علی شهبازی

Many researchers believe that providing safe water, sanitary disposal and optimal management are the three axes of health, and in all these cases, while paying attention to the process of doing work, continuous control should also be done. This study was designed and implemented with the aim of seasonally investigating the physicochemical and microbial water quality of Qarasu River in Golestan province using the IRWQIsc index. 6 sampling stations were identified for Qarasu River and sampling was done once every month in four seasons of 1400. The measured parameters include pH, BOD, COD, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), ammonium (NH4), nitrate (NO3), phosphate (PO4), total hardness (TH), turbidity and total suspended solids. It was a stool form. According to the measured parameters, Iran's surface water quality index IRWQISC was calculated. The results of the study based on the index showed that the quality of this index for all stations in all seasons was between 70.5 and 14.7 and according to the IRWQISC index, it was in five good categories (70-1.85), relatively good. (55-1/70), relatively bad (30-44-9), bad (15-29-9) and very bad (less than 15). The influencing parameters were total suspended solids, turbidity, nitrate, temperature and fecal coliform. It can be concluded that the amount of 70.5 with good quality is related to (Tuskestan village) in winter and the amount of 7.14 with very bad quality is related to (Pol Qara Tepe) in summer that the quality of the river water in The Gorgan to Aqqla road bridge station (Qorban Abad) is in bad condition in all seasons due to the entry of urban and industrial pollutants into this station, and Tuskestan village station has good and relatively good quality in most seasons because Tuskestan is in It is located in high altitudeand the entrance of clean running water  into thisarea is more and it is far from industrial and urban pollutants.

Soil erosion and water crisis are among the most significant threats that endanger the security of water and soil in the country. In order to address these problems, measures are being taken to soil and water conservation. The most important stage in implementing these plans is the structural measures of watershed management, which involves identifying the correct locations for implementing these plans. Proper site selection of check dams has a significant impact on reducing the cost of watershed activities and increasing their effectiveness. Traditional methods of locating check dams based on more information layers and the need for their integration and analysis are difficult and may result in errors, while modern and highly efficient data mining methods based on the quality and quantity of data and machine learning have been introduced. In this study, the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model was used to locate check dams in the Dehdar Taleghan watershed.

The Dehdar Taleghan watershed is located in the north of Alborz province, with variable elevation from the highest point at 4050 meters above sea level to the outlet of the watershed at 2248 meters. There are two villages located within the basin, which covers an area of 4780 hectares. The locations of existing and proposed check dams were extracted based on the database of implemented check dams in the Natural Resources and Watershed Management head office of Alborz province and the mechanical check dams’ manuals of detailed-executive studies. In this study, 14 factors that affect the placement of watershed check dams including DEM, slope, distance from stream, roads, and faults, density of stream, roads, and faults, lithology, land use, stream power, stream rank, flow accumulation, and precipitation were used to determine suitable locations. The multicollinearity was checked using the variance inflation factor (VIF) and tolerance index. After confirming the absence of multicollinearity between variables, the existing check dam’s points were randomly divided into training data (70%) and validation data (30%). The importance of each variable in explaining the model was determined using the MaxEnt model and the Jackknife plot, which was performed using MaxEnt software. In this study, the performance of the model in the training and validation stages was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and its area under the curve (AUC).

The results showed that there is no linear relationship between the factors, and therefore all factors were used in the modeling process. The results of the Jackknife plot showed that distance from streams, slope, flow accumulation, stream order, elevation, mean precipitation, and lithology were the most important factors affecting the visibility of check dams, and they had a significant impact on predicting areas with potential for check dam construction. The accuracy of the model prediction was excellent in both the training (0.959) and validation (0.961) stages. Field surveys confirmed that the model accurately identified critical streams in terms of flooding and sedimentation, with a total of 30.3 kilometers of critical and supercritical stream identified. During various field visits, 11 check dams were identified in the studied streams. It is worth noting that the final map (critical areas) and the visibility of check dams, as assessed by consulting companies in detailed executive studies, had a 92% level of agreement, demonstrating the high accuracy of machine learning models for predicting check dam’s visibility.

