محمدحسین نعمتی

Anzali port is one of the three major ports on the northern coasts of the country, equipped with multiple berths, suitable water depth, and spacious yard, providing adequate facilities for serving various commercial, oil, passenger, fishing, and military vessels. The port was originally built at the mouth of rivers connected to the Anzali wetland, and as a result, it has always been exposed to incoming sediments from the wetland, necessitating continuous dredging operations. In recent years, due to a significant decrease in the Caspian Sea water level and an increase in the volume of sediment originating from upstream conditions of the wetland, the amount of lagoon-originated sediments in the port has increased. Suggestions have been made to remove the transverse jetty (jetty No. 10) in order to facilitate the passage of sediments through the port channel and prevent their deposition in the basin. In this article, the impact of the transverse jetty on sediment passage through the port and the sedimentation pattern is investigated using mathematical simulations. The results indicate that the removal of the transverse jetty only has local effects on flow velocity and sediment deposition within the port, without altering the overall patterns in the port. The volume of sediment entering and exiting the port will not undergo a significant change with the removal of the transverse jetty.

Performance appraisal is the most important focal points of production units. In this study, the Casual Comparative approach applied to measure the performance of active poultry units in Zanjan province. Among the various performance measurement models, total productivity index of Malmquist Index was selected because of its greater effectiveness in measuring growth. In order to achieve a comprehensive model, all poultry farms in Zanjan province were considered for study; However, due to the lack of data required, only 30 poultry farms were selected for performance evaluation. In this study, the amount of initial hatching, feed consumption, energy costs, personnel costs and healthcare costs were selected as input variables and final slaughter weight and fertilizer weight were selected as output variables. Specialized software GAMS.34.1.0 and DEA SOLVER (V8) were used for data analysis. The result showed that among the existing decision units (DMUs), in the first period AL12 with 34.9% growth had the highest total productivity growth and AL14 with a decrease of 14.4% Has had the highest productivity decline. Meanwhile, AL14 with the changes in the method of feeding poultry in the second period has had the highest growth of total productivity. On the other hand, although the AL12 unit has had the highest growth in the first period, but due to lack of attention to costs Energy and non-optimal use of grain consumed in the second period are classified as low-growth decision-making units.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation of safety-culture indices and the participation of employees of in for establishing a safe military community. To accomplish the task, the descriptive research was conducted by a geodesic approach. The study population are full-time employees of the MSU who have at least 5 years’ experience without taking into account their training course. The sample method applied here is a classified-randomization divided into three categories of commissioned officers, enlisted officer and noncommissioned employees. Robins and Hofstede’s model, Denison’s model and Quinn’s model and the opinion of university experts by Delphi’s approach, have been used to determine university culture indices. Using existing theories and expert’s opinions made 11 safety culture indexes and the participation of employees were identified for the purpose of researching a safe military society, which were tested by AMOS software in the form of assumptions using the path analysis method. Moreover, all indicators except the participation of employees in order to control affect the establishment of a safe military community. using Friedman’s test In rating military safety indexes at Military University, shows that training, safety instructions, discipline and reward system ranked 1,2,3 respectively. leadership and guidance, management support and systematic and non-systematic control of the category of safety culture gained the next ranks. Also, the results of the research show the indicators of the safety culture from the viewpoint of the commanders and staff of the University are effective in institutionalizing the participation of employees in reducing incidents.

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of sour tea powder on growth performance and immune responses of broiler chicks under conditions challenge with ascites. 400 broiler chicks were studied in arrangement of 4 experimental diets including: Treatment 1: Positive control group (without induction of ascites and without powder), treatment 2: Negative control group (induction of ascites without powder), Treatments 3 and 4) 1% and 2% sour tea powder groups with ascites induction, and inclusion of 1% and 2% tea powder. This study was conducted for 42 days and the induction of ascite was started from day 8. This study was conducted in form of a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. Performance parameters (body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio), immune responses against SRBC, weight of immune organs (spleen, thymus and bursa) and heart indexes were investigated. The results showed that the induction of ascites decreased body weight and increased feed conversion ratio in finisher period. The induction of ascites also decreased relative weight of heart indexes, immune organs and antibody titer (p<0.05). Dietary inclusion of 2% plant powder increased growth performance in finisher and total periods. It also improved relative weight of immune organs and antibody titer against SRBC. In conclusion, adding 2% Sour tea powder into diet is suggested to improve immune responses and growth performance under ascites condition.

