محمد بارانی

In this study, harmony is used in the general sense of compromise, coordination, and unity. Music is one of the constructive elements in the formation and structure of poetry, which highlights the speech and has a close relationship with the poet's emotions and intentions. By choosing an external melody that matches the meaning, that is, rhythm as one of the branches of music, the poet increases the effect of his poem and promotes its artistic and literary value. This leads to the communication of the meaning and the veiled emotion, in the deep structure, of the poem. Consequently, it will form spiritual coherence and phonetic melody by employing other poetic musical devices. The purpose of this research is to investigate the quality and quantity of the types of bahrs (prosodic meters), and specifically, to analyze the degree of their coordination with the emotions and feelings of Anvari in his odes. This research is done using the descriptive-analytical method and library sources. In the selected odes, 9 bahr (prosodic meters) and 37 meters are used, with the highest frequency, respectively, for Ramal, Khafif, Hazaj, Mozare, and Mojtath. Metric variations, arrangement of syllables with distinct quality, that is, paying attention to the type of syllables in the speech structure, such as long and elongated syllables or short and moving syllables, and the low use of poetic license has resulted in admirable coordination with the poet’s emotions of contemplation and hesitation, sadness, and delight. The use of the above cases in Anvari’s poetry has led to the rise of emotions in both individual and social aspects, giving his poetry the opportunity to get out of the shadow of pure imitation and praise. This, even, prevents him from imitating a leading poet, Abol Faraj Runi, in changing his poetic style. Abul Faraj's intellectual horizon only appears in the domain of eulogy and personal gain; however, Anvari is not indifferent to social issues and events. Thus, he, unlike his master, has established a sort of coordination between meter and emotion.

Marzbannameh is one of the important works of elegant prose written by Espahbad Marzban ibn Rostam ibn Sharvin, one of the rulers of Bavand clan, in the late 4th century of Hijri. This is because in Qabousnameh and the History of Tabaristan, Marzban ibn Rostam ibn Sharvin is said to be the author of Marzbannameh; However, in the Marzbannameh written by Varavini, it is written by Marzban ibn Sharvin, and on the other hand, the genealogy of the Bavand family and the status of Marzban ibn Rostam/Sharvin are not clear in the histories and records. There is a long debate among researchers about the author of Marzbannameh. A group believes that Marzban ibn Rostam is the author of the book, and another group considers Marzban ibn Sharvin as its author. Some even think that the author and translator of Marzbannameh is fake. Apart from these, there are also different views about the first language of the work, that it, wether it was Tabari or Dari Persian. Examining various viewpoints and discussing this matter, this study showed that probably Marzban ibn Rostam ibn Sharvin wrote this book in Tabari language two hundred years before Marzban (the son of Sharvin, the fifth ruler of the Kawusians of the Bavand family), translated it into simple Dari Persian, and two hundred years later, it was written by Sa’ad al-Din varavini in Dari Farsi.

As a result of the advancement of economics and the creation of new theories, behavioral economics has evolved as a new branch of economics that uses experiments in cognitive, behavioral, and psychological sciences to provide a more complete understanding of human behavior and how to predict it. Nudges are tools of behavioral economics that are used to try to correct wrong and criminal behavior or encourage the right actions, and with this tool, an attempt is made to specifically prevent penalties and specifically prevent tax evasion. The use of nudges is not a new achievement. Humans and governments have used and continue to use nudges, but experimental and proven research that has been conducted using behavioral economics assumptions will also open new horizons for criminology and intelligent criminal policy. This research is applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of collecting information by the citation method that has been written through the translation and study of reliable sources. As has been proven in this research. The achievements of behavioral economics and incentives are effective in preventing tax evasion, and appropriate achievements can be achieved with minimal costs. According to this article, it is also proven that situational crime prevention and behavioral economics overlap in areas that involve changing the behavior of potential criminals by changing their mindset and using incentives, and have similar goals, perspectives, and tools.

