مریم بهاءلو

Continuous Medical Education (CME) is necessary to keep health-care staff up to date in providing health services. All countries have been carefully planned for more effective continuous medical education that reduces medical costs and errors, therefore, the participants’ views and opinions are important. Due to this, the present study surveyed viewpoints of general physicians and specialists of Yazd in 2011 about facilitators and barriers of participation in CME programs. A cross-sectional study carried out, and sampling method was simple. Subsequently, data was collected by a self-structured questionnaire, and its validity and reliability were confirmed too. Overall, 181 general physicians and specialists, who participated in CME programs, completed the questionnaire. In addition, mean age of participants was 43.82 years; 57% of them were general physicians and 43% were specialists. The main motivators of participation in programs were the venue of the programs (71.2%) and being in accord with the latest knowledge (58%). The most prevalent barriers to participation were having enough CME scores (65.7%) and the inappropriate date of programs (40.8%). Hence, attention to motivations and barriers of participation in programs seems to be effective in planning for CME and it would be important in the management of presentation of programs.

Continuing Medical Education (CME) is a key element in increasing the knowledge, skill, quality and effectiveness of health systems. Initially the CME programs were defined as face to face programs, but for many reasons distance learning by CME programs was also introduced. This study aimed to determine the viewpoints of faculty members of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences about distance learning by CME. In this cross-sectional study, 74 faculty members participating in CME programs in 2011, were selected by convenience sampling method. The data was collected through a researcher-made questionnaire which was complete by self-report then the data were analyzed by SPSS (v.18). 58.6% of subjects agreed with distance learning CME and preferred that over 40% of CME be performed as programs. Among these subjects, 53.7% of them expressed on-line CME as a first priority. the attitudes of faculty members toward distance learning programs were positive and according to these results, distance learning programs including on-line CME are suggested

In order to achieve acceptable quality in educations, the quality of learning should be assessed. opinion of alumni in assessment of the quality of education is important, This study aims to assess the quality of medical education in basic and clinical sciences according to the opinion of alumni of Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences during 2008-2012

This cross-sectional study conducted on alumni graduated from 2008-2012. Data was collected using a questionnaire which validity and reliability was confirmed. The questions were asked from 183 individuals were interviewed by telephone in 2012.

Mean satisfaction score of quality of education was 3.86/5 and 3.18/5 for basic and clinical sciences, respectively. The average satisfaction score for regular presence of faculty members in classes was 4.11/5 and 3.98/5 for basic and clinical sciences, respectively. The difference between the two groups regarding the satisfaction from quality of education was not diufferent (P=0.237). However, this difference was significant for satisfaction from regular presence in classes and time spent for education (P<0.001).

The condition of education in Yazd University of Medical Sciences was satisfactory from the alumni viewpoint and the satisfaction level was higher for basic sciences than clinical science education

Provide a review of occupational medicine history in world and Iran Many books، papers and sites on the occupational medicine history were reviewed. Occupational medicine have been shaped by the forces that shape work itself، social evolution، changing modes of production، shifting economic powers، and demographic changes in the workforce. Hippocrates emphasized the relation between environment and health، although he has less to say about the non-military work environment. The impact of work on health could be traced to the Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus، written approximately 1700 BC. The earliest occupational physicians served military forces، and Galen was physician to Roman gladiators. Finger and wrist guards worn by Bronze Age archers represent early Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Writers mention diseases and hazards of miners، and Pliny (1st century AD) mentions veils to cover the face. Paracelsus and Agricola were prominent، figures in the 15th century، with an emphasis on mining and health. Ramazzini''s (c1700) work was widely translated in ensuing decades and is now well-known to all. In Iran، Rhazes included occupation in his case studies (9th century). Many other men like Avicenna، Jorjani، and others conducted many works and wrote many books about occupational and environmental medicine. The emergence of a public health movement in the mid-1800s focused attention on the abominable conditions of many factories and on the living conditions، poor nutrition، high stress، poverty and ill health of the new factory working class، while paying scant attention to specific workplace hazards.

Electronic Continuous Medical Education (CME) is not common in Iran. Considering the convenience of virtual education and availability of essential infrastructure for virtual CME، it is important to understand opinions of medical practitioners about this method. This study aims to evaluate the opinions of physicians participating in CME programs of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical science about the method of presentation of programs including face to face and electronic (virtual) education. This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were collected by a self-structured questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questioner was confirmed by panel of experts. The questionnaire completed by 98 general practitioners. Mean age of participants was 41. 9 years، 62% of them were males. Fifty six participants (57. 1%) selected electronic education as the most favorite method of presentation of CME. Among traditional presentations، lectures (58. 1%) and practical workshops (38. 7%) were the most favoriteand among virtual (electronic) programs، self-education by CD and online programs were the most favorite. According to the findings، tendency to virtual (electronic) CME programs has increased among physicians. Further development and full establishment of this method can save time of participants and make a variety of programs more available.