علی سلمانی

The primary aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of strengths-based psychotherapy in decreasing anxiety sensitivity and panic attacks among adolescents diagnosed with major depressive disorder.

The method of the present study was an experiment with a pre-test and a post-test with a control group. The present study population comprised of female teenagers diagnosed with major depressive disorder who visited the academic counseling center in city of Ardabil (Iran) between April to June 2024. In this research, 30 eligible participants were chosen through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group (15 individuals each). Data collection involved use of Beck's depression questionnaire 1996), anxiety sensitivity measures by Taylor and Cox (1998), and panic symptom assessments by Liebowitz and colleagues (1984). The experimental group received strengths-based psychotherapy consisting of 8 ninety-minute weekly sessions, and post-test evaluations were conducted for both groups to assess the intervention's impact. Data analysis was performed using multivariate covariance analysis in SPSS-24 statistical software.

The results revealed that the mean scores of the experimental group for anxiety sensitivity (F=90.54, P≤0.001) and panic attacks (F=11.90, P≤0.05) were significantly lower than those of the control group.

These findings suggest that strengths-based psychotherapy could serve as a novel and effective approach to reducing anxiety sensitivity and panic attacks in adolescents diagnosed with major depressive disorder.

Adolescents without guardians and abused adolescents exhibit more emotional and behavioral disorders and a tendency to high-risk behaviors due to lack of sufficient social and emotional experience compared to children living in the family. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of mindfulness therapy on emotional regulation, cognitive self-awareness, and the tendency to high-risk behaviors in orphaned and poorly supervised adolescents.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all abused and orphaned female adolescents residing in welfare care centers of Ardabil City in 2024, among whom 30 abused and orphaned female adolescents were selected by purposive sampling method and were randomly assigned into the experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. The experimental group received 8 90-minute sessions of Taylor’s mindfulness-based therapy and the control group received no training. To collect data, Gross and John's Emotional Regulation Questionnaire, Wells and Catwright's Cognitive Self-Awareness Scale, and ZadehMohammadi’s Tendency to High-Risk Behaviors of Adolescents were used. Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.

The findings showed that after controlling for the effects of the pretest, there was a significant difference between the mean of the two groups in emotion regulation (F=2.757, p=0.038, η2=0.286), cognitive self-awareness (F=48.289, p<0.001, η2=0.622), and tendency to high-risk behaviors (F=2.655, p=0.042, η2=0.263).

The results showed that mindfulness therapy is effective on emotional regulation, cognitive self-awareness, and tendency to high-risk behaviors in orphaned and poorly supervised adolescents. Therefore, mindfulness therapy can be used to reduce the problems of orphaned and poorly supervised adolescents.

Aesthetic theory, as an independent branch of philosophy, was first introduced in the 18th century by Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten, with the meaning of "sensory perception." Today, in Islamic/Arabic studies 'Ilm al-Jamal' is considered the equivalent to aesthetics. So many scholars have sought to derive the theoretical foundations of this discipline by analyzing Islamic sources, particularly the Qur'an, leading to the emergence of two overarching perspectives. The first, more prevalent view identifies "Jamal" (beauty) as the primary concept of aesthetics in the Qur'an, exemplified by the work of Muhammad al-Homs, examined in this study. The second perspective emphasizes "Husn" (goodness) as the foundational concept of beauty in Islamic texts, with terms like 'Jamal' being subsumed under it. This perspective is represented in the present research by Allama Tabatabai's interpretation, as discussed in Hassan Bolkhari’s article. Adopting an analytical-exegetical approach, this study critically evaluated these theories by conducting a semantic analysis of the terms "Husn" and "Jamal" in the Qur'an. It seeks to answer which of these terms more directly signifies beauty, particularly the beauty of the human face. The findings indicate that most occurrences of "Jamal" in the Qur'an do not directly signify beauty and are more appropriately classified under the domain of ethics. In contrast, "Husn" refers to a broader reality that encompasses physical beauty, including facial attractiveness. Therefore, through a lexical and contextual analysis of the Qur'an, it can be concluded that Tabatabai’s perspective aligns more closely with the truth, despite being presented from a mystical lens

