شیما پرندین

 The purpose of this study was to develop a model of hope based on emotion regulation, with spiritual well-being as a mediator, in heart failure patients in Kermanshah and to evaluate its effectiveness on death anxiety.

 This research was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, a descriptive correlational method was used to examine the relationship between predictor variables, criteria, and mediators. In the second phase, a semi-experimental research design with a pretest-posttest design and control group was used. The study population consisted of all young heart failure patients visiting Imam Ali (A.S.) Hospital and private clinics in Kermanshah in 2022. In the first phase of the study, 270 participants were selected based on the Cochran formula and the study’s inclusion criteria. In the second phase, 30 participants who scored lower on the hope, spiritual well-being, and emotion regulation scales and higher on the death anxiety questionnaire compared to other patients were selected through purposive sampling and divided into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. Structural equation modeling and analysis of covariance were used for data analysis. These analyses were performed using SPSS and AMOS software, version 23.

 The results showed that emotion regulation had a significant causal relationship with spiritual well-being and hope. Furthermore, a significant causal relationship was found between spiritual well-being and hope.

 The findings of this study confirmed the mediating role of spiritual well-being in the relationship between the mentioned variables. The educational program developed based on hope was effective in reducing death anxiety in heart failure patients.

Considering the adverse effects of domestic violence on the physical and psychological health of women who are victims of this social problem, the objective of the present study was to examine the effect of self-compassion therapy on psychological distress and emotion regulation strategies of women who are victims of domestic violence. The research design was experimental, the pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population included female victims of domestic violence who were referred to Elixir Counseling Center in Kermanshah. From among them, 40 women were selected through purposive sampling method considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group focused on self-compassion, and the control group did not receive any treatment. The research instruments included the Violence against Women Questionnaire (VTWI), Psychological Distress Questionnaire (DASS), and Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire (ERQ). Self-compassion-focused therapy adapted from Gilbert’s (2014) therapy protocol was implemented in the experimental group for eight 90-minute sessions twice a week. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 26) with a probability level of 0.05. The results showed that focusing on self-compassion was significantly effective in psychological distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) and emotion regulation strategies (i.e., re-evaluation and suppression of emotions) of female victims of domestic violence (P < 0.05). Therefore, it could be concluded that the treatment focused on self-compassion was effective in improving psychological distress and emotion regulation strategies of female victims of domestic violence. Considering the efficiency of this treatment, it is suggested that therapists use this treatment to improve the recovery of psychological distress and emotion regulation strategies of female victims of domestic violence.

Aging is one of the most important stages of human life, during which people face a wide range of physiological and psychological changes. Among these changes, issues such as death anxiety and loneliness are important. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy and mindfulness-based therapy on death anxiety and loneliness in the elderly. The design of the current research was semi-experimental in the pre-test-post-test manner with a control group. The statistical population included all the elderly living in Mehrgan Asylum in Kermanshah in 1401, of which 45 eligible people were selected by voluntary sampling and randomly assigned to three groups by considering the entry and exit criteria. The instrument of research was the Cult-Lester’s death anxiety questionnaire and Dashiri feeling of loneliness. The interventions of the two groups were carried out in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and twice a week. Data were analyzed using SPSS-26 software and multivariate analysis of covariance tests and BENFERRONI’S post hoc tests with a probability value of 0/05. The results showed that the therapy based on acceptance and commitment and the therapy based on mindfulness were effective in reducing the death anxiety and loneliness of these elderly people (P=0/000). Also, no significant difference was observed between the two treatments (p=1). According to the results of the research, it can be said that the use of these treatment methods is useful and effective in improving the death anxiety and loneliness of the elderly.

