مجید شمس

With the rapid increase in population in cities, many challenges have arisen, including the lack of urban infrastructure, the formation of unstable settlements, the lack of welfare services, the increase in anomalies and insecurity, and as a result, the decline in livability and social security. Therefore, smartization is a necessary and essential strategy in the age of technology to reduce social, traffic, service, monitoring and control problems. It is known to increase the level of urban livability and security. Therefore, by considering humans as the axis of urban development, the importance of urban security and livability is given more attention. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of smartization on improving the livability and urban security of Karaj city.

The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. A questionnaire field method was used to collect data, and descriptive and inferential statistics (correlation, structural analysis) were used for analysis.

The relationship between smart city and livability and urban security is a direct relationship with an intensity of 761. Among the components of intelligence, smart citizen has the greatest impact on livability and social security with a coefficient of 0.899. The prerequisite for achieving desirable livability and social security is the transition from the first generation of smart cities (technology-driven urban development) to the second generation (smart government) and the third generation of smart citizenship.

The lack of proper planning for housing aimed at low-income and vulnerable urban populations, coupled with the unchecked involvement of profit-driven actors in the housing sector, has created an urgent need for more effective housing strategies. One critical aspect of urban management is ensuring the satisfaction of residents in housing complexes. This study aims to evaluate residents’ satisfaction with national housing projects using neighborhood-based planning indicators, focusing on physical, economic, environmental, and welfare dimensions. The objective is to assess how these indicators can enhance the efficiency of National Housing Movement sites in Sanandaj. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach.

Reducing the level of vulnerabilities and man-made crises and raising the level of flexibility of the physical environment of cities against the tensions caused by threats and also minimizing the rehabilitation time, as well as promoting and improving people’s living standards and in general, making cities resilient against threats is one of the most important factors that should be considered in cities. In this regard, this article has tried to identify and cluster the drivers of physical resilience in Tehran metropolitan area with the passive defense approach using the structural analysis method. Theoretical data were prepared by document method and experimental data by survey method based on Delphi technique. The statistical population consisted of 20 urban experts based on snowball sampling. 48 stimuli were counted and identified, which were processed by structural interaction analysis method in MICMAC software. The findings indicate that the drivers of protection of public facilities and infrastructures (from retrofitting to reconstruction), access to relief agencies (crisis management center, etc.), access to the main road network, radius of access to open spaces, access to firefighting, technical standards, construction principles and patterns, strength of buildings with public use (school, hospital), reconstruction and improvement of unstable buildings, the existence of temporary accommodation centers in the region, the absence of vital and sensitive uses in crisis-prone areas, the number and level of coverage of hospitals and clinics in the area, permeability and compliance with capacity matrices, desirability and compatibility in land use planning of the region as the most key factors on the future trend of physical resilience of Region 4 were selected with the passive defense approach.

In recent decades, the uncontrolled expansion of cities and the increasing emphasis on automobiles have diminished the role of pedestrians in urban spaces. This shift has led to the creation of dull environments and a reduction in the vitality of urban areas. The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of Bu Ali Pedestrian path on urban life in Hamadan. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population includes citizens aged 10 and above in Hamadan, which, according to the 2016 Population and Housing Census, totals 653,000 people. Using Cochran’s formula, a sample size of 384 people was selected. The study’s urban vitality variables encompass four components: socio-cultural, physical-functional, environmental, and aesthetic. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software, with Friedman’s test applied for ranking indicators, and structural equation modeling (SEM) performed using Lisrel software to assess relationships. The research findings indicate that the urban vitality indicators for the studied pedestrian street are favorable. Furthermore, the results of Friedman’s test and the prioritization of indicators reveal that climatic comfort is the highest priority in assessing urban spatial vitality on Bu Ali Pedestrian path in Hamadan.

The unbalanced physical expansion of Ilam City can be attributed to various issues, including regional imbalance, rapid urbanization, the impact of war, fragmented urban management, and inadequate supervision of urban development projects. The aim of this study was to examine the factors that impact the physical development of Ilam City.

