فاطمه هاشمی

Considering the decrease in fertility in Iran, which has reached below replacement levels, policymakers seek to increase the fertility rate through incentive policies. Therefore, research on economic and social factors affecting fertility and the intention to have children can help formulate more appropriate demographic policies.

In this quantitative study, the survey technique was employed, utilizing a standard questionnaire for data collection. The statistical population comprised married women aged 15 to 49 residing in Shiraz. A total of 384 women were surveyed in 2023, and data analysis was conducted using SPSS 27 software

The findings indicated that, among the contextual variables, the duration of marriage, income, class belonging, housing status, and employment status had a significant effect on the probability of women's fertility intention (p< 0.05). Additionally, perceived social support and marital satisfaction significantly increased the probability of women's fertility intention (p<0.05)

As the structure of families has shifted from extended to nuclear, it is possible that women may not receive as much informal social support from their neighbors as in the past. Therefore, official government support can fill this void. Additionally, identifying couples experiencing marital conflicts and attempting to strengthen marital satisfaction while resolving conflicts through counseling programs can have a positive impact on fertility levels

 Trichotillomania disorder (TTM) is associated with significant psychological distress, social impairment, and a higher prevalence rate than expected in relation to myriad psychological factors. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of psychological training attention techniques on the metacognitions of teenage girls with hair-cutting obsessions.

The present study was a quasi-experimental one that happened in Arak, Iran, in 2024. Twenty girls in the age range of 15 to 18 years with obsessive-compulsive disorder based on the available sampling method by referring to the psychological clinic. The experimental group received eight attention training sessions. The participants in the research completed the trichotillomania and metacognitive beliefs questionnaire before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.22 and univariate analysis of covariance with a significance level of less than 0.05.

All of the girls in the experimental and control groups were single, between the ages of 15 and 18, and had TTM. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age or TTM. However, there was a big difference between the groups on the post-test of cognitive uncertainty, the need to control thoughts, positive beliefs about worry, uncontrollability, and the danger of thought (P = 0.001).

Technical training influences positive beliefs about uncontrollability and risk, beliefs about cognitive uncertainty, cognitive self-awareness, and negative beliefs about superstitious thinking, punishment, and responsibility in adolescent girls.

One of the most valuable practical and essential elements used in mosques is the pulpit. It is clear that this hand-made work has somehow been effective in the promotion and expansion of religion. A major part of the researches about minbars has been about the history of its construction, and few discussions have dealt with the aesthetic features and motifs used in it. are in Iran, where the study of the decorative and structural dimensions of these pulpits is the aim of the present research. This research has a qualitative nature and describes and analyzes the two pulpits and visually compares the roles in a descriptive-analytical and comparative method with reference to the data obtained through library and field methods. The answer to this question is what is the difference between the two minbars (Berzroud and Farizhand) in terms of appearance characteristics, patterns, inscriptions, construction, materials, etc.? In these works, there are various designs and motifs, decorations with geometric motifs. and plants, as well as inscriptions carved in Kufi and Naskh script can be seen. The execution method of the motifs is first meshed using the grid method, and then it is pasted on a background and then the inlay work is done on it. In the Borzroud pulpit, most of the designs have ½ mirror repetition, and in the Farizhand pulpit, the method of repetition is transmissive or ½ and ¼ mirror. The mentioned pulpits are in conflict in terms of seating, the form of the Frizhand pulpit is an altar shape and the Borzroud pulpit has a simpler structure, but it is more elaborate in terms of decorations.

Nowadays, paying attention to environmental quality in urban design has played a significant role in improving individuals' quality of life. Urban green space, as productive land uses, provide significant benefits to citizens through social, ecological, aesthetic, and economic services, and have a remarkable impact on the livability of the city. Therefore, this research, with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the selection criteria of plant species in the indices of ecosystem, economic, ecological and aesthetic service indicators, has an important role in selecting the correct plant species.

In this research, 96 criteria were extracted from the review of scientific sources and the opinions of experts in the four axes of the index of ecosystem services, economic, ecological and visual aesthetics. Then, by using the Delphi method in three cycles of receiving information from the questionnaire, the opinions of 14 experts of environmental science, art, green space and urban planning and botanists were asked. Finally, 76 of the 96 criteria introduced for the selection of species were prioritized and selected, and 20 criteria were removed from the cycle.

