محسن سلطانپور

Vanadium and zinc are identified as low-concentration elements in the body of living organisms with a wide range of activities. Their insulin-like activity, through regulating the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and eliminating the secondary symptoms of the disease, clearly demonstrates the ability of these elements to improve diabetes.

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of vanadium-zinc complex on the structural, functional, and oxidative stress changes in liver tissue in adult diabetic male rats.

Herein, we recruited 40 adult male rats with the same weight range. They were randomly divided into four groups of 10, namely control, diabetic, healthy mice receiving vanadium-zinc complex, diabetic mice receiving vanadium-zinc complex) and received this combination at the rate of 10 mg / kg once a day for 60 days by oral gavage. At the end of the course, following blood sampling, part of the liver tissue was removed from the body to measure oxidative stress and the rest for stereological and histological studies. The serum isolated from the animals was also used to measure liver tissue functional enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase).

The results of this research revealed that vanadium-zinc complex has no side effects on liver tissue in most case, but can greatly prevent structural damage to liver tissue by lowering blood glucose levels in diabetic rats and improving oxidative stress.

Vanadium-zinc complex can be utilized with a certain mechanism in order to control blood sugar and inhibit oxidative stress. It could be regarded as an appropriate approach to preventing liver damage following chronic hyperglycemia in diabetic patients.

This work is devoted to present the results of an ensemble prediction system developed for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to predict surface wind over the Persian Gulf. To construct the ensemble members a combination of perturbed initial condition (using Monte Carlo method) and model perturbations (using multi physical parameterization schemes) is employed. Here, an ensemble prediction system with 15 members (three physical parameterization schemes and five initial condition perturbations for each one) is used to generate the surface wind and other meteorological field predictions over the Persian Gulf. Assessment of the ensemble mean against the observational in situ and satellite (e.g., ASCAT and QuikSCAT) data indicates promising performance of the ensemble prediction system over the deterministic predictions.

Meanders are typical geomorphologic forms that in the southern coast are of the Due to the availability of environmental conditions. Those landforms have Strong spatial variations، Influenced by the dynamics of rivers and deltas gentle slope in a small interval. In this research was tried with using of remote sensing and survey field data، is Calculated and analyzed Mond river bed morphologic change over a period of 57 years at five time intervals (1955، 19855، 1994، 2000، and 2012). The results were showed Mond river bed morphologic change was very high، over 1955 to 2012، So that the 5/3 km displacement substrate was observed the estuary nearly. The length of river bed was 51. 45 Km in 1955، while in 2012 is achieve to 39. 87 Km and this change is caused sinuosity reduce، Mond river is changed of meander form to wave formation. Spatial compare of river bed was showed 42. 52 square kilometers have been added to the left side while this amount was calculated on the right side kilometers 33. 8. Moreover is reduced 7. 66 square kilometers from the left side and the right side is 4. 42 square kilometers. Surface delta gentel slope was caused velocity of the water and placing sediment in river bed، vegetation in river bed and side is caused trapping sediment and dams in the river. Also human is reduced sediment input with action such as dam’s construction in Mond basin، make of Bridge and protective pads on the bottom of the bed and the water transfer to the shrimp site. The result can significantly help to authorities and organizations related to environmental management.

Deltas which are results of interaction between sea and land attracted interests of farmers and scientists, historically. Mond delta is one of landforms that located in Northern coasts of the Persian Gulf and in realms of Bushehr province. Different agents affected on formation, development and evolution of this delta, land and marine. In this research we tried to analysis and discuss effects of land dynamic main agents -basin morphology, sedimentation and tectonics- and basic factors such as climate, hydrology and human actions- on the formation and evolution of Mond delta. For achievement to research aims, we used of hydrologic, climatic data, geomorphologic parameters and quantitative methods. The result shows that expansion of basin and geotectonic activity in the Mond basin have significant role on formation of the delta. Basins’ rocks sensitive to erosion shows that weathering process is more, faster than normal and so produced more amount of sediment for transport to the Delta area. Basin slope in upstream has caused erosion and water to flow faster to outlet of basin ,and produced increasing rate of runoff, it caused reduction of infiltration rate and the flood flow. Climatic agents influence on the delta formation by ingredients of temperature (ice) and precipitation (rain showers), also hydrologic agents has significant role in depositing sediments, formation and evolution of Mond Delta by transportation of sediments. Human agent has significant effect on the delta evolution and reduction of sediment and discharge by construction of dam, during recent two decades.