The increase in the elderly population in the country, along with various problems that threaten their physical and mental health, has led to inappropriate emotional reactions and stress-causing factors such as reducing resilience and intensifying stress in the elderly community. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy on resilience and perceived stress in elderly residents in nursing homes. The present research method was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all the elderly living in Kermanshah nursing home in 1402, among which 30 people were randomly selected into two alternatives experimental and control groups with the available sampling method and according to the criteria for entering and exiting the study. Became the content of the therapy sessions was taken from the perspective of Segal et al. (2016). The research participants responded to the Connor and Davidson (2003) resilience questionnaire and the Cohen et al. (1983) perceived stress questionnaire. The data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS-26 software. The results showed that the experimental group was significantly different from the control group in terms of both resilience and perceived stress variables. In other words, stress reduction treatment based on mindfulness improved resilience and reduced perceived stress in the elderly (P<0.05). According to the results of the present study, therapists can use mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy for health-related interventions, especially to improve resilience and reduce perceived stress.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy and compassion-based therapy on reducing mental rumination, anxiety and worry of obsessive-compulsive patients. The method of the present study was a quasi-experimental experimental method in terms of data collection and its research design was a pre-test post-test design with a control group. The study population consisted of all patients referred to counseling and psychological clinics in District 5 of Tehran. Sampling method The present study was purposive stepwise cluster sampling. Based on previous research, 15 people were selected for each group, which was a total of 45 people. Two educational packages and two questionnaires were used to evaluate the dependent variables of the research. First, the subjects in this study were trained in metacognitive skills for 8 weeks and 16 sessions of 90 minutes, then for 8 weeks and 16 sessions of each session, 90 minutes were trained in Self- Compassion. The Yousefi Ruminant Questionnaire (2005), the Connor Anxiety Questionnaire (2000) and the Pennsylvania State Anxiety Inventory (PSWQ) were used to diagnose obsessive-compulsive disorder patients. The results of analysis of covariance showed that metacognitive therapy and compassion-based therapy reduced mental rumination, anxiety and worry of obsessive-compulsive patients. The results also showed that there was no significant difference between the mean mental rumination, anxiety and worry of the clients in the first experimental group (metacognitive) and the second experimental group (self-compassion) in the sense that metacognitive education and compassion are equal. They can reduce mental rumination, anxiety and worry. When obsessive-compulsive patients become aware of their skills, talents, feelings, beliefs, attitudes, and cognitive and social abilities, and thus overcome their mental rumination, anxiety, and worry, they perform well and by doing Assignments at the right time and with the right quality gain experience in treatment success.

The aim of this study was to predict vulnerability to stress based on personality traits and resilience in women victims of domestic violence in Kermanshah. The present research is applied in terms of purpose and is a descriptive-survey correlational research method. The statistical population of the study consists of all marginalized women in Kermanshah. Using cluster sampling method, 156 people were selected as the sample. The NEO-FFI by Costa and McCray (1985) and the Connor and Davidson (2003) resilience scale were distributed among them. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data in this study according to the research hypothesis. The results showed that personality traits and resilience in women victims of violence can predict their vulnerability to stress. Therefore, it is suggested that in the suburbs due to many problems such as poverty and addiction, women should be given more social support and resilience skills should be taught to reduce vulnerability to stress.

This study was conducted to predict social competence and subjective well-being based on psychological capitals with mediating role of life satisfaction in Sarpolezahab youth female.
The statistical population of the present study included all girls and women aged 18-35 years in Sarpol-e Zahab city in 1401 that included 7000 people and 364 of them were selected based on Cochran's formula. In this study, the questionnaires of social competence of Parandin (2006), Keyes and Magyarmo's subjective well-being (2003), Luthans' psychological capital (2007) and life satisfaction with Diener et al. (1985) were used.
The results showed a significant and positive correlation between all variables (p <0.05). The results showed that psychological capitals directly explained 43.10% (p=0.0001, β=0.431) and indirect 26.50% (p=0.0001, β=0.265) of social competency variance. The results also showed that psychological assets directly explained 79.70% (p=0.0001, β=0.797), and indirect 16.00% (p=0.0001, β = 0.160), of subjective well-being variance. Psychological capitals also explained 30% of life satisfaction (p=0.0001, β = 0.300), life satisfaction (p=0.501, β = 0.855), and social competence (p=0.0001, β = 0.534) of variance of subjective well-being.
In conclusions, psychological capitals directly explained the variance of social competence and subjective well-being in young girls of Sarpol-e Zahabi through life satisfaction.

ntroduction:

 Breast cancer is the most important and common disease among women, which has the second highest mortality rate after lung cancer, so this research aims to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy group on resilience, social adaptation of women with cancer. It was the chest.