This study employed an applied research methodology and was done in Ilam City over the period of 2023-2024. The study instrument employed was a questionnaire developed by the researcher. A compilation of criteria and indicators that impact physical development was made in order to create the questionnaire. Consequently, a survey comprising of 34 questions was created, utilizing a Likert scale with four response alternatives. In order to evaluate the questionnaire's validity, it was administered to a group of 18 specialists. A comprehensive questionnaire consisting of 5 indexes and 30 components was compiled and thereafter delivered to the inhabitants. The sample size was calculated to be 357 persons using the Cochran formula. The study samples were chosen by the method of simple random sampling. The data were evaluated using statistical methods such as a t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise regression coefficients.

The physical development of Ilam City was found to have a substantial correlation with several aspects, including economic, social and cultural, environmental, physical, and managerial factors. The physical evolution of Ilam City was primarily influenced by environmental (natural), economic, managerial, physical, and social and cultural aspects, in that order.

the physical development of Ilam City has been mostly influenced by environmental variables.

Poverty is one of the most important consequences of the unfair distribution of incomes among people in the society. The continuation of poverty leads to severe environmental tensions that sometimes involve the entire society. This article has been carried out with the aim of investigating the effects of deprivation-removal programs in promoting environmental sustainability in Qaleh ganj city.

The research method is in the form of library studies and field surveys. The statistical population of this research is 80 thousand people in the city and simple random sampling has been chosen to determine the number of people. The necessary information to obtain the results was obtained through a researcher-made questionnaire. In order to determine the reliability of the researcher's questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha was used, and its validity was checked through content and exploratory validity.

The conclusions show that the presuppositions related to the tests have an appropriate level and the relationship of deprivation with environmental dimensions, respectively, 0.52, 0.38, 0.49 (land, water resources and genetic resources) were related.

The results showed that water resources, trees and pastures are in an unstable state and the only factor that has a relatively stable state is the soil. At the same time, the amount of electricity consumption, urban solid waste and greenhouse gas emissions are at the optimal level from the environmental point of view of the city. The implementation of deprivation programs in the promotion of environmental sustainability in Qaleh ganj city has grown from an unstable situation to a relatively stable one.

Due to the increasing incidence of floods, particularly in urban areas, and their associated risks to life, finance, and the environment, zoning flood-prone locations is of utmost importance. Therefore, current descriptive-analytical research aims to identify effective variables in flood risk zoning and assess the vulnerability of Ilam City to flood risk. The study identified factors affecting flood vulnerability zoning based on 11 variables sourced from different studies. The AHP method was then used to assess the opinions of 73 experts and weight experts, in relation to each variable, through the Export Choice software. Finally, the FAHP method was employed alongside GIS software to generate maps showing Ilam city's flood risk vulnerability zoning. When zoning Ilam city's vulnerability to floods, we examined 11 variables. Of these, three variables stand out: distance from waterways, with a weight of 0.244; distance from the river, with a weight of 0.126; and slope direction, with a weight of 1.102. These variables play a key role in determining the vulnerability of Ilam city to floods. A significant portion of Ilam city, spanning 1687 hectares, exhibits a high susceptibility to flood hazards due to its unique topographic and geologic features. The analysis of flood risk zoning in Ilam city indicates that the northwest, west, southwest, and south regions experience a lower level of vulnerability than other parts of the city. Conversely, a significant portion of the central, eastern, and northeastern regions of Ilam are vulnerable to such risks. In the following, suggestions have been made to reduce the vulnerability of Ilam city to floods.

During the last two decades, we have witnessed the emergence and proliferation of public policy-making and research agendas in the whole world, which are focused on creativity as a new and powerful tool to stimulate economic renewal, urban design and planning. According to this situation, the concept of creative city has become an attractive topic for policy makers, planners and academics. Therefore, it seems that creative cities can play a synergistic role in realizing the dreams of future metropolises. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a desirable model of the future metropolis based on the theories of the creative city; As the main motive of the current research is to pay attention to this subtle and effective point. As the main motive of the current research is to pay attention to this subtle and effective point. In this direction and in order to better quantify the results, the conceptual framework of the DPSIR model is used in combination with the structural equation model (SEM-PLS), which is a non-experimental approach. The results show that the economic factor in the planning model towards the realization of a creative city with a sustainable urban development approach has a high centrality compared to other factors. This means that this factor has a great impact on other factors and is highly influenced by other factors.

