لاله جمشیدی

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of knowledge management on organizational innovation among the personnel of Babol University of Medical Sciences. This is a descriptive- correlational study clearly based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The population of this research was 400 personnel of Babol University of Medical Sciences. To measure research variables, Nonaka knowledge management questionnaire with 4 dimensions: externalization, combination, internalization, and socialization and Organizational innovation Questionnaire with 3 dimensions: productive, process and administrative were used and distributed among 189 personnel. The reliability of knowledge management and organizational innovation questionnaires was assessed through Cranach’s coefficient alpha as 0.945 and 0.944, respectively. Findings of this study showed that all dimensions of knowledge management and organizational innovation are mutually correlated with each other (p

This study aimed to identify the characteristics, abilities and duties of teachers in improving the teaching – learning process at smart schools in Semnan province. The method used for this study was exploratory mixed method in which the first part was qualitative and the second part was quantitative. In the qualitative research, 6 ICT experts were interviewed who were selected through a purposive, snowball method. The results of the content analysis of the interviews and in-depth theoretical study were put into a researchers-made questionnaire with parts: a desired situation and an existing situation. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts, and its reliability obtained through Cronbach`s alpha was 0.84 for the desired situation and 0.94 for the existing situation, which were both acceptable. In the quantitative part of the research, the questionnaire was completed by 310 teachers and principals who were sampled through stratified method. The results showed that strategies for "sustainable electronic communications with students to fix problems, guide and continue the process of virtual teaching – learning" ranked first, "reinforcing ICDL and Internet skills through attending in-service courses, using personal tutorials and exercises", second, "search and identify appropriate multimedia e-content on the Internet and in compliance with syllabus and curriculum and utilize them in teaching - learning process" third, "the ability to design a variety of online academic progress tests and put them on the website or send them to students` e-mails for their academic achievements" fourth, and "active participation on the school portal and learning management system for virtual management of student learning process through the Web", fifth in improving the teaching - learning process at smart schools by teachers.

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating role of Knowledge Management in the relationship between Learning Culture and with organizational innovation among employees of Babol University of Medical Sciences. This is a descriptive correlational study clearly based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The participants of this study were 189 employees of Babol University of Medical Sciences that were selected via available sampling method. Results of Pearson correlation showed that variables, learning culture and knowledge management and organizational innovation are mutually correlated with each other. Implementing structural equation modeling for relationship between learning culture and organizational innovation through mediating role of knowledge management, we found that the proposed model has a good fitness and organizational innovation is well explained by learning culture and knowledge management. Also all of the model path coefficients were significant.

In today's competitive world, the role of employ is more important than ever, organizations are looking for employees who use all their efforts toward the goals of the organization. In this research, we want to consider the effect of social capital to achieve the necessary mechanisms to increase perceived organizational support. This survey was based on all 220 employees of the Alborz Insurance Company in Tehran. According to Krejcie & Morgan’s Table (1970), the sample size for this study is 140 members. This study was conducted using stratified random and proportional manner. Moreover this study was conducted by descriptive correlational and also for collecting data was used of questionnaire. In order to determine the questionnaire reliability, Cornbach alpha and to determine its content validity, the opinions of faculties of management as well as the confirmatory factor analysis were used. Analysis of data was conducted by using of spss16 and also LISREL8.5. Also structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesis. The results show that there exists a positive relationship between social capital and perceived organizational support and relational dimension is the most influential dimension among dimensions of social capital in employees of Alborz Insurance Company.

This study is a descriptive view of the underlying component and factors influencing the development of entrepreneurial culture enumerated and explained the status comparative analysis between our entrepreneurial culture and Industrial Estates province of Semnan University explored. The study population consisted of all managers and experts in Semnan, 350 people, including 50 managers and experts in Industrial Estates is that Morgan and selected by stratified random sampling. Standard questionnaires for data collection, which McGuire validity content validity and reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient (86/0r =) respectively. Collected data using descriptive statistics including frequency distribution, measures of central tendency and dispersion (mean ± SD) and were analyzed by t-test. The main results of this study indicate that managers and experts from University of Industrial Estates and the entrepreneurial culture of collaboration and open communication in that there are significant differences,and the results showed that the status of the University of entrepreneurial culture and Industrial Estates Corporation is desirable.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Effectiveness of emotional intelligence on job burnout among primary school teachers in Babol (Mazandaran, Iran)as mediated by their self-efficacy. This is a descriptive correlational study clearly based on structural equation modeling (SEM). The participants of this study were 225 primary school teachers at public schools in Babol in the academic year 1391-92 that were selected via cluster random sampling method. Participants were requested to personally complete Maslach and Jackson's Job Burnout Inventory (MBI) (1996), teacher self-efficacy questionnaire (Tschannen-Moran, Woolfolk, 2001) and emotional intelligence questionnaire (Schutte, 1998). The reliability of the questionnaires calculated through Cronbach Alpha were 0/86, 0/92 and 0/91 respectively. The results of Pearson correlation showed that all emotional intelligence, job burnout and self-efficacy components are mutually correlated with each other (p