The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of emotion regulation and emotional suppression in the relationship between personality traits and addiction tendencies among university students. This research was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population consisted of all students at Kharazmi University during the academic year 2023-2024, from which 357 students were selected using convenience sampling. Data were collected using the NEO Five-Factor Personality Inventory (McCrae & Costa, 1992), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Gross & John, 2003), and the Addiction Tendency Scale (Weid & Butcher, 1992). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with SPSS 24 and Amos 24 software. The results revealed that neuroticism had a direct and positive relationship with addiction tendency, while extraversion and conscientiousness showed a direct and negative relationship with addiction tendency. No significant direct relationship was found between agreeableness and addiction tendency. Furthermore, neuroticism had a direct relationship with emotional suppression, while extraversion and conscientiousness had a direct relationship with reappraisal of emotions. Reappraisal of emotional experiences was not significantly related to addiction tendency, but emotional suppression had a significant direct relationship with addiction tendency. Additionally, emotional suppression played a mediating role in the relationship between neuroticism and addiction tendency (t = 1.96). Therefore, personality traits, as well as emotion regulation and suppression, play a significant role in the tendency toward addiction among students. Targeting these two factors in psychological treatments may be effective in reducing students’ addiction tendencies.

Kant is known as the pioneer of artistic formalism. Art critics and commentators on Kant's works have also confirmed this claim. Kant discusses the form first in the critique of pure reason and then in the third moment of the critique of the power of judgment. According to Kant, what is universal in the judgment of the beauty and could be expected from all people is the form. Unlike the form, the sensory perception of an object varies depending on the perceptual ability of people. Roger Fry and Clive Bell, as formalist critics and artists, put forward Kant's concept of form in the 20th century, and by emphasizing it as the only act of beautifying works of art in the modern era, they played an irreplaceable role in the expansion and development of Kant's view on the concept of form in modern art. This article aims to investigate the relationship between this concept in the thought of formalists and in Kant's aesthetics. It was determined by the conducted investigations that, although formalists consider form to be a kind of temporal-spatial arrangement of the sensuous intuitive manifolds, in terms of their emphasis on the emotional expression of form in contrast to Kant's emphasis on the purposiveness without purpose of the form and the creation of the free harmony of imagination and understanding, there is a great difference between Kant's thought and Fry and Bell's formalist thought.

The most comprehensive analysis methods are non-linear methods that require a lot of calculations. In this research, the endurance time method is used, that is a new dynamic method in which the need for calculations is reduced. In the endurance time method, the structures are subjected to specially designed acceleration functions and their response at different performance levels is estimated by each of the unit response history analyses, thus, significantly reducing the required computational demand. The design of rotational friction dampers in the studied structures was done based on the seismic performance index by endurance time method, and the sliding force of these dampers was uniformly distributed in the structure. The results of this research for two structures of 3 and 9 floors showed that the shear of the base is between 60 and 100%, as expected, considering that the structure was a moment frame at the beginning and had a different target time, and then braces were added to it. Increased. Due to the addition of the damper to the system, taking into account the relative increase in input energy, as expected, the amount of depreciated energy is between 10 and 97%. In relation to the study of drift, the reduction of the values in the floors was high, which was reported from 5 to more than 50% according to the results

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the psychometric properties of the Social Exposure to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Scale in students. The present research method was descriptive and of the type of psychometric studies. The statistical population of the present study was formed by all the students of the second secondary school in Ardabil city in the academic year of 2023-2024. From this population, a sample size of 200 people was selected by cluster random sampling method and to questionnaires on Social Exposure to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury, Zelkowitz and Cole (2017), Neff et al.'s (2003) self-compassion questionnaire and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury expectancies Questionnaire Hosking and Boyes (2017) responded. Internal consistency coefficient, concurrent validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used for data analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS26 and Amos24 software. The results of the internal consistency coefficient showed that this scale has good reliability (α=0.83). The results of the correlation coefficient showed that the positive correlation between two variables in the Social Exposure to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury expectancies (r=0.27, P<0.001) indicates appropriate convergent validity and the negative correlation coefficient between the two variables in the Social Exposure to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury with Self-Compassion (r=-0.25, P<0.001) indicates adequate divergent validity. The fit indices of the confirmatory factor analysis model also confirmed the final model of this scale. The results of this research showed that the Persian version of the Social Exposure to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury Scale intent has good reliability and validity in the Iranian population and is a suitable self-assessment scale for clinical and research situations.