The guarantees of lawful evidence can be explained in two models: "methodical and consequential". In a method model, the mere illegality of obtaining evidence leads to a rejection of its positive value, even if the accused has committed a crime. In American law, which follows this model, the principle of obtaining evidence is referred to as the " exclusionary rule ". Actions of judicial officers such as entrapment and Formal transactions are remedies for criminal liability and the reasons learned in this way can not be cited. Declaring evidence in favor of the accused is known as the "Brady rule" and the accused has the right to object the reasons given for his arrest. Iranian criminal law follows the result model due to the lack of guarantees such as the " The rule of invalidity of reason"; Because in this model, the method of gathering the reasons is not the basis and focus point, but the overall effect of this method on the outcome of the trial is the criterion. Obtaining evidence illegally, although in some cases initially leads to their discrediting, but the same evidence in judicial practice is considered as presumption and one of the ways that judges gain knowledge to achieve outcome of the trial. One of the results of this model is central confession in the Iranian penal system, which has led to pay proper attention to the method of obtaining it, and the other is the lack of provision of appropriate and effective enforcement guarantees for evidence that violates the defense rights of defendant.

Ontology is a term they use to understand existence. This concept, which is one of the important philosophical topics, has also found its way into poetry, because poetry has always been a suitable platform for easier understanding of philosophical issues. Poetry is the highest art that can express the type of view and world view of poets towards life and the issues raised in it; For this reason, to discover the ontological horizon of each poet, one should refer to his poetry. In this study, with descriptive-analytical method, we are looking for the answer to this basic question, what are the reflections of concepts such as "death thinking", "predestination" and "absurdism" in the sky of thought and ontology of Vajid Shirazi, a poet of the 14th century? Based on the findings of the present research, it can be claimed that Wajid is a death-minded poet and recommends death-thinking to his audience. He has a contradictory view of death and has considered death from both its pleasant and unpleasant aspects. Also, based on the current findings, Wajid is a determinist poet who, despite the few references he made to the power of human will, the dominance of deterministic thinking is evident in all of his poems. Due to his monotheistic and religious ideas, Wajid cannot be fully classified among nihilists, but the existence of factors such as ignorance of the secret of existence and philosophical and religious doubts have brought him closer to nihilistic ideas.

This article has been prepared with the aim of identifying tax evasion procedures and knowing the situational prevention strategies in 5 main techniques and 25 sub-techniques. To make it difficult to commit crime, this study while emphasizing on creating justice and tax culture and strengthening the technology of the tax affairs organization and all-round cooperation of all government institutions and banks and other institutions under the payment of taxes, state prevention of tax evasion through increasing effort, increasing risks , considers reducing benefits, reducing sanctions and removing excuses to be effective in preventing tax evasion. Also, with field research and analysis of questionnaires conducted by the tax experts of Alborz General Administration of Taxation, the success and efficiency of preventive measures have been proven based on the results of the research with a test at the confidence level of 95%, the impact rate for each indicator based on The table shows the direct and positive impact of preventive measures.

With the expansion of the use of computers and the Internet in everyday life, crimes related to cyber space have also increased. This shows the importance of adapting legal rules and regulations to new technologies and realities. This may cause legal challenges. Accordingly, the purpose of this article is to examine the question of what is the approach of the criminal law of Iran and the European Union to the criminal liability of artificial intelligence? This article is descriptive and analytical and it has investigated the mentioned subject by using the library method. The findings indicate that there is no criminal liability for artificial intelligence in European Union law and the requirement for criminal liability of artificial intelligence is that it has a legal personality. Criminal liability is not defined for artificial intelligence in Iran's criminal law. The impossibility of achieving the goals of punishment, the unenforceability of corporal and deprivation of liberty punishments and financial punishments are the most important challenges of assigning criminal responsibility to artificial intelligence.

Today, "Knowledge" is considered as one of the most important organizational resources that, with its proper creation, organizations can find new and useful information and reach more effective methods and become more productive. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying I.R.I. Police knowledge creation indicators in the management of police crime prevention.

In terms of its method, the current study is of a mixed-method (qualitative and quantitative) study and in terms of objectives it is developmental-applicative. The data collection tool was the questionnaire of knowledge creation and crime prevention management. The statistical community of the qualitative part was 20 experts, including faculty members, managers and experienced experts in the field of law enforcement. The sample size up to theoretical saturation included 17 people who participated in identifying the factors through interviews and verifying the factors through the Delphi technique and were selected by purposive sampling. The statistical sample consisted of faculty members, professors, researchers, commanders, managers, page managers, and headquarters of the center, based on Morgan's table, a sample of 186 people was randomly selected by classes, with the size of the classes. SPSS version 26 and SMART PLS version 3.3 software were also used to validate the model.

