مختار ملاکی

Foodstuffs that derived from animal products could transfer microbial pathogens and antibiotic drug residuesin, consequently it caused to disrupting in immune and gastrointestinal system and microbial resistance in the human body. This study was to investigate the effect of different levels of probiotic and lactoferrin (bLF) on the health status and infection rate of Escherichia coli in suckling Ghezel lambs. Thirty six suckling male lambs in a completely randomized design employing a 2×3 factorial arrangement were assigned to six exprimental groups. Experimental treatments were includes of two levels of probiotic (0 and 1 g/day/head) and three levels of bLF (0, 0.25 and 0.50 g/day/head) that used individually for 56 days of experiment. The results showed that despite no significant difference between fecal score and body temperature between the experimental groups, the simultaneous use of probiotics and bLF reduced days medicated in the experimental groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, interaction between different levels of probiotic and bLF reduced the excretion of Escherichia coli in the feces (p < 0.05). Bovine lactoferrin led to a linear increase in plasma iron concentration compared to the control group, therewith the highest level of bLF having the highest increase in iron concentration (p < 0.05). According to results of present experiment, it seems that bLF plus probiotic can have synergisc effect on performance and heath status of Ghezel lamb breed in preweaning phase.

In order to study the impact of different levels of dietary metabolizable energy and crude protein on performance and nitrogen and energy metabolism of Japanese quail during growth period, 360 day-old Japanese quails were used in a 3×3 factorial experiment with three levels of metabolizable energy (2750, 2850 and 2950 Kcal/kg) and three levels of crude protein (24, 26 and 28 percent) in a completely randomized design with four replicates and 10 birds in each replicate. The feed intake and body weight gain were measured weekly and feed conversion ratio was calculated. The nitrogen intake, excretion and retention as gram per bird per day, percent of nitrogen intake and gram nitrogen per kilocalorie per metabolizable energy consumed and dietary apparent metabolizable energy content were measured during 26 to 28 days of age period. The results of this study showed that birds fed diet containing 2850 kcal/kg metabolizable energy and 26 percent crude protein had significantly (P

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of fennel seeds on laying performance and some physical and quality properties of eggs in Japanese quails. One hundred and twelve 42-day old Japanese quails (Coturnix Coturnix japonica) were randomly assigned into 4 treatments with 4 replicates and 7 birds per each replication. A corn-soybean basal diet was supplemented with four levels of fennel seeds (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 %) to reach the dietary treatments. Eggs were collected daily, and the eggs laid during the last 2 d of every week were weighed. The eggs laid during the last 3 d of week 9 were collected and were used for physical and quality properties assays. Egg weight, egg production percentage, egg mass and feed conversion ratio were significantly affected by the levels of fennel seed (P<0.05). The egg weight, egg production percentage, egg mass and feed conversion ratio in the birds fed diet with the highest level of fennel seeds (1.2 %) were more than those of the control group. Also length, width, surface, volume, geometric mean diameter, Haugh unit (HU) and eggshell thickness significantly increased by increasing the dietary levels of the fennel seeds (P<0.05). The results of this experiment showed that using 1.2 percent of dietary fennel can positively affect laying performance and egg quality in Japanese quails.

This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of different zinc (Zn) sources on performance، blood mineral and cell counts of Zandi lambs. 18 male lambs at weaning were supplemented with two different sources of zinc، 25 ppm ZnSO4 and 25 ppm zinc-peptide added to the basal diet as control. Live body weight، weight gain and feed efficiency improved with Zn-peptide supplementation (P 0. 05). Sera Zn concentration was higher and copper and iron concentration was lower in zinc supplemented groups (P<0. 05). Supplementation of zinc had no effect on blood cell counts except for white blood cells that decreased with zinc peptide supplementation (P<0. 05). It was concluded that adding 25 ppm zinc peptide to fattening lamb diet improved performance and cause to higher level of blood zinc.