علی خالقیان

Obesity is known to have metabolic complications including insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic disorder. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two traditional 12-week circular resistance training methods on the levels of branched and aromatic amino acids and insulin resistance of overweight and obese men.

The current research method is of the clinical trial type, with Thirty-three overweight and obese men with mean and standard deviation of age, weight and body mass index were 17.7±0.13 years, 92±2.45 kg and 30.70±32 1.32 kg / m2, respectively. They were selected and randomly divided into three groups: circular resistance training (n= 11), traditional resistance training (n= 11) and control (n= 11). The training program consisted of two traditional resistance training protocols and 12-week wave circuits that were exactly the same volume; Which was run three times a week. Blood sampling was performed 48 hours before and after the training protocol and after 8 hours of fasting. HPLC was used to measure serum levels of amino acids.

The results of analysis of variance in the groups showed that circuit training more than 2 times compared to traditional training reduces total BCAAs (35.9 vs. 15.5%) and AAAs in serum (19.5 vs. 9%) and equally the level of insulin resistance. (23 and 26.7 percent, respectively) reduced the door in overweight and obese young men.

The results of this study showed that the level of changes in circular resistance training was higher than traditional. Circular resistance training may be able to prevent obesity-related metabolic disorders.

The role of fats as a source of energy at low and moderate intensities is well known. Physical activity can affect non-triglyceride metabolism such as sphingolipids. Considering the spread of metabolic diseases and the role of sphingolipid metabolites and enzymes related to them, investigating the effect of sports activities on the production of sphingolipids can be a special treatment strategy for these complications. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of two different intensities of circuit resistance training on plasma S1P, red blood cell, and platelet and HDL levels in young men. The statistical population of the present study were young male students aged 19-22, non-athletes. The one-session activity instruction included three consecutive rounds of circuit resistance training at 10 stations. Considering the effect of intensity and duration of activity on the amount of stimulation and duration of release of sphingolipids from production sources, especially red blood cells, the variables were measured in 3 time intervals: before, immediately after, and 24 hours after training. HPLC method was used to measure the samples. Normal data were analyzed using the analysis of variance test for repeated measures at the significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that the interaction between training groups and measurement times was not statistically significant. The amount of erythrocyte s1p changed significantly during the measurement times (p = 0.018). S1p levels in platelets, erythrocytes, and HDL did not show any significant effect at the measurement times. In both training groups, platelet s1p levels increased after training. In the 20% training group, the amount of s1p HDL increased after training. This increasing trend continued until 24 hours after training. Circuit-type resistance training will be effective in changing the levels of sphingolipids in plasma and their production sources.

Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of death from cancer. Given that existing treatments for it, but the high cost and side effects, have not demonstrated full efficacy and rely on traditional medicine and medicinal plants due to the antioxidant activity of Provskia abrotanoides, this study was performed to investigate the effects of the plant extract in improving gastric cancer.

In this exprimantal study, Perovskia abrotanoides, collected and after certified specialists from the Center for Applied Science of Jahad Keshavarzi in Semnan, was extracted dry. Human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line MKN 45 was bought from the toxicity of herbal medicine on cancer cells MKN45 were investigated by using the test MTT (dimethylthiazol diphenyl tetrazolium bromide). The antioxidant properties of the hydroalcoholic extracts were evaluated by two in vitro tests, DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power (FRAP). Wound healing and morphological modification were performed in vitro to examine migration and adhesion in the gastric cancer cell line by invert microscopy.

The results showed that with increasing concentration of the extract of Perovskia abrotanoides, with a significant relationship, the percentage of remaining living cells of MKN45, had fallen (P˂0.001).At all concentrations of 10, 50 and 100 micrograms per ml of extract, with a significant correlation was equal with the antioxidant properties of 10 micrograms per ml vitamin C (P˂0.001). The the hydroalcoholic extracts showed considerable cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines (IC50 = 10 μg・mL−1). It was found that the proliferation rate of MKN-45 cells decreased after treatment with the extracts in a dosedependent way.

The results of this study showed that the Perovskia abrotanoides extract had high cytotoxic effect on gastric cancer cells (MKN45); and the percentage of lethality, with the passage of time and with increased concentration had risen.

The use of L-asparaginase as a chemotherapeutic agent is an effective strategy for the treatment of leukemic lymphoblasts. Since the use of bacterial L-asparaginase causes side effects due to hypersensitivity reactions, search for new enzyme sources is one of the active research areas. In this study, the characterization of produced L-asparaginase by indigenous yeast strains was investigated.

In this study, 130 yeast strains were evaluated. Remarkably, AG90 isolate with 0.94 IU/ml enzyme production was selected as the superior strain.

The molecular identification of the AG90 showed that this strain exhibited a high level of similarity (99%) with Sarocladium sp. and introduced as a Sarocladium sp. AG90. The fermentation broth of the superior strain showed that 86% of the enzyme was produced extracellularly. The Km and Vmax values of the produced enzyme for the L-Asparagine substrate were calculated as 9.74 mM and 19.19 μmol/min, respectively.

The obtained results in this study can help to introduce a new enzyme with eukaryotic origin to reduce the toxicity, sensitivity and side effects associated of drug consumption.

Autophagy is a survival pathway required for cellular viability during starvation through catabolic self digestion of damaged proteins and organelles; however, autophagy may result in cell death if it proceeds to completion. Although the exact mechanism of this process is not clear, it seems that proper regulation of autophagy can potentially contribute to the therapeutics of cancers. The aim of this study was to determine the role of Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) in the induction of autophagy in human acute promyelocytic leukemia.

In this study, the role of autophagy in the As2O3-induced death of NB4 cells was assessed using electron microscopy. Also, quantitative real-time PCR method was used for expression of autophagy related genes in dose and Time dependent manner.

Our results showed that autophagy induces death in NB4 cells treated with arsenic trioxide. It was also found that the Atg7, Bclin1 and LC3 genes, which are essential genes for induction of autophagy, are the target of arsenic trioxide invasion.

This study showed As2O3-induced autophagy plays an important role in eliminating leukemia cells and treatment of cancer.