محمد قاسمی

Human kindness to animals has always faced theoretical and practical challenges in the field of ethics and religion. The utilitarian idea of "man, the superior creature" which is also known as "transcendent human being" or "noble creatures", considers the whole universe to be in line with the interests of man and for this purpose, he has tried to obtain moral and religious foundations. This puts a person who believes in ethics and religion in a dilemma in the process of interacting with animals. With the aim of getting out of such a situation and overcoming the theoretical challenges of benevolence to animals, and relying on the descriptive-analytical method, while acknowledging the idea of the equality of creatures, Ferraro's writing has come to the conclusion that benevolence to animals can be He established moral-philosophical and religious foundations. The right to life, the principle of non-harm and justice are the three important moral-philosophical foundations of kindness to animals. However, the perception and feeling of animals is an element that exists in all three mentioned cases and can be the most important moral-philosophical basis of benevolence to animals. Also, in the analysis of religious foundations, it has come to the conclusion that although there are documents from the Qur'an for the idea of a transcendent human being, the mentioned references can be criticized and there are many verses that can put the theory of the equality of creation in a superior position.

The prevalence and diversity of drug-related crimes in societies have grown to such an extent that stakeholders involved in combating this issue have been compelled to leverage legal and judicial systems to address it. Consequently, the concept of crime prediction has gradually entered the framework of criminal justice systems. In this regard, criminal justice systems have employed data mining techniques to adopt preventive policies aimed at combating drug-related crimes. The importance of data mining lies in its ability to transform the process of predicting drug-related crimes into a classification problem, wherein various features are utilized to uncover hidden knowledge. Essentially, this knowledge constitutes a classification system designed for the automatic identification of individuals with prior criminal records. This study employs a descriptive-analytical methodology with a quantitative survey approach. The statistical population comprises judicial case files of convicted individuals from the Enforcement of Judgments Office in Shahriar County, collected during the years 2017–2018. A unique dataset was created from this data, dividing the collected features into two classes: individuals with no prior criminal record and those with prior records. The algorithms examined in this study include multilayer perceptron, logistic regression, decision trees, naive Bayes, J48, and self-organizing networks. Data analysis was conducted using the WEKA software. The findings indicate, first, that the naive Bayes classification algorithm outperformed other algorithms in terms of accuracy and efficiency. However, the accuracy levels achieved by other algorithms were also notably high, reflecting the quality of the features. Second, data mining methods can play a significant role in predicting drug-related crimes. Based on the study’s results, it can be concluded that one of the primary methods for crime prediction is uncovering patterns of criminal behavior, a capability that data mining has provided to a considerable extent.

In this article, we attempt to examine the concept and importance of good deeds from the perspective of Imam Ali (AS), relying on his sermons, letters, and aphorisms in the valuable book Nahj al-balagha. We will discuss the effects of good deeds and the obstacles to performing them. In Nahj al-balagha, Imam Ali (AS) refers to good deeds with words such as kindness, benevolence, righteousness, goodness, and also emphasizes the importance of action and piety. From Imam Ali's perspective, piety and avoiding humiliation and contempt, eradicating evil, conquering hearts, are among the positive effects of good deeds. On the other hand, stinginess, withholding rewards, and not rewarding the righteous are considered obstacles to performing good deeds.

This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the motivational framework of human resources specialized in electricity distribution in Bushehr province. The current research is of a qualitative, fundamental, interpretive and inductive type, which was implemented with thematic analysis method. The statistical population of the research consists of fourteen university experts and participants who are working in Bushehr province electricity distribution company and were selected by a judgmental method. After selecting the participants, the research questions were answered through semi-structured interviews. After reviewing and analyzing the obtained interviews, 188 descriptive codes were obtained, of which 54 primary themes, 21 organizing themes were obtained in 8 comprehensive themes. After examining and analyzing the results, the presented model includes the following comprehensive and organizing theme; The bed builders that refer to external and internal factors. Environmental factors that are secondary factors and include occupational and organizational factors. Organizational action includes organizational orientation, organizational justice, and budget policies. The action of human resource management refers to the development of soft capabilities and the development of hard capabilities. And finally, the functions of human resources management, which include recruitment and employment, training and development, performance management, communication and organizational architecture, service compensation and leadership. Implementation of the proposed model can; To have positive individual, organizational and extra-organizational consequences for the society. The presented model can be a basis for planning organizations so that they can keep their specialized force who have unique experiences, knowledge, expertise and skills in organizations.

