عبدالله شفیع آبادی

The aim of the present research was to investigate the phenomenological study of elderly individuals' lived experiences of the empty nest phenomenon and its coping components. Purposeful sampling was employed until data saturation was achieved, resulting in the selection of 17 participants, including 11 females and 6 males. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi's method. The research findings in the domain of lived experiences consisted of four main themes: "Existential Crisis," "Emotional Turmoil," "Interpersonal Disruption," and "Positive Experiences." Additionally, coping components with the empty nest phenomenon included "Awareness and Willingness for Adaptation," "Purposeful Growth Experience," "Escape and Empathy," and "Strengthening Connection with Existential Source." In the domain of lived experiences, the theme of "Existential Crisis" encompassed four subthemes: "Sense of Void," "Fear of Death," "Confronting Existential Anxiety," and "Confronting Loneliness." The theme of "Emotional Turmoil" comprised four subthemes: "Experience of Contradictory Emotions," "Reactive Depressive Experience," and "Diminished Pleasure in Life." The theme of "Interpersonal Disruption" included three subthemes: "Lack of Mutual Understanding in Marriage," "Experience of Marital Conflicts," and "Social Withdrawal." The theme of "Positive Experiences" covered the subthemes: "Increased Leisure Time and Autonomy" and "Improved Relationship with Spouse." Moreover, in the coping components domain, the theme of "Awareness and Willingness for Adaptation" included "Self-Reflection and Self-Reliance," the theme of "Purposeful Growth Experience" encompassed "Engagement in Intellectual and Occupational Activities," "Recontextualization," and "Increased Resilience and Endurance." The theme of "Escape and Empathy" included "Focusing on Offspring's Happiness and Satisfaction," "Assisting Similar Individuals," and "Grandparenting." The theme of "Strengthening Connection with Existential Source" comprised "Gratitude and Trust," "Enhancing Spiritual Connection," and "Engagement in Religious Activities." Psychological experiences of facing the empty nest revealed contradictory emotions and reactions. Elderly individuals experience both positive and negative aspects during this phase, utilizing both intrapersonal and interpersonal dimensions for coping with the empty nest. Therefore, it is suggested that the findings of this research be utilized in planning, preventive actions, and interventions for elderly individuals experiencing the empty nest syndrome.

The purpose of this study was to effectiveness of schema therapy on attachment styles and marital intimacy of couples in Tehran city. This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group and follow-up 2 month. In this study the statistical population was all couples of Tehran city in year 2020. In the first stage, using convenience sampling method, 30 couples were selected and then randomly divided into two group (each group 15 couples) were replaced and experimental group underwent schema therapy. To collect data attachment scale Collins (1996) and marital intimacy questionnaire (MINQ) of Bagarozzi (1997). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni). The results of the study showed that of schema therapy in post-test and follow up had a significant effect on attachment styles and marital intimacy of couples (P<0.05). This study's results have practical implications for the use of therapeutic intervention programs in which the schema therapy approach was employed to reduce marital problems. Besides, on the basis of the findings of this study, the couple therapy training programs based on schema therapy can be exploited to improve attachment styles and marital intimacy of couples.

Individuals with social anxiety disorder widely perceive online social networks as a convenient platform for social interaction, influencing their preference for online interaction over in-person engagement.The present research aimed to examine the experiences of adolescents with social anxiety disorder on Instagram. The research method used was descriptive phenomenology, conducted through semi-structured interviews with 12 adolescents until data saturation was reached. Instagram was selected as the sole platform among social networks due to its high usage rate and relevance. The study population consisted of male adolescents aged 15 to 18 from Tehran who were users of the Instagram app and had social anxiety disorder. Sampling in this research was done through purposeful sampling using the LaGreca Social Anxiety Scale (1999). Data analysis was carried out using the seven-step Colaizzi method. The findings related to adolescents' experiences were categorized into two core themes: "Restorative Experiences" and "Harmful Experiences." Restorative experiences encompassed four main codes: "establishing connections and maintaining friendships," "emotional regulation," "receiving mental health-related information," and "assisting in social identity formation." The core code for Harmful Experiences included "negative comparisons and evaluations," "undermining social competencies," and "weakening of personality." Adolescents with social anxiety disorder have varied positive and negative experiences on social networks. Mental health professionals can utilize the findings of this research to develop strategies and interventions tailored to adolescents' experiences