 The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of education based on resilience on increasing the attitude of responsibility and academic self-regulation in students who are children of divorce.

The method of the current research was a pre-test-post-test experiment with a control group. The population of this research included all female students of divorce in the secondary level of the second period in the academic year of 2023-2024 in Ardabil city. For this purpose, 30 students as children of divorce were selected according to the criteria of entering the research and were randomly placed into two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). After conducting the pre-test using the Salkovics Attitudes Responsibility Scale and the Academic Self-Regulation Questionnaire of Bouffard et al., the experimental group received 12 sessions (3 sessions per week) of 75 minutes of the resilience-based training program, while the control group did not receive any intervention program. The obtained data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS.26 software.

The results showed that the mean of the experimental and control groups is significantly different in the variables of attitude of responsibility and academic self-regulation. This means that after the implementation of the training program based on resilience, the average scores of the children of divorce students in the experimental group increased significantly compared to the control group (p < 0.01).

Education based on resilience has a positive effect on the attitude of responsibility and academic self-regulation of students who are children of divorce. Therefore, it can be said that this program can be used to help students who are children of divorce.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment training on anger control and resilience in parents and children with learning disabilities.

The research method is semi-experimental with pre-test design and post-test with control group. The statistical population consisted of parents of male and female students with learning disabilities who had referred to two special learning problems centers in Malekan city in 2020-2021. In this study, 30 parents of students with learning disabilities were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental (15 people) and control groups (15 people). The subjects of the experimental group received training on acceptance and commitment in 8 sessions. In order to collect data, Spielberger's Anger Control (STAXI-2) and Connor-Davidson Resilience (CD-RIS) questionnaires were used. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS.26 software and multivariate covariance analysis method.

The results showed that there is a significant difference between the anger control and resilience scores of the two groups after applying the acceptance and commitment training (P<0.05). In other words, the results showed that acceptance and commitment training increased anger control and increased resilience in the experimental group.

Considering that acceptance and commitment training has increased anger control and resilience in the experimental group, as a result, acceptance and commitment training can be used as an educational protocol to control anger and improve the resilience of parents of children with learning disabilities.

The study aimed to explore teaching cognitive emotion regulation strategies' effectiveness on cognitive processing and distress tolerance in female students with general anxiety. The research method used was a pre-test-post-test experiment with a control group. The research sample comprised all second-year secondary school students with general anxiety in Ardabil city during the academic year of 2023-2024. Employing purposive sampling, thirty students with general anxiety were randomly split into the experimental (15 individuals) and control (15 individuals) groups. The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of the cognitive emotion regulation strategies training program (Gross and Thompson, 2007), and the control group, which was on the waiting list, did not receive any training. In the data collection, Cruz's (1999) cognitive processing questionnaire and Simmons and Gaher's (2005) emotional distress tolerance scale were used. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that after controlling the pre-test effects, there was a significant difference between the post-test average of the two groups in cognitive processing and distress tolerance. Training in cognitive emotion regulation strategies proves effective in enhancing cognitive processing and distress tolerance among students with general anxiety. Based on the research findings, utilizing cognitive emotion regulation training can help alleviate issues in individuals with generalized anxiety.

The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of transcranial direct electrical stimulation (tDCS) on craving and decision-making styles in substance users.

The study employed a semi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest approach and included a control group. The statistical population of this research included substance users in Ardabil city in 2021 who had sought treatment at addiction treatment centers. Among these, 30 people were selected using cluster sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups: experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15). The participants in the experimental group underwent 15 twenty-minute sessions of anodic stimulation of the F3 region and cathodic stimulation of the F4 region. To collect data, we used a short scale to measure craving for substances and general decision-making styles. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance.

Findings showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the two experimental and control groups in rational, intuitive, dependent, immediate, and avoidant decision-making styles, as well as craving.