In this study, a map of suitable areas for check dam’s construction in the Dehdar Taleghan watershed was prepared using the MaxEnt model, taking into account influential environmental variables. The ROC curve showed that the model's accuracy in estimating areas with potential for check dam’s construction was excellent in both the training and validation stages, indicating excellent model performance. Based on the results, it can be said that the MaxEnt model has a high ability to determine areas with potential for check dam’s construction. Due to its speed and high accuracy, the model is recommended for use in similar studies, especially in developing countries facing a shortage of facilities and financial resources. Combining geographic information systems with modern machine learning models to determine areas with potential for check dam’s construction, especially in developing countries like Iranis recommended.

After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic is based on stable and stable principles, including supporting the deprived and oppressed of the world, having peaceful relations with non-belligerent countries, prohibiting interference in the affairs of other countries, and peaceful coexistence with neighbors and other governments. These principles include the beliefs and convictions of the Islamic Republic about facts or causes, correctness of action and behavior in the field of interactions and the international system that arose from the Islamic religion. The basic issue that needs to be addressed is whether the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic has been successful in the field of dealing with Shia-phobia based on the aforementioned principles. For this reason, this article tries to evaluate the role of environmental factors of the Islamic Republic's foreign policy in the four components of identity politics, political actors, social actors, agent and structure based on the theory of constructivism and through identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and possible threats. Help to promote the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic to deal with Shia-phobia. This research is of applied type and has been done with a descriptive and case-based method. The collection tool was field and library, the sample size was 25 people and the data was analyzed by SPSS method.

There are two general approaches toward the constitutionalization and  jusiciability of  economic, social and cultural rights. According to the socialist approach economic, social and cultural rights should be constitutionaized and are justiciable. Constitutionalization of  economic, social and cultural rights in one hand saves these rights of temporary political orientation and on the other hand makes justiciability of these rights easier. While in liberal approach civil and political rights are constitutionalized and judicially protected, economic, social and cultural rights are perceived non-justiciable, although constitutional judge can through the welfare interpretation of civil and political rights such as: the right to life, the right to fair trail and non-discrimination, make economic, social and cultural rights justiciable. Social movements also can make alive and enforce constitutional rights. This analytical-descriptive article through the public law point of view, tries to investigate the most important influential factors which makes economic, social and cultural rights as the second generation of human rights as justiciable.

As a worldwide pandemic, COVID-19 has led to low quality of life for patients and many psychological disorders, particularly among patients with coronavirus. Accordingly, this study aimed at Predictors of Corona Anxiety in patients with COVID-19.

This is a descriptive-analytical study. 119 patients with covid-19 were included in the study using the convenient sampling method that was eligible (inclusion criteria: having covid-19, ability to complete the questionnaire, reading and writing literacy and exclusion criteria: inability to participate in the study, incomplete questionnaire). The subjects filled out the online questionnaires, including Templer's Death Anxiety Scale, Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS). The collected data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression through SPSS v.22 software.

There is a significant negative correlation between corona anxiety and death anxiety (r=-0.209, P<0.05) and between corona anxiety with worry (r=0.283, P<0.01). There was a positive and significant correlation between corona anxiety and depression (r=0.344 r, P<0.01). The results of regression analysis showed that depression (β=0.303, P<0.001), worry (β=0.236, P<0.006) and death anxiety (β=0.233, P<0.008) are the most effective predictors of Corona anxiety.

The findings showed that depression, worry and death anxiety are the main predictors of Corona anxiety and psychological interventions should be more focused to solve these issues.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental illness with symptoms typically manifesting during childhood and adolescence. Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) is a favored brain mapping technique for investigating psychiatric disorders due to its accessibility and ease of use. Spectral features of QEEG, particularly differences in neural activity across frequency bands and brain regions, may underlie certain diseases. This study investigates the performance of a machine learning algorithm using spectral features as input to provide insight into the neural activities associated with OCD.