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of treatment based on the acceptance and commitment approach (ACT) with reality therapy on marital cohesion in conflicted couples in the post-corona era. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the present study was all conflicted couples who were referred to clinics and counseling centers in the 20th district of Tehran in 2022. 45 people were selected purposefully and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The research tool was Samani Marital Coherence (MCQ, 2002). Treatment intervention based on acceptance and commitment approach (ACT) and reality therapy was implemented in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, twice a week as a group for the first and second experimental groups. The data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the post-test and the follow-up groups of the test and evidence of marital cohesion (P<0.05) and acceptance and commitment therapy was significantly more effective than reality therapy on the marital cohesion of conflicted couples in the post-corona period and between the two treatments, A significant difference was observed (P<0.05). Therefore, it can be said that the acceptance and commitment approach (ACT) was more effective than reality therapy in increasing marital cohesion in conflicted couples.

Personality traits and career path adaptability play a key role in nurses' job performance. The aim of the present study was the role of personality traits in the job performance of nurses with the mediation of career path adaptability.

The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population was the nurses of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The sample size of 220 nurses was selected by non-random (voluntary) sampling method. The data collection tools were Neo's (1985) personality traits questionnaires, Savikas and Profili's career path adaptability (2012) and Patterson's job performance (1970). Data analysis was done using SPSS and AMOS software version 24.

All the direct paths between personality traits and job performance and career path adaptability are significant. Also, the results of the Sobel test showed that the indirect paths of personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion and openness) and job performance of nurses with the mediation of career path adaptability were significant (P≤0.05). The model has a good fit.

Personality traits and career path adaptability are strong variables related to job performance. This means that nurses who have favorable personality traits and career path adaptability are expected to have better job performance.

Empty nest syndrome (SEN) in Iranian older adults is becoming an important social phenomenon. Although it is not a clinical disorder, it can affect a person’s life and lead to depression, alcoholism, marital conflicts, and identity crisis. This study aims to explore the lived experiences of older adults with SEN in Iran.

This is a qualitative phenomenological study. Participants were 17 older adults with a mean age of 65.7 years (6 males and 11 females) suffering from ENS in Tehran, Iran, in 2022. Sampling was done purposefully and until reaching theoretical saturation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data regarding lived experiences.

Six main themes (existential crisis, emotional turmoil, cognitive disorientation, functional decline, disruption in interpersonal relationships, and satisfaction with the transition period) and 23 sub-themes were extracted.

Understanding of Iranian older adults’ experiences of ENS can provide valuable insights to gerontologists and practitioners in fields of psychology, counseling, and social work to develop future interventions for these older adults and enhance their quality of life.

Due to the psychological distress and negative emotions during this period, such as the feeling of failure in the turbulences, stresses and pressures of life, the elderly face more challenges. Their lives will be Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of developing a distress tolerance model in the elderly based on perceived support, experiential avoidance and spiritual intelligence with the mediating role of mindfulness. The research method was descriptive and correlation type, which was done in the form of path analysis. The statistical population of the present study was the elderly of Tehran between the ages of 65 and 80, of which 300 were selected using available sampling. The data collection tools in this research are Perceived Social Support Scale (1988), King's Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (2008), Simmons and Gaher's Distress Tolerance Scale (2005), Brown and Ryan's Mindfulness Scale (2003) and the Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire by Gomes and colleagues (2011). The resulting data were analyzed at the descriptive level using mean and standard deviation and at the inferential level using correlation test and regression analysis and path analysis to investigate the role of mediator, using SPSS and AMOS software. The results indicated that the model for developing distress tolerance in the elderly has an acceptable fit. This shows that the variables of perceived support, experiential avoidance and spiritual intelligence are directly related to distress tolerance. The relationship between mindfulness and distress tolerance is directly significant, and also the indirect effect of perceived support, experiential avoidance, and spiritual intelligence with distress tolerance with the mediation of mindfulness is significant (P<0.05). The results indicate that perceived support, experiential avoidance and spiritual intelligence with the mediating role of mindfulness are very important and effective in coping with the distress of the elderly.

