علی عظیمی

Migration is not always associated with a purely positive result and has various consequences. The purpose of this research was to Evaluation the psychosocial challenges of Afghan immigrant adolescents living in Rafsanjan. In the spring of 1402, 14 people from this group, who had lived in Rafsanjan for at least two years, were selected by purposeful sampling. The method of this research was descriptive phenomenology and data were obtained using semi-structured interviews and 2 final interviews were conducted to ensure data saturation. The content of the interview was coded with the seven-step method of Claysey. And finally, 72 sub-themes and 17 main themes were extracted and these items were placed in five core themes "psychological problems, cultural-communication challenges, job challenges, problems related to lifestyle change and family challenges". The findings of the present study showed that the hardships of the immigration process, along with bad memories and the challenges of adapting to the new culture in this age range, made adolescents vulnerable to mental health problems and social harms. Therefore, in order to have healthy and empathetic people, our society should have more cultural acceptance of this group and mental health services should be provided according to them.

This research explains the technological requirements for the policy of acquiring and protecting digital resources in the National Library of Iran from the stakeholders' point of view. The stakeholders form the policy's three pillars: texture, content, and process; in other words, they play an active role in the policy-making process. This research was conducted in a combined process and three stages. In the first stage, the qualitative content analysis method of related documents and documents and the qualitative data analysis software MAXQDA were used to code the texts. At this stage, the research community included 29 Latin articles, 24 Persian articles and 17 national and international standards. After that, he benefited from the expert opinions of the specialist focal group. Then, the codes from the focus group meetings were combined with the codes from the texts, and 82 codes were finalized. In the following steps, the questionnaire to determine the priority of the codes was provided to the expert group of the Delphi panel using Pressline software, and their average was finalized. The findings in the category of technological requirements included four general axes. On the axis of preserving and disseminating digital national cultural heritage, three codes for setting up and managing a national system for protecting and accessing digital resources, using digital rights management technology, and using digital protection strategy. There are two codes on the axis of the application of digital standards: the application of the principles and functional requirements of records in digital administrative environments and the application of government security standards and requirements. In the axis of using user-friendly system facilities, the code of using adaptive technologies for access to the national digital system for people with sensory-motor impairments, and in the axis of using suitable infrastructural system facilities, two codes of the possibility of loading digital resources in the national digital system and analyzing the behaviour of users to improve services, they won the highest points in the national digital system. The results of this research show that in order to solve or reduce the challenges of protecting digital information resources, it is crucial to define and apply agreed standards between libraries or agreements with business organizations in the field of national heritage. The findings also underscore the importance of managing existing and future protection challenges by applying and using standards and suitable infrastructure system facilities comprehensively and in interaction with other similar systems in Iran. The high priority given to the codes of these two axes in the Delphi panel indicates their significance in creating a strong and reliable national system. The codes of these two access with more than 50% by creating a suitable and reliable platform, the portals of acquisition digital resources to the active form is launched and the digital heritage of Iran can be saved for the present and the future

Institutions such as virtual classes, schools, and universities are essential tools for enhancing academic skills. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of Kharazmi University's e-learning program by applying the HELAM conceptual model as a framework for evaluation.

This study employed a survey research design. The target population consisted of graduate students at Kharazmi University, from which a random sample of 536 postgraduate students was selected using stratified random sampling method. A researcher-made questionnaire, based on the HELAM model and supplemented with an "overall satisfaction" factor, was used to collect data. The questionnaire was refined and translated using specialized texts and relevant research literature. Data analysis was conducted using various statistical tests, including one-sample t test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) in SPSS software, as well as confirmatory factor analysis in R software.

The findings revealed that Kharazmi University's e-learning program, as evaluated using the HELAM conceptual model, exceeded the societal average in all seven dimensions with a high degree of confidence (>99%). Notably, the support issues dimension stood out as significantly different from the others. The dimensions of content quality and service quality were found to be closely related, yet distinct from the other subscales. Finally, the dimensions of system quality, professors' attitude, overall satisfaction, and student attitude had the lowest average rankings

To further enhance the e-learning program, the managers and experts at Kharazmi University's Information and Communication Technology Center should focus on improving the system quality, professors' attitude, overall satisfaction, and student attitude dimensions. By doing so, they can elevate the performance of these areas to match the already strong support issues dimension, ultimately leading to a more comprehensive and effective e-learning experience.

The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying stressful factors perceived by teachers in first secondary schools. This research was a qualitative and descriptive phenomenological method. The studied society was formed by all the first secondary teachers of Kermanshah city in 1402-1403. The sampling of this research was non-random and purposeful. In order to achieve the goal of the research, a semi-structured interview was conducted with the teachers and the data continued until saturation, that is, 12 teachers. Data analysis was done by Claysey method. Reviewing and analyzing the data from the conversation with 12 teachers in the field of their stress and concerns in the school, led to the identification of 6 general themes of student misbehavior, the problems of the principal and assistants, the problems of the teacher, the number of students, teaching in the outskirts of the city. And the educational base. The obtained themes of the misbehavior theme include 5 sub-themes of fear of the consequences of punishment, strict classroom management, rumination, teaching disorder, confusion; The problems of the manager and deputies include 5 sub-themes of the coalition, weakness in authority-seeking, insufficient support and support, excessive skepticism and lack of coordination and agreement; For the problems of the teacher's lesson, three sub-themes are not paying attention to the desire of the learners, stricter control and the content of the book; The themes obtained for the number of students are two themes: not respecting the distance with the teacher and making more noise; Teaching in the outskirts of the city includes two themes: few facilities and many negative emotions; In the main theme of the academic foundation, 4 sub-themes of communication with virtual networks, anti-social values, larger body and moral problems were identified. The results of the data showed that students' misbehavior, then teaching in the outskirts of the city, and then the principal and assistants are the most stressful factors for teachers.