In the past decades, the world's population has been divided the cities balances. This issue has been faced the metropolises with many problems and challenges such as informal housing and slums, inefficient, disorganized and worn-out structures, urban poverty, environmental pollution, social and cultural damage, social class breakdown, traffic, etc. Therefore, in order to deal with these environmental, social, economic, cultural and institutional challenges and issues, must strive to provide creative, innovative solutions based on future research perspectives. So, it is necessary to develop a desirable model of the future metropolis based on the creative city theories; as the main motivation of the current research is to pay attention to this subtle and effective point. In order to analyze information, fuzzy ANP method is used. The results show that the physical index (A3) is the closest to the positive ideal answer and the greatest distance from the negative ideal answer, and the first priority of the creative city realization factors model with the approach of sustainable urban development in desired criteria terms for the resilience of the creative city realization factors model with the approach of sustainable urban development.

The growth of Kermanshah urban population and the rapid process of migration from rural areas, has led to the development of cities and the emergence of new urban areas and has led to some urban environmental problems. Therefore, considering the vulnerabilities of urban environment in Kermanshah metropolis and the intensification of its degradation in recent years, the present study has assessed the situation of urban areas in Kermanshah in terms of sustainable development indicators. The most important question addressed in this article is: What is the situation of Kermanshah urban areas in terms of sustainable development indicators in various dimensions (social, economic, environmental and physical)?

The present research is methodologically descriptive-analytical and applied targeting. Data collection in this research has been done through library studies and surveys. A field study used a questionnaire and the data collection tool is a questionnaire that was conducted in in Kermanshah. The statistical population of this study includes citizens living in Kermanshah. The number of selected samples according to the population of people in Kermanshah in and based on the Cochran's formula with an error of and a confidence level of , was estimated at people. The sampling method is random. Research has been done in economic, social, physical, environmental and managerial dimensions.

Accordingly, emphasizing the management structure in the city of Kermanshah and paying attention to it in the dimensions of sustainable urban development is more necessary than other sectors of sustainability. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to investigate the status of indicators and dimensions of sustainable development in Kermanshah and their differences in urban areas. The means obtained were in the numerical range of . to . . The highest average for economic dimension was . for region one and the lowest average for economic dimension in region was eight times. To examine the indicators of sustainable development in Kermanshah based on regions, analysis of variance was performed at a significance level of . Based on the results, the f-statistic for social, economic, physical-spatial, environmental and managerial dimensions was obtained at a significance level of p≥ . . 

Conclusion:

Findings indicate that social, economic, physical, environmental, physical and managerial dimensions in Kermanshah are in an unfavorable situation. Also, it was found that the situation of the management dimension in region one is significantly different from other regions and the region is in a more favorable situation in terms of management structure than other areas of Kermanshah. Zone two has a more favorable situation than zones five, seven and eight and is in a relatively similar situation compared to zones three, four and six. Zone three was in a better position than Zones five, seven, and eight, in a more unfavorable position than in zone four, and in a relatively similar position compared to zone six.

The concept of the right to the city necessitates that the denizens of every urban center regard the city as their own and actively engage in its affairs. By considering the indices related to the right to the city and examining the indices pertaining to the desirability of urban spaces, this study seeks to investigate the influence of the urban space desirability indices on the realization of the right to the city.

The research methodology employed in this study is both applied and descriptive-analytical, with a survey-based nature. The statistical population consisted of individuals over the age of 15 residing in Ahvaz city, with a sample size of 375 people determined using Cochran's formula. To analyze the impact of urban space desirability on the realization of the right to the city, Smart PLS software was utilized.

The results of the structural equations model reveal the importance of the impact of the variables on one another. The t values derived from the research components exhibit a significantly large value exceeding 1.96, which signifies significance at the 0.01 level. The path coefficients of the components surpass 70%, indicating a strong correlation between the components.