Increasing the growth rate, shortening the breeding period and improving feed efficiency in broiler chickens has provided the basis for the occurrence of a number of metabolic disorders such as ascites syndrome. This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of medicinal plants (ethanolic extracts of Olive leaf, Garlic, Roselle and a combination of them) on performance, blood parameters and immune response of broilers under ascites induction conditions.

A number of 360 male broiler chickens of Hubbard strain were used in a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications and 15 chickens per each replication. Experimental treatments include 1) control diet, 2) diet containing 500 mg/kg vitamin C, 3) diet containing 500 mg/kg Olive leaf powder extract, 4) diet containing 500 mg/kg Garlic extract, 5) diet containing 500 mg/kg Roselle extract. 6) Diets contained a combination of three plant extracts. To induce ascites, all chickens were exposed to 15 °C cold stress from 15 to 42 days of age. During the breeding period, performance traits (body weight, feed intake) were recorded weekly. To measure blood biochemical parameters and thyroid hormones, at the end of the experiment, 2 blood samples were prepared from the chickens of each replication. To measure The Cutaneous Basophil Hypersensitivity response (CBH), Phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P) were injected intradermally into the wattle.

The results showed that the experimental treatments had no significant effect on body weight and feed consumption, but the treatments of Garlic extract, Roselle extract and vitamin C improved the feed conversion ratio (p<0.05). Visceral organs were not affected by the experimental treatments, but the ratio of the right ventricle to the whole ventricle increased as a result of cold stress (p<0.05) and the use of antioxidant compounds caused its relative improvement. Blood parameters of glucose, cholesterol and aspartate aminotransferase enzyme were not affected by experimental treatments. As a result of cold stress, blood albumin and triglyceride concentration decreased and blood uric acid concentration increased (p<0.05). The use of antioxidant compounds, especially vitamin C, decreased the lipid peroxidation index and increased the cutaneous basophilic sensitivity response (p<0.05). The use of the combination of three plant extracts reduced the serum concentration of T3 hormone (p<0.05).

The use of vitamin C and a combination of three extracts of Olive leaf powder, Garlic, and Roselle improves performance, blood and immune parameters under ascites induction conditions.

Increasing the growth rate has made broilers susceptible to environmental stresses and has reduced the bird's ability to confront oxidative stresses and has increased the incidence of metabolic diseases, especially ascites syndrome. Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of free radicals in the body and antioxidant defense mechanisms and it is one of the effective factors in increased pulmonary blood pressure. Peppermint with the scientific name of Mentha piperita stimulates growth and immune response and in addition to antibacterial and antifungal effects, it has antioxidant properties. The most important constituents of this plant are menthol, menthone, and methyl acetate, which in low concentrations, dilate blood vessels and reduce the production of malondialdehyde. This experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of adding peppermint powder on the performance, immune response, and blood parameters of broilers under ascites induction conditions.

After preparing the dry powder of the peppermint plant, the amount of essential oils was extracted using a Clevenger apparatus, and the active substances, volatile and phenolic compounds were measured using a GC-Mass spectrometry. 600 male Ross broilers were used in a completely randomized design with six treatments, five replications, and 20 chicks per experimental unit from 10 to 42 days of age. Diets were adjusted based on the nutritional needs of the Ross strain. Experimental treatments were included: 1) positive control (without induction of ascites and without adding the antioxidant), 2) negative control (induction of ascites without adding the antioxidant), 3) vitamin C (induction of ascites with 400 mg/kg diet), 4) vitamin E (induction of ascites with 200 mg/kg diet), 5) and 6) levels of one and two percentages of peppermint powder with induction of ascites, respectively. To induce ascites, chickens were given water containing 1,200 mg/L sodium (3 g/L NaCl) from day 15 of the experiment. During the experimental period, performance traits (body weight and feed intake) were recorded and on day 38 of the experiment, two blood samples from each replication were taken to measure blood parameters (glucose, total protein, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)). At the end of the experiment, two chicks of each replication were slaughtered to measure immune organs. The ratio of the right ventricle to the total ventricle (RV / TV) was also considered to be an anatomical indicator of ascites. To measure the humoral immune response, 10 % SRBC suspension solution was injected intravenously, and to measure the cellular immune response, 0.1 mL of phytohemagglutinin was injected between the toes of the bird's right toes.