There are many verses in the Holy Quran about animals, in which it is mentioned many times that animals are a sign of divine power and a source of inspiration for humanity, and there are countless benefits in them. In many verses, God asks people to meditate on divine signs, including the creation of animals. In other verses he has invited people to learn from other creatures, such as cows, birds, ants and bees. On the other hand, regarding the view of animals, from the perspective of Arab literature and poets, it must be said that there is no Arab poet who does not have an important effect on his poetry, as in Arab literature, a brave person is likened to a lion, and a cunning person is likened to a lion. to the fox, and the beautiful maid to the gazelle. This article aims to analyze the level of attention of the Holy Quran to animals as well as the appearance of animals in Arabic literature in a descriptive and analytical way. One of the results of this research is that God has invited humans to be kind to animals in the Holy Quran. Animals have always been important in Arabic literature. Although this interest is more evident in the era of Jahiliyyah, Islam and the Abbasid era. In the contemporary period, birds have become a symbol of resistance against the Zionist occupation and a symbol of freedom in many poems by Palestinian poets.

In recent decades, organizations, due to facing numerous economic and administrative problems, are facing big challenges in managing their affairs, which has forced them to attach great importance to issues such as job motivation and maintaining their human resources. This research was carried out with the aim of investigating the motivational framework of specialized human resources in organizations.

This research is of a qualitative, developmental, interpretive, and inductive type, which was implemented with a meta synthesis approach and qualitative content analysis method. The sources of information used in the research are articles published in two internal databases; Academic Jihad Scientific Information Center and Foreign Base, Elsevier, and Thomson Reuters. After collecting published articles from two databases based on the index considered by the researchers, the selected articles were selected for review.

After examining and combining the results of the reviewed selected studies, 110 descriptive codes were classified into 40 primary themes, 16 organizing themes and 4 overarching themes. Four overarching themes are as follows: The primary platforms; strategic prerequisites, secondary foundations; Career factors, strategies; government action; Upstream documents and social orientation, organization action; organizational strategies and structural strategies, human resource management action; It includes leadership, compensation, performance management, training and development, organizational architecture and employee communication. At the same time, job requirements; organizational background factors and individual background factors also effectively affect strategies and secondary platforms. Finally, the consequences include individual consequences, motivational and collaborative, organizational, stability and agility, meta-organization, satisfaction, and social.

This framework can be a basis for planning organizations so that they can keep their specialized force who have unique experiences, knowledge, expertise and skills in organizations. Of course, it should be mentioned that the correct prerequisite for the implementation of the proposed framework in government and non-government organizations of the country is the development and implementation of policies and strategies that are appropriate for that specialized human force.

Social media and online shopping have become a popular and growing shopping method in recent years. Trust is one of the main factors that increase online shopping. Other components that contribute to the intention to buy online are motivators. Incentives encourage users to buy products online. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of consumer motivations, including reward, social and empowerment, on online purchase intention through trust in apparel and fashion retailers on social media. The research method is survey-analytical and applied. The population of this research is Instagram social network users and people who tend to buy from Instagram social media pages. The sampling plan is non-probability and available sampling method is used. A questionnaire was used to data gathering. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire have been confirmed using construct validity as well as Cronbach's alpha. The data has been collected using a questionnaire from 384 users of the Instagram social network who have followed clothing and fashion sales pages. Amos and SPSS 18 software were used for data analysis. The results showed that reward, social, and empowerment motives directly affect the online purchase intentions of apparel buyers and also indirectly through trust. Also, trust fully mediates the relationship between empowerment motivation and online purchase intention of users.

