مریم بلندی

Today, water resource management, especially groundwater management, is the basis for sustainable development. Due to climatic conditions, our country does not have abundant water resources, and if water is used without considering its management aspect, it can create numerous problems, endangering the country's water reservoirs, especially its groundwater resources, with the risk of drying up. This article has been written with the aim of analyzing the current situation of water resource management and its relationship with the economic sustainability of rural areas. The research is practical in terms of its objective and descriptive-analytical in terms of its method. The statistical population consisted of 28 villages in the Mahvelat district, of which 25% (8 villages) were selected as the sample. The research tool was a questionnaire, which was validated using the Delphi technique, and its reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and confirmed. The spatial distribution of the questionnaire was conducted with 323 samples based on the Cochran formula at the village level of the selected villages. The findings of the One-Sample t-test showed that there is a relationship between the calculated value of water resource management (2.68) and economic sustainable development (3.0324). The results of measuring the correlation between the two components of water resource management and economic sustainable development based on the Pearson, Spearman, and Tau-Kendall methods show that there is a direct correlation between water resource management and the economic sustainability index. Since the level of significance in all three tests is less than 0.05, the tests are significant and reliable. Therefore, this article shows that water resource management leads to the sustainable economic development of rural areas and should be given special attention. Consequently, this research can be used as a basis for developing policies and management programs in the area of water resources and sustainable economic development of rural areas.

In relation to the background of the research, you can refer to the book "Artificial environment and the formation of the industrial working class", which examines the situation of Abadan workers between the two world wars, "Arayed, an approach to the history of Farudestan (examining the documents of Arayed of the National Assembly)" by Siavash Shohani and... pointed out.

The purpose of the research is to, in line with the research of others about industrial workers, labor unions and their role and influence in political and economic events, about the problems, demands and hidden awareness in the demands of oil industry workers, from the angle of petitions that are a place to express demands. It is a worker, an independent investigation should be done;

The method of the present research is library and documental in terms of its historical nature, and the necessary information has been collected through the review of relevant sources, documents and documents, with a historical and documentary approach. The limits and focal point of spatial, temporal and thematic research, Iran during the second Pahlavi period, from Shahrivar 1320 sh. until the coup d'etat of August 28, 1332 sh.

From the petitions of oil industry workers, it is clear that their expected welfare components include things such as basic promotion including employment, housing, insurance, salary increase and other welfare facilities.The amenities provided by Iran and England Oil Company were either not available to all groups of workers or were not paid equally.Despite suffering repression and losing many of their facilities, the workers did not give in to the oppression of their employers and reached agreements with the company that improved their conditions. They tried to achieve these demands by joining labor unions and strikes, and in cases such as the approval of the labor law in 1325 sh. They were successful in this field, but in the end they could not bring about a fundamental change in labor relations.The weakness of labor organizations, the central government's lack of support for workers, and the misuse of workers by parties were the most important factors in their all-round failure.

According to the survey of complaints, housing, wage increase, health and insurance were among the most important welfare indicators of oil industry workers. The workers were trying to get a part of their rights through various forms of protest, but due to the weakness of the labor organizations, the central government's lack of support for the workers, and the misuse of the workers by the parties, they could not bring about a fundamental change in the labor relations.It is worth mentioning that the study of Subalterns situation by examining documents and documents in all historical periods and especially in contemporary history is one of the original research cases that can be investigated by researchers and leads to the explanation of the policies of the government and the oil industry and the reactions of the workers. Therefore, with social and document-oriented historiography, it is possible to understand the degree of correspondence of historical data transmitted from political history with the narrative of documents.

In Islamic-Shi'i governments, every legal document must be based on Under the ijtihad of jurists and religious rulers and scribes of religious affairs. Hence, the value and validity of martyrdom, which has been emphasized by the jurisprudents as religious intercourse, has always been Fixed with the passage of time. “Affidavit” (Istish'had-nameh) are one of the types of legal documents that if To be examined scientifically and with the help of the knowledge and documentary methods, can be useful in understanding the life and social, economic, and legal interactions of previous human societies. Such documents have been written as one of the proofs of the evidence in order to insert the testimony of the witnesses, and have a certain literary language that is spelled out by vocabulary the legal juristic law. The present research is descriptive-analytic in its historical nature and does not have any investigative background. The data are also collected through a review of documents and resources. Since in the old tradition, “Affidavit” (Istish'had-nameh) is called “Mahzar”, in addition to its common name, after the expression of the different use of the term in the ancient texts, three history important Mahzar have been mentioned and the principles and methods of their writing, linguistic and their content have been examined and explained.

Documentology (forensic document examination) is analyzing historical recording of documents thought time as well as their different structures. Experts of documentology believe that historical documents must be explained and organized by means of the knowledge and the methods of documentology. Then analyzing structures of documents and application of all the historical documents are certainly regarded as true examples of documentology. A large number of documents and writings related to religious rules (Shari’a) from Qajar era are remained, including Istishhadnameh (religious affidavit) which are the result of the works of jurisprudential (fiqh related) and judiciary system of the time. Istishhadnameh, just like other documents related to religious rules, have special structures which can be figured out through a concise documentology. These documents have often a simpler structure, comparing to documents of religious rules; they also have a shorter text. Although they have a different documentation structure, comparing to other documents, an especial and fixed method and structure cannot be found in writing of these documents. The writers and scribers of these documents were not obligated to follow a certain method in writing and they wrote the documents just for the purpose of writing them. The present paper has applied a descriptive methodology and it collected the required data by means of analyzing sources, documents and evidences. Therefore, at first the criterions of identifying Istishhadnameh are explained and then they are followed by hypothetical examples in battles and collections of letters in order to bring more light on the subject. As a result literature of documentation and principles of writing Istishhadnameh are explained.