Laboratory analysis of peppermint powder showed that the most active compounds and substances included menthol with 46.21 % and dihydrocarole acetate with 16.19 %. The total essential oil content of peppermint was measured as 1.1 %. Results showed that body weight gain and feed conversion ratio decreased significantly under the ascites induction (P<0.05). The use of antioxidant compounds of vitamin C and vitamin E, as well as peppermint powder at the level of one percent, led to their improvement (P<0.05). Feed intake was not affected by experimental treatments. The weight of the spleen and bursa of Fabricius as a percentage of live weight was not affected by experimental treatments. The ratio of the right ventricle to the total ventricle (ascites index) showed a significant tendency (P = 0.08) and the ascites index was relatively improved as a result of using antioxidant vitamins and peppermint powder. Blood parameters were not affected by experimental treatments. Induction of ascites decreased cellular immune response (PHA) (P<0.05), and antioxidant treatments, especially vitamin C, improved it. Humoral immune response was not affected by experimental treatments. The role of plant compounds as natural growth stimulants in broiler feed has been proven, although their growth stimulation mechanisms are still unclear. Medicinal plants have active aromatic compounds and they have beneficial effects on gastrointestinal health and bird performance. The effect of antioxidants on reducing the incidence of ascites is due to the elimination of free radicals, reduced blood density, and reduced resistance to pulmonary blood flow. Many of the active substances in medicinal plants prevent lipid peroxidation and improve bird performance by scavenging free radicals or by activating antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. The effectiveness of plant materials used in feeding broilers depends on factors such as the composition and level of plant material added to the diet, bird genetics, diet composition, and farm management.

‌ In general, the results of this study showed that the use of antioxidant compounds, especially vitamin C has a more effective role in improving performance, and the level of one percent peppermint powder in the diet can be used as an effective antioxidant compound in ascites syndrome.

 Logistical activity is an essential part of military activity. Amado Joint Functional Strategy Targeted support represents a comprehensive and integrated approach to transforming Amado Armed Forces support capabilities and dramatically changing the quality of logistics and support. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to design a model for the formation of readiness and purposeful support in the joint force

The research method is mixed. In the qualitative part, the data method was used and in the quantitative part, equation modeling was used. Data were collected using interview tools with the participation of 15 ready-made support experts who had served in floating training units. Quantitative information was collected through the distribution of researcher-made questionnaires whose validity and reliability were confirmed.

Based on the analysis of the interviews, 252 initial codes were identified, which were classified into 47 concepts and 20 main categories. Based on the systematic approach in the data theory of the foundation, the identified codes were divided into 6 categories including causal, contextual, intervening factors, strategies and consequences.

The mentioned model helps to change the traditional system, based on the knowledge of the participatory situation, has a complete knowledge of the process of joint operations in each place, and based on it, quickly meets the needs of units and in terms of predictive actions, Overtake operational units.

Environmental pollution with heavy metals and consequently their entry into food chains leads to irreparable damage to human health. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of heavy metals including copper, zinc, lead and cadmium in blood and milk of grazing livestock around Zinc industry in Zanjan province (VSIPZ).

A total of 10 samples of grazing blood and milk were taken in each of the four geographical directions of the desired location. Also, in order to compare the current situation in the study area with the non-polluted areas, the control area (Qarah Poshtlu area of Zanjan) was considered. Dry ash method was used to digest organic matter.

The results showed that the concentration of copper in the blood of cows and sheeps and the concentration of lead in the blood of cows in the west of VSIPZ was higher than the control group (p <0.05). There was no significant difference between the study areas and the control in terms of zinc and cadmium concentration in blood samples. Copper concentrations in cows and sheeps milk were lower than the control group in the southern and eastern regions of the VSIPZ, respectively (p <0.05). Zinc and lead concentrations in sheeps’ milk were higher than the control in the south and west of the VSIPZ, respectively (p <0.05).

In general, the results implied that the accumulation of lead in sheeps’ milk in the west of VSIPZ is more than maximum allowable concentration and can endanger the health of consumers.