The results showed that in the ecosystem services index, aesthetic value, tourism, and air purification criteria were important, while in the economic index, seedlings, irrigation equipment, and equipment depreciation and obsolescence criteria were important. In the ecological index, the criteria for water needs, the number of frosty days per year, and the average number of sunny days per year were important. In the beauty-cognitive visual index of green space, diversity of color and texture diversity and visual sharing criteria were considered important for aesthetic prioritization.

By considering these criteria, it results in the selection of plant species that are suitable for certain ecological and economic conditions, and also take into consideration their appearance and their ability to provide ecosystem services. Therefore, City planners and managers can use the prioritization of the plants introduced in this research to choose appropriate species for the urban environment.

The issue of urbanization and its rapid growth has brought urban green spaces, as some of the few remaining natural environments, into focus. The aesthetic aspect of these spaces is crucial, prompting designers and planners to prioritize it over other considerations in vegetation design, planting, and arrangement. Therefore, identifying the criteria influencing the beauty of these areas is of utmost importance. This research aims to identify the most significant aesthetic criteria for the landscape of Gonbad-e Kavus city using QSort and Goal Achievement Matrix methods. Results from 100 completed illustrated questionnaires, collected in two stages from 50 randomly selected citizens of Gonbad-e Kavus city, were analyzed using QSort and Goal Achievement Matrix methods to identify the most critical criteria. The analysis revealed that, according to users, the presence of sufficient green space and the arrangement of such space, each with a score of 100, along with the diversity of colors in the green space, scored at 75.93, played the most significant roles in enhancing the beauty of the urban landscape compared to other criteria. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for researchers to enhance the visual quality of urban landscapes. Moreover, they aid in identifying more precise and practical criteria, replacing abstract ones, which impact the beauty of streetscapes. This streamlines and expedites the process of evaluating streetscape beauty for urban environment designers and planners.

Ayatollah Ṣāfi Golpāyegāni was a thoughtful thinker and aware of his own time, and was a trendsetter in the field of Intiẓār. Therefore, his thought in the current situation of the society can be a guide for worthy actions. So, this article aims to investigate the role of the expectant women in the education of the expectant generation from his viewpoint, with a descriptive-analytic approach and using library sources specially from the works of Ayatollah Ṣāfi Golpāyegāni. The findings show that an expectant woman waits in the personal field with self-improvement in cognitive, emotional and behavioral dimensions as a mother can educate the next generation with efforts to ensure physical-psychological health, intellectual growth, cognitive development, epic upbringing, increasing children's love for the Imam of the Age, and promoting a Waiting–oriented Islamic lifestyle in the context of the family. Also, by actively participating in the context of society and virtual space, while respecting the boundaries of chastity and Ḥijāb, she practically, will be able to clarify the state of women in the rich culture of Islam, and to create awareness, enthusiasm, and hope in the women of the society as the expectant mothers and strengthening the foundation of the family as the center of raising the next generation.

In the current situation of the country, which is facing numerous droughts, simulation of the performance of different crops in water shortage conditions has attracted the attention of modelers. Among these models, WOFOST has been used in predicting crop yield in numerous researches.In this research, the development of the WOFOST model under the Python language along with how to simulate the performance of major crops in the Tajan plain watershed including rice, wheat, oilseeds, grain corn and tomato during the years 2014-18 was examined. Based on this, at first, the annual crop yield was received from the Agricultural Jihad Organization and the simulation results were compared with these data. The crop yield simulation results of the PCSE Python version showed very little difference with the reported values, so that the RMSE and nRMSE results were reported in the range of less than 10%, which puts it in the good to excellent range. which proves the power of PCSE model in simulation. On the other hand, the results of the T test at the 95% probability level showed that in most of the products, no significant difference was observed between the simulation and observation values, which shows the advantages of theThe outputs of both WOFOST and PCSE models are completely consistent. Comparing the results also shows that there is a small difference between the simulated and observed values. Therefore, it can be concluded that the PCSE model has the ability to simulate the performance of products.