This analytical cross-sectional study obtained EEG signals from healthy controls and OCD patients in a closed-eyes condition using a 21-channel cap. After noise removal via independent component analysis (ICA), features were calculated, augmented by 1-minute EEG segmentation, and used as input for the machine learning algorithm. Statistical tests were used to compare features between groups.

The study included 42 participants, 27 OCD patients, and 14 healthy controls. All features followed a non-normal distribution. The Mann-Whitney test revealed no significant differences between groups for all features (p>0.05) except for frontal beta (p<0.002). Using 10-fold cross-validation, the machine learning algorithm achieved an accuracy of 82.1%, with a sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 80.0%. The false discovery rate (FDR) was 11.8%.

In the studied population, there were no significant differences between OCD patients and healthy controls for any of the investigated features except for the frontal beta feature. However, the machine learning algorithm accurately detected 82.1% of patients, which was comparable to the performance of other features and imaging methods reported in previous studies.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the association between the audit committee’s oversight of the internal audit function (IAF) and the nature of IAF activities. In this paper, it is assumed that regarding the role of the audit committee in preventing financial misstatements leads to an increase in the focus of IAF on internal controls. Based on the survey of 140 Chief Audit Executives (CAE) of Tehran Stock Exchange listed companies in 2020, research variables have been measured. A regression model is used to test the research hypothesis. Based on the opinions of CAEs participating in this research, the results show that the audit committee’s oversight of the internal audit function leads the IAF toward a more internal-controls-oriented focus. Also, the size of the company, financial leverage, ratio of inventories and the significant weakness in internal controls have a positive and significant effect on the IAF internal-controls-oriented focus. Finally, the results show that the sales growth rate and operating cash flow do not have a significant effect on the IAF internal-controls-oriented focus.

The aim of this study is to detect and quantify the cultivated area of potato fields in Hamadan Province using remote sensing methods and a time series of satellite photos. As a result, Awifs time-series imaging was used to determine the potato cropping area. For this purpose, pictures were taken at three different times when the potato plant turned green and yellow. Processing such as preparation, atmospheric and geometric correction, vegetation index, and unsupervised classification were performed on the images using appropriate training sites for supervised classification. Following the integration of these two layers, the studied area under the cropping map was prepared using the phase classification method. Additionally, by using the vegetation indices NDVI and SAVI, the area under cropping for the three main crop yields is determined first using the threshold level technique and in three temporal intervals. The kapa coefficient for potato under cropping area determined by phase classification, NDVI, and SAVI was 90, 87, and 85%, respectively. In 1998, the potato cropping area was determined to be 38740, 36728, and 36614 acres, respectively. This study clearly shows that the phase classification method and Awif data time series can be used to recognize and estimate potato under cropping area with acceptable precision and that vegetation indices distinguish potato under cropping area faster.

Editorial:Evaluating changes in water consumption in the "planting one billion trees" project with "green and blue water accounting" modelingSaeed Morid/ member of the editorial boardShort note:The necessity of developing a road map in the development of integrated monitoring and information processing systems in the field of water resources managementAli Shahbazi/ Vice President of Comprehensive Water Resources Studies, Khuzestan Water and Electricity Authority

The expansion of industries, the development of cities, the increase in population, and the excessive human intervention in nature have led to the destruction and pollution of the environment. Soil pollution, especially soil pollution with heavy metals, is one of the environmental issues of concern to many researchers. The geographical distribution of heavy elements in the soil, either naturally or through human activities, will bring issues and problems. Heavy metals can enter the soil environment through the weathering of parent materials or external pollutants. For some metals, such as lead, pollution from external sources is much more than from natural sources. Among the natural factors, parent materials are the main factors that determine the concentration of heavy metals in the soil, and among the unnatural factors, industrial and agricultural activities are among the main sources of heavy metals entering the soil and are known as human sources. Human sources of heavy metal entry are divided into primary and secondary categories. Heavy metals are added to the soil as impurities along with primary sources including sewage sludge, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Secondary sources include the entry of heavy metals through mines, industrial activities or through deposition from the air. The purpose of this study is to identify the sources of heavy metals (chromium, cobalt, zinc, vanadium, copper, lead, nickel, antimony, arsenic and cadmium) in the surface soil of Hamedan province (0-20 cm) using multivariate statistical methods. (Analysis of main and cluster components).