In medicine, paraffinoma is a rare and intriguing condition. This condition is characterized by an orbital lipogranulomatosis reaction caused by the penetration of mineral oils (especially paraffin) into the tissues surrounding the eye.

Patients’ Presentation:

 This case series reported three cases of orbital paraffinoma. All cases were occurred following endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery. Consequently, a literature review was conducted on orbital and peri-ocular paraffinoma. The disease-related data were classified into disease definition, differential diagnosis, clinical manifestation, radiological manifestation, histopathological diagnosis, and treatment methods, which were comprehensively reviewed.

Paraffinoma is a rare and time-delayed diagnosis following various peri-orbital surgeries, which might challenge the physician to make an accurate diagnosis at first. When patients with a history of sinus and nose surgery have masses around their orbit and eyelids, ophthalmologists should take this diagnosis into account in addition to other differential diagnoses. Therefore, otolaryngologists and ophthalmologists should prioritize prompt prevention and timely management.

Individuals with social anxiety disorder widely perceive online social networks as a convenient platform for social interaction, influencing their preference for online interaction over in-person engagement.The present research aimed to examine the experiences of adolescents with social anxiety disorder on Instagram. The research method used was descriptive phenomenology, conducted through semi-structured interviews with 12 adolescents until data saturation was reached. Instagram was selected as the sole platform among social networks due to its high usage rate and relevance. The study population consisted of male adolescents aged 15 to 18 from Tehran who were users of the Instagram app and had social anxiety disorder. Sampling in this research was done through purposeful sampling using the LaGreca Social Anxiety Scale (1999). Data analysis was carried out using the seven-step Colaizzi method. The findings related to adolescents' experiences were categorized into two core themes: "Restorative Experiences" and "Harmful Experiences." Restorative experiences encompassed four main codes: "establishing connections and maintaining friendships," "emotional regulation," "receiving mental health-related information," and "assisting in social identity formation." The core code for Harmful Experiences included "negative comparisons and evaluations," "undermining social competencies," and "weakening of personality." Adolescents with social anxiety disorder have varied positive and negative experiences on social networks. Mental health professionals can utilize the findings of this research to develop strategies and interventions tailored to adolescents' experiences

The increasing use of pesticides following the rising in agricultural, demand has threatened non-target organisms such as avian species and disrupted the ecological system. Therefore, considering the application methods and the nature of chemical pesticides, testing their toxicity level on birds, and protecting various species of endangered birds is an essential requirement from the point of view of ecosystem safety. In this study, quantitative structure-toxicity relationships modeling was done for the first time to estimate the toxicity of 244 types of pesticides on five different species of birds consist of bobwhite quail (C. virginianus), mallard duck (A. platyrhynchos), house sparrow (P. domesticus), ring-necked pheasant (P. colchicus), and Japanese quail (C. japonica). All data were randomly divided into four series including active training, passive training, calibration, and test sets. Hybrid optimal descriptors, resulting from the combination of quasi-SMILES descriptors and hydrogen- suppressed graph (HSG) based on a new target function, were used to generate QSTR models. Four target functions (TF0, TF1, TF2, TF3) were used to develop QSTR models and the predictive potential of these models was evaluated using a validation set. The QSTR models designed using TF3 target function with the range of R2 = 0.7218-0.8131 and Q2 = 0.7031-0.7878 for the validation set were statistically the best models. Statistically, the best model is model number six, with R2 values ​​for active training, passive training, calibration, and validation sets equal to 0.836, 0.852, 0.806, and 0.813, respectively. The mean absolute error (MAE) values ​​for the sets of active training, passive training, calibration and validation are 0.371, 0.342, 0.409 and 0.362, respectively, indicating the accuracy of the model created to predict the toxicity of pesticides against five species of endangered birds. From the results of this modeling, important descriptors were identified for increasing and decreasing the average effective toxicity concentration (pLD50) of pesticides. Using the QSTR models obtained from this study, it becomes possible to predict the toxicity (pLD50) of new pesticides even before their synthesis by only having the SMILES symbol of the pesticides, which can help to reduce time, resources, costs and the need for laboratory animals.

The purpose of the current research is to identify the subject trends in the co-citation network of prominent documents in the field of nuclear science and technology worldwide. Analyzing various scientific fields can assist researchers in understanding the limits and boundaries of science. Furthermore, mapping and analyzing the structure of science can serve as a guide for researchers and policymakers in different scientific fields to identify research priorities and tailor them to the specific needs of their country.

The current research is practical in terms of purpose. Initially, Scientometrics techniques were utilized to analyze the subject area of nuclear science and technology. Subsequently, the results from the Scientometrics segment of the research were scrutinized through interviews with subject matter experts. The statistical population of the research included all the documents published in the core collection of the science website in the field of nuclear science and technology (342,425 documents) for the quantitative part. For the analysis and creation of a scientific map, notable articles in the field of nuclear science and technology (40,835 articles) that received over 25 citations from 1972 to 2021 were considered. In the qualitative part of the research, a panel of 13 experts specializing in this field was formed. Citespace software was employed to analyze and create co-citation maps of notable documents in the field of nuclear science and technology. To examine the evolution in the field of nuclear science and technology from 1972 to 2021, a 50-year timeframe was divided into five ten-year intervals. Subsequently, the top 50 nodes' threshold for each of the 10-year time frames was selected using the trial-and-error method. 