The current research was semi-experimental, using a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The study sample was selected by available sampling from among 113 women with breast cancer in Kermanshah city in 2017, 30 patients were selected and randomly assigned to two groups of 15 people, test and control. The intervention group underwent 10 90-minute group therapy sessions for two months; And the control group did not receive any treatment. Ahmadi social adjustment questionnaire (1369) was used as an evaluation tool before and after the intervention. Data analysis was done using multivariate covariance analysis using SPSS version 24 software.

The results showed that the cognitive behavioral therapy group had a significant effect on the social adjustment of women with breast cancer, and there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05).

The results of this study indicate the usefulness of the cognitive behavioral therapy group in increasing the social adaptation of women with breast cancer; Therefore, it is recommended to use this therapeutic approach to improve the social adaptation of these patients.

The phenomenon of math disorders is an important educational problem. The expected incompetence in mathematics hinders academic performance or activities of daily living, and the resulting problems go beyond disorders related to any sensory or neurological impairment. The risk of expressive language and mixed language disorders is higher in children with math disorders than in other children, leading to anxiety and academic failure. On the other hand, one of the reasons for students' failure in various exams is high anxiety. They have been unable to regulate their emotions, and all of these factors ultimately lead to the lack of development of these children. As achievable capabilities, executive functions can affect the emotional self–regulation ability and control of test anxiety. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of executive function training in regulating excitement and test anxiety in female students with math learning disabilities.

The research method was quasi–experimental with a pretest–posttest design with a control group. The statistical population comprised all female students with learning disabilities referred to the Rehabilitation Training Center for Special Learning Disabilities in Islamabad Gharb City, Kermanshah Province, Iran, in 2019. They had learning disabilities in mathematics based on their counseling and psychological records. Their number was 112. Among the female students with math disorders, 30 eligible students were selected by available sampling method. Then, they were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The inclusion criteria were being a girl, having normal intelligence, and having a math disorder. The exclusion criteria were low intelligence score, learning disability, and not attending all sessions. For collecting data, we used Iran Mathematical Test Key–Math (Mohammadesmaeil and Hooman 2002), the Affective Style Questionnaire (Hofmann and Kashdan, 2010), and Test Anxiety Inventory (Abolghasemi, 1996). The intervention group received "executive function training" for 10 weeks. During this period, the control group did not receive any intervention. After the end of the intervention, the relevant training course was held in the same center as the control group. The research data were analyzed with descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent t test, Fisher exact test, multivariate and univariate covariance analysis) at a significance level 0.05 in SPSS version 24.

The results showed that executive functions training had a significant effect on improving emotional self–regulation ability (p<0.001) and reducing test anxiety (p=0.002) of students with math learning disabilities in the experimental group.

Teaching executive functions in schools is very effective in solving problems of emotional self–regulation ability and reducing test anxiety of students with math learning disabilities, and its use is recommended to teachers and school counselors.

The current study compared the ffectiveness of schema-based couple therapy and cognitive behavioral couple therapy on the main maladaptive schemas of Kermanshah divorce seeking women. The current study had a semi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design and control group. The statistical population consists of Kermanshah city residents who visited counseling services in the second half of 1400 and were divorcing. 45 individuals who voluntarily signed up to take part in this course were chosen at random and divided into two experimental and control groups depending on the requirements for entering and leaving the study. The research instrument featured Young's Primary Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (YSQ-SF). The interventions of the two groups were carried out in groups for 8 sessions of 90 minutes and twice a week. Data were analyzed with SPSS-26 software and statistical tests of univariate analysis of covariance and Benferoni post hoc test with a probability value of 0.05. The results showed that schema-based couple therapy and cognitive-behavioral couple therapy were significantly effective on the initial incompatible schemas of women applying for divorce compared to the control group (P<0.05). Also, no significant difference was observed between the two treatments (P=1). According to the research results, it can be said that these treatment methods can be used in counseling and family psychotherapy environments.