In this study, to investigate sources of ten heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Zn, V, Cu, Pb, Ni, Sb, As, Cd,) in soil surface layer in Hammadan province, a systematic random method was utilized for soil sampling and 286 soil samples were collected from 0-25cm depth. For this purpose, first, the region was divided into 5 x 5 km grids. In the next step, based on the knowledge of the study area and the variety of uses and activities, the grid spacing was 2.5 x 2.5 km in the areas where the intensity of land use was high, and the grid spacing was 10 x 10 km in the areas where the intensity of land use was less. And the intersection of networks was considered as sampling points. A total of 286 soil samples were collected from the study area by a combined method in sampling after spotting, at the sampling site a plot of 20x20 meters (macroplot) and inside it three plots of 3x3 meters (microplot) was applied, then 5 soil samples were taken crosswise from each microplate from a depth of 0-20 cm and after mixing the soil, a 2-3 kg composite sample was taken from it. Also, by completing the sampling form, information about the use of the sampling location, the type of cultivation (irrigated or rainfed), the appearance of the land, the type of product, geographical coordinates andthe nearest village was completed. Soil sampling was done from pristine and untouched areas, mountainous areas, salt marshes, irrigated or rainfed agricultural lands, vineyards, gardens and lands around villages.Soil samples were dried and prepared for analysis after passing through a 2 mm sieve. Extraction was done to determine the total concentration of heavy metals in the soil using HCl and HNO3. The concentration of heavy elements lead, zinc, arsenic,antimony, chromium, cobalt, vanadium, nickel and copper was measured using ICP-MS device and cadmium was measured by graphite furnace method and using atomic absorption device.In this study, the mean, median, skewness, skewness and Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistics were used to examine the distribution and test the normality of the data at the 95% confidence level. Principal component analysis is used to classify relationships between measured variables. In cases where the number of evaluated variables is large, it is difficult to analyze them through the correlation coefficient.In this study, the accumulation method was used to group the variables. This method starts with one variable, so at the beginning of processing, the number of groups is equal to the number of studied variables (target variables). Then, the similar and homogeneous groups are combined with each other and with decreasing homogeneity, all the subgroups are piled up and condensed and finally form a single group.

Results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that the main origin of the chromium, cobalt, nickel, zinc, lead and vanadium is parent material and copper cadmium, arsenic and antimony have common origins of natural material and anthropogenic sources (agricultural activities). Finding appropriate information about possible resources of heavy metals can be used for the monitoring and evaluation processes of agricultural soils in the study area. The results obtained from measuring the concentration of total heavy metals in the surface soil of Hamadan province showed that by using factor analysis, the source of heavy metal accumulation can be identified. The results of factor analysis showed that chromium, cobalt, nickel, iron, zinc, lead, and vanadium were the first factor with the highest connection, according to the results of factor analysis. The close correlation between these elements could explain their shared origin. The high concentration of these components in the surface soil of the mother matter appears to be the key reason, according to the geological structure and agricultural maps of the study area. However, because of the high consumption of chemical fertilizers (average urea fertilizer consumption is 500-700 kg/ha per year, potash fertilizer consumption is 200-330 kg/ha per year, and phosphorus fertilizer consumption is 300-558 kg/ha per year), and the possibility of these elements in the chemical structure of urea, phosphate, and potash fertilizers, increasing the element concentration in the soil by them is not far from the mind. Copper, antimony, cadmium, and arsenic are among the components present in the second factor. According to the geological structure and land use map, the high concentrations of these elements are due to both natural and human activity (agricultural activities). The results of a cluster analysis confirm these findings. Overall, the findings of this study revealed that studying the relationship between heavy metals, investigating their origins, and analyzing them using multivariate statistical methods (factor analysis and cluster analysis) would be very accurate and simple.