All 56 primary indicators of knowledge creation variable were approved by experts (p-value <0.05). Friedman's test was used to rank the indicators of the knowledge creation variable, and according to the results, the index of "giving importance to individual opinions" has the highest rank, and the indicators of "recording of documents, documents and methods of doing work", "use of scientific resources, computer simulation and forecasting to develop strategies" and "Creating a work environment that gives colleagues the opportunity to learn the necessary knowledge and skills" respectively, have the second to fourth ranks of importance.

By improving the indicators of "enabling, facilitating and creating knowledge" factors, disciplinary prevention will also improve. Moreover, in addition to the direct effect, these indicators also indirectly affect the management of crime prevention.

One of the inherent tasks of literature is the creation of art and beauty Poetic emotions are produced in the form of imaginative language and with appropriate and pleasant music it finds a place to influence and inspire. The use of aesthetic elements in poetry and the audience's reception of the poet's emotions and feelings have a great impact on understanding the beauty of poetry. Nadem Qaisari is one of the contemporary Afghan poets who is not well known in the literary community of Iran. In this study, which is conducted with the aim of knowing the artistic arrangements and beauty of Nadem Qaisari's sonnets, the authors make an effort to examine the outstanding linguistic, musical and visual elements in the poet's sonnets and find out how they are related to poetic emotion. The results of this analytical-descriptive study show that Nadeem's sonnets are full of linguistic extranormatives, phonetic and musical highlights, harmony of image and emotion, original similes, special compositions and thematizations based on mythological and historical concepts. He has emphasised the aesthetic and artistic aspects of his poetry with a special view of the linguistic abilities and the different components of language.

Art can play a practical role in the prevention of crime due to effective mechanisms that have in the direction of individual and social behavior of people, treatment, and rehabilitation of criminals if it is considered in the elements of the criminal justice system. With an emphasis on the applications of art, this research was done to identify the directional pillars of the criminal justice system of the Islamic Republic of Iran.This study is applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of the nature of data. The tools of data collection in the qualitative part were the review of upstream documents and semi-structured interviews with 19 experts who were selected in a purposeful way as a focus group. In the quantitative section, a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of 5 sections and 95 items was used. The overall reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha and combined reliability (CR >0.7) and its convergent validity was also confirmed based on the extracted average variance index (AVE >0.5). The statistical population in the quantitative section consists of 96 managers of organizations affiliated with the criminal justice system, who were selected by stratified sampling. Thematic content analysis method was used for qualitative data analysis, and utilizing SPSS and PLS software statistical tests of structural equation modeling were also used for quantitative data analysis.Confirmed by GOF index (= 0.537) and t-value tests >1.96) data analysis indicates that the dimensions, components, and indicators identified for the directional elements of the art-oriented model are valid and meaningful and have a good fit.The results show this system using practical therapeutic, cultural rehabilitative benefits of art in the model of its directional elements can achieve the desirable perspective in crime prevention.

One of the challenges of Tehran metropolis is the presence of a large number of homeless people in this city. Khavaran homeless shelter has been built as the largest hothouse in Tehran to organize night shelters for homeless people. In this study, we try to investigate the impact of Khavaran homeless shelter on crime prevention in the southeast of Tehran.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and has been done by survey-analytical method and is a mixed research. The statistical population in the qualitative section was 13 homeless people and 7 law enforcement officers and the sampling method of these two groups were random sampling and purposeful sampling and the source of the data were interviews. Selection cluster and sample size of 148 people were calculated using Morgan table and to collect data, a questionnaire was used to test the hypotheses by descriptive statistical methods, Kolomogorov-Smirnov test and Pearson correlation coefficient and SPSS software was used to analyze the data.