There is a positive and significant relationship between the urban space desirability indices and the degree of realization of the right to the city in Ahvaz city. Among the urban space desirability indices, the index of comfort and tranquility has the highest coefficient of influence among other indicators and among the indices of the right to the city, the index of physical share and the index of control and ownership had the highest coefficients of influence.

The city of Kermanshah, due to the large increase in population and unbalanced expansion, has many issues and problems related to sustainable urban development. With the increase in population growth rate in recent decades, the city has witnessed unequal urban spaces, so that the areas of the city show an inequality trend in terms of development indicators. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate sustainable development based on structural equation model in Kermanshah. The type of research is applied and the method of its study is descriptive-analytical. Documentary and field methods have been used to collect information and data. The study area is Kermanshah and the statistical population of the study includes 946,651 citizens of Kermanshah, of which 356 were the sample size selected by Cochran's formula, which was distributed using a simple random sampling method. The data collection tool is a questionnaire. Data analysis tools are SPSS and Amos software. The results of one-sample t-test, at a moderate or normal level, indicated that the social, economic, physical, environmental, physical and managerial dimensions in Kermanshah are in an unfavorable situation. Therefore, the situation of the management dimension in the eight districts of Kermanshah was more unfavorable. Also, in this article, the deterrent and accelerating factors on the sustainable development of Kermanshah city have been studied using the structural equation model in AMOS software. Based on the results, it was found that all research indicators have a significant effect on sustainable development in Kermanshah. The most important accelerating factor in sustainable urban development in the study area is the managerial factor. Based on the results, the factor load or regression weight for the managerial factor was 0.87 at a significance level of 0.000. After the management factor, the physical factor with regression weight was 0.8. The factor load or regression weight of the environmental factor was 0.77, the economic factor was 0.75 and the social factor was 0.69.

Today, encounters lacking a coherent pattern of organization and concomitantly, the physical expansion of urban areas at the city entrances, are factors contributing to the diminished clarity, acceptance, and distinctiveness in these regions. Conversely, the intermediate spaces and urban symbolism are no longer recognizable. Consequently, this study was undertaken with the objective of enhancing the functionality of city entrance spaces and optimizing their configuration.

The investigation, focusing on the gates of Ardabil city during 2021-2022, is practical in nature. The research methodology involved the utilization of both library resources and on-site observations. To acquire comprehensive data, a survey pertaining to the variables influencing the layout of city entrance areas was developed and the survey questions were formulated accordingly. SPSS 26 software was employed for the purpose of data analysis, while Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were utilized to assess data normality, and Friedman tests were conducted to determine the ranking of the impact of various components.

The variables related to small size, middle location, city development geographical location, and communication location demonstrated effectiveness in the construction of the city's entrance body in a sequential manner. Conversely, the incorporation of body-building components did not contribute to the formation of the physical structure of Ardabil city's gates, resulting in an alteration in the configuration of the city's entry points.

The integration of body building components at the entrances of the city has facilitated the establishment of a well-structured entrance, enhancing the coherence and readability of the entrance body.

A comprehensive and multifaceted perspective is imperative for examining natural hazards in contemporary societies, particularly within urban settings. This viewpoint encompasses considerations related to natural disasters, fault boundaries, unsustainable construction practices, deteriorating structures, the encroachment of settlements onto slopes, disregard for river boundaries in urban areas, and construction without due consideration for privacy. A thorough scientific and specialized investigation is essential to mitigate the consequential adverse financial and life impacts. Additionally, effective urban and regional management necessitates meticulous planning. The city of Poldokhtar, situated in Lorestan province and within the Kashkan flood basin, possesses the potential to induce floods owing to a myriad of natural and human factors. To prevent the recurrence of such incidents, proactive measures are imperative. These include not only research studies but also structural and mechanical interventions grounded in the natural environment. Furthermore, integrated management, skills training, and attention to the interconnectivity of infrastructures during emergencies are vital. Coordination and collaboration between public and private entities demand particular emphasis. The research, aligning with applied-developmental goals and employing an analytical-library method, seeks to contribute to the comprehensive understanding and effective management of natural hazards.