Mighan Lagoon is located in the Central Province, 15 km northeast of Arak and southwest of Dawoodabad. In order to determine the sampling stations of this seasonal wetland, first, it was done in the field, then in the parts where it seems that natural and artificial changes in water quality can be seen, 12 samples were taken and quality points in these samples. became. Using NSFWQI and IRWQISC indicators, the quality status of the lagoon was checked. Also, using the geographic information system, a map of zoning and indicators was prepared. The results of the comparisons measured in summer and autumn showed the errors of biological desirability factors, chemical desirability properties, solution, electrical conductivity, fecal coliform, nitrate, phosphate, hardness, and acidity were more in summer than in autumn. The results of the water surface quality index show that the situation in summer and autumn is in bad and very bad condition. NSFWQI results show that in general the situation in summer and autumn is in bad and moderate condition. NSFWQI index zoning map in the summer and autumn seasons showed that the wetland was recorded in poor quality only in a small area near the entrance of the house.

Since Gridded data provide a new solution for estimating rainfall with spatial and temporal variability, this study evaluates the performance of three gridded rainfall data sets PERSIANN, CMORPH and GLDAS and combines them with stepwise method in Upstream of the Idenak hydrometric station, the output of these products was compared with the rainfall data measured at the ground at the Dehno, Qaleh-Raeisi, Idenak and Margon stations. The results show that the combined data based on RMSE values had the best performance in all stations and the lowest value was estimated in Margon station with a value of 5.5 mm; Also, in terms of correlation coefficient parameter, the combined data provide more linear correlation with observational data, so that the maximum linear correlation coefficient is equal to 0.497. The results also show that the use of data combination will improve the spatial distribution of rainfall in both wet and dry seasons. The results of research on rainfall distribution indicate that the data combination has not been successful in estimating the number of rainfall events by different classes and the PERSIANN data set provides more appropriate results.

Making of traditional pencil case by papier-mâché is one of the traditional arts in the Safavid and Qajar periods and today it is forgotten. Due to the preservation of Persian cultural heritage and traditional arts, it becomes necessary that be done the analytical study of making of traditional sliding pencil case by papier-mâché (paper adhesive layer) with emphasis on wood formwork method and replace another method from its scientific and technical aspect. Purpose is to know the methods of making traditional sliding pencil case by papier-mâché (paper adhesive layer). Question include: - How did the ancients done in the molding stage of making traditional sliding pencil case and what other method can be offered for this stage today? In research, library, documentary and experimental information have been studied with descriptive-analytical approach. Results show that by replacing the molding with Styrofoam instead of wooden molds, it is easy to design and make traditional pencil case by papier-mâché. The papier-mâché is a method of recycling waste paper that plays an important role in preservation of environment healthy and the craftsmen consciously used every opportunity to create artworks.

The Chaldoran war is one of the important historical and its representation can be seen in the decorations of Mohammad Baqer Lacquer pencil case in the Tehran Malek Museum with number 1393.05.000555.The significance of subject has led to the Chaldoran war Illustration in the decorations of this Lacquer pencil. The purpose is to re-read the Chaldoran war event and to recognize the important event components and to know how it is represented in Mohammad Baqer Lacquer pencil case. Questions include: 1- How are the details of the Chaldoran War event represented in the decorations of Mohammad Baqer Lacquer pencil case? 2- How much decorating of Mohammad Baqer Lacquer pencil case are similar to the historical details of the Chaldoran War? The research method is descriptive-analytical and its data have been collected by searching library and documentary sources and case study is Mohammad Baqer Lacquer pencil case in the Tehran Malek Museum and has been qualitatively analyzed. The results show that the details of the historical narrative are not seen exactly in the decorations of the Afshar Lacquer pencil case, and this invalidates the scientific validity of the work's identity card, which emphasizes the subject of the Chaldoran War, and it seems that the subject of this work is not a description of the Chaldoran War.