Khavaran homeless shelter is effective in crime prevention at both extra-local and local levels in both positive and negative ways. At the local level, thishomeless shelter has been effective in reducing crimes such as petty theft, fatal accidents, suspicious deaths, vagrancy, begging and harassment, but at the local level, it has caused insecurity among neighborhood residents and their negative attitude towards the preventive operation of the homeless shelter Is.

prevention and detection of crimes along with respecting the rights of citizens is one of the main and inherent duties of Faraja. During the prevention and discovery stages of crimes, specialized police officers (Safi) may intentionally or unintentionally violate the rights of citizens (assaults, insults and obscenities) despite having legal powers. Safi Faraja employees have been assaulted against citizens and appropriate solutions have been provided.

In terms of practical purpose and qualitative method and tools, data collection was conducted by reviewing existing documents and files (1395-1400) through interviews with experienced and expert employees in the field of dealing with crimes and violations of employees in the number of 15 people.

The findings showed that along with the increase in important crimes in the society, and the increase in the society's expectations from the commanders and chief executives of Faraja and subsequently from the employees on the one hand, and the weakness in the equipment and infrastructure as well as the weakness of the principles of technical and scientific interrogation by the police (Safi), intentionally or unintentionally leads them to violate the rights of citizens.

Considering the inherent duties of the police and the increase in the occurrence of crime, the effective factors in preventing violations and assaults against citizens include: extra-environmental (extra-organizational), environmental (intra-organizational) factors, and human factors, the modification of each of which is appropriate to the description of their duties and strengthening and providing information in the field of monitoring systems on the performance of employees such as the 197 system in order to monitor and control the performance of subordinate units, the use of appropriate electronic and optical equipment in order to detect criminal behavior and record documents in real terms, the optimal use of body cameras in accordance with the organizational missions can reduce the amount of crimes.

Background of the topic:

 urban space is not a soulless space like surrounded buildings, but living in a city with a variety of values ​​and ideas has attracted people from other places, with the physical and population expansion of cities, the number of crimes has also increased, which is one of the consequences. It is the urban anomalies of drug use and buying and selling crimes. Suitable urban furniture and use of city space will have a significant effect in this process.

In terms of the purpose of this research, it is applied, which was conducted with a descriptive-analytical method based on library information, official statistics, and the case of the case. The method of collecting data and information is the method of using statistics and official documents and visiting the places in person. Statistical Society In this research, the number of 491 judicial cases filed in the Anti-Narcotics Police of Lorestan Police Command regarding the crime of buying and selling drugs in Khorramabad city has been studied.

The results of the surveys conducted and the analyzes presented in connection with the distribution of the occurrence of petty crimes and the purchase, sale and consumption of drugs in different areas of Khorramabad city, it can be said that the necessity of optimizing urban furniture according to the textural characteristics of this city can increase while expanding the beauty of the city. The security factor and reducing the opportunity to commit crimes and increasing supervision will help

Populism and imperialism use similar forms of domination against women who are considered subordinate and different, which are similar and parallel to each other in many dimensions. The novel "Dancing in a Broken Mirror", written by Mehri Yalfani, an Iranian immigrant woman writer, tries to convince the traditional society of Iran and the modern society of its host, Canada, to listen to its opposition. He, who was always considered a second-hand, alien, Subaltern and other element by his family and society throughout his life, deals with this category in his novel and has a critical approach towards both traditional and modern host societies. In this article, the answer to the question of the manifestation of "otherness" and the identity of immigrant women from two general perspectives in this novel has been analyzed interpretatively and descriptively, and it shows that not only in the traditional patriarchal society, the man is the main decision-maker in all matters. It is for women and women lose their human identity as Other, but also in the modern host society, immigrants, both men and women, and women in particular, are viewed as inferior and they must be subject to the system and culture that It is approved and emphasized by the western society, and it is among these other ideas that the dual character and identity of migrant women is formed, which leads them to a kind of inevitable regret from migration.