Performance management is a regular process that helps managers to manage their employees well in the direction of achieving goals, implementing plans, successful and optimal execution of missions and assigned responsibilities.Therefore, in order to properly manage the performance of the evaluation system, it is essential In this regard, the pathology of the performance management system is one of the necessities of effective performance management and as a filter in order to correct the shortcomings of performance management.Organizational pathology is the process of using the concepts and methods of behavioral sciences to define and describe the current state of organizations and find ways to increase their effectiveness . In this regard, in order to guide the executive managers of Tehran municipalities, in order to implement development programs and urban services in Tehran, according to the schedule and with the desired quality, it seems necessary to develop a management system and evaluate the performance of Tehran municipalities. The first step in achieving this goal is to focus on explaining an effective framework for addressing the challenges and limitations associated with performance appraisal systems; and also provide operational strategies to compensate for the shortcomings of performance appraisal in order to achieve organizational goals. In fact, despite the fact that several units in Tehran Municipality have been involved in creating and promoting performance appraisal procedures; There are weaknesses and challenges that are especially related to organizational maturity in understanding the importance of the issue of efficient performance appraisal system. Undoubtedly, in all the presented models, the performance evaluation of Tehran Municipality has shortcomings that need to be considered, reviewed and corrected and their pathology can lead to continuous growth and improvement. Therefore, in this paper, the pathology of Tehran urban management performance evaluation model has been studied. In other words, the purpose of this pathology study is institutional, legal, managerial-executive, contextual, cultural and social, and based on this, to determine the effective indicators and components to improve the system, which results in complication, self-correction, cohesion and there is more integration between the performance of different levels throughout the system.

Security is one of the most important basic human needs, and in current cities, due to the increase in population and the complexity of urban issues, the way to achieve sustainable security is facing a challenge. In order to solve complex urban problems, the smartness of the urban space, which is based on information and communication technology, is a suitable strategy. In this regard, the purpose of this research was the need to pay attention to the smart city as a strategy to improve the sense of security in the public spaces of Karaj city. The current research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. Data collection was done through a researcher-made questionnaire (375 people) at the level of Karaj city. For the analysis, one-by-one statistical analysis and regression have been used. The results of the research show that the average dimensions of physical-spatial (2.97), behavioral and social dimensions (2.77) are lower than 3 and they do not have favorable conditions. The average of the monitoring components (3.5) and access (3.63) is higher and they are in favorable conditions. The regression analysis shows that the components of intelligence have an impact on the components of security, so that the dimensions of smart life with a beta of 0.423 and smart citizenship with a beta of 0.332 have had the greatest impact in increasing security in the public spaces of Karaj according to the respondents.

Planning for sustainable regional development is one of the main concerns of active planners in the field of development to find a way to balance regional imbalances and reduce heterogeneity. Therefore, recognizing the heterogeneity of regions can play an important role in principled and more useful planning. The aim of this study is to prioritize the cities of Kermanshah province based on regional sustainable development indicators. This research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of the study consists of all cities of Kermanshah province. According to the general census of 2016, the population of the province was equal to 1952434 people, who selected 384 people as a sample using Cochran's formula. To analyze the data, one-sample test, multivariate regression analysis, path analysis. The results of one-sample t-test of the situation of sustainable development indicators in Kermanshah province showed that the economic index with an average of 3.062 is higher than the desired limit and social indicators with an average of 2.941, physical index with an average of 2.947 and Institutional indices with an average of 2.895 are lower than the desired situation. The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that the economic variable with a beta coefficient of 0.377 has the greatest impact on regional planning and the institutional variable with a beta coefficient of 0.143 has the least impact on regional planning. has it. The results of route analysis showed that the economic variable with an overall effect of 0.642 and the institutional variable with an overall effect of 0.143 have the least impact on regional planning in Kermanshah province.