  One of the most challenging issues that can happen to people in their lifetime today is the experience of love failure, which is mainly associated with various negative consequences. The aim of the current research was to identify the factors that affect love failure. For this purpose, the systematic review method was used. In this section, the community included all domestic and international written sources (printed/electronic) on the experience of love failure, which could be retrieved and accessed through domestic and foreign databases. After determining the inclusion criteria (published from 2000 to now; studies that were published in a reputable journal and had full text; experimental and review studies) and screening and evaluation of articles, 37 studies were selected. With the systematic review of the background of the research and based on the systematic review, personality characteristics, attachment style and maladaptive schemas as three important individual factors, parenting patterns as an important family factor and perceived social support as an important factor. social influence on the experience of love failure were identified. Based on the results of this research, it is necessary to pay attention to the identified individual, family and social variables in the design of interventions and programs that are designed for the prevention or treatment of emotional failure. The effect and role of each of these variables on emotional failure was discussed.

The present study aimed to study the predicting model of borderline personality based on complex trauma and object relation with mediating role of ego strength in conflicting couples. Method was descriptive-correlational. Population was all refereeing couples to counseling and psychological clinics in 2021 in Tehran. Using multi cluster sampling and cutting point >75 in MCMI-3, 205 participants with borderline and inclusion criteria were selected and completed the questionnaires of Markstorm and et al, s (1997) PIES, Milon-3, s (1997) MCMI-3, Bell's (1995) BORI, Borneshtian & et al, s (2003) CTQ. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and SEM. There is a positive and significant relationship between trauma and borderline and there is a negative and significant relationship between ego strength and borderline (p<0.01). The results of SEM showed that the prediction Model of borderline based on complex trauma and object relation with mediating role of ego strength is fit (p<0.01). Ego strength effect on borderline through moderating object relation and effacing the dimension of cognitive and emotional of childhood trauma. Therefore, it was suggested, pay attention to trauma, object relation in etiology and therapy of borderline, and promote ego strength by training and counseling.

Resilience as the human capacity to overcome or adapt to adverse life situations has been widely given special attention in recent years.  The main purpose of this research was to investigate the model of academic resilience model based on media literacy and innovative thinking with the mediating role of regulating academic emotions.  The present research method was based on a quantitative strategy and descriptive-correlation technique. The statistical population of the current research was all the students of the universities of Kermanshah in the academic year 1400-1401 with a population of 34676 people. For this purpose, 335 students (193 women, 142 men) were randomly selected and answered the questionnaires of Phalsafi Media Literacy (2013), Innovative Thinking of Morad (2021), Regulation of Academic Emotions by Pekrun (2002), and Academic Resilience by Samuels (2004). The structural equation method was used for data analysis.  The structural equation modeling analysis indicated the acceptable fit of the model with the data. Also, the research findings showed that media literacy and innovative thinking have a direct effect on academic resilience. Also, these two variables predict academic resilience indirectly through the regulation of academic emotions. Therefore, to improve the academic resilience of students, it is necessary to focus on media literacy and innovative thinking and improve the regulation of their academic emotions.

This research aimed to investigate the lived experiences of elderly individuals in relation to the empty nest phenomenon. A combined methodological approach was utilized for this qualitative study, employing a phenomenological method. Participants were purposefully selected using a targeted sampling method until theoretical saturation was reached. Ultimately, 17 elderly individuals residing in empty nests were chosen to undergo in-depth interviews. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive phenomenological analysis. The empirical exploration of participants' experiences in confronting an empty nest led to the identification of eight main themes and 25 sub-themes: 1) Sobriety and adaptation (self-reflection and reliance on personal capabilities), 2) Self-care (engaging in pleasurable and health-promoting activities, receiving psychological services, and engaging in mindfulness exercises), 3) Attitudinal changes (revising perspectives on separation from children and nurturing hope for future reunions), 4) Emotional regulation strategies (accepting emotions related to separation, reevaluating memories, journaling thoughts and feelings, avoiding cognitive rumination, and learning from peer experiences), 5) Strengthening social bonds (determination to improve communication, perception of network support, utilizing support from family and parents, participating in collective activities, and maintaining connections and obtaining information about children), 6) Purposeful growth experience (resuming scholarly and cultural activities, reinterpreting life's meaning, and enhancing resilience and adaptability), 7) Focusing on self-fulfillment (prioritizing happiness and satisfaction for their children and assisting individuals with similar issues), and 8) Enhancing spiritual connections and engaging in religious activities (expressing gratitude, relying on faith, and participating in religious and spiritual activities).