The results of the research showed that among the 205 countries participating in the production of articles in the field of nuclear science and technology, the United States of America produced 84,359 scientific papers. The magazine Nuclear Instruments Methods in Physics Research Section Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment produced 46,547 articles. Scientifically, the United States of America Energy Agency ranked first by producing 33,943 scientific degrees. The subject area of nuclear science technology, with 336,489 scientific degrees, is considered a pioneer in the production of scientific degrees in this field. The co-citation network of documents in global dimensions formed 57 thematic clusters. The results of the co-citation analysis of articles in global dimensions showed that Cluster #0 and Cluster #1, both with 29 members, are the largest subject clusters formed from 1972 to 2021. The average year of formation of Cluster #0 is 1978, and the dominant topic of this cluster is computer studies and profiles. The next important cluster is Cluster #1, formed in 2018, making it the newest cluster in the field of nuclear science and technology. The topic of this cluster is deep learning and its application in nuclear sciences. The largest number of clusters (15 out of 57) was formed in the last period, 2012-2021, indicating the special attention of world researchers to various topics in the field of nuclear science and technology. 

The increasing number of published articles and the upward trend of publications in the field of nuclear science and technology each year underscore the significance and value of this subject area. Research indicates that nuclear science and technology find applications in various disciplines such as physics, chemistry, medicine, medical imaging, and geology. The emergence of thematic clusters like radiation medicine and medical imaging demonstrates the diverse topics and varied applications of nuclear science and technology across different research domains. The establishment of clusters focusing on deep learning in nuclear sciences further highlights the relevance of this field and its advancements in alignment with modern technological developments.

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the type of effects that adolescent girls receive from celebrities in the development of their identity. The research method was a qualitative type of interpretive phenomenology. The study population was 11 adolescent girls aged 12 to 14 years old in Talesh city of Gilan province in the summer of 2011, who were selected and participated in the study using the purposeful sampling method and to the point of information saturation. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data. After recording each interview, the extracted content was implemented word by word on paper. Data coding continued simultaneously with data collection. Data analysis was done using Van Manen's method (2016) in 6 steps. A total of 221 primary codes, 57 primary concepts, 13 sub-themes and 2 main themes were obtained from 11 interviews. The main themes include "positive consequences of affectability" with sub-themes "strengthening openness; strengthening courage and tenacity; enhance social interest; attention to the body and health; strengthening hope and vitality; strengthening communication and emotional skills; and strengthening Iranian-Islamic beliefs" and "negative consequences of affectability" including "weakening and wandering of identity; fashionism; Disagreement with family; Extreme attention to appearance and body image; excessive fantasy; and addiction to virtual space and academic failure. The results showed that due to the increasing growth of virtual space and social networks, the culture of orientation towards celebrities is considered one of the sources of identity of teenagers.

In an era where information permeates every facet of our lives, the role of information consultants has gained prominence. These professionals serve as navigators, guiding individuals, organizations, and communities through the vast sea of data, ensuring informed decisions and meaningful outcomes. The aim of this research is to conduct a needs assessment for establishing the information consultant profession. Information consultant needs assessment involves examining the areas of need, the dimensions of those needs, and the requirements for acquiring this profession. Introducing the characteristics of information consultants appears essential given the rapid advancement of sciences and society’s need for purposeful guidance to access scientific and social benefits and achievements. In this comprehensive study, a needs assessment was meticulously conducted to uncover the underlying necessities within the information consultant profession.

The present research carried out with a qualitative approach and a combination of two tools was used for data collection: library study and structured interviews. In this study, initially, relevant texts were extracted through systematic searches in target databases, including ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, and domestic databases such as IranDoc, SID, and NoorMags. For the extraction of variables related to information consulting needs, 458 open codes were obtained from text analysis. Additionally, 122 codes were identified from interviews conducted with 12 experts in this field. Subsequently, the extracted codes from expert interviews were integrated with the concepts from the texts (a total of 580 codes). The main themes (selective coding) were categorized into four groups: current, incipient, unanswered, and future needs.

After a review of history and the groundworks of information consultant profession, a needs assessment was conducted to reveal the critical needs for the establishment of the information consultant profession. The recent needs assessment conducted shed light on these diverse requirements, categorizing them into four distinct areas. Regarding the requirements for establishing a professional information-sharing profession, 32 categories were identified, comprising a total of 580 components. Among the current needs, we can mention health literacy, engagement in industrial processes, resilience in the face of disruptions and unforeseen conditions, and job placement and career change. For incipient needs, we can highlight circular economy, integration with artificial intelligence, generative artificial intelligence, virtual identity and social networks, and industrial and commercial domains related to the human genome. Unaddressed needs include themes: organizational culture internationalization and compatibility, multi-modal data, increased uncertainty and the need for innovation, widespread use of clean energy, conflict between transparency and the interests of the organization, security and confidentiality in Metaverse. Future needs include: expanding boundaries and administrative processes, the secret language of science, cloud-based life, and cyborg-human integration.

Originality/value:

 Delving into the intricate world of information needs, we explored the essential role played by information consultants in our society. Beyond mere data retrieval, we dissected the dimensions of these needs, revealing why information consultants truly matter. By gaining a holistic understanding of our evolving information landscape, we recognized that information consultants must be well-equipped to address diverse requirements—from immediate queries to emerging trends. This research not only highlighted the extensive information needs but also laid the groundwork for a specialized profession. Whether deciphering health information, staying updated on global events or making informed business decisions, individuals seek reliable sources and expert insights. Information consultants, with their outside perspective and accumulated experience, bridge the gap, offering expertise, context, and personalized support.

