, and randomly assigned to experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The experimental group received 8 ninety-minute weekly sessions of multimodal counseling.  The research instrument included the short form of Ryff  Psychological Well-being Questionnaire. At the end of the sessions, post-test was performed for both groups. Data were analyzed by the analysis of covariance.  

The results showed that there is significant difference between experimental and control groups in measures of psychological well-being (p>0/001). The final achievement of this study was the effectiveness of group counseling based on Lazarus multimodal approach on increasing the psychological well-being of male students.  

In general, the research findings indicate the role and importance of multimodal therapy in increasing psychological well-being.

The homelessness is one of the important concepts related to non-native students, which is always affected by various factors. The purpose of this study was the Structural Equation Model Fitness of Homesickness Based Resilience with mediating of Emotional and Social Adjustment in Non-Native Students.The purpose of this study was fundamental and in terms of descriptive method of structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all non-native undergraduate students of Mohaghegh Ardabili University in the academic year 2017 that total of 245 people were selected by non-random sampling method as a sample size. Research tools were Utrecht Homesickness Scale (UHS), Conner and Davidson Resiliency Questionnaire (CD-RIS) and Bells adjustment Scale (BAS). Data were analyzed by Frequency index, mean, Standard Deviation, Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling method in SPSS-25 and AMOS-24 software. The results showed that direct paths resilience to homesickness, resilience to emotional and social adjustment, emotional and social adjustment to homesickness, and indirect pathways to resilience to homesickness were mediating by emotional and social adjustment is significant. The results of this study emphasize the importance of mediating role of emotional and social adjustment in Relation between resilience and homesickness.

The Present study has been done to investigate the role of Relationship Beliefs and personality characters in predicting sexual satisfaction of married female nurses of Kermanshah.Research type was descriptive - Correlation. Population of this study was all married female nurses of Kermanshah in 2014-2015 yea. 278 married female nurses were selected through cluster sampling method. Instruments include Relationship Beliefs questionnaires’ (Epstein & Eielson), the Five Factor Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI); (Costa & McCare, 1992).  And sexual satisfaction (Larson).The gathered Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and linear regression stepwise method. The results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between Personality character neuroticism and sexual satisfaction and significant positive relationship between Personality characteristics (Agreeableness, flexibility and responsibility) with sexual satisfaction. There is a significant negative relationship between Relationship Beliefs (Disagreement is destructive, Mind reading is expected and Sexual perfectionism) and relationship Beliefs with sexual satisfaction. Was not observed significant relationship between personality character Extroversion and Relationship Beliefs (Partner cannot change and the sexes are different). Between Personality characters, responsibility and Relationship Beliefs (Disagreement is destructive and Sexual perfectionism) can predict ٪34 of Variance of sexual satisfaction. According results present study can be said that personality character responsibility and Relationship Beliefs (Disagreement is destructive and Sexual perfectionism) can predict sexual satisfaction.

Marital disaffection and sexual relationships play important roles in the physical and mental health of couples and can lead to divorces. So, the present study done with the aim to test the causal relationship model, related to the role of personality characteristics and the stability of marital interactions in the prediction of marital disaffection with mediating sexual self-efficacy in married women. The research method is descriptive and correlation is a path analysis method. The statistical population of the study included all married women in Kermanshah who have preschool children 1395. A sample of 425 people was selected. The tools that have been used included the questionnaire of five personality factors, marital interactions stability, sexual self-efficacy and marital disaffection. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, path analysis and bootstrap test were used for data analysis. The results show that the direct paths of neuroticism, agreement, responsibility, marital interactions stability and sexual self-efficacy have significant impacts on marital disaffection. The results of indirect paths also show that neuroticism and marital interactions stability have significant impacts on marital disaffection with self-efficacy mediation. All paths were meaningful at the level of 0.001. Finally, predictive variables predict 64 percent of marital disaffection together. The results showed that low levels of neuroticism and marital interaction stability by increasing sexual self-efficacy reduced marital disaffection. Duo to the results of this research, to reduce the amount of divorce and increase the physical and psychological health of couples, it is suggested that experts, counselors and therapists pay more attention to the components of this study, especially sexual self-efficacy.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of       therapy based on acceptance and commitment on improvement of the parent-child relationship in mothers with mental retardation children Study was experimental with a pretest-posttest control group and the Follow-up test. Population includes all mothers of children with mental retardation whose children were studying at exceptional schools in Dezful city in the academic year of 2016-2017. 30 Mother was chosen with cluster sampling method and assigned to tow experimental and control groups randomly. (Each group n=15). The experimental group received group therapy in 10 sessions of 90 minutes (2 sessions weekly) and the control group did not receive group therapy. The Instrument was Mother-Child Relationship Evaluation scale (1961). Data analyzed with multiple analysis of covariance. Findings: The results showed that there are significant differences in level Posttest and Follow up between experimental and control groups in parent-child relationship (p>0/001). According to research findings, group therapy based on acceptance and commitment is an effective method for improving the parent-child relationship in mothers with mental retardation children.