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of positive couple couple therapy group training and integrated behavioral approach on empathy and intimacy of infertile couples. The research method was quasi-experimental or pre-test, post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of the study includes all infertile couples who referred to counseling and treatment centers in Shiraz in 2019, among whom 45 were selected by purposive sampling method and based on the convenience sampling method from the referring couples. Were randomly assigned to three groups of 15 individuals. Christensen et al.'s (2010) behavioral-integrated couple therapy program was performed in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the positive couple therapy program of Rashid and Seligman (2013) was performed in 8 sessions of 90 minutes weekly but the control group did not receive any intervention. All three groups answered the Juliet and Farrington (2006) empathy questionnaires and Walker and Thompson (1983) marital intimacy questionnaires in pre-test, post-test and follow-up. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance using SPSS.22 software. The results showed that both therapies could improve empathy (F= 107.92, P<0.001), and marital intimacy (F= 116.81, P<0.001), but Positive group education had a greater effect on research variables (P<0.01). It can be concluded that group training of positive couple therapy and integrated behavioral approach is effective on empathy and intimacy of infertile couples and can be effective in improving the problems of infertile couples.

Considering the complexity and importance of borderline personality disorder as well as the relatively high prevalence rate of this disorder in the society, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder.

The method of this quasi-experimental research and the design used to examine the hypotheses in this research was a pre-test-post-test design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of this research was made up of all people with borderline personality disorder who visited two counseling centers in one area of Tehran in 2020. 30 people with borderline personality disorder were selected by purposive sampling method and then these people were placed in two groups of 15 people (emotional treatment experimental group and control group) by matching method. The experimental group received 12 sessions of 120 minutes on a weekly basis and the control group did not receive the treatment. The tool for collecting information in this research was the borderline personality questionnaire (Leichsenring, 1999). Due to the quantitative nature of the research, data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics methods (analysis of covariance test).

The findings showed that the observed F value for the borderline personality and its dimensions in the adjusted model (by adjusting the pre-test effect) for the whole scale, identity confusion, primary defense mechanism, reality testing, fear of intimacy and borderline personality respectively, is equal to: 33.275, 8.123, 7.902, 10.025 and 72.865. Moreover, its significance level (sig) is equal to 0.000, which indicates the existence of a significant difference between the post-test score in the experimental group and the control group, so the main effect of the group variable is significant, which means that emotion-oriented treatment is effective in the treatment of patients with borderline personality.

Therefore, it can be concluded that emotion-oriented therapy can be a useful method for treating patients with borderline personality disorders, so it is suggested that specialists benefit from it in their work

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting family continuity among infertile couples with marital satisfaction. The statistical population of the study included  infertile couples with marital satisfaction in Isfahan and the the sample was selected based on the process of saturation, including 9 infertile couples with marital satisfaction whose ideas were questioned through a semi-structured interview….after completing the Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (ENRICH).The obtained data were analyzed using a qualitative method based on data analysis in the field theory method. Based on the key findings from interviews with infertile couples with marital satisfaction, continuing family factors include personal factors, religious beliefs, financial independence, family support, similar beliefs, counseling, successful sex, lack of childbearing priority, negative attitude toward divorce, attention to Other aspects of life, are involuntary marriage, relationship management, and difficult acceptance. It is expected that paying attention to these factors in forming a family and creating or strengthening them in the life of infertile couples will increase marital satisfaction and life expectancy