Lack of proper management of construction wastes can have devastating environmental, economic and social effects, so it is important to examine the quantity, quality and economic justification of waste processing. In order to quantitatively estimate the construction wastes of Gorgan, a city in north east Iran in the year 1394, two parameters including “number of unloads” and “car load" were used. Financial feasibility was also assessed using Net Present Value and Break-Even Point method. The results of quantitative analysis showed that an average of 264 tons per day summing up to a yearly 96861 tons of construction waste are dumped in landfills. Soil with 33.5% comprised the highest percentage of construction wastes and the lowest was wood with 1%. The financial feasibility analysis of establishing a center for construction wastes processing in Gorgan did not justify it economically. However, if in addition to Gorgan, the construction wastes of four neighboring cities are also processed, then the plan becomes economically acceptable. In this case, the net present value reaches Break-Even Point after nine years and eleven months, after which it becomes profitable. Therefore, accumulation of construction wastes of the four neighboring cities justifies the recycling plan. In addition, this practice will lead to financial profitability, reduce environmental pollution and the pressure of public opinion and ultimately will help moving towards the sustainable development of the region.

Development of agricultural lands, the occurrence of droughts, and climate change have made the Maroon-Jarahi basin to become one of the most stressful basins both quantitatively and qualitatively. Due to the existence of numerous irrigation and drainage networks in this basin, it is very important to investigate the effect of returned drainages on the river. Due to having suitable water potential, the study basin has always been suitable for the development of irrigation and drainage networks, also Shadegan Wetland at the end of the basin has increased the importance of quantitative and qualitative water resources management. Therefore, in this study, the effect of drainage from irrigation and drainage networks and traditional agriculture on the quantity and quality of rivers, and more importantly, the endpoint of the Jarahi River and the entrance to Shadegan wetland was investigated. Quantitative and qualitative simulation of the basin for a period of 60-year was performed by the WEAP model. Considering that none of the studies conducted in the Maroon-Jarahi basin has comprehensively and accurately examined all agricultural drains and critical points of the basin from a quantitative and qualitative perspective, so the study was conducted in this regard.

In this study, the WEAP model was used as a comprehensive tool for quantitative and qualitative Modeling and their effect on downstream. First, the WEAP model was calibrated and validated in a period of 5-year (2012-2016) using the observed data. In order to evaluate the results of calibration and validation of the quantitative model, the statistical indices of root mean square error (RMSE), squared correlation coefficient (R2), and NASH model efficiency coefficient were used. The model was implemented for a 60-year simulation period (2017 to 2077) under the control management scenarios of network drainage in terms of quantity and quality to determine the effect of each drainage on the river system of the basin.

The results of the model showed that the amount of salinity in the reference scenario is 3.6 (dS m-1) which in comparison with other scenarios only in Matbag drainage transmission scenario with a decrease of 34% (1.2 (dS m-1)) salinity compared to the reference scenario. This rate of salinity improvement is very important at the end of the Jarahi River and the entrance of the Shadegan Wetland and will have an excessive effect on the environment. Also, according to the reliability values of the environmental node of the Jarahi River, the difference between the reliability in the two references and the Matbag drainage transmission scenarios is 0.4%, which shows the minor effect of the Matbag drainage on the flow of the Jarahi River and also the reliability of other scenarios is equal to the reference scenario.

According to the results of quantitative and qualitative modeling in the Maroon-Jarahi basin, the Matbag drainage transmission scenario (left drainage network of Ramshir) has the maximum effect in terms of quality compared to other scenarios. If this drain is transferred, the salinity at the end of the basin during the simulation period will decrease by 1.2 (dS m-1) (34%).