The restorative approach is one of the ways to respond to the needs of the society, which can provide trust in the organization by reducing the level of interventions while meeting the needs. In order to realize this process, the need for continuous review and revision of programs and policies is most apparent. Therefore, the main goal of the current research was to present a structural model of organizational factors effective on the implementation of restorative justice in the police. In terms of its objectives the current research is of an applied research type and descriptive-survey in terms of implementation method. The statistical population of this research is made up of specialists and prevention experts. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. The obtained data was analyzed through structural equations and partial least squares method with the help of SMART PLS-2 software. The validity of the questionnaire was analyzed using divergent validity and convergent validity tests in SMART PLS software, and Cronbach's alpha test and composite reliability coefficient (CR) were used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. The value of Cronbach's alpha for each variable was higher than 0.7 and it shows the reliability of the questionnaire. To measure the validity of the questionnaire, the average variance extracted (AVE) was used, which was more than 0.4 and acceptable, and the criteria of significance coefficients Z, R_square, Q2 were used to check the fit of the structural model, and the obtained results indicate the appropriate fit of the model. The results showed that the variables of legal structures and procedures with the influence coefficient of 0.380, educational structure (0.232) and organizational culture (0.061), respectively, have the greatest impact on the implementation of restorative justice in the police. The effect of organizational structure on the implementation of restorative justice in the police was rejected.

the existing security organization in FARAJA, using its Background and purpose In recent years, the General Police Command of Islamic Republic of Iran, in a scientific approach based on increasing the quality of services and minimizing material and moral damages resulting from the implementation of organizational missions, has made purposeful planning for crime prevention.; Therefore, identifying the factors affecting the prevalence of crimes among the employees of the organization is very important to realize this task as a basic approach.

This research is quantitative in terms of approach, in terms of purpose is practical, in terms of method is descriptive-survey and in terms of time is cross-sectional. For the adequacy of the sample members at the 95% confidence level, 42 employees of the targeted organization were selected as a statistical sample. to collect information; By referring to scientific citation databases, research and academic centers, libraries and studying books, dissertations, scientific articles with a specialized scientific-promotional and research approach, the researcher has collected information. To collect data after interviewing the experts, a researcher-made questionnaire with good validity and reliability was used. The data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smironov, one-sample t, paired t and Friedman's rank tests.

The research results showed; based on the rank average, in terms of the statistical sample, the managerial factor has the greatest influence and the individual factor has the least influence on the prevalence of crime. In total, among all the determined indicators; "Lack of a comprehensive system and obstacles for salaries and wages, rewards and punishments in proportion to the volume of missions" received the highest rating, and the lowest rating was assigned to "inadvertent leakage of information in private circles".

One of the concerns of the police is the reduction and prevention of repeated delinquency and victimization. The measures and orders, policies, documents, and domestic and international laws, etc. can draw a bright future for prevention. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the I.R.I. Police guideline to prevent the recidivism with restorative approaches.

In terms of its objectives this research is of a developmental-applied, and in terms of nature, it is descriptive-analytical, and in terms of methodology it is qualitative (theme analysis). The statistical populations that were interviewed by experts and police elites were selected by a snowball sampling method and the interview continued with 19 people until theoretical saturation. The data collection tool is a semi-structural interview whose validity and reliability were confirmed in the meeting sessions. Open and pivotal coding method is used for data analysis.

Police can provide wider and timely access to victims of crime and criminals to justice and compensation for damages. They can provide a good alternative to criminal proceedings and reduces the frequency and intensity of recidivism, especially when the rehabilitation approach is considered. They can avoid more stigmatization to the criminals. They can help them integrate into the community to improve public participation and confidence and take more effective local measures to prevent crime.

Recidivism and victimization take a large portion of the police power, so I.R.I. Police must focus its approach to restorative prevention to achieve crime prevention. To do this, they must consider their vision, mission, and values on the principles of restorative justice and enable strategic priorities.

"Logotherapy" or semantic therapy is taken from the Greek word "logos". "Logos" refers to "soul" and "meaning" and it's combined with life and its meanings. Viktor Frankl, the founder of the semantic therapy method, believes that the meaning of life is to discover, not to create. According to his opinion, the final concerns of mankind can be solved to some extent by expanding his perspective on life and the universe and heal the spiritual wounds caused by existential problems. Nadem Qaisari as a poet and a philosopher whose life in the turbulent environment of Afghanistan has imposed many sufferings upon him, in his sonnets, he has presented a valuable approach to the methods of giving meaning to sufferings, getting rid of mental ambiguities and healing spiritual wounds caused by existential problems, which from the perspective of the semantic therapy school is important. This research, which was provided by the method of analyzing the content of Nadem's sonnets based on Frankel's semantic therapy, has answered the question that the attention to the meaning and conceptual symmetry of Frankel's theory can be traced in Nadem's sonnets and thought? The result shows that acceptance of fate, finding meaning in suffering, self-transcendence, religious orientation and meaning therapy with love are the best solutions to deal with mental ambiguities, psychological problems and a better understanding of the beauties of life.