Housing is one of the most basic needs of human life and is considered as the smallest component of settlements and is still recognized as the most important need of new societies. Providing this need is always more vital for vulnerable groups. The present article was formed with the aim of adapting the strategy of the national housing movement plan to the neighborhood-oriented planning system in Sanandaj city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the research data was collected by library and document method and using a questionnaire. The results of this research showed that the combined SWAT-EHP method was used to present the strategy, which first included the qualitative part and Then a quantitative SWAT part was performed. After determining the internal and external factors and then formulating 4 strategies based on relative weighting (AHP) and absolute weighting of the weighting factors and then the strategies were determined, and based on the value obtained for each strategy, its priority was determined. The chosen strategy in this research is the WO strategy, which is the strategy of adaptation or minimizing weaknesses and making the most of opportunities. The proposed strategy is economically oriented and based on long-term and continuous planning. Considering the size of residential units, the uniformity of patterns used in the design of residential units, services, etc. (especially in complex buildings), it seems that the voids governing the said housing pattern are not taken into consideration. Provision of public spaces and services in this

The importance of cities as the dominant form of human settlements is clear, on the other hand, the vulnerability of cities is increasing despite the natural disasters that have occurred in recent years. Today, the occurrence of natural disasters and the damage caused by these accidents have made making cities safer, becoming a long-term but achievable challenge; So that in order to quickly return to the pre-crisis situation when natural hazards occur, urban communities are determined to reduce the damages to some extent. Meanwhile, resilience is an important way to strengthen urban communities by using their capacities. The purpose of the present study is to identify the indicators of urban resilience to natural disasters. This research was conducted based on the development goal and "descriptive-analytical" nature in the survey method in 1401 in the city of Kermanshah. Data were collected using document reviews and questionnaires. The sample size was determined by using the census method, 20 people. Judgment sampling and snowball sampling were used for sampling. The data from the fuzzy Delphi method were analyzed to identify 38 sub-indices effective in resilience against natural disasters, weighting the factors or criteria of the proposed model and classifying them into four general groups: structural-physical, management-policy, socio-cultural and economic. After ranking the resilience indicators of Kermanshah against natural disasters, it was determined that the structural-physical index ranked first, the managerial-policy index ranked second, the economic index ranked third, and the socio-cultural index ranked fourth. The results of the examination of the sub-criteria related to the physical criterion showed that among the resilience indicators, the physical index was the most effective, therefore the zoning of the city of Kermanshah based on the level of physical resilience and active urban participation and sharing experiences to increase the resilience of the city of Kermanshah and lay the groundwork for Attracting participation and preparing people to face critical times seems necessary.

Population and its various dimensions have always been a concern for policymakers and experts. Natural population growth is the result of birth and death rates, while migration and mobility have a significant impact on the increase or decrease of demographic changes. Marginalization and the establishment of informal settlements, increasing land and housing prices, environmental degradation, indiscriminate use of groundwater, reduction of per capita green space, traffic and air pollution, urban waste generation and improper disposal, soil erosion, and industrial pollution are among the challenges and conflicts that arise from population growth and concentration in the country's metropolises. Based on the research methodology, this study follows a descriptive-analytical approach. According to the theoretical framework, all components were examined at the global and national levels with a focus on Iran, and the necessary information was collected to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the research. The ranking and prioritization model and Lorenz curve algorithm were used for screening and prioritization. First, the collected data were analyzed using Excel software and then transformed into numerical charts using the Lorenz curve. The research findings indicate that simultaneous with population growth and concentration in metropolises, development and progress have not occurred in parallel, and various differences and conflicts have emerged among different social classes and levels due to overcrowding, population movements, and development disparities in cities and metropolises.

This study focuses on the management of the central urban core of Hamadan, utilizing historical attractions and emphasizing the utilization of historical spaces. The research aims to determine the historical capacities of the central core in tourism development and identify key management components with a specific focus on historical attractions. The statistical population for this research comprises residents, tourists, and businesses located within the central core of Hamadan city. The study falls under the category of fundamental research, employing a descriptive and analytical research method. Data and information were collected using both library and field methods. The SWAT technique, questionnaire surveys, and the SPSS software were employed for data analysis. The research findings demonstrate that the sub-criterion of local investment participation significantly contributes to the development of tourism in the region. Incentive facilities such as granting loans, reducing taxes, and providing specialized entrepreneurial consultations to local investors can encourage local capital to be directed towards the development of tourism-based activities.