More than 70 percent of the Earth is covered by water, and water bodies are the main features in the globe. Hence, studies of water depth and bathymetry are of great importance. Hydrography is the most accurate method in bathymetry science to measure the seafloor surface and water depth for defense and security, development, and environmental purposes. Mainly, maritime transportation and safety rely on spatial information databases and accurate hydrography of the seafloor in ports and coastal areas as well as periodic sedimentation monitoring in ports and approaches channels. Regular sedimentation monitoring allows for sedimentation distribution mapping, precise maintenance dredging, and safe navigation in coastal zones. To determine spatial and temporal trends of sedimentation, periodic hydrography of coastal areas is in demand. Therefore, in the present study, sedimentation rates were estimated based on precise hydrographic datasets in the port basin and approaching channel of Amirabad port (one of the most important Iranian ports in the Caspian Sea) in the period 2018-2021. Using the Ceeducer Pro (a 200 kHz hydrographic survey system) in 10 separate hydrographic surveys (with 2 to 6 months intervals), the three dimensional (3D) datasets were acquired with accuracies of higher than 0.5 m. After data processing (based on different dates), the digital surface models of the seafloor were produced for every hydrographic surveying. Then, the sedimentation volumes were calculated and compared in pairs. To estimate the final volume of the sedimentation by considering the dredging operations in the study area, the amount of sedimentation transferred by the dredging processes was also calculated and added to the final volume of the sedimentation. The outcomes confirmed the average rates of annual and monthly sedimentation (m3 / m2) in the channel by 0.122m and 0.010m and in the basin by 0.160m and 0.013m, respectively. Generally, a homogeneous distribution in sedimentation was observed in the whole region. However, a pattern of the highest volume of sedimentation occurred in the entrance of the channel (in the north and northeast direction), in the south of the main basin, and the western and eastern parts of the basin. Moreover, the highest rates of sedimentation were predominantly observed in the warmer seasons in Amirabad port. According to the finding of this research, the maintenance dredging system was performed at a satisfying level, resulting in successful removal of sediment from the seabed in the study area. Besides, undertaking a maintenance dredging system at longer intervals (i.e., more than four months) might threaten the navigation safety of ships in the region. The results of this research will help private and government sectors for more accurate planning and optimal dredging of the region in the future. In addition, these datasets are reliable and accurate reference and source for the validation and evaluation of other common empirical and semi-empirical methods in estimating sedimentation rates in Amirabad port.

The waves affect the vertical movements of the vessels, thereby endangering the safety of their movement in coastal waters. This study has been conducted to accurate wave prediction in the shipping channel of Bushehr port in order to ensure safe and efficient maritime transportation of this region. First, the wave simulation was performed using PMODynamicsI software and using GFS predictable wind field. By applying the optimal settings in the model and comparing the model results with the wave measured values at the shipping channel location, the accuracy of the verification results was equal to 70%. The results showed that the use of large-scale and global wind caused a decrease in modeled wave height and lack of proper accuracy in wave direction simulation during the occurrence of storms with a sudden change of direction, which due to the importance of maritime safety discussion, accurately prediction of the wave by using predictable local wind has been considered. This has been done through artificial neural network technique and design of different scenarios, which has generated wind with local precision by training the GFS global wind field through meteorological wind data. This wind has been used in Bushehr wave model, which has led to a 20% and 15% increase in accuracy for the direction and height of the modeled wave, and a 10% decrease in the root mean square error.

In this research the effect of Bioplus B2 probiotic and galactooligosaccharide prebiotic (GOS) on performance, egg quality, and some bloodparameters of commercial laying hens were investigated in a sample of 216 hy-line laying hens (w36) with the same average weight aging 50to 62 weeks for a period of 12 weeks in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments, 6 replications and 6 hens per each replication inthe cage system. Experimental treatments included 1) without additives (as control), 2) diets containing 0.1% Bioplus B2 probiotic, 3) to 6)diets; containing, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 and 0.20 % of galactooligosaccharides prebiotic, respectively. The results indicated that both egg weightand mass was increased significantly (P<0.05) in the Bioplus B2 probiotic treatment. Egg production percentage, feed intake and feedconversion ratio were not significantly influenced by treatments. Using galactooligosaccharide at the levels of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 percentimproved dry eggshell weight significantly while the levels of 0.05, 0.15 and 0.2 percent increased eggshell weight per unit area compared tothe control (P<0.05). Total protein and albumin of serum increased in the Bioplus B2 treatment (P<0.05). Using Bioplus B2 probiotic and0.15% galactooligosaccharide significantly decreased blood cholesterol level (P<0.05). In general, the results showed that the using ofprebiotic galactooligosaccharide at the level of 0.15 % increases the weight of eggshell per unit area, decreases the blood serum cholesterol,and improves some performance traits compared to control group, therefore it can be used instead of probiotic Bioplus B2.