Recent advances in technology and online communications have had significant impacts on emotional relationships, leading to a noticeable increase in long-distance emotional relationships.The present research aims to investigate the challenges faced by adolescent boys in online emotional relationships.
This qualitative research is conducted with a phenomenological approach. The study
population consisted of adolescents aged 16 to 20 residing in Rafsanjan in the spring of 2023. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, with the main criterion being that adolescents have an emotional connection with someone living more than 100 kilometers away. Data collection continued until data saturation was achieved and was completed with 11 interviews. Data was collected through unstructured interviews and analyzed using the content analysis method..
After coding the data, the findings were categorized into 8 thematic codes and 3 main themes: "psychological challenges," "sociocultural challenges," and "challenges related to social networks."
Based on the research findings, adolescent boys in long-distance online emotional relationships face various problems and challenges. Understanding these challenges can assist us in better comprehending how to address them, formulate solutions based on their needs and experiences, and guide them toward healthy and deep emotional relationships.

The Covid-19 pandemic crisis has highlighted the importance of open and timely access to scientific information. The aim of this study was to explain the world community's efforts to open access in the Covid-19 pandemic crisis.

This was a review study in terms of approach using documentary research method. In this regard, open access literature was studied using searches on Google search engine, Google Scholar and databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and the websites of publishers, journals and scientific institutions, focusing on the Covid-19 pandemic crisis.