Abstract The school culture is a linking agent that teachers, parents and managers need it to coordinate their local traditions and styles. The aim of this research Was to investigate the relationship between school culture and academic achievement of students by the moderating role of school size. The present study was conducted by correlation method. All the teachers in the Primary schools in Esfarayen constituted the population of this study (N = 605). The participants were 220 teachers (88 male, 132 female) who were chosen by the stratified random sampling. All of them completed the school culture questionnaire. The data were analyzed by multiple Regression and Johnson-Neyman technique. The results showed that among school culture components, merely the component of the colleagues’ relations was a significant predictor for educational achievement. Furthermore, the findings indicated that there was a significant and positive relationship between school achievement and colleagues’ relations in small schools, but it wasn’t the case for large schools. One of the components of educational achievement increase is paying attention to the school culture. Especially, in small schools this component plays an effective role in educational achievement in the elementary school children.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of resilience on job burnout. This is a descriptive correlational study clearly based on the structural equation modeling (SEM). The participants of this study were 234 primary worker of Gas Company of the Markazi Province that were selected via random method. Participants completed the Resilience Inventory (by Conner and Davidson, 2003) and the Job Burnout Inventory (by Maslach and Jackson(MBI),1986) Reliability and validity of these questionnaires was obtained. Results of the Pearson correlation showed that all resilience components and job burnout components are mutually correlated with each other (P

The research aimed to study the effects of social software application on constructivist classroom Characteristics. Applied research and descriptive - survey was conducted. The population consisted of all male and female teachers in the smart high schools that were selected by random sampling, 103 of them were selected as participants. The research's tool is scale of constructivist classes based on e-learning model Mvvdly and scale of social software applications. The reliability and validity of tools was calculated using the Cronbach's alpha and internal consistency. The method for data analysis, average fixed, correlation and regression analysis and structural equation modeling was conducted. The results showed that the use of social software and constructivist classroom Characteristics in the sample studied is higher than average. The use of social software and constructivist classroom Characteristics are taught positive and significant relationship. The results of regression analysis and path analysis showed that the use of the Internet and intranet affect on constructivist classroom Characteristics.

Now a days، organizations are looking to maximize productivity by groups، but the results are not always completely satisfactory and have problems such as social loafing، social loafing reduces motivation and effort in team work than individual work. This study intends to achieve the necessary mechanisms to reduce social loafing، and reviews the effect of perceived organizational support on social loafing. The population of this study is all 220 employees working in offices in Tehran''s Alborz Insurance. According to Krejcie and Morgan Table (1970)، the sample size for this study is 140. Sampling for this study has been done by stratified random sampling method. The study is descriptive and correlational، and also questionnaires were used to collect data. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling. The results show negative effect of perceived organizational support on social loafing، and it can be adjusted social loafing.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the innovative performance through emerging knowledge based companies in Semnan University Incubator. This is a practical and descriptive correlational study. The participants of this study were 103 managers and supervisors of SME’s in Semnan University Incubator. Wang and Ahmed (2004) questionnaire has been used to measure the innovative performance in these companies. Reliability of the questionnaire was obtained by Cronbach's alpha. In order to assess the construct validity of innovative performance, confirmatory factor analysis were used and one-sample t-test is utilized to examine the variable and its dimensions status. Also Friedman test was used to prioritize of innovative performance dimensions. The results show that the first priority for the firms was product innovation. The process innovation and strategic innovation were the next priorities. As well as market innovation of these firms was ranked in the last because of their emerging.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effective factors in quantitative development of higher education privatization in Iran. To attain the objectives of this research, a twenty four item questionnaire was used. The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was calculated by "Cronbach's Alpha" and estimated about 0.67. A total of 103 higher education specialists and practitioners of nonprofit higher education institutions responded to the questionnaire. They were selected by means of purposive sampling and random sampling. The Chi-square and Friedman's tests were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that the main effective factors of expansion of higher education in Iran are: increased demands for higher education, inability or lack of willingness of the government to respond to the growing demand for higher education due to absence of funds, demographic changes in higher education applicants, emphasis on higher education privatization in macro development plans and policies, reduced Government’s interventions and the necessity of higher education development and structural reform in this sector.