Participation/Interactive-based art has an important place among all types of art today and its roots seem to go back a long way. Ritual arts as a traditional art is also a type of the Participation/Interactive-based arts. Also, the Iran Muharram Infants is one of the most important religious rituals of the people, which is held in different qualities and in the form of various ceremonies throughout Iran. The mourning of Hosseini infants and decorating Hazrat Qasim's (AS) cell is one of the most important rituals. The purpose is to identify the mourning of Hosseini infants and decorating Hazrat Qasim's (AS) cell among the ceremonies of Muharram as a Participation/Interactive-based art and to identify the specification of Participation/Interactivebased art in the process of holding these ceremonies. Questions include: 1. what are the specification of Participation/Interactive-based art? 1- What constitute the specification of Participation/Interactive-based art in the structure and process of holding the mourning of Hosseini infants and decorating Hazrat Qasim's (AS) cell? Therefore library and documents information have been studied with a descriptive-analytical approach. In the study of mourning of Hosseini infants and decorating Hazrat Qasim's (AS) cell, the city of Tehran, Bandar Abbas and Bushehr has been targeted. The results show that in both mourning of Hosseini infants and decorating Hazrat Qasim's (AS) cell, the audience and the participants of the ceremony are considered as the authors of the work of art and how the process of holding it is directly related to the performance of the audience and participants.

Participation/Interactive-based art has an important place among all types of art today and its roots seem to go back a long way. Ritual arts as a traditional art is also a type of the Participation/Interactive-based arts. Also, the Iran Muharram Infants is one of the most important religious rituals of the people, which is held in different qualities and in the form of various ceremonies throughout Iran. The mourning of Hosseini infants and decorating Hazrat Qasim's (AS) cell is one of the most important rituals. The purpose is to identify the mourning of Hosseini infants and decorating Hazrat Qasim's (AS) cell among the ceremonies of Muharram as a Participation/Interactive-based art and to identify the specification of Participation/Interactivebased art in the process of holding these ceremonies. Questions include: 1. what are the specification of Participation/Interactive-based art? 1- What constitute the specification of Participation/Interactive-based art in the structure and process of holding the mourning of Hosseini infants and decorating Hazrat Qasim's (AS) cell? Therefore library and documents information have been studied with a descriptive-analytical approach. In the study of mourning of Hosseini infants and decorating Hazrat Qasim's (AS) cell, the city of Tehran, Bandar Abbas and Bushehr has been targeted. The results show that in both mourning of Hosseini infants and decorating Hazrat Qasim's (AS) cell, the audience and the participants of the ceremony are considered as the authors of the work of art and how the process of holding it is directly related to the performance of the audience and participants.

Zoning of gully erosion susceptibility and determining the factors controlling gully erosion is very important and vital. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of gully erosion using two models of ANN and MaxEnt and to determine the factors affecting this type of erosion in Golestan Dam basin. Therefore, 14 factors in the form of three divisions, including topographic factors, other factors and combination of factors (14 factors) were considered as predictors of sensitivity. Out of 1042 gully erosion points, 30 and 70 percent were randomly classified as validation and test data, respectively. The results of Jackknife test showed that the parameters of height, rainfall and depth of valley are the most important variables affecting the prediction of gully erosion. The results of the modeling showed that the best accuracy of the model based on the ROC curve in the training model (0.923) and in the validation, stage (0.902) was the artificial neural network model, and this condition is achieved when all the factors in the modeling be involved. According to this model, about more than 20 percent of the domain (45633 ha) has a high sensitivity and is very susceptible to gully erosion.

Before the ideas of the Islamic Revolution and the Muslim Brotherhood entered the countries of North Africa, the Sufi current had deep roots in these countries. This historical aspect has been effective in accepting the discourse of the Islamic Revolution, so that after the arrival of the Islamic Revolution, this thought has had many effects in the security, intellectual and social fields in this region. Among these, the study of the reactions of North African intellectuals and elites and the reaction of the rulers to the Islamic Revolution has been different. Therefore, in this study, the reactions of the North African elites and rulers to the discourse of the Islamic Revolution have been evaluated. Finally, similar elements in North African culture with the discourse of the Islamic Revolution are emphasized..