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of reality therapy on attachment, intimacy and marital satisfaction of couples with marital conflicts. The research method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design and a two-month follow-up phase and follow-up period in two months. The statistical population of the present study included couples with marital conflicts who referred to the Zharfa and Ravan Parvaz counseling center in the 3rd district of Tehran in the first six months of 2020. 30 couples (60 people) were selected through purposive sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (15 couples in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). After dropping, the final sample number was 25 couples (13 couples in the experimental group and 12 couples in the control group). The experimental group received reality therapy (14 sessions) during 14 weeks (90 minutes). The applied questionnaires in this study included marital conflict questionnaire (Barati, 1996), marital intimacy questionnaire (Bagarouzi, 2001), Adult attachment scale (Collins, Read, 1990) and marital satisfaction (Olson, 1996). The results showed that reality therapy is effective on the avoidant attachment style, anxious and secure, marital intimacy and marital satisfaction of the couples with marital conflicts. According to the findings of the present study, schema the reality therapy rapy can be used as an efficient approach to improve attachment, intimacy and marital satisfaction of couples with marital conflicts through focusing on the present time, avoid inconsistent criticism and training accountability.

The present study aimed to study the predicting model of OCD personality based on complex trauma and object relation with mediating role of ego strength in conflicting couples. Method was correlation. Population was all refereeing couples to counseling and psychological clinics in 2021 in Tehran. Using multi cluster sampling and cutting point >75 in MCMI-3, 209 participants with OCD and inclusion criteria were selected and completed the questionnaires of Mark storm and et al, s (1997) PIES, Milon-3, s (1997) MCMI-3, Bell's (1995) BORI, Borneshtian & et al, s (2003) CTQ. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and SEM. The results indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between trauma and OCD and there is a negative and significant relationship between ego strength and OCD (p

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of matrix group therapy on the cognitive regulation of emotion, coping strategies, and relapse in methamphetamine-dependent people. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all methamphetamine addicts in Miandooab City in 2019. 30 people from the above society were selected according to the entry and exit criteria through targeted sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received Matrix group therapy during 14 sessions of 90 minutes (one session per week). The research tools included the Emotion Cognitive Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) by Gross and John (2003), Coping Strategies (WOCQ) by Lazarus and Folkman (1985), and the Predictive Return Scale (PRC) by Wright (1993). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that by controlling the pre-test effect, there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of cognitive regulation of emotion, coping strategies, and relapse (p<0.05). Therefore, matrix group therapy has been an efficient method to increase cognitive emotion regulation, and coping strategies and reduce relapse in methamphetamine-dependent people.

Discussing remote work and home quarantine of both working couples during the Corona period and studying their lived experiences can play an effective role in the knowledge and development of the literature on the employment of both working couples, especially the employment of women as remote work.The purpose of the current research was to identify the threats and opportunities of remote work for both working couples during the outbreak of Corona.

The present research method was qualitative using descriptive phenomenological method. The statistical population included teleworking couples, both employed, who had referred to counseling centers in Kerman. Among these, interviews were conducted with the couples using the available targeted sampling method, and the interviews continued until the theoretical saturation was reached. Qualitative data were collected using descriptive phenomenological method and semi-structured interview. Then the data was analyzed using the content analysis method.

The results of content analysis of data collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews showed that the lived experience of both working couples included two sub-themes of threats and opportunities, which sub-themes of opportunities are divided into the following categories: reducing wasted time, flexibility in allocating time, increasing ability Planning, peace of mind due to lack of direct supervision, cost savings, greater independence, stress reduction and burnout. Also, the sub-theme of threats included the following categories: procrastination, lack of focus on work, lack of focus on marital relationship, social isolation, ambiguity in responsibilities, reduced motivation for work, reduced work productivity, reduced efficiency of group work, ambiguity in roles, ambiguity In the time dedicated to responsibilities, the reduction of social bonding and perceived social support.

Finally, according to the results, solutions were presented in the fields of research, management and family.

The purpose of this research was the effectiveness of family enrichment model for work on marital satisfaction, job satisfaction and work-family conflict of married female managers.

