فهرست مطالب فهیمه قائمی

This study seeks to demonstrate the comparative method and the method of its application prospect in the fields of political sciences, with a particular focus on political philosophy.
The present study and investigations in this paper have been performed in descriptive and analytical method. Tools for collecting and gathering as well as compling in for mation has been performed Via studying library books, documents consisted of books,texts and essays along with internet utility.
This method is the first approach to human cognition and has been associated with political knowledge. Moreover conceptual developments and thematic range of applications in various branches of knowledge, the experiences in the study of political philosophy has become increasingly important and quickly finds a place in the academic teachings. Meanwhile there are still uncertainties about it, even the use of matching or comparable terminology.
Political philosophical studies with a comparative methodare like a two-headed coin with the changing and sulotion on one side and the way out of the chaos and toward reduction the political tensions on the other side.

Among miscellaneous views on the relationship between people and the state, there are some that believe the state must control the relations between the human and the soul with an educational purpose to bring about prosperity for human beings; a belief, which was developed by Plato in ancient Greek and was explicated and moderated by Farabi on the grounds he set for its development in Islamic thought. In proposing their political views, Plato and Farabi considered education as an essential concept and thought of the state as obliged to make it come true without any limitation. However, of the important questions that are posed to investigate those views is how the human and his needs and abilities are pictured, on the basis of which requirements are taken into account and justified in the form of politico‐educational views to reach perfection. Apparently, that picture shows lack of sureness about humans’ ability to elevate themselves and inequalities among them in using or taking advantage of reason. The purpose of picturing the human being from the standpoint of the thinkers that believe in the involvement of the state in education with a focus on anthropological understanding of the leading pioneers of that view, i.e. Plato and Farabi, is to gain a better appreciation of their politico‐educational measures. A comparative elaboration on the anthropological standpoints of those thinkers and their impact on their politicoeducational views will follow a short introduction to Plato’s and Farabi’s political thoughts and educational prescriptions. This paper will show that the belief in inequality of human beings in using their reason and sensual faculty, distrust in nature and different levels of educability of human beings will necessitate their guidance or control that will result in extremist views on the correction and purification of the human being if followed meticulously.