محمدعلی خوش طینت

Today, one of the important issues of developing societies, including Iran, is the category of generational relations. This research compared the attitudes and social values of the fourth generation with the first generation of the Islamic Revolution of Iran (case study: university students of Tehran province). Therefore, the question is what are the differences and similarities between the attitudes and values of the fourth generation of the Islamic Revolution and the first generation from a social point of view.The aim of this research is to compare the social attitudes of the fourth generation with the first generation of the Islamic Revolution (statistical sample: university students of Tehran province). The type of applied research and its method is a survey using documentary sources and a questionnaire. Based on this, two indicators in the social field were proposed as research hypotheses. In the social field, two indicators "mass communication tools and virtual space" and "social vitality" were determined and selected.The results and findings of the research show that the social index of access to social media and virtual space of the fourth generation of the Islamic Revolution is different from the first generation, and the social happiness index of the fourth generation is similar to the first generation.

Oil revenues in the form of rentier economy have been one of the main factors of political stability in Saudi Arabia. The decline in oil revenues in Saudi Arabia in the coming decades and the possibility of an economic crisis in this country has been one of the main factors behind the decision of the Saudi leaders to compile and implement the Vision 2030 during the reign of King Salman. Considering the centrality of economic goals and programs in the 2030 vision document, the main objective of this research is to evaluate the effects and consequences of the new Saudi economic trends on political stability. The main question is how the new economic trends and developments of Saudi Arabia in the era of King Salman affect the political stability in this country? In this regard, the operational perspective of David Saunders has been adopted as the conceptual framework of the research. Also, the new economic condition of Saudi Arabia has been analyzed with emphasis on five components, which are: economic growth and prosperity; unemployment rate; Housing situation; Inflation rate and consumer spending index and; the situation of poverty and inequality. The main finding of this study is that the new policies and programs of the Saudi government in the light of 2030 vision have caused a relative progress in economic conditions and leads to Maintaining political stability in the country. However, the social and political changes caused by the development of the non-oil economy construct grounds and conditions that will lead to new instabilities.

The great Prophet of Islam (pbuh) did not only rely on divine support and supernatural aid in wars, but she also played an important and effective role in the victories of Islam by inventing new defense methods. By drawing the outlines of the goals and tactics in the battles of the front of Islam, he explained the new military-defense system that not only saved the newly established government of Islam and Muslims from the attacks of polytheists, but also became a model for future generations in Muslim and even non-Muslim societies. became. The main purpose of the research is to investigate the defense-military management and command of the Holy Prophet (PBUH) in the battles of Sadr Islam.The research method is analytical-historical and it explains the military-defense management of the Prophet of Islam (PBUH) by using library sources and examining the available documents. The results and findings of the research show that preserving, spreading and elevating Islam, ensuring the security of the nascent government, supporting the oppressed and confronting the arrogant, confronting the aggression and encroachment of the polytheists and their seditions were among the most important principles and goals of their defense. In parallel, the establishment of strengthening and equipping the deterrent force, military maneuvers, council and consultation, camouflage and concealment, obtaining information and intelligence, keeping military secrets, psychological warfare, concentration of forces and mobile fortress system, preemptive operations and quick response of some military methods. He has been in the battles of Sadr Islam.