The present study was a semi-experimental study with an experimental and control group and a pre-test-post-test design with a six-month follow-up. The statistical population included all 150 married female managers working in the headquarters department of Persian Bank in Tehran in 2021, who along with their spouses were willing to participate in training sessions. The number of sample members was 30 couples who were replaced by random sampling in two experimental and control groups (15 couples in the experimental group and 15 couples in the control group). The experimental group was subjected to the intervention of the family enrichment model for the work of Makipour et al (2021) for 9 sessions of 90 minutes. Both groups were evaluated in the three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up by Enrich marital satisfaction questionnaires (1989), Minnesota job satisfaction scale (1943) and Rostgarkhald's work-family conflict scalhe (2002). Data were analyzed using repeated measures mixed analysis of variance.

The results indicate the effect of family enrichment intervention for work on the score of marital satisfaction (P < 0.05, F = 6.07) and job satisfaction (P < 0.05, F = 60.32) in female managers, as well as the score Work-family conflict (P < 0.05, F = 8.17), marital satisfaction (P < 0.05, F = 18.53) and job satisfaction (P < 0.05, F = 69.72) in Spouses and lack of effect of family enrichment intervention for work on work-family conflict score (P < 0.05, F = 0.95) in female managers and the stability of these results was in the follow-up phase.

Considering the results obtained from the research, organizational managers can benefit from the educational model of family enrichment for work as an effective intervention method to improve the marital and job satisfaction of married female managers and couples and reduce the work-family conflict of both working couples.

The family as an ancient institution has been the focus of many people since the distant past, and many thinkers and researchers have devoted a large part of their studies to the family. The collapse of this institution is a serious threat to the entire social system, and according to this, today, most of the macro-policies in the field of the family are aimed at protecting families from damage and collapse. Therefore, the purpose of the current research is to explain the family breakdown prevention model.

The current research is a qualitative and quantitative research, which was first identified through interviews, and in the quantitative part of the research, quantitative modeling of the components was done to provide a model for the prevention of family breakdown. The statistical population of the research includes counselors, psychologists, university professors, counseling experts and some couples applying for divorce who were purposefully selected as the statistical population. Saturation theory was used to determine the sample size in the qualitative part of the research, and random sampling was used in the quantitative part, and finally 378 completed questionnaires were collected. The tools of this research for its qualitative part include researcher-made interviews and for the quantitative part it includes researcher-made questionnaires. SPSS and AMOS software were used for statistical analysis of quantitative research data.

The obtained findings indicate that all the components obtained from the interview (emphasis on continuous education, economic strengthening, legal support for a healthy life, skill training and skill enhancement, continuous moral reproduction, cultural immunity, healthy lifestyle, rational choice, strengthening internal bonds of members, mutual trust building, family orientation and effective intervention) are effective on the process of preventing family breakup, and the drawing model of the family breakup prevention model based on these findings has a good fit.

It can be concluded that the drawing model of the current research can be used as a model to explain the prevention of the collapse of the family system.

It is important to pay attention to personality traits and psychological capitals in nurses' job stress. The purpose of the research was the role of personality traits in the psychological capital of nurses with the mediating role of o job stress.

The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population was nurses of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The sample size of 220 people was selected by voluntary sampling. The tools of data collection were questionnaires of personality traits, psychological capital and job stress. Data analysis was done using Pearson's correlation test and structural equation model with SPSS and AMOS software version 24.

Pearson's correlation test showed that there is a significant relationship between personality traits, psychological capital and job stress. Also, the results of the Sobel test showed that job stress plays a mediating role between personality traits and psychological capital (P≥0.05).

Nurses who have favorable personality traits and psychological capital are expected to have low job stress.

The negative effects of having a child with special needs is accompanied by a lot of tension and causes a lot of psychological damage to the family, especially the mother as the main caregiver. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and existential therapy in a group manner on the psychological functioning of mothers with exceptional children.

It was a semi-experimental research and its design was pre-test-post-test and 3-month follow-up with a control group. The statistical population included all mothers with exceptional children in the elementary school of Qarchak city of Tehran. 36 people were selected with the purposeful sampling method and replaced by randomization in three groups of 12 people. Therapeutic interventions were applied during 8 sessions (one session of 60 minutes per week) for the experimental groups, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Demographic information checklist and general health questionnaire (Goldberg & Putnam, 1972) were used to collect data. Data analysis with descriptive statistics, test of parametric statistical assumptions and analysis of variance with repeated measurements were used with the help of SPSS version 24 statistical software.