Language acquisition is one of the most important components of development that social interaction plays fundamental role in this procedure. Results of research in this field showed there is a strong relationship between language skills and social skills. The aim of this research was to investigate relation between language skills and social skills in children whit dyslexia. This correlation study followed a descriptive method. The sample included 60 children with dyslexia diagnosis were selected by available sampling among centers of learning disorders in Sanandaj. The study instruments included the test of language development (TOLD-P:3) and the social skills questionnaire- parent form (SSRS). Data were analyzed thorough correlation coefficient. The results showed there is a significant correlation between language skills and social skills in children with dyslexia. these results highlights the relation between language skills and social skills in progress of development and by presenting appropriate educational programs it is possible to promote level of these skills in children especially in children with dyslexia.

This study aimed to investigate the prediction of marital adjustment based on spiritual intelligence and social support in couples living in Kermanshah done. The study population consisted of all couples living in solidarity and Kermanshah. The sample included 71 couples in 1394 to get Consultancy Services Psychology and private psychology counseling and referral to a service center had been sampling method were selected. To collect data from questionnaires spiritual intelligence, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and Marital Adjustment Spanier Shd.thlyl using data correlation coefficient and regression analysis was performed with the help of 21 SPSS software. The results of this study showed that social support and marital adjustment between spiritual intelligence and spiritual intelligence correlates and predictors of social support and marital adjustment. The findings suggest that spiritual intelligence and social support plays an important role in marital adjustment Dashth¬And.

The aim of Present study was study the effectiveness of therapy based on acceptance and commitment on Resiliency mothers of children with mental retardation. Study type was semi experimental, pretest-posttest design with control group and the follow up. Population include all mothers of children with mental retardation whose children were studying at exceptional schools in Dezful city in the academic year of 2016-2017. . 30 Mother were chosen with Multi-step cluster sampling method and assigned into tow experimental and control groups randomly (each group n=15). The experimental group received group therapy in 10 sessions of 90 minutes (2 session weekly)and The control group did not receive group therapy. The Instruments was Friborg Revised Resiliencyscale (2003). data analyzed with analyze of variance. The results showed that there is significant differences in level Posttest and Follow up between experimental and control groups in Resiliency (p>0/001). According to research findings, group therapy based on acceptance and commitment is an effective method in increasing the resiliency in mothers with mental retardation children.

The aim of this study is to determine the role of self-compassion in students’ risky behaviors. This research is a descriptive co-relational study. 273 students (170 females and 103 males) participated in the study by multi stage cluster sampling method and responded to self-compassion questionnaire (Neff, 2009) and risk behaviors questionnaire (National College Health Risk Behavior Survey, 2007). Date were analyzed using T Test, Pearson correlation and regression analysis The results showed that the self-compassion has a significant and negative relation with risky behaviors (p=0.00) and judgment about self (As one of the three dimensions of self-compassion) has the highest regression coefficient in reducing risky behaviors. Generally Components of self-compassion explain 12/7 of the Variance in risk behaviors.
Based on results, we conclude that Consistent with other studies, student’s self-compassion as one of the factors of increasing mental health leads to reducing in risky behaviors, so this can be important to prevent high-risk behaviors.