The purpose of the current research is to predict vulnerability to stress based on personality traits, source of control, social support and resilience of elderly residents in a nursing home in Kermanshah. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey research method of correlation type. The statistical population of the research is made up of all the elderly living in the nursing home of Kermanshah city. The number of these elderly people is 770, and 256 people were selected as a sample using the simple random sampling method and Cochran's sample size formula and questionnaires (Sayed Khorasani and Sedkiani's stress syndrome scale (1377), NEO-FFI short form (NEO-FFI), Costa and McCree (1985), control scale (internal-external), Rutter (1967), support scale Social (SS-A) Wax, Phillips, Holley, Thomson, Williams and Stewart (1986), Connor and Davidson (2003) Resilience Scale were distributed among them. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data in this research according to the research hypothesis. The results showed that vulnerability to stress can predict personality traits, locus of control, social support and resilience of the elderly. Therefore, it is suggested that they receive more social support in the elderly centers and resiliency skills should be taught to the elderly in order to reduce the vulnerability of the elderly to stress.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy with acceptance and commitment based therapy on quality of life and emotion regulation of women victims of domestic violence in Kermanshah. The research design of this study was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population consists of women victims of domestic violence in Kermanshah who referred to counseling centers in 2021. Among those who had voluntarily registered through the call to participate in this course, 45 people were randomly selected in the experimental and control groups based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study. The research instruments were the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. The interventions of the two groups were performed in groups for 8 sessions of 90 minutes twice a week. Data were analyzed using SPSS-26 software and statistical tests of univariate analysis of covariance and Benferoni post hoc test with a probability value of 0/05. The results showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and therapy based on acceptance and commitment to the control group were significantly effective on quality of life and emotion regulation of women victims of domestic violence (P<0.05). Also, no significant difference was observed between the two treatments (P=1). According to the research results, it can be said that these treatment methods can be used in family counseling and psychotherapy environments.

Infertility and lack of reproduction of spouses is one of the important reasons for increasing marital conflicts and reducing sexual intimacy between couples. Among the third wave of psychology therapies is acceptance, commitment, and compassion therapy, which helps people deal with the issues in their lives in a proper way. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy and compassion based treatment on marital conflicts and sexual intimacy of infertile couples in Kermanshah. This research is a quasi-experimental type. The statistical population of the present study includes all infertile couples in Kermanshah who have referred to the infertility treatment clinics of Motazedi Hospital in Kermanshah annually and have shown the available type using pre-test, post-test design with control group and sampling method. It is found that couple therapy based on acceptance and commitment and couple therapy based on compassion at a significant level (p≤0.01) has been effective in increasing sexual intimacy. Also, at a significant level (p≤0.01), comparing the difference between the mean effectiveness of commitment therapy based on commitment and acceptance and couple therapy based on compassion, did not show a significant effect on marital conflicts.

The aim of this research is to predict the tension results from Coronavirus based on resilience and psychological well-being among patients with Covid-19 in Kermanshah. The present study has a functional goal and descriptive – correlational research methodology. The statistical population of it includes the patients with Covid-19 from the first of Bahman 1399 to the end of Farvardin 1400. The sample size was 150 people who were selected according to the criteria of the conventional method. Data collection tools contained Corona Stress Scale (CSS. Salami et al 1399), the Resilience Scale (CD-RISC, Conner and Davidson, 2003), and Mental Well-being Questionnaire (keef. 1989). Person correlation Coefficient and Multiple Regression Statistical Method were used to test the research hypothesis. the results showed that the decrease in resilience rate and mental well-being among patients with Covid-19 can lead to an increase in tension among them. it is suggested that appropriate training be provided in medical to increase resilience and mental well-being to reduce the tension caused by this disease.

Positive thinking believes that positive emotions and abilities are the best factors for preventing psychological trauma. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of positivity training on anxiety tolerance, sleep quality, and resilience in older women in Kermanshah.