The purpose of this study is to design a reinsurance model to enter international markets. In terms of purpose, this study is an application that has been done with a qualitative approach in terms of nature and form of implementation. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative part includes 10 experts in the insurance industry and in the quantitative part of the experts of insurance branches in Tehran province, from which a sample of 384 people has been selected. The main tools of data collection were semi-structured interview and Delphi questionnaire for screening indicators and a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. To analyze the obtained data, content analysis method and Maxiquida software and partial least squares technique and Smart PLS software were used. The results of qualitative analysis by Max Kyoda software showed that the dimensions and components of reinsurance model design in international markets include investment, international marketing, strategies, market development, internationalization, internationalization attitude, international entrepreneurship and entry into international markets. Also, 48 indicators for these components were finally approved by experts. The results of data analysis confirmed all research hypotheses. Calculation of goodness-of-fit indices showed that the proposed model in this study has good validity.

Belief in the reappearance of a savior in the end of time is one of the issues agreed upon by the two sects, and this issue has been emphasized and clarified in Sunni and Shia narrative sources. Manuscript of the book "Minhāj Ulil Albāb bi Nuhaj al-Sidād wa Turuq al-Rashād" authored by Ahmad ibn Sharif (eighth century A.H.) about arguing the authenticity of Shia with reference to the accepted narratives and hadiths found in Sunni Hadith Collections, among other valuable works in which Mahdism and the Prophet's promise of the reappearance of Imam Mahdi (as) are also discussed, and it has expressed several hadiths in this context through the ways of the Sunnis and with reference to their accepted books under the title "Bishārat al-Rasūl (pbuh) bil Mahdi (as)". In this article, according to the evidence and sources of the two sects and textual validation, the narratives of this chapter of the manuscript have been analyzed in a descriptive and analytical method, and it was found that although it is not possible to achieve frequency in the documents of hadiths and their words, however, the frequency of meaning and the reliability of their issuance leads us to be sure and certain about the principle of the reappearance of the Savior and his attribution to the Prophet (pbuh) and the companionship and imitation of Jesus to him and the purpose of the reappearance of the Savior.

The method of Imam Al-Baqir (peace be upon him), like other Imams (peace be upon them), has a fundamental role in shaping role models for Shiites in terms of both speech and behavior. It seems that by analyzing his corroborations in a hadith from Al-Kafi’s Kitāb al-ḥujja according to linguistic theories, new insights can be gained. This article is based on John Searle's theory of speech acts. This theory was first proposed by John Langshaw Austin and then developed by John Searle. Speech act theory is one of the theories that has played a key role in development of discourse analysis, which is a reaction against the more traditional form of linguistics, focusing on sentence structure. In this theory, the produced form of a sentence in a certain context is a part of speech, which if it is included in the concept of production, is called a speech act. From Searle's view, there are only five illocutionary points that speakers can achieve on propositions in an utterance, namely: the assertive, commissive, directive, declaratory and expressive illocutionary points. The study shows that in Imam Sadiq's corroborations, expressive illocutionary points is much more used than other acts. In other words, the very text of the above-mentioned hadith has been used the most: first in declaring the truth and then the Imam’s directive role to attract the audience and announcing the conditions of obeying or disobeying Imams. The adaptation of the situational context of the hadith with various acts used in the text shows the Imam’s power in knowing the audience and his deep understanding of the situational context; because the Imam's speech is actually his reaction to deviation of the Islamic society in the matter of divine authority towards the wrong and profit-seeking policies of the Umayyad government. The method used in this descriptive-analytical study is discourse analysis. The analysis unit is a sentence, and library research tool is used.

The performance of Imam Reza (as) like other innocents (as) has a fundamental role in shaping the speech and behavior of Shiites. It seems that by analyzing his reasoning in Marv's Hadith, according to the theories of linguistics, new insights can be gained. This article is based on the speech act theory of John Searle. This theory was first proposed by John Lee Austin and then expanded by John Searle, and speech act theory is one of the theories that played a significant role in the development of discourse analysis. Discourse analysis is a reaction against the more traditional form of linguistics that focuses on sentence structure and the produced form of the sentence in a certain context is a part of speech, which is called a speech act if it is placed in the concept of production. According to John Searle, the speech act is divided into five groups: expressive, persuasive, emotional, obligatory and declarative. The investigation shows that in the reasoning and argument of Imam Reza (as) there is more expressive action than other actions and other actions are used much less. In other words, in Marv's Hadith, first stating the truth and then persuading that imam has been used the most to arouse people's desire to listen to his words in order to reason and think about divine proof. The matching of the situational context of the hadith of Marv with the types of actions used in the text is a sign of the high power of audience awareness and his deep understanding of the situational context, because the imam's speech is actually his reaction to the deviation of the Islamic society in divine appointing an infallible imam, in relation to the wrong and self-interested policies of the government of the time. The method used in this descriptive survey is analysis in the form of content (discourse) analysis. The unit of analysis is the sentence and it is a library research tool.

