محمود مهدی پور

Problem statement: 

Tabriz has received much attention as one of the important cities of Iran in various periods of history, especially in the last few centuries. During the Qajar era, many new achievements of the new world were experienced in this city of Iran for the first time. As a pioneer city in the formation of modernity in Iran, the architecture of Tabriz underwent changes during this period and influenced the traditional architecture of Iran. The main question of the research is how the impact of modernity on the architectural forms of Tabriz houses was manifested and what changes were made in the architecture of this era.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of modernization in Iran on the architecture of the Qajar period in Tabriz.

This research employs a qualitative approach, which seeks to answer the research question by using the interpretive-historical research method for historical issues and the descriptive-analytical research method for architectural issues. Data were collected through library research.

The results of the study indicate that the acquaintance of the people of Tabriz with the manifestations of modernity by traveling to Europe led to the tendency of this city to move toward Westernization and the usage of Western elements in architecture such as pair columns in the facade, Corinthian order columns, two-way stairs at the entrance, the use of semicircular arches, the use of metal railing for stairs, the use of curved lines, and extraversion in some buildings.

Huzaifah-bin-Yaman (r.a) was from the very first believers who embraced Islam in Madinah. He had concluded the contract of brotherhood with Ammar Yasir (r.a) while he is called as the confident of the holy Prophet (PBUHH) in the history of Islam, the one who was aware of the hearts of hypocrites and the prevising news of future calamities against the Islamic government.
Huzaifah (r.a) was one of the brave soldiers of Islam who had been relied upon for the protection of the holy Prophet (PBUHH) for a long time. He was one of those who have offered prayer on Hazrat Fatima (s.a) and gave the proposal of unification of holy Quran to Uthman. He, who was the one of firm criticizers of Uthman’s politics, was also considered among the closest companions of the Commander of Faithful (s.a).
Huzaifah (r.a) was appointed as the governor of Madain in the era of Ummar-bin-Khattab while Uthman and Ali (a.s) also retained him on his post. He was a brave fighter, aware politician, self-made sagacious and an honest narrator of traditions. He passed away in the beginning of the Caliphate of the Commander of Faithful (a.s) in Madain and was buried in same city. However centuries later, in the year of 1931 A.D, he was shifted near the tomb of Salman Farsi (r.a) while his body seemed still intact and fresh.
This writing also provides some research sources regarding him, to the reader while introducing this great companion of the holy Prophet (PBUHH) and the Commander of Faithful (a.s).