شهین مجیری

Flexible flatfoot causes pain in higher joints and disturbs the pressure distribution of soles in affected people. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of three-dimensional (3D)-printed insoles and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) in reducing pressure and pain in people with flexible flatfoot.

The present study was designed as a systematic review based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. An extensive search was conducted in the most important databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated through Downs and Black's checklist. A form was also designed to extract the most important findings of the studies based on the research objectives, and finally the results of the studies were evaluated.

In the electronic search, 19 articles that met the inclusion criteria were published between 2003 and 2022. Insoles that used 3D-design technology and CAD/CAM might have a positive effect on pain and function and distribution of foot pressure in patients with flat feet during the period of patient investigation. But there was no reliable evidence due to the examination of different outcomes and the small number of studies in this regard.

Although the use of 3D insoles and CAD/CAM played a role in reducing pressure and pain and increasing the comfort of patients with flexible flatfoot, the evidence in this field is insufficient and requires more studies.

360-degree feedback seems to be a more comprehensive view of appraising capabilities, behavior, competence, and performance of individuals in the organization than other methods of performance appraisal. This study endeavored to appraise librarians’ performance in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, through 360-degree feedback.

This study was conducted with a survey-analysis methodology. The population consisted of 43 librarians, 43 superiors, 43 colleagues, and 80 users; accordingly, census sampling method was employed. Each librarian was assessed by one supervisor, all colleagues, two users, and a self-assessment questionnaire was filled by each librarian. The data was collected by pre-prepared questionnaires by Farajpahlou et al. To analyze the data, Student's t, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Duncan, analysis of variance tests were used.

Librarians’ performance in total (4.37), and status of their performance in moral-value (4.47), functional (4.37), and process (4.34) skills were higher than average level. There was no significant difference between the results of four groups in the moral-value index and functional skills, but there was a significant difference between the users and other assessors in the process skills.

Given the low mean in the process index, it seems necessary to take effective steps by librarians to improve communication with users. These results could be used by managers and librarians to identify the strengths and weaknesses of librarians’ performance.

Nowadays, anyone with any knowledge of the Internet environment can act as producer and distributer of information. It differs from most traditional media of information transmission, lack of information control and lack of quality management to contents. This leads to quality of health information on the internet is doubtful. The objective of this study is guidance patients to select valid depression websites for identify and treat their depression and determine the quality of Persian depression websites.

This was survey and an applied study that the study population was all Persian depression websites. Sample of this study was 14 Persian depression website was created by individuals or organizations.Data collection was performed with the WebMedQual checklist. Web sites was assessed based on indicators as content standards, credit references, design, accessibility and usability, links, support, and privacy of user data (Maximum score for any website was 83, mean score 41.5 and minimum score was 0). Collected data analyzed by one sample T- test in SPSS 18.findings presented by Mean score and optimal score.

Persian websites of depression were weak in the content (mean 6.6), reliability of sources(mean 4.2), accessibility and usability (mean 2.1), links (mean 1.5), support (mean 3.9), and the privacy of user data(mean 2.5) and they were below average. Only design criteria (mean 9) were rated good and above average. Also there was no significant relationship between ownership type and rating website evaluation, finally provided a list of sites ranked on the basis of indicators.

Persian websites data on depression dont have essential reliability for users. It is better to use the ranked list websites or search on the internet by help information experts.

The tendency to read and study is one of the most important indicators of growth and development. This is an effective factor for avoiding one-dimensional thinking and developing human talents in various fields. This study aimed to determine the relationship between non-school study and mental health in student s of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2010-2011.

In this descriptive –correlational study, 300 third year students (out of 1054 students) of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were selected through stratified, randoms ampling. Data gathering tools were a researcher-made questionnaire and general health questionnaire. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was calculated 0.86 for researcher-made questionnaire and 0.83 for Goldenberg and Hiller mental health questionnaire. Data analysis was done using descriptive and the inferential (t-test, ANOVA and Tukey test) statistics.

The mean of facilitating factors for non-school study was at the intermediate level. The mean of barriers was less than the average level. 53.2 percent had mental health, 44.6 percent had pathological symptoms and2/2percentdid not respond questions related to mental health. Subject shad mental health in term of "somatization" and "depression" sub-scales, and they had pathological symptoms in "social function failure", "anxiety and "insomnia" sub-scales. The correlation coefficient between facilitating factors and mentioned sub-scales(i.e. somatization, anxiety, insomnia, social function failure and depression)was significant (P>0.05). Facilitating factors and somatization, anxiety, insomnia and depression sub-scales had the inverse association. Facilitating factors and social function failure sub-scales were directly associated. The correlation coefficient between barriers and mentioned sub-scales(i.e. somatization, anxiety, insomnia, and depression)was significant (P>0.05). Therefore, there is a direct relationship between barriers and somatization, anxiety and insomnia and depression sub-scales.

The ability to study is one-way for improving the thinking and logical thinking ability. Its leasteffect is intellectual system activation. It has a positive impact on the mind, intelligence, thinking, behavior and ethics.