This semi-experimental study was performed based on a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the current study was all older women in Kermanshah. Thirty women were selected using the convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups (15=experimental group and 15=control group). Data were collected using the distress tolerance scale, sleep quality scale, and Neill and Dias’s resilience scale. First, a pre-test was administered to both groups, next, the positivity training was performed in the experimental group, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Then, a post-test was administered to both groups, and the data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 20.

The results of the analysis of covariance showed that positivity training had a significant effect on sleep quality and resilience in older women in Kermanshah.

This study indicated that positivity training was an effective intervention for the elderly. Due to the increase in the number of elderly people in Iran, positivity training can be effective in increasing their quality of life.

It is necessary to help students with writing disorders to recognize the factors that affect the creation of problems and improve them using different methods. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of "Executive Function Training" on emotional self-regulation and test anxiety of female students with writing disorders

The research method is quasi-experimental and pre-test, post-test with control group. The statistical population included all female students with writing disorders who referred to the Rehabilitation Training Center for Special Learning Disabilities in Islamabad West Education Department in 2019, who according to the psychological counseling file, had writing disorders. There were about 129 of them. Samples were selected from 30 people by convenience sampling method and were randomly replaced by random assignment method using lottery in 2 intervention and control groups. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, “Written Expression Test”, “Emotional Self-Regulation Questionnaire” and “Test Anxiety Inventory”. Content validity was measured by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The intervention group received "Executive Function Training" for 10 weeks. In the pre-test and post-test stages, questionnaires were completed for both intervention and control groups. During this period, the control group did not receive any intervention and after the intervention, the relevant training course was held for them in the same center. Data were analyzed in SPSS. 24. 

Significant differences were shown between the intervention and control groups in the post-test stage (P<0.01). The level of emotional self-regulation in the intervention group increased significantly compared to the control group in the post-test stage (P<0.01). In addition, the test anxiety of the intervention group was significantly reduced compared to the control group in the post-test stage (P<0.01). 

"Executive Function Training" has a positive and significant effect on the level of emotional self-regulation and test anxiety of female students with writing disorders. It is suggested that teachers use the above method to increase the level of emotional self-regulation and reduce the test anxiety of female students with writing disorders.

The aim of this study was to predict the attitude towards marital infidelity based on the components of sexual satisfaction and intimacy in couples in Kermanshah. Descriptive research is a correlational study. The statistical population of the present study included all couples who referred to counseling centers in Kermanshah in 2020-2021. The sample in the present study, according to Cochran's formula, 200 people were selected by available sampling method from counseling centers and answered the questionnaires of Mark Whitley, Larson (1988) and marital intimacy (MIS). The results obtained using multivariate regression and Pearson correlation coefficient showed that there is a negative correlation between the components of sexual satisfaction including desire for sex, sexual attitude, quality of sexual life, sexual adjustment and intimacy with the attitude of a marital infidelity in couples. And there is meaning. According to the research findings, it can be said that the higher the components of sexual satisfaction and intimacy in couples, there is a negative attitude towards marital infidelity. Therefore, considering the importance and role of the components of sexual satisfaction and intimacy in married life, the attitude to infidelity in couples can be explained.

The present study aimed to develop a structural model of Academic Well-being based on the Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies by mediating academic engagement and examining the effectiveness of the model on students' Self-directed learning. In the first stage, using a descriptive-correlational research method, 350 male and female students from the second-cycle secondary schools in the city of Kermanshah were selected by stratified random sampling method. They responded to Peterinen etal Academic Well-being, Karami Cognitive and Metacognitive Strategies and Reeve academic engagement questionnaires. The results of the structural equation analysis showed that the Variables of cognitive and metacognitive strategies have a direct and positive effect on academic engagement؛ Also, Variables of academic engagement and cognitive strategies have a direct and positive effect on academic well-being. But Metacognitive strategies variable has a direct and negative effect on academic well-being. Also, the findings show that cognitive and metacognitive strategies have indirect and positive effects on academic well-being through academic engagement. In the second stage, using a quasi-experimental research technique, 30 students were selected through a randomized cluster sampling method. Fisher etal.'s Self-directed learning questionnaires were used to measure student’s Self-directed learning. Then the educational program was implemented. The results showed that the assumed model has a positive effect on all components of self-directed learning.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic progressive disease of the central nervous system and its symptoms are fatigue and decreased functional capacity. The aim of this study was the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on emotional avoidance and mental fatigue’ dimensions in women with multiple sclerosis.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. Subjects with an age range of 20-40 years and using a scale of physical disability (EDSS) of one to four were purposefully and voluntarily selected and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. Both groups answered the Kennedy (2015) Emotional Avoidance Questionnaire and Fisk (1994) fatigue Impact scale in the pre-test and post-test stages. The experimental group received 10 sessions of acceptance and commitment treatment once a week for 1.5 hours. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS23 software and multivariate covariance analysis.