Since the formation of the open access movement, this issue has attracted a lot of attention and extensive efforts have been made in the direction of open access to research publications by the scientific community. Publishers, financial sponsors and international institutions have also entered this arena and various statements and plans have been formed in order to recognize the open access movement and its development. “Budapest Open Access Initiative”, “Bethesda Statement on Open Access Publishing”, “Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities” are the first measures in this regard. On the other hand, the importance of access to timely information, especially in the fields of medical sciences and information related to health and diseases, is worthy of attention in promoting public health. The need to pay attention to open access and sharing of information and the consequences of not doing so has become more important with the occurrence of critical and emergency situations caused by pandemic and public health emergencies. Along with the emergence of COVID-19 and the pandemic caused by it, many researches have been conducted in order to deal with the crisis of this disease and to find solutions for its treatment and control. The aspects of this deadly disease have attracted the attention of everyone, especially scientists and scholars in various fields around the world, and an unprecedented number of articles have been published in this field. In addition, many international organizations have published various information about the disease of COVID-19 in the form of open access, for example, “WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard” and "Coronavirus Watch". The unprecedented crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of information transparency and timely and open access to it. Access to accurate and timely information about this emerging disease is very important and can help to assess and understand the risks and obtain strategies to contain it, strong evidence, better information and support for decisions and policies in the direction of public health. The need to provide suitable solutions for treatment, prevention and control of the disease on the one hand and the increasing number of researches on COVID-19 on the other hand, has created new opportunities in the system of scientific communication and publication of research findings, and the scientific community has decided to accelerate the cycle of knowledge to find possible solutions to deal with the disease crisis. Explaining the efforts and measures taken in this direction during the COVID-19 pandemic as the most important global crisis and concern can provide useful information to the scientific community, especially those involved in research. Considering the unprecedented nature of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, as well as the importance of timely and open access to scientific information about this disease, the question arises as to what measures have been taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis? Also, what measures and measures have been taken for free access to scientific information about the pandemic? A review of the literature regarding the issue of open access in the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic showed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, a global effort has been made to facilitate open access to COVID-19 research findings. The need for appropriate strategies for the treatment, prevention and control of the disease and the increasing number of COVID-19 research has affected the system of scientific communication and the publication of research findings and the world community, especially reputable publishers and scientific institutions, have made extensive statements, measures and efforts to provide open access to as much scientific information as possible about the disease. During the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic, many publishers, journals and funders have committed to open access in a statement to ensure that research findings and data relevant to this outbreak are shared rapidly and openly to inform the public health response and help save lives. The measures and actions of publishers and scientific journals in this regard are worthy of attention. Access to Elsevier's free medical and health research related to COVID-19 is possible through the "Elsevier's Novel Coronavirus Information Center". Elsevier has also created a collection of free resources, including evidence-based clinical guidelines and more than 41,000 research articles to read, download and extract data, in support of the research communities' impressive efforts in the fight against COVID-19. This guide provides an overview of the resources. Through the "COVID-19 Resource Centre", Lancet has provided free access to all research articles, review articles, news and analysis related to COVID-19 from its journals. Springer Nature has provided free access to the latest COVID-19 articles through the "Coronavirus (COVID-19) Research Highlights". The publisher has now enabled free access to articles, book chapters, reference works and protocols on its platforms and has supported all researchers to make their experimental datasets freely available. Springer Nature has made more than 8,700 preprint articles on COVID-19 available through “Research Square”, with links to key resources, free content, and up-to-date information related to COVID-19, along with key information and policies in support of access from placed far away. NEJM has made available a collection of articles and resources such as clinical reports and management guides about the pandemic, as well as a collection of resources about the COVID-19 vaccines. BMJ's Coronavirus (COVID-19) Hub has also supported health professionals and researchers through open access to practical guides, online courses, as well as the latest BMG news, opinions and research. PLOS is committed to publishing research as quickly as possible, especially in public health emergencies. All articles published in PLOS journals are free for all readers. PLOS articles collection highlights all the content related to the COVID-19 pandemic published in PLOS journals. To support the efforts of global health professionals and the scientific research community, Taylor & Francis has created a special collection of research articles related to COVID-19, providing free access to published articles related to COVID-19 in the publisher's major medical journals. he does. This collection is updated weekly. On the other hand, the archive of all research articles related to COVID-19 published in 2020 by Taylor & Francis has also been made available to the audience. Wiley has created the "COVID-19 Resources" in order to help researchers, educators and specialists for online training and access to the latest research on COVID-19. Believing in the power of social and behavioral sciences to transform the best medical research into policies and procedures for development, SAGE has published a collection of the latest medical research related to COVID-19 published by this publisher, as well as the best social and behavioral research in order to help It has enabled individuals, communities and guardians to make the best decisions to deal with the pandemic and its consequences. Science journals are trying to make research related to COVID-19 available in open access. The "COVID-19" option is placed on the main page of the Science website. CABI has also created free access to more than 37,000 records related to COVID-19 in its online platforms, Global Health and CAB Abstracts in order to support global efforts to deal with the disease pandemic. Global Health provides researchers and students with unparalleled access to all public health research and practices in the world - providing knowledge without borders. “Sci-Dev.Net” also includes episodes about the coronavirus in the Health, Science and Development series. Wolters Kluwer is also one of the publishers that has provided free access to publications related to COVID-19 in order to support professionals. According to IFLA reports, the actions of publishers such as Penguin Random House and Macmillan, as well as the measures of Audible and ENSSIB in terms of access to resources, are worthy of attention. Some libraries, such as the National Library and Archives of Iran, have provided extensive access to their users. Some associations and scientific societies, such as the International Coalition of Library Consortia, LIBER and the Association of University Library Directors in France, have asked publishers to facilitate access to works. Italian and Spanish librarians have called for more open access efforts. During the crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic, open access has also attracted the attention of scientific institutions, and extensive measures have been taken in this direction by them. In the January 30 statement, the Global Preparedness Monitoring Board called for immediate measures such as the free and immediate sharing of all information about the pandemic, the cooperation of countries to immediately allocate resources to prevent, identify and inform about the pandemic and the rapid sharing of research data by the research community, support Low-income countries are advised to ensure proper notification to national and international communities to control the pandemic. On January 30, 2020, following the recommendations of the Emergency Committee, the Director-General of the World Health Organization declared the disease pandemic a public health emergency of international concern. The world's scientists gathered on February 11-12, 2020 at the headquarters of the World Health Organization in Geneva to assess the current level of knowledge about the new virus and about critical questions and find solutions to contribute to accelerating and funding research priorities and solving the pandemic crisis and preparedness Discuss and negotiate for future issues. This meeting led to an agreement on two basic goals. The first case was to accelerate innovative research to help curb the pandemic and facilitate care, and the second case was to support research priorities that contribute to global research platforms. The World Health Organization believes that the coherence of countries is necessary to ensure fair access to the effects of COVID-19. The World Health Organization is collecting global research on the disease COVID-19 and the latest findings and international multilingual scientific information on the pandemic. UNESCO has also emphasized the value and necessity of open solutions in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic and believes that open access to scientific information can facilitate better and faster research in the direction of a suitable vaccine, and open Educational Resources help everyone to use their information. updates about COVID-19 and also teaches how to follow public health recommendations. Relying on its mission to ensure global access to information, UNESCO has taken various initiatives to apply open solutions in the fight against the pandemic. For example, the Coronavirus Watch provides a global view of the pandemic situation. The COVID-19 Universal REsource gateway (CURE) is also an immediate response to the pandemic. IFLA has made efforts to encourage the World Intellectual Property Organization to emphasize how balanced intellectual property laws can help facilitate access. IFLA has also provided a list of key resources for libraries in response to the COVID-19 pandemic on its website. Open access is also emphasized in the statement of the President and Secretary General of IFLA. Following the COVID-19 crisis, priorities have also been considered in the SPARC program. Also, the Copyright Clearance Center recognizes publishing and information institutions to participate in the public interest through access to scientific, news and educational materials related to COVID-19. The list of institutions is regularly updated. The Islamic World Science and Technology Monitoring and Citation Institute has also launched the "COVID-19 Visualizer" in order to provide up-to-date statistics about the pandemic situation and accelerate the transmission of scientific findings about COVID-19. In addition, government officials have also called for open access to the publications of COVID-19. The National Science and Technology Advisors of the United States of America, Canada, England, Australia, Brazil, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, India, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea and the European Commission have published an open letter asking scientific publishers to Pandemic, make publications related to COVID-19 available with open access through PubMed Central and other public databases such as the World Health Organization's COVID-19 database. The world community’s efforts demonstrate the growing importance of open access and increasing attention to this issue. It seems that the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic crisis could provide lessons for better preparedness for possible future crises. The present study is one of the first studies conducted in our country regarding the free access movement in the pandemic crisis and tried to present a picture of the efforts of the scientific community in this field in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is obvious that future researches on the wide dimensions and angles of this issue can cause the scientific community to become more aware of the importance of free access, especially in crises.

The world community’s efforts demonstrate the growing importance of open access and increasing attention to this issue. It seems that the global response to the Covid-19 pandemic crisis could provide lessons for better preparedness for possible future crises. If open access is considered as a value in the system of publishing and research communications, the development and generalization of this value requires the adoption of policies and requirements of the scientific community in order to develop it as a global value.