Cities are facing increasing environmental, social, and economic challenges that threaten urban resilience, urban areas, and residents who live and work there. It has always been exposed to chronic, acute stress and shocks, which are strengthened by the effects of the natural environment, such as climate change, earthquakes, floods, etc. And since the world's population is increasing and it is estimated from 7.7 billion in 2020 to 9.7 billion in 2050, it will face countless other problems and challenges, including the spread of widespread epidemics. In the meantime, urban planning seeks to help urban resilience by changing the approach. Therefore, urban resilience is a concept that is strengthened by urban planning. One of these solutions to increase resilience is a set of measures called nature-based solutions (NBS). These solutions are derived from a systemic approach to strengthen the maintenance, improvement, and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystems in urban areas, and to expand green infrastructure resources, and climate adaptation based on the ecosystem.

Right to city is a concept, which seeks to involve and allocate the city to urban residents. This research investigates the validation of the right to the city through evaluating the indicators of the right to the city.

This was a descriptive-analytical survey and the statistical population of the research included all citizens older-than-15-year-old in Ahwaz County in 2021. 375 people were sampled according to the Cochran's formula as a cluster from all the urban areas of Ahwaz. One-sample T-test and spatial statistics methods were used in geographical information system to analyze the results.

The right to the city was not validated in eight districts of Ahwaz metropolis. However, the investigations indicated that regions 2 and 8 had better status than other regions. In addition, using the general Moran's statistic, it was concluded that the data are spatially self-correlated and their distribution pattern is in cluster form, except for the decision-making index, which follows a random pattern.

The degree of validation of the right to the city is lower than the standard and desirable level, and the degree of enjoyment of the right to the city in Ahwaz metropolis is unbalanced.

The purpose of this study is to provide a model of a health-oriented city in the direction of livability in region one of Tehran. The purpose of this research is basic-applied research that on the one hand with documentary-library studies to study the dimensions, definitions and theoretical framework of the research and on the other hand with accurate field observations to collect the necessary data and information in the area. The case studies lead to research questions. After determining the dimensions and indicators of the research (in the form of dual dimensions), the data were analyzed using Lisrel software and factor analysis test; and for the final approval of the information model, we entered it in Smart PLS software and proceeded to confirm the model. The results of the analyzes showed that all relationships were confirmed with 99% confidence and none of the indicators had a factor load of less than 0.5 and the significance coefficient of all indicators was confirmed and the factor load of all questions was higher than 0.7. All indicators were confirmed for homogeneity with variables. the validity of the structure including convergent validity was examined; also, the results of the existing evaluations showed that the Institutional-Managerial dimension with the greatest impact in the first place are the indicators of achieving a healthy and livable city. Then the Physical-Environmental dimensions and Urban Economy in the second priority, and respectively the Urban Community dimension, Urban History dimension, Environmental dimension in the third priority, from the perspective of the greatest impact on the dimensions of a healthy city in order to achieve livability in district one of Tehran.

Today, metropolises face many problems in the socio-cultural field and the importance of social viability in the structure of urban life is diminishing. Therefore, the necessity and importance of paying attention to the need to meet these needs in a metropolis like Isfahan doubles. Isfahan metropolis, consisting of 15 urban areas with high population and its destructive effects. Some of these areas are flourishing and prosperous, and others are declining and inattentive, which in turn has reduced the satisfaction of living in fifteen areas. Therefore, the present article seeks to provide a basic understanding of the status of social and cultural indicators of livability in the 15 areas of the metropolis of Isfahan. The research method of this research is descriptive-analytical. The information and data of the research have been done using a researcher-made questionnaire and the questionnaire has been prepared using a five-point Likert scale. The sample size was determined using the Cochran's formula and also according to the population differences of 683 people. To analyze data from inferential methods; Statistical test t-test, analysis of variance with repeated measures as well as ANOVA with SPSS software and mapping were performed using ArcGis software. The results showed that the socio-cultural viability of Isfahan metropolis is not at the desired level and only district one of Isfahan municipality is above average and the best area in terms of socio-cultural viability. The reason for this result is due to the high level of services and culture in this region.