In this research the effect of using domestic (Multibehcil) and imported (Bioplus B2) probiotic supplements and Avilamycin antibiotics wereinvestigated on performance, parameters of blood lipid and small intestine morphology by a sample of 360 male Ross-308 broilers aging 11 to 42days-old in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments, 4 replications and 15 chickens per each replicate. Experimental treatments included 1)without additive (control), 2) diets containing 0.1% of commercial bioplus B2 probiotic, 3) diets containing 0.01% of avilamycin antibiotic andtreatments 4) to 6) diets containing 0.05%, 1% and 0.15% of Multibehcil, respectively. The results showed that body weight and feed conversion ratiowas improved by using bioplus B2 probiotic and antibiotic (P < 0.05). Body weight and feed conversion ratio in birds receiving 0.1% and 0.15% ofMultibehcil were not significantly different from birds receiving bioplus probiotic. Feed intake was not affected by the experimental treatments.Humoral immune response and intestinal morphological parameters in birds receiving 0.15% of Multibehcil was not significantly different from thecontrol group and it was statistically equal to the groups receiving bioplus probiotics and antibiotics. The LDL level of blood showed a significantdecrease in Bioplus B2, antibiotic and 0.15% of Multibehcil treatments (P < 0.05). In general, the results indicated that using of Multibehcil at thelevel of 0.15 percent can be a suitable alternative for both Bioplus B2 and Avilamycin during grower and finisher period in broilers.

To maintain the health of consumers and achieve food safety, the control of maximum allowed heavy metals in food should be considered. This study aimed to investigate the concentration of heavy metals of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) in livestock tissues in the vicinity of Zinc Specialized Industrial Park.

Ten samples were collected from each sheep tissue (including meat, liver, kidney, and bone) in each of the four geographical directions. To compare the current situation, samples from a control area (Qarah Poshtlu area of Zanjan) were also considered. A dry ash method was used to digest organic matter.

Based on the results, the concentration of Cu was significantly high in the muscle and liver of the control group (P <0.05). The concentration of Zn was not affected by the study areas. The accumulation of Pb in the liver and bone and Cd in the muscle and liver of animals was significantly high in the western part of the study area (P <0.05). The levels of Cu in the kidney and bone tissues, Pb in the muscle and kidney tissues, and Cd in the kidney and bone tissues were not affected. The accumulation of Cu was inversely related to Pb and Cd.

In general, the results showed that despite heavy metal accumulation in the west of the study area, the concentrations of these metals in the tissues of sheep around it were within the allowable range and they were not dangerous to consumers.

Kyarr Tropical Cyclone was formed on October 2019 in the Arabian Sea and affected Makran coastlines in Oman Sea. Some small rock armored breakwaters were damaged consequently though they were designed to withstand similar cyclones. The aim of the present study is to numerically simulate Kyarr cyclone and investigate the characteristics of the induced waves on Makran coastlines. The design assumptions are then compared to the simulation results. 

 In this simulation, DHI-MIKE software has been used and the Persian Gulf, Oman Sea and some parts of the Arabian Sea up to the five-degree north line are modeled. The two-dimensional wind and pressure field are reproduced to simulate storm conditions based on parametric models.

According to the simulation results, waves with characteristic heights of up to 3 meters and peak periods of up to 16 seconds are formed near ports in shallow areas of Makran coastlines, which led to damage to some of small rock armored breakwaters. 

Kyarr cyclone simulation results show that the induced waves near ports in shallow areas of Makran coastlines had significant heights consistent with the assumptions used in the design of coastal breakwaters but in terms of wave length, longer periods were observed which led to increased run-up, overtopping and consequent damage to the rock armored structures.

Increased competition regarding the employment of students, financial sources, and quality employees has resulted in increased attention to third-generation universities in order to create a set of features and achieving a distinctive brand. Therefore, this study intends to design brand acceptance pattern of entrepreneur university in higher education system.

The mixed method has been used in this research. In the qualitative part, the grounded theory method was used, and in the quantitative part, structural equation modeling was used. Qualitative instrument included interviews with 18 university experts, but the researcher-made questionnaire was used as the quantitative data collection instrument.