Female adolescents are at risk of online sexual harassment as they are in a period of sexual identity formation and sexual exploration. Thus, studying online sexual harassment in female adolescents can contribute to preventing this type of abuse and reducing its possible consequences. To this end, the present study aimed to analyze the factors underlying online sexual harassment in female adolescents. This study was conducted using a qualitative and descriptive phenomenological approach. The participants (n = 15) were selected through purposive sampling from 15-19-year-old female adolescents in Tehran who had a history of online sexual harassment at least once. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews until the data were theoretically saturated. Two additional interviews were conducted to ensure data saturation. The collected data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step method with MAXQDA-2020 software. Data analysis revealed 20 subthemes, 11 main themes (intrapersonal psychological factors, interpersonal psychological factors, the role of culture, the influence of the media, the role of peers, the role of the family, unrestricted online interactions, the feeling of no identity in cyberspace, the role of people online, unawareness, and inadequate training), and 4 core themes (predisposing psychological factors, predisposing social and cultural factors, the role of cyberspace structure, and unawareness and inadequate training). The insights from this study implied that people close to adolescents can play a big role in preventing and stopping online sexual harassment by providing support, giving information, and responsible reporting. Moreover, professionals can prevent online sexual harassment in female adolescents by developing effective training programs based on the factors underlying online sexual harassment.

Co-citation and word co-occurrence analysis can help to identify key articles in any subject area. Therefore, the purpose of the current paper is to identify the thematic orientation in the co-citation and co-occurrence network of prominent articles in water pollution field in the world.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose, and descriptive in terms of type, which was carried out using co-citation and word co-occurrence analysis. In order to better understand the research conducted in water pollution and draw a scientific map of this field, all the published articles (28095 docs) were retrieved in the Web of Science database from 2011 to 2022 in August 20, 2023. Citespace software was used to analyze and draw co-citation maps and VOSviewer was used to analyze and draw word co-occurrence maps in water pollution articles.

Generally, there exists 245 co-citation link between 101 documents in the co-citation network of articles. The top articles in water pollution field in the above-mentioned time period formed 12 thematic clusters. The results of co-referencing documents in water pollution state the formation of the most important cluster (cluster 0) in 2014 in drinking water, removing arsenic, groundwater pollution. The largest number of clusters (5 clusters out of the total number of 12 clusters) was formed in the period of 2017-2019. The word co-occurrence results stated that cluster number 1 with 65 members and the topic of different methods of wastewater treatment is the most important one discussed in the articles. The terms "water pollution", "adsorption", "water quality" have the highest frequency of co-occurrence compared to other terms with 2177, 2136, 945 respectively.

Different clusters were formed in this research, most of which focus on removing pollution in water in different ways using the latest methods. These results can be an effective step in saving the time and money of officials in forming necessary policies.

The present research aims to develop a model for automatically inferring the relationships between terms in the Thesaurus of Islamic Sciences using Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN). By employing new algorithms in the field of deep learning, the research seeks to enhance the efficiency of information retrieval in the Thesaurus of Islamic Sciences. To enhance accuracy and comprehensiveness, reduce costs, and improve relationships between terms.
The current research employed used of convolutional networks method, networks, is are one of the crucial techniques methods in the field of learning. This method is capable of leveraging from the relationship patterns in the while also focusing on to the characteristics of each node. The dataset under study comprises all the terms from the thesaurus of Islamic sciences generated between 1994 and the early 2022, which are represented as a graph. The vertices represent the terms, and the edges represent the relationships between the terms in the graph. This graph is provided as input to the convolutional network, which then generates a model for the automatic inference of connections. And in order to analyze the obtained outputs, AP and ROC standards have been used.
The revealed showed the model achieved the average accuracy 75% and a Roc score of 72% obtained for the data. It is noteworthy to accept the results considering that this method was used for the first time in the field of Islamic sciences and thesauruses.
Despite shift in preference opinion thesauri thesauruses to ontologies, the use thesauri remains still of particularly especially in Iran. Compared to previous research, the method used to construct the thesaurus is different, resulting in more reliable outcomes. Consequently, we can expect improved results for various purposes, such as automatic indexing. New advancements in natural language processing and deep learning also give us hope for improvements in information retrieval and automatic indexing.

Future research is about identifying, devising, presenting, testing and evaluating possible and probable futures in order to choose the preferred futures based on the values of the society and help to build the most desirable future. The production of science and technology is the most important factor in maintaining the survival, independence and progress of the country and a serious tool for competition in different world arenas. Based on this, the aim of the current research is to identify the factors affecting the growth of scientific products in the field of nuclear science and technology.

The method of conducting this research is mixed and exploratory. In the first step, in order to extract the effective factors on the growth of scientific productions in the field of nuclear science and technology, research literature was studied in various sources such as domestic and foreign articles, internet sites, notes, newspapers, etc. And in the next step, interviews were conducted with subject experts to design the questionnaire. The mentioned questionnaire was given to three professors for the pre-examination and was edited based on their suggestions. Finally, after re-studying the theoretical foundations of related researches and applying the opinions of the professors, the questionnaire was edited and sent to the Delphi panel for answering. The statistical population of the present research in the Delphi panel is 13 subject experts in the field of nuclear sciences. To identify and select the statistical sample, the snowball sampling method was used.

