فاطمه غریبی

Understanding the relationship between institutions and economic performance, as well as how institutional quality differs across countries, has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Northern countries support economic progress due to having strong institutions. On the other hand, weak institutions in southern countries prevent their progress. Therefore, it is very important for policymakers to identify the factors affecting institutional quality and to understand how institutional quality affects economic growth in order to develop efficient economic policies. The main motivation of the present study is to understand the effect of improving institutional quality on Iran's economic growth through total factor productivity using the Global Trade Analysis Project model. In this regard, the data were aggregated into two regions (Iran and the rest of the world) and ten sectors based on the research objective. To achieve the main objective of the study, two scenarios were evaluated: 1) Increasing the growth rate of production factor productivity in Iran (due to improving institutional quality); 2) Increasing the growth rate of production factor productivity in other regions of the world (due to improving institutional quality). The results show that improving institutional quality through increasing the growth rate of production factor productivity in Iran leads to higher economic growth in Iran and its sub-sectors.

The main purpose of this research was to identify the important and essential components of belonging to the students at Islamic Azad University of Iran.

The method of the current research is qualitative in the form of thematic analysis with Atride Stirling method. Semi-structured interviews have been used to obtain information and a brief description of the experiences and perceptions of specialists, experts and executives. In this regard, with the number of 37 students at Azad University in 2023, in the bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees who were in different fields. Validation of this research was considered as a qualitative paradigm based on four criteria: credibility (credibility), impartiality (verifiability), reliability (compatibility), and applicability (transferability).

Based on the findings of the research, for belonging, there are 5 overarching themes (evolving transformation, expanding interaction, expanding support, delimiting and expanding development), 16 organizing themes under the headings (sense of self-efficacy, sense of independence, psychological well-being, sense of worth , student communication, communication with the scientific community, intercultural interaction, support, creativity in recruiting, quality of services, facilitation, access to the university, acceptability of professors, job creation, skill training, flourishing of talents) and 145 basic themes were identified.

By conducting this research, it was found that belonging has all the components of basic human motivation, in the sense that belonging does not come from other forms of motivation, but it is alone as a motivational structure.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the designing the framework for the management of the green school, which was done using the metasynthesis.

First, 76 primary sources were extracted in which the green school management was referred. It was done by searching in the national document databases. Then, the primary sources reached by considering the degree of connection with the research topic and 20 sources were selected for the final review. In the following, it was analyzed using the content analysis method of Atride Sterling.

Effectiveness indicators were used for the validity of the research results in the stages of data collection and coding. The result of this analysis showed 12 components in three main categories: 1) school based, 2) green management, 3) bioenvironmental thinking as the main components of green school-based management.Finally, it indicated the priority importance of the components, while using the ideas of ten technical experts of higher education and education. Therefore, the three items: related-school, green management, and bioenvironmental thinking in green school-based management had the most and highest importance.

Discussion and conclusion:

The results revealed that the components of the green school-based management model should be consider in the ministry of education and the continuous evaluation system of green school performance in the form of feedback, quality and effectiveness, and in order to achieve all these achievements, specific attentions should be paid to teaching self-confidence and self-reliance, targeting in life, strengthening morale, solving life problems in the beliefs of people who make up the society and used the experts at higher levels.

In this study Kochia scoparia, a halophyte and dicotyledonous was used as a source to gene isolation. First, using primers designed in conserved regions of this gene in plants of the same family, an approximate length of 1605 nucleotides and a sequence of 535 amino acids from the encoding sequence of this gene were identified and sequenced. Using BLAST analysis, the similarity rate of this sequence with 87%- 90% -87% homology at nucleotide level, and 98%- 99% homology at amino acid level with NHX genes of Chenopodiaceae family was determined. Analyses on protein characterization and its relationship with other proteins were conducted through bioinformatics studies. Based on the presence of second protein structures, it has been found that in the studied polypeptide, there are 11 alpha spirals in the region passing through the membrane, and the amino acids of the water-defect characteristic are located in the membrane passage region, while the carboxylic terminal with fewer alpha helix and high hydrophilic property can be introduced as the cytoplasmic region of the protein of interest. These results verified the role of sodium efflux for resistance response to salinity in Kochia using plasma membrane transporters.

The effect of Sodium Alginate coating enriched with entromorpha algae extract as a natural antioxidant on shelf life of common crap fillet (Cyprinus carpio) from Caspian sea (in 2013) were examined on chilled environment (4 ±1 °c). Carp fillet contains Treatments Sodium alginate (3%) and Sodium Alginate with 1.5 percent Entromorpha algae extract and control (without any additives). Treatments were investigated at regular intervals ( 4 days ) and 16 days for chemical tests (Peroxides, free fatty acids ,Thiobarbituric acid, total volatile nitrogenous bases , PH s ) microbiological tests (number of total and psychrophilic bacteria). According to results, Peroxides, free fatty acids, Thiobarbituric acid, total volatile nitrogenous bases, color and odor on Sodium Alginate treatment with 1.5 percent of Entromorpha algae extract had less change in comparison to other treatments (P< 0.05). Texture and taste on Entromorpha algae extract had better value. The results indicated that Sodium Alginate cover with Entromorpha algae extract is effective on decay rate of toxic chemicals and the sensory status improvement of common carp fillets during storage in cold conditions (4 ±1° C