These results signify the dysfunction of prefrontal areas in the craving and decision-making processes in substance users. Electrical stimulation of these areas can be an effective intervention to reduce these deficiencies.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between spiritual well-being and coping strategies with the anxiety of corona disease in military personnel. The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population of the present study included male and female employees working in a military unit in Ardabil city in 2021, and a sample of 113 people was selected using the available sampling method based on Cochran's formula. To collect data, Alipour et al.'s (2018) coronavirus anxiety questionnaires, Palutzin and Ellison's (1983) spiritual well-being, and Endler and Parker's (1990) coping strategies were used. Data analysis was done using Pearson's correlation coefficient test and multiple regression in Spss software. The findings showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between spiritual well-being and coping strategies with the anxiety of corona disease in military personnel. Also, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that the anxiety of corona disease in military personnel can be determined based on variables of spiritual well-being (P < 0.01, β = -0.265) and coping strategies (P < 0.001, β = -0.315). It is a prediction. Considering the role of spiritual well-being and coping strategies in the anxiety of corona disease, it seems necessary to pay attention to these psychological components in the design of psychological programs and interventions to reduce the disease anxiety of military personnel during the outbreak of corona and other infectious diseases.

Risky behaviors are common in adolescent populations worldwide. It is believed that the disturbance in emotion regulation and emotional inhibition leads to an increase in risky behaviors in teenagers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of metacognitive interpersonal therapy on the cognitive regulation of emotion and emotional inhibition in adolescents with high-risk behaviors. The method of semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test with a control group was conducted on all girls with high-risk behaviors who referred to Tehran counseling center in 2022. 30 teenage girls with risky behaviors were included in the study. Controlled study. Participants were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). After conducting the pre-test using Carver and White Behavioral Inhibition/Behavioral Activation Scale and Gross and John Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, the experimental group received metacognitive interpersonal training for 8 sessions of 90 minutes each week, while the control group received no training. did not. To evaluate the effect of training, a post-test was taken from both experimental and control groups. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS.23 software and multivariate covariance analysis method. The results showed that metacognitive interpersonal therapy caused a significant difference between the cognitive regulation of emotion and emotional inhibition in adolescents with high-risk behaviors. (P≥0.001). Based on these findings, it can be concluded that metacognitive interpersonal therapy has a positive effect on the cognitive regulation of emotion and emotional inhibition in adolescents with high-risk behaviors. Therefore, it can be said that this program can be used to help teenagers with risky behaviors.

Kant considers pure aesthetic judgment to be disinterested and in the minute of quality and interest is a pleasure (delight) that results from the representation of the existence. In a footnote (§3), Kant declares that beauty is neither based on an interest nor establishes an interest. In explaining the concept of interest, Kant acts negatively and only by distinguishing between the agreeable and the good, depicting the disinterestedness of an aesthetic experience. In the first critique, Kant does not consider existence to be a real predicate; therefore, it is necessary to refer to his other works to find the clear and correct meaning of interest. By referring to moral works, we realize that interest is a kind of inclination towards something based on a rational rule. In this article, an attempt has been made to provide a clear concept of interest by considering the whole of Kant's aesthetic thought, to deal with the connection of interest with existence, and to answer the question of how interest is connected with the representation of existence.

Farabi did not deal with art and beauty in a special and separate way, and he has no other writings in this field, except for a work entitled "Great Music", which has a scientific and mathematical perspectives. Therefore, his principal fame is due to his extraordinary opinions in the field of politics and political philosophy. He considers the goal of individual and collective human life to be reaching happiness. But he considers life in a perfect and virtuous society to be necessary for a person to achieve happiness. Man should be raised and educated in such a society to reach happiness, which is a political goal and of course otherworldly. The teacher and guide must be able to use his imagination to reach the useful mind. It is from this channel that artists play a key role in Farabi's utopia and are ranked next to the head of Medina. The two concepts of imagination and simulation, on the one hand, in the education of citizens, and on the other hand, in the creation of works of art, highlight the dignity and social-political position of artists. Farabi's definition of beauty is based on the concept of perfection. In fact, perfection is beauty, even though perfection is happiness. With such an attitude, it can be concluded that the whole of Farabi's political philosophy has an aesthetic aspect, and in this way, the elements of his political aesthetics can be compiled. In this article, by using the collection of library information and the descriptive-analytical method, elements such as happiness, imagination and similes have been examined and addressed the definition of beauty that Farabi has based on perfection.