Finally, the results showed that 32 main factors affect the growth of scientific productions in the field of nuclear science and technology. These factors were placed in 5 general categories. Among these 32 factors, 8 factors are related to experimental factors, 7 factors are related to managerial factors, 7 factors are related to cultural and social factors, 6 factors are related to political factors and finally 4 factors are related to financial factors. The Delphi process was completed in three rounds. Every factor that scored above 3 in the third round of Delphi was selected and ranked as an influential factor in its group. Finally, 23 factors managed to score above 3.  Of the 23 factors that managed to get a score above 3, 8 factors are related to education, 6 factors are related to social and cultural factors, 4 factors are related to managerial factors, 3 factors are related to political factors, and 2 factors are related to financial factors. All factors related to education managed to get a score above 3, which shows the high impact of education on the growth of scientific productions in the field of nuclear science and technology in the future. The educational factors affecting the future growth of scientific productions in the field of nuclear science and technology are respectively:  Increasing the training of laboratory skills (with 4.84 points), increasing the connection between education and research centers with the nuclear industry (with 4.1 points), paying attention to innovation and scientific discoveries in the country (with 3.85 points), strengthening the cycle of science and technology (with 3.75 points), designing specialized training courses (with 3.6 points), increasing scientific cooperation with prominent domestic and foreign scientists in this field (with 3.56 points), improving and improving the performance of the higher education system (with 3.31 points), more access to information sources of other countries in the field Nuclear Science (with 3.2 points)

The results of the future study of factors affecting the growth of nuclear science and technology products showed that education is the most influential factor in the upward growth process of products in this field. Therefore, it is necessary to make necessary policies in the country's education sector to achieve this goal. In general, since future studies provide a structured opportunity to look into the future and examine the role of effective factors in creating the future, it makes it possible to create a favorable perspective for decision makers and policy makers. By identifying and creating new capacities and capabilities, new horizons make it possible to take advantage of opportunities in the future. Moreover, with this approach, the problems and inadequacies caused by the future conditions can be counted and it will be possible to fix them.

Since the formation of the open access movement, extensive efforts have been made by the scientific community to provide open access to research publications. Open access to scientific information is one of the solutions that can lead to better visibility and use of knowledge by removing barriers to access. Dissemination of accurate and immediate scientific information about this emerging disease is very important and can help to assess and achieve solutions to control it, strong evidence, better information and support for public health decisions. Access to the maximum possible information about this disease is very important not only for the scientific community but also for everyone around the world. Open access allows researchers to engage with the rapidly growing research of Covid-19 and use relevant information to identify this new virus and reach solutions to the global health crisis. The unprecedented crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic has revolutionized the system of schientific communication and the disseminiation of research findings and the scientific community has taken many measures in order to access information related to this disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the publication patterns of Covid-19 pandemic research.

This exploratory study was conducted as a descriptive-analytical report using a scientometric approach. The research population of the study was comprised of Covid-19 related publications which were indexed in the Web of Science database from the beginning of 2020 to April 2021. Data collection was carried out using Web of Science and Unpaywall databases. The data was analyzed usnin Microsoft Excel and SPSS (version 23).

The findings showed that 92 percent of the examined articles in the area of COVID-19 pandemic have been published in one of the open access models. Over 40 percent of articles were published under the gold open access models, while 33 percent were bronze open access, 10 percent were green open access, and another 9 percent were hybrid open access. The results related to the fit of the publication model demonstrated the S-shape pattern of publications. Accordingly, we observed a slow publication pace in the early months of 2020 followed by a steady continuation of the publication speed during that year.

Non-open access articles accounted for only 8 percent of all COVID-19 related publications examined in this research. There has been a successful international agreement among scientific publishers regarding open access publication of the research findings related to COVID-19 pandemic. This can be considered as a remarkable achievement during the global crisis of the pandemic.

The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the types of services, opportunities, capacities and challenges of public libraries in providing health information from the texts of this field.

The research method is a systematic literature review, and the systematic study framework of Kitchenham and Charters was used to carry out it. By identifying the databases and query terms, searches were conducted and finally, by refining the sources and applying the entry and exit criteria to the research, 37 sources in English and 3 sources in Farsi were entered into the systematic review. The research tool was a checklist type. The information obtained by summarizing the contents is presented in the form of a table.

The results show that the types of services include six general categories of health information, social determinants of health, health literacy education, direct provision of health services, promotion of physical mobility, and alternative and complementary care services. Capacities were categorized into four general categories: human resources, resources, library functions, and fundamental values of libraries. The opportunities included four general categories: using the capacity of other organizations, strengthening human resources, providing a place to provide health services, and increasing community resilience in crises. Finally, the challenges included: nature of the issue, libraries policy, budget, resources, equipment and technology, space, services, inter-organizational cooperation, specialized human resources, communication with clients, and client problems.

Originality/Value:

 Considering the status of providing health information services in Iran’s public libraries’ service portfolio, awareness of the types of services, capacities, opportunities, and challenges of public libraries in the world in providing health information to citizens is useful for designing or providing health information services in Iranian libraries.

COVID-19 is an emerging viral disease that has led to many deaths worldwide over the past 2 years. However, due to the lower incidence of the disease in children, the information available to compare children and adults with COVID-19 is still limited. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the paraclinical findings of children and adults with COVID-19.

After extracting laboratory findings, CT scan and outcome of hospitalization of children and adults hospitalized due to COVID-19 in Shahid Beheshti hospital in Kashan from March 2020 to March 2021 through HIS and PACS systems, all this information were compared between children and adults.

After analyzing the data of 15 children and 66 adults, it was observed that increased CRP (P=0.030), LDH (P=0.002) and lymphopenia (P<0.001) and hyponatremia (P=0.030) were higher in adults but increased creatinine (P<0.001) was observed more in children. Also, ground-glass opacity (P=0.020) was observed more in children than adults, but Halo sign (P=0.001) and lung severity score (P<0.001) was higher in adults.

Children and adults with COVID-19 differ in many ways, including CRP, LDH, lymphocyte, sodium, and creatinine laboratory tests. This difference is seen in some radiological findings, and the lung severity score on CT scans of adults is higher than children, also.