 The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cognitive emotion regulation mediators in the relationship between domestic violence, attachment styles and women's psychological well-being.

All married women in Tehran in 1400 formed the statistical population of the present study, from which 360 people were selected by available sampling method. To collect data from the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnesgi and Craig, 2006), Psychological Well-Being (Reef 1995), Adult Attachment (Collins and Reed, 1990), and Domestic Violence (Sherin, Cena, Core, Lee, Zitter, & Shaquille, 1998). ) became. Data were analyzed by path analysis and SPSS software version 25 and PLS version 3.3.

The results showed that the direct effect of faith attachment on women's psychological well-being was significant (p <0.05). Direct protective attachment and domestic violence are not compromised strategies (p <0.05). The direct effect of uncompromising strategies on women's psychological well-being is significant (p <0.05). Uncompromised strategies play a mediating role in the relationship between caring attachment style and women's psychological well-being (p <0.05). The direct effect of adapted strategies on women's psychological well-being is not significant (p <0.05). The direct environment of attachment, secure attachment and domestic violence is significant on adapted strategies (p <0.05). Adapted strategies do not mediate the relationship between attachment style, domestic violence and women's psychological well-being (p <0.05).

Based on the results of the present study, their psychological well-being can be increased by strengthening secure attachment and teaching women cognitive regulation strategies.

Due to its nature, the insurance industry is one of the most key social phenomena in order to ensure social security. Among these different forms of insurance, reinsurance has a greater impact on social security. Considering the expansion of the phenomenon of globalization on the one hand and considering the effective role of reinsurance as one of the public policy tools in guaranteeing social security, this research is conducted with the aim of designing a reinsurance model to enter international markets. This study is practical in terms of its purpose, which was conducted with a qualitative approach in terms of its nature and form of implementation. The statistical population of this research includes 10 insurance industry experts who were selected using targeted non-probability sampling. The main tool for data collection was a semi-structured interview and a Delphi questionnaire to screen indicators. Content analysis method and MaxQuda software were used to analyze the obtained data. The results of qualitative analysis by Max Kyuda software showed that the dimensions and components of reinsurance model design in international markets include investment, international marketing, strategies, market development, internationalization, internationalization attitude, international entrepreneurship and entering international markets. Also, for these components, 48 indicators were finally approved by the experts. The results of the analysis of sub-categories of the research showed that the indicators of compliance with international obligations, clarification, welcoming ideas and creativity about circumventing sanctions, attention and importance to information technology, establishing favorable communications and introducing oneself at the international level are among the most have priority.

After the establishment of the Islamic Republic in Iran, the issue of "public guardianship of the jurisprudent" in the face of lack of guardianship or limited guardianship of the jurisprudent by jurists and thinkers, has always been a place of discussion and debate in scientific and political circles. Among the most important of them are Ayatollah Khoei and Ayatollah Boroujerdi. The present article, with a comparative view and reference to the opinions of the two, using the method of qualitative content analysis, has proved their acceptance of government authority for the jurist. Examination and analysis of different sources and views show that both jurists agree on the need for people to refer to the appointed jurist in the absence of the Infallible (AS), but it seems that in the opinions and views, Ayatollah Borjardi has a more special view and There is a wider range of jurisprudential powers than Ayatollah Khoei, and even the authority to issue a government decree by the ruling jurist in general "new issues", distinct from the primary and secondary rulings, to untie the knot of affairs and the ability to apply the laws of the Shari'a with complexities and It prescribes time and the preservation and observance of the "public interest of Muslims." The more complex and fluid conditions of the time of Ayatollah Boroujerdi, which had intensified the need for the jurists to respond to these new conditions, as well as the beginning and culmination