From the very beginning, Ibn Arabi's opinions spread and received a special acceptance in the Central Asia and India, and "during a period of nearly eight centuries, the brains and thoughts of a great number of the best and most sincere researchers were occupied by these opinions." (Ibn Arabi, 2007, preface: 91) Most mystics after Ibn Arabi were influenced by his opinions and thoughts. Those who disagreed with the Grand Sheikh were mostly Muhaddiths, jurists and those scholars who were referred to as outwards Ulama. Although these scholars were very prominent in knowledge and science, most of them were not aware of the indoor truths and sciences, for this reason their opposition was ignored. (See: Nadvi, 2004:182). The first refutation of Ibn Arabi was written by Muhammad bin Umar Damishqi (died in 652 AH) and the first book against Fusous al-Hikam was written by Imad ad-Din Ahmad bin Ibrahim Hanbali (died in 711 AH) called "Ashi’ta an-Nusous fi Hatk Astar al-Fusous". In Persia, the first voice of protest apparently arose not from among the jurists and theologians, but from among the mystical circles. The famous mystic Sheikh Rukn ad-Din Abu al-Makarim Alaa ad-Dawlah Semnani (659-736 AH), called Ibn Arabi a "great man", but he did not like his belief of the unity of existence. (See: Ibn Arabi, 2007, preface: 40) Two other personalities have also proposed the theory of Monotheism of Witness in front of the theory of the unity of existence; one is Ibn Taimiyyah (661-728 AH), a famous muhaddith, theologian and jurist (Jalili, 2020: 73) and the other is Shaikh al-Islam Ahmad bin Yahya bin Muhammad Hashemi Manyari, one of the great scholars of the Indian subcontinent. (Dabiran, 2006: 47). Abul Hasan Ali Nadwi believes that "among the critics of Ibn Arabi, Sheikh Ahmad Sarhandi is the only person who, while he himself has actually passed through the valleys of mysticism and its stages, was able to comment on the unity of existence like an eye witness and with full confidence. He could say that I know every bit of this alley." (Nadvi, 2004: 188). He rejected Ibn Arabi's theory of unity of existence by proposing the theory of the unity of witness, redefining his ontological concepts.

The upcoming research has been done by using study and library tools, especially by studying the text of the three-volume book of Sheikh Ahmad Sarhandi (the Letters) and by the method of critical analysis of the text Topic In the Islamic world, three types of explanation of the existence can be distinguished: theological explanation, philosophical explanation and mystical explanation. (Turan, 2010: 176). In the first stage, all the theologians, philosophers, and mystics agree that the ancient and eternal independent existence belongs only to the Almighty God, but they differ on how to attribute the existence to the creatures. The theologians say: the beings of the world have real obtained existence, which means that their existence depends on God's will and creation. Some Muslim philosophers believe that the existence of creatures has a ratio relation with the existence. In this regard, mystics are divided into two groups:Those who believe in the theory of the unity of existence, and Ibn Arabi is the leader of them, consider the existence of creatures to be illusory (which have an external appearance). b. The supporters of Wahdat al-Shohoud, headed by Sheikh Sarhandi, consider the existence of creatures to be an illusory shadowy existence. (Usmani, 2006:252; Abbasi, 2003:87).According to the mystics, acceptance of the personal unity of existence is the prerequisite of believing in the actual infinity of God; because God is an infinite and unlimited existence; if we consider His existence limited, we have accepted some of His perfections and refused some other ones. Accepting such a limitation is a defect, and God is free from any defect. Therefore, the prerequisite of God's existence being infinite and unlimited is that it encompasses all actual existence and reality and leaves no place for other existences in its width or length; therefore, the existence and existed will have a real and essential example, which is the Almighty, and all possible multiplicity and virtual beings must be interpreted any way in the heart of this infinity. (Yazdan Panah, 2019: 266) In the works of Sadr al-Mota’ahhileen, personal unity can be approached through the infinite and limitless nature of God Almighty. (Vahedjavan, 2018:146) According to Sheikh Sarhandi, the way to get rid of this problem is the one adopted by mystics and Sufis who consider the world to be "illusory". (Sarhandi, 1381:3/512) Of course, this illusion is not the illusion that the sophists claim, but it means the illusion which God created it in the stage of illusion and exists in the level of illusion, "and in saying illusion, no prohibition is necessary because it is in the color of existence, and the eternal rulings and transactions and immortal blessings and torments are related to it. It is a different illusion from the illusion a foolish sophist believes in it which is a mere imagination. (Ibid: 3/512 and 513)