Concept of sublime has a long record. The record refers usually to ancient Greece but in modern time emerged a challenge, That sublime debated under aesthetics. Kant debated the sublime in his philosophy under aesthetics too. Imagination has special importance in discussion of the sublime. This discussion has other aspects in Kant's philosophy that we must regard to them. In critique of pure reason, imagination participates with understanding and sense, consequently in current interpretations Kant's work is epistemology; it provides conditions of possibility of objectivity in first critique. But in Critique of the Power of Judgment, imagination has a free operation in test judgment, it is in a free harmony with understanding. In theory of the sublime, imagination has relation with reason here feeling of the sublime is similar to morel feeling. Thus it reveals the unity of total determination of man. Therefore we understand the nature as exhibition of supersensible.

The aim of this present study was to investigate the effect of blended learning on students' mental health, academic motivation and academic engagement. This research was an applied research in terms of its purpose and a descriptive semi-experimental research in terms of implementation. From the statistical population of 721 students of Payam Noor Khalkhal University in the academic year of 2023-2024, using the purposeful sampling method, based on the Kerlinger formula, 60 people were randomly divided into two groups of 30 people, an experimental group and an alternative control group were replaced. The tools used include teaching the combined teaching method; Erikson and Nanon's mental health (2018); Harter's academic motivation (1981) and Zarang's academic engagement (2011). Covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. The results of the research showed that combined training on interaction, hetagogy, pedagogy, Technology and has an effect on mental health (p<0.01). The effect of combined training on external motivation and internal motivation was also positive and significant. Also, the results of the effect of combined training on motivational involvement, cognitive involvement, behavioral involvement and academic engagement (p< 0.01) were also positive and significant. The final result is that, if the combined education approach as an effective external educational factor based on multimedia, hypertexts, hyperlinks, mocks, podcasts and metaverse is well assessed, designed, implemented and evaluated; It will increase the satisfaction, competence, trust in personal beliefs and participation of learners, which will eventually lead to mental health, academic motivation and academic involvement of learners respectively.

Adolescence is an important period for brain development, and self-harm during this period is associated with long-term consequences, including persistent psychopathology and behavioral disorders in the future.  The present study was conducted with the aim of the relationship between the harmful use of mobile phones and emotional-behavioral problems in self-harming teenagers: with the mediation of self-contro. The method of the present research was applied in terms of its purpose and structural equation model in terms of correlation method. All secondary school students of the second period of Ardabil city with a history of self-harm in the academic year of 2023-2024 formed the statistical population of the present study. 280 of these people were selected and participated in the present study through purposive sampling. Achenbach's (2001) list of children's behavioral problems, Tanji, Baumeister and Boone's (2004) self-control questionnaire and Kuhei's (2009) mobile phone addiction questionnaire were used to collect data. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson correlation tests and multiple regression analysis and path analysis using SPSS23 and Lisrel 8/lisrel 8 software. The obtained results showed that the structural model of using harmful smartphones and externalizing problems with the mediating role of self-control has a good fit. These results showed that externalizing problems had a direct and indirect effect with the mediation of self-control on externalizing problems. (P<0.001). The results of this study showed that externalizing problems in a sample of self-harming teenagers can play a role both directly and through the mediation of self-control in the use of harmful smartphones by teenagers.

Schelling's goal is to find a total consciousness for human; therefore, in the philosophy of nature, he tries to reach from the real to the ideal. On the other hand, the conscious spirit is a product of human subjectivity, so, an unconscious spirit manages things. Therefore, Schelling's transition from natural philosophy to the system of transcendental idealism occurs. Reaching this level of consciousness is possible when [I] goes through different stages. The first stage is sensation, then reflection and after that comes praxis. But since the will of the subject of and the will of nature are the same, and ethics is in the realm of practical reason, then the subject of action does not have free will. Therefore, there is a gap between theoretical philosophy and practical philosophy that Schelling must somehow fill. He solves this problem with the free and creative will of an artist, a will that acts not out of necessity but freely. Schelling reaches the absolute from the identity of natural philosophy and transcendental idealism. The absolute is the result of identity of the real and the ideal. It is crystal clear that expounding how to objectify the absolute leads to a better comprehension of Schelling's philosophical system. In this article, it is investigated that among theoretical wisdom, practical wisdom and art, which one Schelling deems the most functional mechanism to objectify the absolute, and what are the roles of genius and the beauty through this path.