Data analysis revealed that 474 initial codes were identified. Then, they were divided into 75 concepts and 26 major categories. Based on the systematic approach by grounded theory method, the identified codes were categorized into six components of casual conditions, basic conditions, intervening factors, strategies, and consequences.

The above-mentioned model leads to the employment of the most quality elements in the competitive market through changing the educational system and creating a positive image. The main consequences of these measures include an advanced military industry, achievement of scientific authority in the Islamic world, and increase in public welfare within the society.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of addition of a nitroglycerin (NG) slow release drug on performance, blood and hormonal parameters of broiler chicks under ascites induction conditions. A total of 500 broiler chicks at 7 days of age were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, 5 replicates and 20 chicks per each replication. The experimental treatments included: 1) positive control group (without induction of ascites and without addition of NG); 2) negative control group (induction of ascites without adding NG, treatments 3, 4 and 5, including induction of ascites with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg NG in diet, respectively. In order to induce cold stress, the temperature was fixed at 15oC from 15 until 42 day of age. The results showed that the feed intake and body weight were not affected by experimental treatments in the growth and finisher period, but the use of nitroglycerin (20 mg / kg) resulted in a significant improvement in the feed conversion ratio (FCR) during the finisher and the whole period. Efficiency of energy and protein consumption as well as production index significantly improved with consumption of 20 mg NG compared to negative control group, which was comparable to that of control group. The concentration of blood glucose was significantly increased as a result of stress. The levels of T3 and T3 / T4 ratios increased by stress and decreased by using NG.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of addition of a nitroglycerin (NG) slow release drug on prevention of ascites syndrome in broiler chickens. A total of 500 broiler chicks at 7 days of age were used in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, 5 replicates and 20 chicks per each replication. The experimental treatments included: 1) positive control group (without induction of ascites and without addition of NG); 2) negative control group (induction of ascites without adding NG, treatments 3, 4 and 5, including induction of ascites with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg NG in diet, respectively. In order to induce cold stress, the temperature was fixed at 15oC from 15 until 42 day of age. The humeral and cellular immune responses as well as blood serum enzyme concentrations were evaluated. The results showed that cold stress significantly reduced the relative weights of spleen and thymus (p < 0.05) but had no significant effect on relative weight of bursa of Fabricius. The utilization of NG significantly increased the relative weights of Spleen and thymus (p < 0.05). The immunoglobulin M response and cutaneous basophilic sensitivity decreased as a result of cold stress, and significantly increased by using NG (p < 0.05). The concentration of AST and LDH enzymes increased as a result of cold stress and the utilization of 20 mg/kg of NG in the diet significantly decreased them (p < 0.05). The lipid peroxidation index improved near meaningfully as a result of using NG (P= 0.06)

Perceived value in higher education means anticipating student satisfaction with the usefulness of the services received and the brand, as an important communication tool in the customer relationship management suite that acts as an aggressive marketing tactic to gain new customers. The aim of this article was to investigate the effect of perceptual values ​​of university candidates on brand acceptance of entrepreneurial university. The data collection tools, for perceptual values ​​is a standard questionnaire (Isaac Kwasi, 2015) with 36 questions and for branding is the questionnaire by Davidi (2015) with 17 questions. The population under investigation was the volunteers of Imam Khomeni Naval Academy in 1397. 384 people were selected due to the infinity of the statistical population through convenience non random sampling method. Therefore, it can be said that the indicators used are significantly consistent with the research infrastructure and all indicators have been selected correctly.