Work alliance is among organizatioal pitfalls destroying organizational performance. Accordingly, identifying and removing these factors in necessary for sustainig appropriate perormane. This research aims to study the work alliance among women employees with the focus on the glass ceiling. The research is a descriptive and correlational study and significantly based on structural equation modeling. The population of intrest consists of women employees at Guilan’s Maskan and Melli bank, among which a sample of 125 people were selected randomly. Data gathering tool in this research are two questionnaires of work alienation and glass ceiling. To evaluate content and construct validity of the questionnaires, the expert’s comments and confirmatory factor analysis were used. The reliability of each questionnaire was obtained by using Cronbach's alpha (0/76, 0/94). The results of Pearson correlation showed that, work alienation has a significant correlation with glass ceiling. Furthermore, the results obtained from structural equation modeling with the Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) approach, demonstrates an acceptable fitting of the researchers proposed model. And also work alienation is explained through glass ceiling. In addition, with the formation and ticking of the glass ceiling, the work alienation of women employees at Guilan’s Maskan and Melli bank increases.

This study is aimed to identify and rank the most effective factors, in design of new chandelier product in Iranian industry, based on a mixed quantitative-qualitative approach. We used the content of existing domestic and foreign research papers, some interviews, and also a researcher- constructed questionnaire. The studied population includes both manufacturers and market sellers in the Iranian chandelier industry. For the qualitative part, purposive sampling (judgment) over 16 experienced manufacturers is used while for the quantitative part 120 manufacturers and 230 shops were selected, based on classified-random sampling. The most effective factors, among 22 initially suggested factors, on the design of new chandelier are identified. The most effective factors are “possession of technical expertise for manufacturers”, “chandelier attraction for the end user”, “considering the harmony between chandelier and the other parts of houses decoration”, “combination of old and new designs/ideas”, “uniqueness of chandelier”, “taking into account the financial ability of end consumer”, “understanding of consumer’s feeling when s/he first glance into the chandelier”, “the face to face contact between designers and consumers” and consequently sense of consumers’ needs and preferences by designers, “artistic vision”, and finally the “availability of the preferred chandelier in the shop market”.

The purpose of this study was to identify the effective factors in quantitative development of higher education privatization in Iran. To attain the objectives of this research, twenty four item questionnaire were used. The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was calculated by "Cronbach's Alpha" and estimated about 0.67. A total of 103 higher education specialists and practitioners of nonprofit higher education institutions responded to the questionnaire. They were selected by means of purposive sampling and random sampling. The Chi-square and Friedman's tests were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that the main effective factors of expansion of higher education in Iran are: increased demands for higher education, inability or lack of willingness of the government to respond to the growing demand for higher education due to absence of funds, demographic changes in higher education applicants, emphasis on higher education privatization in macro development plans and policies, reduced Government’s interventions and the necessity of higher education development and structural reform in this sector.

Innovation to help organizations cope with the dynamic markets turbulence in the external environment and can achieve long-term goals. One of the most initiators of Innovation, learning. The main aim of this study is to examine the effect of the Organizational Learning on innovation performance. Accordingly, the study population is all supervisors and employees of manufacturing and industrial Ab Band Mazandaran Company.The research design was descriptive and Correlation type and typically is based on structural equation modeling. For measuring variables two tools is used based on the Likert 5 options and the questionnaires were distributed among 220 supervisors and employees of Ab Band Mazandaran Company. Construct validity of both questionnaires were confirmed by a number of experts and management professionals and a confirmatory factor analysis. The results show that Organizational Learning has a positive effect on innovation performance and have a direct and significant role to increase the performance.

During last decades, the higher education privatization in Iran has grown in two forms: privatization of public higher education and entering the private sector in higher education. Due to necessity of synchronic quantitative and qualitative development, the purpose of this study was to identify the micro requirements of quality development of higher education privatization in Iran. An exploratory mixed method was chosen for this study. It used interviews and focus group in qualitative part and a 71-item questionnaire with eight main dimensions in quantitative part to collect information Reliability coefficient for desired condition and current condition were calculated 0.947 and 0.95 respectively. The sample included 103 experts of higher education and practitioners of nonprofit higher education institutions. Micro requirements for qualitative development of higher education privatization were identified in eight dimensions and their level of importance (favorable condition) and consideration (current condition) in process of quality development of higher education privatization were evaluated. The importance of these requirements in qualitative development of higher education privatization was average and higher, but the attention to majority of these requirements in development of Iran higher education privatization was average and lower. Finally, it suggests some solutions for qualitative development of higher education privatization in Iran.