 Citation analysis and drawing citation maps is one of the widely used techniques in the analysis of scientific documents. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to learn as much as possible about the field of Iranian nuclear sciences by creating a citation map based on scientific metrics.

 This applied descriptive study was conducted using the citation method. In this study, all scientific productions of Iranian nuclear sciences (6155 documents) in the period of 1990-2021 and on May 26, 2021 in Web of Science (WoS) were studied. VOSviewer and Excel were used to analyze and draw the citation map.

 The results showed that Annals of Nuclear Energy was the best journal with the publication of 187 documents; Qavami's article (2014) was the best article with 530 citations, and Seyyed Mohammad Nabavi was considered the best author in the field of nuclear sciences with 23 documents and 993 citations. Among the universities in the country, Islamic Azad University took the first place with 868 documents and 6577 citations. The most cited documents in Iranian nuclear sciences were placed in 12 subject clusters, making the first cluster with the subjects of Medical Physics and Nuclear Medicine formed the largest cluster with 21 documents. The most frequently cited authors in this subject area also had 21 subject clusters, making the first cluster the largest with 103 authors and the subjects of medical physics and radiology. Moreover, the most frequently cited organizations in this subject area had 19 subject clusters, with the first cluster being the largest with 70 organizations.

 Although the growth process in the production of documents in the field of nuclear sciences in Iran has been accompanied by ups and downs, scientific production in this field is generally increasing. The results of the citation analysis in this field can be an effective step in identifying as many scientific productions as possible and in keeping track of publications and considerations in this field for policy making in the shortest possible time.

Leaving service by employees has many direct and indirect consequences and costs for the health system, and it is important to study and recognize it. The tendency to leave service is the best predictor of actual service left. In this study, we aimed to determine the organizational factors related to the tendency of non-governmental health workers to leave the service in the suburbs of Mashhad.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 323 health workers in 2018-2019. Data collection was performed by a researcher-made questionnaire included demographic characteristics, three dimensions of work environment, job demand, and social support. Research data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics

The tendency to leave the service was about 64%. The mean score of work environment, job demand, and social support of organizational dimensions related to the tendency to leave were 45.95, 39.92, and 38.49, respectively. The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that with one unit increase in the scores of work environment, labor demand, and social support, provided that other variables are constant, the chances of leaving the service were reduced 0.923, ,0.899 and 0.876, respectively. (P <0.001).

In conclusion, clear job descriptions, appropriate salar,y and benefits considering to the type of work and workload, reducing ambiguity and role conflict, increasing job diversity, increasing authority, opportunities for advancement, supportive leadership can lead to increased job satisfaction and consequently, increase the tendency to stay and reduce the tendency to leave service.

The purpose of this study is to investigate tax avoidance and investment efficiency by emphasizing the ability to compare financial statements and competition in the product market. Using a sample of 123 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period 2010-2019 and using the least squares regression method is generalized, then classified in Excel and finally the data is tested in EVIEWS software. In the present study, cross-sectional and composite data sets are used to analyze the model. The results showed that tax avoidance can lead to increased deviation from the expected level of investment and investment inefficiency, and in case of intervention, the ability to compare financial statements and competition. In the product market, this relationship will be adjusted. Thus, the comparability of financial statements weakens this relationship and intensifies competition in the product market.

The characteristics of fire clay soil mines are their High Geologic Variable Reserves. This article presents a model for scheduling such mines. The objective function is defined by minimizing costs. For the first time, constraints were added to the model to explore new minerals. Slope constraints were also defined by cost. To execute the model, one of the working face in the mine was considered. Standard scheduling model was used to evaluate the validity of the obtained results and the material layers were considered as hypothetical blocks. These models were solved for 8 time periods (weeks) by CPLEX software. The results showed that the assumed model was able to reduce costs by 4% compared to the standard model. Extract rate increased by 18.5% and transferring to stockpile by 17% compared to standard model. But the rate of material reclaiming from the stockpile was 90% lower than the standard model. The results of the sensitivity analysis of the parameters also showed that the extraction cost per ton of minerals is currently at a turning point in the graph. The cost of transporting each ton of minerals to the stockpiles has two minimum points, which is currently at the local minimum. Mining costs were not sensitive to the cost of reclaiming. Slope creating costs are not optimal in the second bench of the mine, and with a bit of optimization these costs can reduce overall mine costs. The costs of developing slopes in the third and fourth levels also follow a rational procedure, and as these costs increase, overall mine costs also increase.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are among the important organic pollutants in the aquatic ecosystems generally generated by natural and human processes. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration and distribution of PAHs and the origin of these compounds in the surface sediments of the Protected Chalous River in Mazandaran Province. Sampling of surface sediments of the riverbed was performed at four stations located along the river (Darkala, first ring bridge, Chalous fountain bridge and estuary). The extraction and analysis of PAHs was performed using standard Soxhlet method in two stages: column chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The highest and lowest total amount of these compounds (∑PAHs) was observed in the surface sediments of the riverbed at the estuary and Darkala stations (903.8±144.30 and 51.71±19.33 ng/g) respectively. The trend of accumulation of PAHs in the surface sediments showed that the ∑PAHs concentration increased from the upstream to downstream in the river. Determining the origin of PAHs in surface sediments of the riverbed using isomeric diagnostic ratios showed that the origin of PAHs in the river was a mixture of petrogenic and pyrogenic sources with petrogenic dominance. According to the NOAA sediment quality standard, the sediments samples were in the range of moderate pollution in the studied stations, except at Darkala station, located upstream of Chalous river and had low pollution. The influx of agricultural effluents from the surrounding farms, the increase in population and vehicles in the area has led to an increase in the composition of PAHs in river sediments.