The present study examined the effect of communication skills training on family adaptability/cohesion and coping strategies in parents of female students with learning disabilities. The current research method was a pre-test-post-test experiment with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all parents of female students of the first period of high school with learning disabilities in the academic year of 2022-2023 in Ardabil city. For this purpose, the 30 parents of students with learning disabilities, according to the criteria of entering the research, were selected by the purposeful sampling method and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). After conducting the pre-test using the Olson, Roussel, and Sprinkle family adaptability/cohesion assessment scale and the Billings and Moss coping strategies questionnaire, the experimental group received eight sessions (two sessions per week) of 75 minutes of the communication skills training program. At the same time, the control group did not receive any intervention program. The data were analyzed using SPSS.26 software and multivariate covariance analysis method. The results showed that communication skills training caused a significant difference between family adaptability/cohesion and coping strategies in parents of female students with learning disabilities. In other words, the effect of communication skills training in the experimental group has increased family adaptability/cohesion and coping strategies in parents of students with learning disabilities (P≤0.05). Therefore, it can be said that this application can be used to help parents and female students with learning disabilities

Social networks are now being created as an admission to search, discuss and share information interactive and immediate with others. The purpose of this study was to model the role of emotional resilience and self-resilience in the tendency of addiction to social networks mediated by psychological well-being. The use of social networks has become a modern natural behavior, but the harmful forms of their use have also received much attention in the last two decades. Social networks have now emerged as a platform for searching, discussing and sharing information interactively and instantly with others. Their popularity, especially among young people, has led to a significant increase in research into the analysis of the consequences of their use. Has been in the psychosocial development of users. Social networks have provided various facilities for users, but their uncontrolled, uninformed and excessive use of them creates dangers for users in families. Social networks are a source of attention in personal, academic and professional work. In the context of academia, they can lead to academic procrastination and undermine students' academic performance. One of the psychological characteristics of students that is affected by the use of social networks is emotional resilience. Previous studies have shown that psychological characteristics such as resilience may predict cell phone addiction and social networking. Resilience, as a complex, dynamic and multidimensional phenomenon, can be thought of as a process, capacity or consequence of positive adaptation and continuous professional commitment and growth in the face of challenging conditions. Emotional resilience should be considered as a person's ability to cope with adversity and overcome failure. Emotional resilience requires a high degree of self-awareness, strong self-regulation, and a host of other characteristics. Factors such as stress, burnout, lack of social support and negative thinking are the enemies of emotional resilience. Another variable that can be associated with social media addiction is self-concealment. In the literature on psychology and counseling, self-concealment is often defined as the tendency to intentionally conceal personal information that one finds disturbing or negative. Self-concealmentis a behavioral tendency in which individuals hide personal information about distress, embarrassment, and negativity from others. One of the most important structures that play a mediating variable in social network addiction is psychological well-being. Psychological well-being is one of the structures studied in positivist psychology. Today, a new perspective is being formed and expanded in health-related sciences in general and in psychology in particular, with the aim of focusing on health. It is drawn from individual life to social interactions. In general, according to the above research records, the dispersion and contradiction of research in the field of social media addiction and the lack of studies in Iran, highlights the need for further implementation and research in this field. In addition, the mobile phones of this technological tool, which are especially popular among the younger generation, have led to lifestyle changes, differentiation of social interaction styles, as well as preparing them to limit their lives in the technological world. This in itself highlights the need for such research. Therefore, the present study aimed to model the role of emotional resilience and self-concealment in the tendency of addiction to social networks mediated by psychological well-being.

The method of the present study is descriptive and correlational and the method of analysis is structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study was all students studying at Mohaghegh Ardabili University. Since the PLS method is not sensitive to the sample size, the required sample size was determined using Barclayo et al.'s (1995) theory for the present study (32). However, in order to achieve more generalizable results and less statistical error in the sample size in the present study, considering the probability of sample loss, 200 people were considered. After removing the distorted data, 120 questionnaires were included in the statistical analysis.  Sampling method used Sampling was also available. The questionnaires were designed online and its links were provided to the subjects on social networks (Telegram groups and channels, WhatsApp groups and Instagram pages) so that students who wished to participate in the research could answer the questions. Inclusion criteria were willingness to participate in research and being a student and exit criteria were unwillingness to participate in research. The data collected in this study were analyzed using descriptive statistical tools such as mean and standard deviation and structural equation modeling using SPSS.25 software and 3.smart pls software.

