فهرست مطالب مرضیه ابوالفتحی

Using herbal extracts as nutritional additives in aquaculture industry increases the resistance of fish to infectious agents while also providing a substitute for traditional antibiotics, enhancing the immune system, and promoting the growth of fish. The present experiments were designed to investigate the effects of a diet containing hydroalcoholic extract of savory (Satureja hortensis) on the growth performance, hematological parameters, and histopathology of the intestine in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry. For this purpose, 240 rainbow trout fry with an average weight of 2.02 ± 0.02 grs were randomly distributed into 4 experimental groups with three replicates and fed diets containing concentrations of 0 (control), 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% hydroalcoholic extract of savory for 6 weeks. The results showed that growth performance indices including final weight, body weight gain, and specific growth rate significantly increased in the group fed with a diet containing 1% extract compared to the control group. Additionally, the number of white and red blood cells, and hematocrit levels increased in the groups fed with savory extract (P<0.05). The use of hydroalcoholic extract of savory in the diet of rainbow trout fry had no negative effect on the distal intestine tissue of the fish in all groups. Overall, the results indicated that feeding with 1% hydroalcoholic extract of savory in the diet could improve the health and better growth of rainbow trout fry.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fish size and seasonality on the epidermis structure and protein profile of the skin mucus of Rainbow trout. Skin mucus samples were collected over three consecutive season periods including late winter, mid spring and early autumn. In each season, sampling was performed separately from three different weight groups including 2-20 gr fish (W1), 100-200 gr fish (W2) and 400-600 gr fish (W3). The results of histological analysis showed that goblet cell density and epidermal thickness increased with increasing temperature from winter to autumn in all weight groups. In juvenile (W1 fish), the size of goblet cells was not affected by the season, while in larger fishes (W2 and W3), the size decreased with increasing temperature in the autumn. There was a positive and significant relationship between fish size and density of goblet cells. Biochemical analysis of skin mucus showed that protein concentration increased simultaneously with an increase in goblet cell density. The protein profiles of rainbow trout mucus showed seasonal variations in all three weight groups. In autumn, the small proteins with molecular weights less than 35 kDa were more prominent, while these proteins were not observed in the winter. There were no significant differences in the mucus protein profile among different weight groups

The present study was conducted to evaluate some of the mucosal and serum indices of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) that exposed to salinity stress. In this regard one hundred and eighty fish (mean weight 50 ± 0.62 gr) were obtained from, after two weeks of adaptation randomly stocked in nine tank assigned to three treatments with three replicates including fresh water, Caspian Sea water (14ppt) and 50% sea water and 50% fresh water (7ppt). For measurement of immune factors after 3, 6 and 9 days of exposure, nine fish were taken from each treatment and anesthesia with clove powder. Serum and mucus were collected from different treatment and stored at -20 °C until use. The results showed different salinity had a significant effect on total protein, alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme of serum and mucosal (p < 0.05). But there wasn’t significant effect on protein content of mucus among treatments. According to the overall conclusion of the present study, results showed that mucusal lysozyme decreased with increase of water salinity in all measuring periods, but the amount of mucosal alkaline phosphatase in initial days decrease in 7 ppt salinity and in final days increase in 14 ppt salinity treatment, but serum alkaline phosphatase in first days of exposure to salinity decreased and then increase during experiment period. Total protein of mucus didn’t statistically affect during experiment. Serum total protein in initial days of exposure, increase and decrease during experiment. increased in the early and final days of sea water treatment. There was no significant difference among protein content of mucus in all treatment. The lysozyme and total protein parameters of the blood serum increase in the early days of exposure to salinity stress, but during the exposure total protein content of the serum reduced. The amount of alkaline phosphatase decrease in the early days of exposure to salinity stress, but increases with salt in time.