Water quality is an important factor that affects all aspects of eco-system and health food-to-business activities to the sustainability and health of the echo systemThis study was carried out with the aim of investigating the qualitative changes in the Ziarat River water.

Samples from the Ziarat River Station (5 stations) were sampled each year in 2018. Samples were transferred to the Golestan University of Medical Sciences in accordance with the standard conditions, along with ice. The parameters of nitrate, phosphorus, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium, total hardness and total Fecal coliform was measured according to standard method and the Water Quality Index (WQI) was calculated.

The results of the study, based on the WQI index, showed that the index for all stations was between 29.68 and 64.78, and in some of them the average was (50-70) and some stations had poor quality ( 50-25). The most effective parameter on the water quality of the river is the BOD parameter, and then it is the total solids, turbidity, phosphate, nitrate and total Fecal coliform.

The highest level of pollution in the terminal stations (4 and 5) due to more industrial activity is the entry of sewage and effluents into the river in Gorgan. Among the measured parameters of nitrogen and phosphorus as nutrients, if left unchecked, it poses a risk of eutrophication. Agricultural, livestock and recreational activities around the river affect the water quality of the river. So that a more appropriate quality was observed in the upstream stations. Considering that the Ziarat River is one of the most important sources of water supply needed in the agricultural and industrial sectors in Golestan province. Therefore, monitoring and control of pollutants entering this river is essential.

Every year a great deal of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and sewage sludge used in agriculture soils; this may cause the increase in concentration of Soil heavy metals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of assessment of agriculture activities on accumulation of Cadmium, Cobalt and Chromium; and determines the trend of heavy metal accumulation in soil.

To achieve this purpose 97 soil samples were taken from different agriculture fields with different cultivation archaism in Hamedan province in western IRAN by systematic approach. ANOVA test has been used to compare the concentration of heavy metals in different farms, the trend of accumulation heavy metals obtained in regards to cultivation archaism and the mean of metals concentration in different cultivations. Moreover, contamination Factor Index has been used for comparison of contamination risk in cultivations with various archaisms.

Mean concentrations in 20-, 35- and 65-year-old cultures for cadmium metal were 0.14, 0.16 and 0.19, respectively, for cobalt metal, 17/94, 18/05 and 79/20, respectively and for chromium metal 58.89, 72.99 and 88.09 mg / kg, respectively. The results showed that the longevity of cultivation affected on heavy metal accumulation in soil. The trend of Cd, Co and Cr accumulation in soil was exponential.

Due to the fact that agricultural soils are one of the important routes for the transfer of heavy metals to the human food chain, it is necessary to monitor soils that are potentially exposed to toxic metals.

Golestan National Park as a unique region due to its special topography and its climate conditions has a special quality. Panthera pardus saxicolor is one of the flag’s species of the region, which is in the category of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources in the endangered class. The most important factor in reducing the population of this species is the destruction of its habitats. Therefore, recognizing the factors affecting the suitability of Panthera pardus habitat as an efficient tool, can help managers to manage and conserve the remaining habitats and select new spots. In this study, firstly, the most desirable locations for the Panthera Pardus saxicolor habitat were used. Four different patches were selected as optimum patches using the multi-criteria evaluation model. Then, electric circuit theory was used to investigate the connectivity between the Panthera pardus saxicolor habitat of these patches. Based on flow maps, the pattern of movement and functional connectivity were identified for the target species as well as the connectional area in the study area. three habitat patches along with a communication path between them from the northwest of the national park to the south-east of the park in the central area were proposed as the best corridor for the Panthera pardus saxicolor species. Although the electrical circuit theory is relatively new, it has shown that it can be very useful in modeling the corridor design on the landscape.