The aim of Present study was study the effectiveness of therapy based on acceptance and commitment on social adjustment and internalized shame mothers of children with mental retardation. Study type was semi experimental, pre-posttest design with control group. Population include all mothers of children with mental retardation of Andimeshk city in 2016. 30 students were chosen with cluster sampling method and assigned into tow experimental and control groups (each group n=15).experimental group received 10 sessions group therapy based on acceptance and commitment weekly (each session 90 minute duration). Instruments were bell social adjustment Inventory and Cook internalized shame scale. data analyzed with multiple analyze of covariance. Findings showed that there is significant differences between experimental and control groups in social adjustment and internalized shame (p>0/001). In whole findings indicated the role and importance group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on increasing social adjustment and decreasing internalized shame mothers of children with mental retardation.

This study aimed to investigate the role of psychological hardiness mediator in the relationship between religious orientation, self-concept and self-efficacy in predicting the tendency to have addiction
This study was a descriptive - correlational. The study sample was male students of Razi University undergraduate years 2014-2015. 358 undergraduates were selected by multistage cluster sampling. The data of Alport religious orientation, Scherrer self-efficacy , Beck self-concept and Ahvaz Hardiness Inventor and Addiction Potential(APS) were collected. In order to evaluate the model of structural equation modeling using SPSS-19 and AMOS-18 software was use.
The results showed that there was a significant difference between , self-efficacy, self-concept and inter-religious orientation through psychological hardiness with addiction tend to have a significant negative relationship.
. Can be used with regard to the the influence of research variables With addiction tendencie The programs in the field of the prevention and treatment addiction.

This study aimed to investigate the role of family communication patterns mediate the relationship between basic psychological needs, psychological capital and early maladaptive schemas of PS was predicted.
This study was descriptive and correlational. The study population included all male and female students of Kermanshah, was in high school in the academic year 94-93. Using Morgan table 400 students (200 girls and 200 boys) were selected by multistage cluster sampling, that the five instruments, family communication patterns in the relationship between basic psychological needs, psychological capital and Yang early maladaptive schemas and PS APS responded. In order to assess the structural equation model using AMOS software and SPSS-21 was used.
The results showed that the model with the mediation of family communication patterns (in scale dialogue) is a good fit. the ability to predict their addictive potential.
The tested model fit is acceptable and important step towards understanding the domains of personal and familial susceptibility to addiction is As well as a good model for the design and development of high-risk behavior prevention programs can be very helpful.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of the attachment styles, personality traits, and forgiveness to the attitude toward extramarital relations in the married couples of the city of Kermanshah.
In this study that was made in the form of correlation analysis, 600 married people of Kermanshah were selected through multi-stage cluster sampling.they completed the attitude-towards extramarital inventory, NEO five factor inventory(NEO-FFI) , Collins and Read revised adult attachment scale(RAAS; Collins/ Read) and Ray forgiveness inventory. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression.
Findings: The results of the study showed that there is apositive significant relationship between attachment styles and the attitude towards extramarital relations(p The results of regression analysis showed that attachment styles, personality traits and forgiveness together explain 31% of the attitude towards extramarital relations. According to the results of attachment styles, both personality traits and forgiveness can affect the attitude towards extramarital relations.

The present study has been done to investigate the effectiveness of Schema therapy on dysfunctional attitudes mate selection in Female students. Research type was semi- experimental with pre- test, post- test design with control group. Population of this study was all female students of Razi University in academic years 2016. 30 students were selected through cluster sampling method and assigned in 2 groups (experimental and control) randomly. The experimental group received schema therapy intervention in 8 sessions. Instruments include Attitude toward mate selection questionnaire (Cobb, Larson & Watson, 1992). The gathered data were analyzed through MANCOVA. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups in term of mate selection dysfunctional attitudes (Ease of effort, Love is enough, Idealization and Opposite complement). Based on the results it can be said that the schema therapy is an effective approach on Decrease dysfunctional attitudes mate selection in female students.