The Behavioral Finance Affairs Are Related to Investors' Spirit and Its Role in Financial Decisions. We Know that Humans Have Feelings That Can Affect Their Decisions. Such Decisions are Commonly Inefficient and Unreasonable and Can Result in Some Damages and Disasters in Stock Markets.The Present Study Is Aimed to Present an Appropriate Model for Bridling The Emotional Behaviors of The New Investors in Tehran Stock Exchange. In This Study, The Grounded Theory Is Used for Answering The Questions. This Study is Conducted Based on The Theoretical Sampling Introduced by Strauss and Corbin (2008). In The Sample Group, 12 Semi-Structured Interviews Were Conducted with Managers, Traders, and Instructors of Financial Institutions. The Obtained Results Indicated 230 Primary Codes, Which Were Classified Into 21 Main Categories. Education And Culture-Creation, Planned and Organized Offering, Capital Management, Innovation and Structural Factors, Rules, Regulations, and Punishments, and Economic and Political Factors Are The Identified Strategies That in The Case of Being Prioritized by Organizations, Financial Institutions, and New Investors, Then We Can Expect Reduction in The Investors' Emotional Behaviors.

The purpose of this research was to develop practical knowledge in a specific field. This research was conducted with the intention of using the findings to solve specific problems within the organization and measure the impact of coaching management on sustainable performance in the Red Crescent Organization of Sistan and Baluchistan province. This study was descriptive-survey and cross-sectional in terms of data collection method. The statistical population included all the employees of the Red Crescent Organization of Sistan and Baluchistan Province, who were 1850 people based on the obtained information. The sampling method was stratified random sampling and the sample size of 318 was determined using Cochran's sampling formula with 95% confidence level and 5% error. The data collection tools included standard questionnaires. In order to measure the intensity of coaching through a two-item scale related to the effectiveness of the supervisor's coaching behavior and the extent of this behavior, it was operationalized by matching the items with the feedback of Ilgen et al (1979). Moreover, to measure the sustainable performance, a standard questionnaire (Steniski & Erbakiuskas, 2009) including 16 items was used. The results of the analysis using the structural equation method showed that coaching management, the effectiveness of the supervisor's coaching behavior and the extent of this behavior have a positive significant effect on sustainable performance.

Government is one of the basic needs to provide human perfection in the religion of Islam, and its political and social dimensions should be examined from the Quranic perspective. An analysis of the exact meaning of governance in Islamic teachings, the Quranic indicators of good governance by studying the verses of the Holy Quran, the importance of justice as an important approach in governance today, and also the paradigm of "good governance" as a common and dominant way to manage society in the world. The current research, in terms of the goal, is classified as developmental and applied research, and its method is descriptive-analytical. According to the nature and type of the subject under study, the collection of information was based on library and documentary methods. In this article, while referring to some verses of the Holy Quran, with the aim of answering this question, explaining the necessity of good governance from the perspective of the Holy Quran and the Sunnah. How is the Prophet of Islam (PBUH)? Been paid.

The diversity of the workforce is of great importance in management activities, and managers need training in order to effectively manage diversity and provide effective strategies to manage such differences; Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the effects and consequences of diversity on social capital in the General Department of Cooperation, Labor and Social Welfare of Sistan and Baluchistan province.

If we consider the distinction between jurisprudence and theology to be based on the assumption that the former focuses on the action of the duty-bound person and the latter on the action of God, then the question of the origin of political legitimacy becomes a jurisprudential-theological issue; namely, who can and indeed must be obeyed? This is a jurisprudential question in terms of who has the right to obedience set by Allah. The present research, with a jurisprudential-theological approach, offers the question of political legitimacy to the Holy Quran and tries to answer it from the perspective of the verses of obedience and with the method of ijtihadi analysis. The finding of the present research from the case study of the verses of obedience is that there is a relationship of necessity between the right to obedience and servitude. The right to obedience and, consequently, the necessity of obedience to the orders and prohibitions issued by the holder of this right is established for those who have the right to servitude. Since humans cannot directly be the recipients of divine orders and prohibitions, the Holy Quran has introduced prophets and imams as intermediaries for divine obedience in social and individual affairs of humans. Although the complete example of the imam is the infallible imam (peace be upon him), many Shia scholars believe that in the era of occultation, the qualified jurist will be the example of the imam with or without an intermediary. Therefore, such a right is not limited and confined to a specific time - the presence of the infallible imam (peace be upon him).

Considering the benefits of a community-based approach, the present study aims to design a community-based implementation model of addiction prevention policies.

