شهریار خرازیان

The objective of this study is to develop a comprehensive model of managerial and technical standards for bodybuilding clubs to enhance service quality, increase customer satisfaction, and improve overall club performance. This model aims to address the lack of standardized practices in the management and technical operations of bodybuilding clubs, which can lead to inconsistencies in service delivery and customer dissatisfaction.This study employed a mixed-methods approach, consisting of qualitative and quantitative phases. In the qualitative phase, data were collected through exploratory interviews and systematic literature reviews, resulting in the identification of key themes and components for the standards model. In the quantitative phase, a survey was distributed to managers and trainers of top-rated bodybuilding clubs in Mashhad, Iran. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, structural equation modeling (SEM), and the Smart PLS software to validate the proposed model.The findings revealed that standardization significantly enhances service quality and customer satisfaction in bodybuilding clubs. Key factors such as organizational and individual standardization, standard management, and optimization were identified as critical components.The results from the SEM analysis showed significant positive relationships between these factors, indicating that effective management and optimization of standards can lead to improved service quality and higher customer satisfaction. The study also highlighted the importance of technological integration and soft skills development in enhancing managerial and technical capabilities.The study concludes that the implementation of standardized managerial and technical practices in bodybuilding clubs is essential for improving service quality and customer satisfaction. The proposed model provides a comprehensive framework that can guide club managers in adopting standardized practices. Future research should expand the scope of this study to include a broader geographical area and incorporate longitudinal data to further validate the model.

The research was conducted with the aim of explaining the relationship between attachment style and parents' anxiety with students' externalized problems. The research method was practical in terms of purpose and from the point of view of data collection in the descriptive-correlation research group and in terms of scope of work in the quantitative research group. The statistical population of the research consists of 12,000 parents of students in Tabadakan area of ​​Mashhad, using the formula of Tabachnik and Fidel, the minimum sample size required was 58 people, and in order to complete the sample size of this research and considering the possibility of error in completing Questionnaires and return error rate, 250 questionnaires were distributed by cluster sampling method, and finally, 175 healthy questionnaires were collected after distribution, and this number was the criterion of analysis. In order to collect data, the standardized questionnaires of Collins and Reed's attachment style (1990), Kettle's anxiety (2013) and externalizing problems (behavior disorder 2013) were used. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive tests, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation test and structural equations with the help of SPSS version 26 and Lisrel software. The findings of the research showed that the attachment style and anxiety of the parents had a significant effect on the externalized problems of the students (0.05) and also the attachment style had a significant effect on the components of the externalized problems (0.05). Also, the role of parental anxiety on externalized problems was confirmed.

The spread of the corona virus has affected various sports in the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of coronavirus outbreak on sporting events and competitions.

The present study is an applied research in terms of nature and from the aspect of data analysis method is descriptive-exploratory that data collection was done in the field. The statistical population included an unlimited number of all sports directors, sports teachers and professors, sports coaches, sports producers, sports service providers, sports referees, athletes, sports equipment sellers and sports media activists in Iran, and 600 samples answered a questionnaire of 20 research questions. In order to evaluate the reliability of internal consistency and its stability, Cronbach's alpha index was used in a preliminary study that the alpha value for the whole questionnaire was 0.972. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of SPSS and AMOS software.

findings exploratory factor analysis showed that, the sporting events and competitions was affected by COVID-19.

According to the findings, it can be said that the country's sports officials can hold sports competitions by compiling health protocols and instructions.

The study is to represent a model to explain the impact of organizational culture on social capital among the managers and employees of Ministry of Sport and Youth. The study population in terms of quality and identifying the components of organizational culture includes the managers of aforementioned ministry which are chosen purposively. In the quantitative section, the population includes all the managers and employees (900 people) that 270 are selected as samples by simple random sampling according to Morgan table. |The research tools are a researcher-made questionnaire for organizational culture (33 items) and a Nahapiet and Ghoshal (1998) questionnaire (28 items) for social capital. The content validity of the questionnaire was verified by 10 sports management professors and the reliability of the questionnaire based on Cronbach's alpha for organizational culture and social capital was estimated to be 0.86 and 0.97, respectively. The SEM is utilized in order to investigate the causal relationship between organizational culture and social capital.The results showed that organizational culture is of a significant positive effect on structural, communicational and cognitive aspects of social capital. Eventually it can be said that if the managers proceed to strengthen organizational culture, they could provide a joint conformity and this factor in turn can positively affect improving efficiency and productivity of employees

The purpose of this study was to identify the components of organizational culture affecting social capital Cognitive dimension in the Ministry of Sports and Youth.

The research method used was qualitative and the required information was obtained using documentary studies and interviews with experts. The statistical population of the study consisted of managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth and academic professors. The sampling method was theoretical and interviews with the experts continued to reach the theoretical saturation (16 interviews).

In total, 5 factors influencing the social component were identified, which were identified as two general factors: synergy enhancement and self Staff flourishes. According to the findings, the factors were identified.

Finally, according to the results, it is suggested that the managers of the Ministry of Sports and Youth should focus on group work and preserve the fundamental values ​​of Sarman as one of the other strategies for changing organizational culture.

Diabetes Mellitus is a heterogeneous group of different metabolic disorders that are characterized by chronic increase of blood glucose، cardiovascular diseases، and proteins، lipids and carbohydrate metabolism disorder. Leptin، that is a marker of fat mass in the body، has an important role in the body total metabolism and glucose homeostasis. To investigate the effect of 12 weeks of aerobic exercise on leptin and glucose homeostasis in patients with type II diabetes. In this quasi-experimental study، 40 men with type П diabetes referring to Mashhad Parsian Clinic were allocated into two groups: aerobic (20 participants) and control (20 participants). Aerobic group performed selected exercises in 12 weeks (three 40 min sessions per week with %60-%70 heart rate reserves). The levels of leptin، fasting glucose، insulin and insulin resistant factor were measured. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 11. 5 using t student and Paired t test، and also Mann-Whitney، and Wilcoxon tests. The level of significance was considered to be 95% (p<0. 05). The mean age of experimental group was 40. 4 in experimental vs 38. 3 in control group. The mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 5. 38 and 5. 20 in experimental and control group، respectively. There were significant differences in leptin (P<0. 001)، Fasting Blood Sugar (P<0. 01)، insulin (P<0. 015) and insulin resistant factor (P<0. 035) between aerobic exercise training and control group. Regular aerobic exercise causes insulin resistant reduction and glucose metabolic elevation and also reduction of leptin level in serum so that could have an important role in reduction of cardiovascular diseases and improvement of glucose metabolism in patients with type II diabetes mellitus.