The results showed that the psychological function, physical symptoms, mood problems, anxiety and insomnia and social skills of the experimental groups have significantly improved compared to the control group and this improvement It remained stable in the follow-up phase (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that there is no significant difference between the usefulness of the two intervention methods, existentialism and cognitive-behavioral methods, in the post-test and follow-up stages (P<0.05)Conclusion, The findings show that these intervention methods can be used to improve the social-emotional condition of mothers with exceptional children as effective intervention methods

Working children are part of the future capital and hopes of the country, which in the best days of their lives have to strive for livelihood. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors that cause and expand the harm of employment of working children in Tehran and to investigate its complications. This study was conducted with a qualitative approach, based on the data-based method and with a semi-structured interview tool. Targeted sampling was of 14 working children in Tehran. The results of the analysis of the interviews led to the identification of 40 open codes, 7 central codes and the selected code "working child, neglect of hope-making future".According to the findings, the factors affecting the creation and increase of working children included factors such as poor differentiation and physical disability, lack of parental care and support for the child, poverty and lack of support for low-income families. . Some effects of this injury were also identified, including weakened self-concept, running away from home, workplace abuse, and a predisposition to delinquency. It is hoped that with deeper studies of the employment dimensions of working children and the use of effective strategies, the path of growth and prosperity of these children will be paved and we will not see any violation of human rights in any child in the world.

Cosmetic surgery is a common phenomenon in recent decades, and the motivation to seek cosmetic surgery is based on a combination of psychological, emotional, and personality factors. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral emotion-oriented behavioral therapy with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on body image and cognitive emotion regulation of adolescent girls.

 The population of the study consisted of all female high school students in Tehran in the academic year 1398-97. In a quasi-experimental design of this community, two high schools were selected using multi-stage sampling; 45 students were eligible to enter the study (performing preoperative initial procedures). From this community, 30 students were selected based on the cluster sampling method and were randomly matched into two experimental groups and one control group. 

Research tools:

multidimensional Body – Self Relations Questionnaire: Used. This questionnaire has 46 articles. The validity of the subscales ranging from alpha ranged from 0.83 to 0.92, indicating a high level of internal consistency. A body was obtained which indicates the reliability of a satisfactory test trial on this scale. Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire: This version includes 9 subscales, representing 9 cognitive emotion regulation strategies that are divided into two categories adaptive and maladaptive; Each of the four items of this questionnaire consists of two items that are graded on a Likert scale from (1) never to (5) always. The total score of each subscale is obtained by adding the score of the items. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha range was 0.76 to 0.96) and retest (with correlation range of 0.51 to 0.77) and validity of the questionnaire through principal component analysis using Varimax rotation correlation between subscales (with correlation range of 32 / 0 to 0.67) and the validity of the desired criterion has been reported. 

The results showed that both cognitive-behavioral therapies focused on emotion and mindfulness in improving body image and cognitive emotion regulation. Female adolescents requesting cosmetic surgery were effective (p <0.05). But there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of these two treatments on the mentioned variables (p> 0.05).

Based on the findings, it said that the application of both therapeutic approaches is effective in Improving body image and better cognitive emotion regulation as well as treatment.

The present study aimed to developed a model for preventing family collapse based on the knowledge and experience of some experts and couples applying for the divorce. The research method was qualitative with the grounded theory technique. The results were obtained based on three stages of coding with more than 205 meaningful propositions, 404 corresponding concepts, 35 sub-categories, 12 main categories, and one core category. The 12 categories obtained include an emphasis on continuous education, economic strengthening, legal support for a healthy life, skill training and skill enhancement, continuous moral reproduction, cultural immunity, healthy lifestyle, rational choice, strengthening the internal links of members, building mutual trust, family orientation, and effective intervention. Abstracting these categories in the selective coding stage obtained a core category called " Prevention of family collapse leads to the consequences of strengthening internal bonds, healthy lifestyle and family orientation due to mutual trust building, continuous moral reproduction in the context of economic strengthening, the effective intervention of culture, rationality with educational and skill strategies combined with legal protection of healthy life "which can cover all the topics of the participants.