Acknowledging the rapid privatization quantitative expansion of higher education in Iran, the expected goals and outcomes this structural shifting will not be achieved unless the qualitative dimension of higher education development is fully understood and emphasized by policy makers and planners. This study therefore, aims to identify the macro requirements of privatization qualitative development of higher education in the country. Using an exploratory mixed method, participants included 103 higher education scholars, experts and the practitioners of private universities. The findings revealed that 48 macro requirements in seven main dimensions have been considered as the main requirements for this structural development by the participants. The findings also showed that although all highlighted requirements of privatization qualitative development of higher education were considered average and higher in their importance, but in practice these important requirements have not been emphasized purposefully and sufficiently by the field’ policy makers and practitioners.

The role of higher education is undeniable in the sustainable development of developing and developed countries. In developed countries, the importance of these specialized training centers has been properly recognized and the governments have invested in developing the higher education system based on economic, social, political and cultural policies so that this system trains the specialized human resources for different economic, social and cultural sectors of the society. In the developing countries, the governments have adopted the privatization of higher education policy in the form of privatization of public higher education and entry of private sector in higher education for different reasons such as increasing demands for higher education, inability of governments to respond to the increasing demands of higher education because of the shortage of funds, demographic changes of higher education applicants, emphasizing and encouraging of international organizations such as World Bank, changes in work market trends and the need for diverse expertise. In Iran, the privatization of public higher education has taken place in the form of Payam-Nour Universities, University of Applied Science and Technology, evening courses and students’ admission along with receiving tuition fees. Universities of Applied Science and Technology need to consider some requirements for their quality development in order to succeed in private higher education. This article attempts to introduce the privatization of higher education and the important requirements for the quality development of Universities of Applied Science and Technology.

Today era is the era of wonderful changes and developments in technology. The era that its intellectual structure is based on deepening the information and participating the creative and knowledge- based labor instead of practical labor. Hence, aware management tries to use knowledge for confronting uncertainty factors, status conservation and creating innovation to expand its competitive arena. This implies that SMEs respect knowledge management and innovation management and use them as strategic need for pioneering in competitive arena in their plans. Nowadays the organizations, which apply the new and innovative thinks, can be successful and survive in competitive world. This article will discuss knowledge management, innovation and the role of KM in developing the knowledge – based SMEs

Country›s universities can play a big and key role to remove economic problems and achieve economic development and wealth generation. They as the centers of thinking and knowledge can train and raise creative and entrepreneur students and finally improve the entrepreneurship culture and internalize it in the society to reach wealth generation, welfare, employment and dynamic economics. Entrepreneurship as a whole contributes to social wealth by creating new markets, new industries, new technology, new institutional forms, new jobs and net increases in real productivity. The jobs created through their activities in turn lead to equitable distribution of income which culminates in higher standards of living for the populace. In this way, the resources available to the government will likewise increase and hence enable it to offer social services like hospitals and schools develop the infrastructure and keep law and order. To cap it all, the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Project, a comparative international study assessing entrepreneurship’s importance to economies worldwide concluded that the correlation between the level of entrepreneurial activity and economic growth is great and all nations with high levels of entrepreneurial activity have above-average rates of economic growth. In this article, we are going to study entrepreneurship, culture, entrepreneurship culture, and indices of entrepreneurship culture at different levels and in the country›s universities.

The aim of this research was to study the effect of student evaluation on faculty members’ educational performance thorough 2000-01 to 2005-06. A sample of 192 faculty members of Shahid Beheshti University were randomly selected from all faculty members whom their educational performance were evaluated thorough 2000-01 to 2005-06. The information about demographic characteristics was analyzed with descriptive statistics. In order to analyze the data, first 5 indicators were defined("education and teaching", "relation with students", "observance of educational regulations", "develop the thinking and personality of students", "total satisfaction from faculty member"), then after computing these indicators, the collected data were analyzed by inferential statistics. The results revealed that there was not significant difference between the mean of evaluation scores of faculty members in "education and teaching" indicator, but there were significant differences between the means of evaluation scores of faculty members in other indicators.