The research is based on qualitative and quantitative research, which is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature and method, is among the exploratory research. The statistical population of both stages was determined to be 22 people using snowball sampling method. The data collection tool is in the qualitative stage of interviews and library studies, which were analyzed using the content analysis method and NVIVO software. In the quantitative stage, the data collection tool was a questionnaire, the data of which were analyzed by fuzzy Dimtel method and MATLAB software.

The results included 5 comprehensive themes, 23 interpretive themes and 120 descriptive themes. According to the research model, the comprehensive themes of capacity-building, empowerment and drivers were effective on community-based implementation and the overall theme of capacity-building was effective on empowerment, and community-based implementation was effective on the overall theme of outcomes. The vast majority of studies have focused on the top-down implementation model, and so far no research has used the bottom-up model of policy implementation. Therefore, paying attention to the community-based approach in the present study can increase the use of bottom-up model in future research.

The increase in human hegemonic actions in the past few decades has led to the realization of the dream of the global village. This, which took place under the banner of globalization, led to the emergence of actions that, although in their nature, were crimes, but were not related to traditional and conventional definitions and viewpoints governing traditional crimes, and in addition, in terms of constituent elements, perpetrators, and victims, they were different from traditional crimes. Was. Criminal law, with a traditional view of crime, considers only illegal behavior as a crime and determines the punishment for it. This approach to crime is a narrow approach based on the principle of legality of crimes and punishments, while the opposite point is a broad view that believes that crime is a behavior based on the violation of human rights of citizens. The main focus of this research, which is based on the descriptiveanalytical method, is the analysis of the role of the phenomenon of globalization in the emergence of crimes that have arisen directly or indirectly from it. In other words, global crimes are those harmful policies and practices of organizations and institutions that are specifically the product of the force of globalization and occur in the global environment in their nature. In this research, due to the extent and importance of these crimes, an attempt has been made to look beyond the national and international dimensions of the subject to reveal the crimes that have unfortunately been neglected by criminologists and criminal law activists. Also, while analyzing the role of globalization in the emergence of global crimes and presenting a precise, comprehensive and comprehensive definition, the common perception of these crimes should be corrected.

One of the dangers that have threatened the life of human societies throughout the centuries is the occurrence of natural disasters, which, in case of lack of awareness and lack of preparation, cause irreparable damage to various dimensions of human life, including residential, social and environmental areas. make It seems necessary to pay attention to the programs and principles of mitigating these disasters as well as their long-term effects in Iran, which is one of the countries prone to natural disasters. Today, the community-based crisis management approach has found a special place among societies and can be it used to improve the resilience of citizens. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of community-based crisis management on the resilience of citizens of Kerman province against natural disasters with the mediating role of spiritual capital. The research method is based on the applied goal and based on the descriptive-survey implementation method based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research included all the citizens of Kerman province in the number of 3164718 people, based on Cochran's formula and taking into account the error of 0.05, 384 people were selected as the sample size by simple random method. In order to collect information, a questionnaire tool was used, and the validity of the questionnaires was measured and confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis and reliability using the combined reliability method. In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling method was used in Smart PLS version 3 software environments. The results of data analysis with the structural equation modeling approach show that the community-oriented crisis management variable has a positive and significant effect on the resilience of citizens with an impact factor of 0.45. Also, spiritual capital, while having a positive and meaningful effect on the resilience of citizens, plays a mediating role in the relationship between community-based crisis management and resilience.

Corrosion inhibitor is an suitable and economical method to control the corrosion of metals in acidic environments. In this regard, green corrosion inhibitors based on plant essential oils have received a lot of attention as a usable alternative to common synthetic corrosion inhibitors, which are mostly not environmentally friendly. The presence of active compounds in eucalyptus essential oil has made it a source of green inhibitors in steel corrosion control. In this study, the inhibitory performance of eucalyptus essential oil has been investigated by extracting essential oils using steam method, electrochemical tests and surface analysis methods. Therefore, eucalyptus leaf essential oil has been used as a green inhibitor in the corrosive environment of sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid to check the reduction of metal corrosion in this environment GC-Mass device was used to investigate the compounds present in the eucalyptus plant. The effect of steel corrosion inhibition by essential oils was investigated using weight measurement methods, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and absorption isotherms and the results of metal immersed in acid solution with different concentrations were compared in the absence of inhibitor. The results of the tests showed that this substance has a good performance as an inhibitor and the percentage of inhibition on steel corrosion will increase with increasing concentration. The absorption of eucalyptus essential oil on steel follows the absorption isotherm and the amount of free energy of absorption indicates the spontaneous absorption of this substance with the predominance of chemical absorption on the surface.