A total of 120 students with a mean age of 28.75 and a standard deviation of 8.71 participated in this study.The results showed that emotional resilience and self-deprecation had a direct and significant effect on social networking addiction, as well as the indirect effect of emotional resilience and self-deprecation with the mediation of psychological well-being (t > 1.96).

The results of structural equations showed that emotional resilience has a direct and significant relationship with addiction to social networks. Explaining these results, it can be said that resilience can be generally defined as the ability to adapt to adverse situations in a positive way. Adolescents with lower resilience are more likely to become addicted to social media and in challenging situations instead the use of positive coping strategies tends to lead to negative behaviors such as social media addiction. The results of structural equations showed that self-concealment has a direct and significant relationship with addiction to social networks. Explaining these findings, it can be said that adolescents who have high self-conceit may become addicted to social networks to escape the negative feelings related to self-concealment. The results of structural equations showed that psychological well-being has a direct and significant relationship with addiction to social networks. Explaining these findings, it can be said that according to the negative consequences of addiction to social networks, psychological well-being can prevent adolescents' addiction to social networks. Described over time.The results of structural equations showed that emotional resilience on social media addiction has an indirect and significant relationship with the mediation of psychological well-being. In explaining these findings, it can be said that, as stated earlier, resilience refers to the factors and processes that protect physical development and psychological well-being from the risk of engaging in problematic behaviors and psychological damage.The results of structural equations showed that self-denial on social media addiction is indirectly and significantly related to psychological well-being. Many people who have self-deprecation turn to the Internet to manage and get rid of unwanted self-deprecating feelings such as stress, loneliness, depression and anxiety. They see the Internet as the easiest way out of these feelings, which is the starting point for Internet addiction.Emotional resilience and self-deprecation can show different functions of social networking in students. Therefore, examining the role of psychological well-being mediates provides more accurate information on the impact of these variables for various social network addiction.

Chatharsis is a Greek term, derived from the root of the word: Chatharos which means: pure. This term, semantically is related to two concepts: purity and integrity. Plato in Sophist, divided cleaning art into two items: 1) cleaning as separating similar from similar. 2) cleaning as separating good from bad. He called the second one, as the cleaning Psyche from its flaws; and presented his Catharsis in this context. In Plato’s thought, philosophy or in exact terms, the practice of philosophy through an argumentation reasonably, is Catharsis.

The present study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on academic enthusiasm and social adjustment of students with social anxiety.

The method of the current research was a pre-test-post-test experiment with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all female students of the second secondary level with social anxiety in the academic year of 2021-2022 in Ardabil city. For this purpose, 28 students with social anxiety were selected according to the criteria for entering the research and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups (14 people in each group). After conducting the pre-test with the help of Fredricks, Blumenfeld & Paris academic motivation questionnaires and California Clark et all social adjustment questionnaires, the experimental group received 8 sessions (two sessions per week) of 75 minutes of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy training program. while the control group did not receive any intervention program. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate covariance analysis.

The results showed that cognitive therapy training based on mindfulness caused a significant difference between academic enthusiasm and social adjustment in students with social anxiety (P<0.01).

Cognitive therapy training based on mindfulness has a positive effect on academic enthusiasm and social adjustment of students with social anxiety. Therefore, it can be said that this program can be used to help students with social anxiety.

Mental health can decrease or increase under the influence of various factors. Among these factors are organizational intelligence and religiosity. Organizational intelligence is the capacity of organizations to create and use knowledge in order to adapt to the environment. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of organizational intelligence and religiosity in working with the general health of military personnel. The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population of the present study included the military personnel of Ardabil city in 2019-2020, and 120 military personnel were selected as a sample using available sampling method. Goldenberg and Hiller's mental health questionnaire (1972), Karl Albrecht's organizational intelligence questionnaire (2004) and religiosity scale in Lin et al.'s work (2008) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed through Pearson's correlation coefficient test and multiple regression in SPSS software version 18.The findings showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between organizational intelligence and religiosity at work with the general health of military employees. Also, the results of multiple regression analysis showed that the general health of employees can be predicted based on the variables of organizational intelligence (P < 0.05, β = 0.062) and religiosity at work (P < 0.05, β = 0.147). . Therefore, it can be concluded that organizational intelligence and religiosity at work play a significant role in predicting the general health of military employees, and it is necessary for military managers and officials to pay special attention to this issue.