The high desire of Tehran citizens to use personal vehicles has made traffic one of the main challenges in Tehran. This imposes heavy environmental and economic costs on this city as the capital of the country. Tehran, as the most populous city in Iran, has always faced the problem of increasing urbanization, urban traffic and lack of public parking lots. This problem is exacerbated especially in the central areas of the city, which are politically, economically and socially centralized and increase the need to create public parking lots, especially multi-story car parks that have a higher capacity despite occupying less space. The present study aims to provide a hybrid model under a fuzzy environment for the location of multi-story car parks in District 12 of Tehran with an emphasis on urban sustainable development management to provide a solution to this problem. Therefore, in the first step, 3 criteria and 21 sub-criteria were identified with emphasis on the dimensions of sustainable development. Then, the selected criteria were weighed using the fuzzy SWARA method and the potential parking areas were identified using the fuzzy ARAS method. Finally, using GIS technique, 7 suitable spots in area 3 of district 12 were identified to create multi-story car parks. The one of the most important aspects of this research is the complete classification of urban sustainability dimensions for the selection of multi-story car parks. Also, in this research, a new combination of fuzzy SWARA, fuzzy ARAS and GIS has been used for optimal decision making.

Love is one of the attributes of life and has levels that play a special role in human education. The present study, which has been written with the aim of recognizing and explaining the educational functions of the Ahl al-Bayt (as), is a qualitative research and has studied the subject by content analysis method and using library resources. The Holy Qur'an pays attention to the issue of love in several verses and in terms of the underlying role of love in the transcendence or decline of man, explicitly forbids some loves and emphasizes some loves. Among the positive loves of the Qur'an is the love of the relatives of the Holy Prophet of Islam, peace be upon him and his family, which can be the bedrock of human transcendence for worshiping the Almighty and achieving ultimate perfection. The result of this research is identifying some educational functions related to the love of Ahl al-Bayt. It was in the individual and social spheres, which are: development of self-awareness, deepening of understanding of Quranic teachings, cultivation and purification of the soul in two forms: active purification and possession purification, love writing and immunization of the lover from psychological, moral and spiritual dangers.

In this paper the elastic, mechanical (stability, anisotropy and Poisson's coefficients) and acoustic properties of BeX (X= S, Se, Te) have been investigated. Calculations with Full potential linear augmented plane wave have been performed in the framework of density functional theory with LDA, PBE-GGA and MBJ approximations by using Wien2k computational package. Elastic properties such as, elastic constants, Shear modulus, Young modulus and Debye temperature were calculated within various approximations for cubic and hexagonal structural phases. The calculated elastic properties indicate the give rise to an elastic stability and anisotropy property of the compounds. The results also indicate that these compounds are more brittle in the cubic phase and more malleable in the hexagonal phase. In fact, the ductility of these compounds in the cubic structural phase is low and they can be placed in the category of non-formable materials.

Considering the increase in the number of divorces in Iran in recent years, this article aims to examine the situation of divorce in this country and its trend during the period 2005-2015 with a descriptive-analytical approach and using the secondary analysis method. 
For this purpose, existing resources inc-luding census data, registry organization and census sample of 2012 for 15-64-year-old women have been used. The findings showed that the ratio of divorce to marriage in Iran was 10.21 in 2005 and during an incremental period reaching 22.58 in 2015. Also, findings from the study of age and sex patterns showed that in 2015, women between the ages of 20 and 35 and men aged 25 to 40 had a greater risk of divorce The mean life expectancy index showed an increase in one year of cohabitation life expectancy in 2015 compared to 2005. Socio-economic factors and the increase of indicators such as the level of women's education and their independence, the age of marriage, urbanization and population density, and the rate of unemployment, especially men and youth, in interacting with age structure as well as cultural change, have played an important role in the increasing process of divorce during the current decade.

Pragmatic application of the verses of social interaction of Islam with other montheistreligions with emphasis on verse 93 of sura Al-ImranAbstractApplied knowledge is a branch of linguistics that can be included in the field of interpretation of the Qur'an and reveal the semantic dimensions of these verses at the level of serious intent and to interpret and explain the meanings of the parts of the words during the application and based on the conditions and time and place of production of the parts.The Holy Qur'an has repeatedly addressed the issue of food, lawful and unlawful. This is always linked to one of the aspects of prophecy and mission, especially the need to follow the messenger and the chosen person of God to avoid going astray. According to verse 93 of Al-Imran, it can be said that among the God-fearing nations before the revelation of the Torah, the matter of sanctity and sanctity was returned to the religious leader.The practical approach to understanding this verse shows that the subject of food and eating is a matter of dimensions, the design of which is intertwined with different topics and concepts in the Holy Quran, and of course, the concept of monotheism and prophethood of the Prophet of Islam.