The increasing use of the Instagram social network and its impact on communication and interactions has created new opportunities in the use of this network for the representation and social actions of all people, especially celebrities. On the other hand, with the outbreak of the Corona endemic, this communication tool has been used more in order to disseminate information and empathize reduction of the damage of the disease. The current research was conducted with the aim of knowing how Iranian celebrities use the Instagram social network to raise awareness and health-oriented communication with their audiences in the era of Corona. According to the objectives, the research method is qualitative; after collecting the content of the messages posted in the user accounts of 15 celebrities, the data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the current research have shown that the five main categories (topics of interest to famous people in representing and sharing with their audience on the Instagram social network) in order of importance are: following protocols, warning and regretting, informing about the experience of Corona, creating hope and empathy with the medical staff.

The community-oriented approach in the direction of local development is an action that has been put on the agenda by the government in recent years in order to empower and develop marginalized and underprivileged neighborhoods, identifying social capital and promoting social trust through connection with the power network. local and identifying the main players of the neighborhood, supporting the activities of non-governmental organizations in the neighborhood and creating local institutions, especially in the women and youth and adolescent sectors, artistic and sports groups and promoting their awareness and responsiveness, including actions in the field of capacity building and institution building Are.The current research, in terms of the goal, is classified as developmental and applied research, and its method is descriptive-analytical. According to the nature and type of the subject under study, the collection of information was based on the library and documentary method. The research results show that there is a direct relationship between the implementation of the community-oriented approach and the realization of local development.

political oust and protest are types of opposition and struggle against the established political system. In the first one, the dissident chooses isolation and seclusion and seeks to weaken the ruling political system by non-participation and political silence. In political protest, opposition is expressed by action with the intention of endamage the political system. Examining the jurisprudential point of view of Shia jurists - especially Moḥaqeq Nāini- regarding the jurisprudential rule of political oust and protest is the problem of the present research.This article through descriptive – analytical way and library information says that the Shia jurisprudents until the constitutional movement have made a distinction between the just rulers and cruel ones in the issue of political protest and oust. Although the Shia jurists theoretically consider political protest and oust towards cruel ruler to be justified; But their practical way has focused more on political oust. They have not mentioned political oust in relation to just rulers; At the same time, they considered the political protest unjustified. In addition to the fact that Nāini clearly considers political oust as a kind of struggle against the established government; He has also included political protest in his jurisprudential thought. From some of Naini's jurisprudential opinions, it can be concluded that he confused the issue of "Advice to the Muslims" with political protest, and as a result, he considered political protest justified even against a just ruler, while the subject of political protest - in the sense that was expressed - is the cruel ruler.

The government in Iran, similar to other developing countries after the Second World War, considered itself responsible for eliminating the backwardness of the country and tried to eliminate it by designing development plans and implementing construction projects. The huge volume of half-finished construction projects is one of the realities of public sector management in the country. Parliamentarians consider the approval of the public-private partnership bill as a solution to half-finished plans. This research, conducted in a qualitative method, tries to answer two questions by analyzing the opinions of experts: first, can all half-finished projects be transferred, and second, what are the methods of economization of projects for transfer? In this article, the text of the interviews has been coded with open coding software. The analysis results are that there is no general solution for all plans, and in each case according to the background conditions (classification of unfinished plans, the possibility of their economization, etc.), causal conditions (control of the plan's approval), intervention conditions (use of capacities transfer laws, the entry of the privatization organization into this issue, etc.), strategies (preparation of legal prerequisites, preparation of regulations, etc.) and consequences (creating incentives for project managers by creating a method of returning saved resources, etc.) a convenient method for economization and transfer should be designed.