Lamb fatteners receive less benefit due to unawareness regarding the suitable methods of fattenering. As it is conventional in broiler breeding, the diet of pre-starter contains high levels of protein and energy, which is specified to freshly hatched chicks and it decreases the number of days between hatching and slaughter day every year. Therefore, the same method can be tested in newborn lambs, meaning that the lamb receives the whole mother's milk and the initial diet, which is referred to creep feeds. The creep feed contains at least 15 percent crude protein and breeding lambs immediately after birth, with receiving a diet either rich in metabolizable protein or low metabolizable protein with a lysine amino acid and a rumen-protected methionine. This may be substituted with the conventional method of feeding lamb via whole mother's milk, alfalfa and Rangeland forage and then, fed in an intensive system under Iranian conditions. The present research was designed and conducted to economically compare the conventional method with creep feeding method in Afshari lambs, and to investigate the possibility of shortening the time from birth to slaughter. Production of meat with high quality and quantity without increasing the number of livestock and gaining an appropriate profit in the short term is one of the main goals of the fattening industry. The cost of livestock feeds supply is about 65-70% of the costs of raising and maintaining. If these costs are reduced in a period of fattening, in addition to producing meat with a good quantity and quality, more income will be also earned by the livestock owner (Farzad 1996; Talebi and Edriss 1999; Mousavi et al. 2005, 2011). Improving human living standards, reducing physical activity and changing food habits have led to a reduction in tail fat consumption and a rise in demand for meat. Also, if low-fat and low-fat sheep are produced, improving the nutritional efficiency will increase the economic efficiency of fattening units (Talebi 1998), so that the livestock fed in the lower ages will have better food efficiency (Hasanpour 1965; Mousavi et al. 2005, 2011). Choosing the appropriate fattening method will reduce the starting age, longevity and cost of rearing lamb and leaving livestock out of the pasture, which will lead to a rapid return of payments and improvement of investment in the sheep industry, reduced overgrazing and preventing soil erosion and flood damage. Due to the advancement of ruminant nutrition science in recent years, it is possible to start fattenning at a young age. Then, the use of creeping rations is associated with a change in the composition of the diet, especially metabolizable protein; as a result, growth, daily weight gain, and feed efficiency are increased and carcass compositions may have more meat. The goal of this study was to select an appropriate Fattening system that would provide greater economic returns through a higher percentage of meat, less feed, and reduced lamb's longevity. Choosing the appropriate procedure of feedlot and deliver the lambs to slaughter weight in the possible shortest time reduces the cost of livestock and There was an additional livestock departure from the pasture. 51 male lambs of Afshari were used in an unbalanced completely randomized design with 4 treatments included: treatment 1: Milk + alfalfa + pasture (conventional control without fattening as semi-intensive farming or CONT-UF ), treatment 2: Milk + alfalfa + pasture then get a fattening diet ( conventional control with fattening as semi-intensive farming or CONT-F ), treatment 3: milk + creep feeding ( included high protein metabolism as intensive farming or HMP), and treatment 4: milk + creep feeding (including low protein metabolism with lysine and methionine rumen protected as intensive farming or LMP +LMRP). The effect of creep feeding on average daily gain of lambs was significant (p=0.0001), (Table 2) Which was consistent with the results of others (Karim et al. 2001; Moriel and Arthington 2013; Yiakoulaki et al. 2007; Lardy and Maddock 2007). The reason for the increase in daily weight gain at an early age is due to the higher growth rate of the animal early in life, which is justified by growth curves that are consistent with the goal of experimenting with early onset of slaughter and slaughter at an early age. The low daily gain was due to the non-fattening control treatment, but it was fattened in the control treatment because fattening started at 5 months of age and the daily gain was lower at high ages. Reduced protein intake and amino acids intake and no effect on body weight changes were observed in creep diets, whereas in Abdelrahman and Hunaiti (2007), Purchas et al (1998) and Yousefian et al (2013) studies, weight gain was observed but in the experiment, Heydari et al (2014) reduced yield. Dry matter intake among the treatments was statistically significant and the highest rate was found in the fattening control (p=0.0001), (Table 2) Which is consistent with the results of other researchers (Eilami 1995; Eilami 2005; Kianzad 1993). The amount of dry matter consumed depends on the body weight of the animal as the age of the animal increases and consequently body weight increases feed intake in this experiment as slaughter age varies so the amount of consumption depends on the life of the animal and in creep treatments due to nutrient availability. As well as increased feed efficiency at an early age, the amount of dry matter consumed was low, whereas this was not the case for the control treatments because the dry matter consumed before the beginning of the feed was used to maintain low weight gain. FCR in the fattening and non-fattening controls increased significantly and recorded the highest amount in the fattened control (p=0.0001), (Table 2) This is in agreement with the results of other researchers (Eilami 1995; Eilami 2005; Kianzad 1993). The conversion factor is a function of the amount of feed consumed to increase body weight, which is an increase in the feed conversion ratio with increasing age of the animal due to the type of animal body stored so that as the age of the animal increases, the amount of fat stored in the protein increases and the cost of increasing each gram of fat tissue increases. Compared to the cost of increasing every gram of muscle tissue, this increases the conversion factor. Carcass effiency was reduced significantly in the non-fattening control (p=0.0001), (Table 3) While in the creep treatments, even at a young age, carcass yield had a higher number, indicating greater growth of organs, but no significant difference was observed between creep and fattening treatments. The greatest benefit was observed in LMP + LMRP treatment and loss was observed in CONT-F treatment (P = 0.0001), (Table 4) Since the fattened control treatment had a life span of 260 days and the other treatments reached the kill weight in the shortest time. Baesd on the economic calculations, LMP+LMRP treatment was determined as a better method for finishing lambs.