The results of multivariate covariance analysis indicated that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective in reducing emotional avoidance and cognitive fatigue in women with multiple sclerosis (P≥0.001).

Based on the results of this study, acceptance and commitment therapy can be used to reduce emotional avoidance and fatigue symptoms (physical, cognitive and social) of women with multiple sclerosis in medical centers.

Aging is a natural and sensitive period in a person’s life that is associated with a wide range of physiological and psychological changes, including the increase of irrational beliefs and the decrease of happiness. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on irrational beliefs and happiness in the elderly in Kermanshah, Iran. This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all the elderly living in Kermanshah in 2021, among whom 30 (60 to 70 years) were selected using convenience sampling and according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, and assigned randomly into experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups. The experimental group received the therapeutic intervention in eight 90-minute sessions, while the control group was placed on a waiting list for treatment in the same time. The measures used in this study included the Jones’s Irrational Beliefs and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Univariate Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) in SPSS-25 software. The results indicated that there was a significant difference between experimental and control groups in the post-test in terms of both irrational beliefs and happiness. In other words, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy caused the elderly to experience fewer irrational beliefs and more level of happiness (P<0.05). According to the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, therapists and health professionals can apply this therapeutic method for health-related interventions, especially to improve irrational beliefs and happiness in the elderly.

Domestic violence refers to any form of violence by a spouse or other family member, regardless of where it occurred. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of domestic violence against women on social vulnerability, psychological problems and depression in marginalized women in Kermanshah.

The present study was applied in terms of purpose and correlation implementation method using structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all women living in the suburbs of Kermanshah in 2021 who filed cases with counseling centers and judicial authorities to pursue domestic violence; which was selected as the sample size by available sampling method of 150 of them. Data were collected using the Domestic Violence against Women Questionnaire, the Researcher-Based Social Vulnerability Questionnaire, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Questionnaire, and the Beck Depression Inventory. In order to analyze the data, SPSS software version 25 and Amos version 23 and structural equation modeling method at 0.05 levels were used.

Findings showed that domestic violence against women has a significant effect on social vulnerability, psychological problems and depression in marginalized women (P <0.05). The goodness indicators and the calculated fit between the research variables showed that the conceptual model of the research has a good fit. (AGFI= 0/918, RMSEA= 0/031).

There was a relationship between the history of mental physical illness women and the history of domestic violence. Women with a history of domestic violence were less physically and mentally healthy than women without a history of domestic violence.

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of storytelling with emphasis on spirituality on reducing shyness and anxiety and increasing academic flexibility in primary school children in Kermanshah. In this study, a quasi-experimental research method with pre-test and post-test design with control group was used. The statistical population of this study is all female students of elementary school in Kermanshah in 1398. The sample of this study included 30 female students with shyness and anxiety criteria. In this study, three standardized Chick-Briggs Shyness Scale (1976), Spence Child Anxiety Questionnaire (2007) and Conner & Davidson (2003) Academic Flexibility Questionnaire were used. Descriptive statistics and analysis methods were used to analyze the statistical data including: frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and inferential statistics including: Multivariate and one-variable analysis of covariance at the level of 0.05 using SPSS software. 23 were used. The results showed that storytelling with emphasis on spirituality was effective in reducing shyness in preschool children and also storytelling with emphasis on spirituality was effective on reducing anxiety in preschool children and also results showed that storytelling with emphasis on spirituality was effective.