Sheikh Ahmad Sarhandi has redefined Ibn Arabi's ontological concepts such as the levels of existence, the level of illusion, the level of proof and manifestation of the universe, the unity of existence, the difference between the creator and the creature, the plurality and the five demotions for God. For example, by rejecting the theory of the unity of existence of Ibn Arabi, he put forward the unity of witness in contrast to it, and considered the position of existential monotheism as the position of the heart from the point of view of verve and intuition, which the people of mysticism usually experience it, but he does not consider it the end of mysticism, and he believes that it should be passed.The result of the research shows that Sarhandi agrees with Ibn Arabi that the universe has an imaginary existence, but the level of illusion in his view is different from what Ibn Arabi intended. In his opinion, Ibn Arabi's mistake is that he considers an illusory appearance as an external appearance, while the objects of the world that have been stabilized by God's will are in the level of illusion, and we as part of the world, are in the same level; therefore, we do not have access to the outside. It is beyond this world and is superior to our intuition and feeling. What we see and feel are all in the realm of illusion, and the external being is beyond our understanding and separate from the world.

the emergence of information and communication technology and its wide and deep impact on various dimensions of human life has caused the emergence of new crimes and the migration of a major part of crimes from the physical space to the virtual space; Therefore, the aim of this research, is reviewing non-criminal methods of preventing employees from committing crimes in cyberspace.

This research is applied in terms of a mixed approach and in terms of a descriptive analytical method, it is a survey type, and it was conducted using exploratory studies and structured interviews with 7 experts, and due to the lived experience and specialized knowledge of the studied community of experts. And the experts working in one of FATEB's police stations have been used and sampling has been done in full (37 people).

due to the normality of the questionnaire data, parametric tests (T-test and Friedman's ranks) were used to rank the dimensions, components and indicators of the research, and based on Friedman's test, among the research components, the protective and preventive measures component was 94.1 Percentage; the component of educational and awareness measures with 93.4%; the situational prevention component observing the virtual environment with 92.8% and the situational prevention component observing the individual in the virtual space with 89.4% had the highest to the lowest factor loading, respectively. In addition to the preventive measures of monitoring the virtual environment and monitoring the individual, the organization should promote preventive measures and effective countermeasures in the cyber space by promoting educational measures and awareness, protection, regular warning programs, explaining the consequences and legal consequences.

this study, while briefly paying attention to the common procedures of crime prevention, reviewing them and also the legal process of crime prevention in Iran, with a new approach to the issue of crime prevention and presenting a new approach called reverse crime prevention in the face of events Criminalization and rehabilitation of criminals seeks to prevent the recurrence of crime and reduce its occurrence by creating the conditions for social development, placing the capabilities, skills and black intelligence of professional criminals in the path of individual and social excellence (turning threats into opportunities). In addition, the police have a greater guiding and expert role in managing, coordinating and implementing reverse crime prevention processes.

Method: 

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of the nature of the data, the data collection tool is also documentary and inferential. In addition, the theories of the elites in the field of crime prevention have been used for theoretical purposes.

individual rehabilitation of criminals by creating grounds for social development, strengthening victims and crime environments on a case-by-case basis, which is in fact the focus of the reverse crime prevention approach as a new practice; While developing police knowledge and capabilities in crime prevention management, it also integrates single-institutional or multi-institutional preventive measures.

Reverse crime prevention as a new method with point performance and role of police guidance in creating cross-sectoral coordination, eliminating the risks of criminal events, managing needs and creating opportunities for social development for both criminals and victims, while providing quick returns. Being also helps complement other preventative approaches to crime prevention.