Considering the wide use of Bank's Civil Participation Contract in the relations between customers and banks, the Markazi bank set the contract form for improving the quality of the contract in 2013. However, there are doubts about the terms of this contract. In this regard, in this study, two of the articles of the contract on civil partnership have been investigated. . Finally, it became clear that the suspicion of usury (Riba) applied in the term of guaranteeing profit. . In the case of the term to guarantee profit, it should be noted that this condition should be removed from the text of the contract. Accordingly, bank with number of preventive and assertive methods such as ensuring the profitability of the participation plan in different circumstances, obtaining adequate and liquid guarantee, credit and honorability of the client (partner) and the receipt of it according to his account records in different banks can minimize the loss of the participation plan and release the customer from bad account. Also, regarding the terms and conditions contained in the text of the contract, they can be adjusted to the discretion of the bank and the client and, as far as possible, the principle of justice and fairness are observed. The methodology of this research was in the form of a library and, in some cases, an interview with experts.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of employees’ perception of knowledge leadership on knowledge sharing with the interface role of social capital dimensions. Achieving the goals of the organization depends on the ability of employees to perform their assigned tasks and adapt to the environment. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of research method, survey-correlation. The statistical population of the present research includes employees of Imam Khomeini Naval Academy. Based on community size, a sample of 170 people was selected through stratified random sampling through Cochran's formula. The data collection instument was a 30-question questionnaire with a Likert scale of 5 options from "completely disagree" to "fully agree". The face validity was confirmed by using the faculty member's opinion and the construct validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by using factor analysis and also the reliability of the questionnaire variables using was confirmed by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and Smart PLS software. After collecting data, the research hypotheses were tested based on structural equations. The results showed that the structural equations used in the research community have a strong theoretical model for predicting knowledge sharing through knowledge leadership and dimensions of social capital (social interactions, trust, creating a shared vision). The positive and significant impact of knowledge leadership on the sharing of knowledge was also confirmed by social capital dimensions.

In order to investigate the effect of fresh whole garlic bulb (FGBP) on production index, immune system and carcass characteristics of Arian broiler strain, 592 male one day old chicks were studied during 42 days in two independent experiments. The first experiment was conducted under normal temperature condition (NTC) with 4 treatments, 4 replicates and 21 birds per replicate and second experiment was conducted under cold temperature condition (CTC) with 4 treatments, 4 replicates and 16 birds per replicate basis balanced completely randomized design. The treatments were 1- basal diet without FGBP (control group), 2, 3 and 4 basal diet containing 0.5, 1 and 1.5 percent FGBP, respectively under both NTC and CTC. The highest level of body weight gain and production index were related to treatment of basal diet with 0.5 percent FGBP treatment under both NTC and CTC (P

The purpose of this study is to identify and rank the effective factors on the job motivation of maritime personnel in long-term sailings. In fact, researchers are looking for answers to these questions, what are the factors influencing the job motivation of battle flotillas employees in long-term sailings? What is the ranking of these factors? The statistical population of this research is all employees and commanders of floating units, dealing with operational strategic naval forces, and the sample of the study was using statistical methods of 78 people and the sampling method was simple stratified random sampling. In order to identify the factors affecting job motivation, a five-point Likert questionnaire was prepared from past theories and researches, using a Delphi method, and distributed among the statistical sample and the AHP technique was used for ranking. The findings of the research show that the main factors affecting the job motivation of mariners are as follows: 1. Work environment conditions; 2. Salary rates; 3. Specific job needs; 4. Provision of welfare facilities; Organizational factors, 6. Leadership style, are seven factors of growth and progress, and then the ranking of the 20 effective variables affecting the job motivation of the mariners in the long-term sailings was carried out and finally, in order to create or increase the motivation of the sailors, some suggestions were offered for each effective variable,