The Gonu tropical cyclone is the strongest storm in the Arabian Sea in which has cause damage in the Iranian south coastlines. The aim of the current paper is to numerically simulate the wave’s characteristics as well as the storm surge during the Gonu event by employing the SWAN wave model and the GETM hydrodynamic model. The simulation duration is one month i. e. from15 May to 15 June 2007. The wave characteristics are compared with the measured data in three measurement stations. The results show that the wave characteristics are reasonably simulated during the Gonu storm event so that the significant wave height is reached up to six meters and the corresponding height was four meters، respectively، outside and inside the Chahbahar bay area. The results show that the storm surge has reached up to 50centimeters in the Chahbahar coastlines which are corresponding to the 6th day of the Gonu storm.

Asaluyeh Fishery Port is an old fishery port located in the south-east of the BushehrProvince. The rapid shoreline advancement of the updrift fillet of the main breakwater during past few years and the sedimentation at the port entrance has resulted to substantial difficulties in using the port. The relatively large amount of sedimentation finally affected the navigation at the entrance of the port. Using field observations, sedimentology analyses of the obtained sediment samples and comparisons of hydrographic maps in order to get the rate and direction of the updrift sedimentation, the cause of rapid sedimentation and the source of this sediment have been studied in current paper. Statistical parameters of sediment samples have been calculated and minerology, morphoscopy and morphometery investigations were conductedusing a binocular microscope. The results show that while there is not a clear clue of coralsource among the sediment samples of the west coast of the sampled site, a large portion of coral segments are observed in the vicinity of the port. The investigation of sediment samples confirms the larger percentage of terrigenous sediments in the past as well as the increase of carbonate sediments in recent years. The field observations and analyses of sediment samples reveal the increase of sediment stress, as one of the most profoundly deleterious impacts on corals, which has resulted to the considerable decrease of patch reefs and the related marine organisms. It is apparent that the reclamations and large construction works have caused the excess of sediment load. This is the cause of considerable increase of carbonate sediment and huge sedimentation at the port. The investigations suggest that construction of a groin and dredging of the harbor is the most suitable option for solving the sedimentation problem in longterm.

A correct estimation of the sediment transport rate and the amount of sedimentation is among the important and effective factors to be considered in the design of ports and coastal structures. Although many research efforts are now conducted on the influencing parameters of the sediment transport to quantify the transport rate, the approximate and relatively simple formulas are still routinely used. CERC and Kamphuis are among the well-known formulas for the calculation of the potential longshore sediment transport (LST) rate. However, the accuracy of predictions of transport rates, based on the applications of these formulas at different locations of the world, has not been similar. In present paper, using a limited number of data related to local waves and characteristics of grain size distributions, the longshore sediment transport rates at some of the southern coastlines of Iran have been calculated and the results have been compared with the actual sediment impoundments at breakwaters and groins. The volumes of sedimentation are derived from the comparisons of hydrographic surveys. Verification of these formulas at southern coasts of the country reveals the higher accuracy of Kamphuis formula in comparison to CERC formula. A relationship was also presented for the calculation of K parameter of CERC formula as a function of the surf similarity parameter.

The present paper offers a numerical model which can be applied for the simulation of wave height distribution on a 2-D horizontal soft mud layer. The model is based on mild slope equations and it includes combined wave refraction, diffraction, reflection and breaking. The high energy dissipation of wave height due to the presence of fluid mud layer has also been simulated. Wave height attenuation is calculated from a multi-layered wave-mud interaction model considering the vertical distribution of water content ratio in fluid mud layer. The constitutive equations of visco-elastic-plastic model are assumed for the rheological behavior of fluid mud. An artificial neural network is used as a part of wave attenuation calculation to speed up the computation. Applying the model in the East Bay, Louisiana at the mouth of Mississippi River shows a reasonable agreement with the wave height measurements.