فهرست مطالب مریم محمدی

 The theme or content is the main idea and essence of literary works that connects their constituent elements together. The upcoming research was written with this purpose to find out the ideas within the poems of children and adolescents in the nineties; For this purpose, two hundred volumes of books including one thousand nine hundred and thirteen poems of sixty poets were examined and it was determined that what themes and topics were used by poets within this period.

 In this research, based on library sources and analytical-descriptive method, the content of children"s and adolescent’s poetry in the nineties were investigated.

 After studying and examining, the intended poems were studied in categories with emotional, educational-moral, entertainment, religious, naturalism, political-social, and educational-scientific themes, and the theme and developments of each of the themes, were shown within a Ten years old path.

 The results of this research show that the emotional, entertaining and happy themes have the first and second ranks, respectively, and the educational-moral theme has the lowest frequency. This shows that the pure nature of children and teenagers needs pure feelings and comforting themes more than any other theme. The entertaining and happy topics that ranked second in this survey indicates that children’s age requires happiness and happy topics should play a role in their development. The placement of educational-moral themes in the last rank can be indicative of the fact that poets have realized that writing any kind of prescription for children and teenagers, treating them like adults and raising serious issues for them is less popular with children and adolescents. Also, the scale of frequency of these themes shows that poets of children and adolescent poems have tried to have a more accurate understanding about the psychological needs of their audience than before.

sociological analysis and evaluation of literary works, especially contemporary poetry, through obtaining the intellectual background and possible awareness and worldview of the poet, reveals the various intellectual structures of the society of which the artist is considered a member. Natural symbols, which are taken from the world around the poet, can reflect the worldview of the poet in a sociological reading. This research aims to achieve the dominant intellectual system in the thought of these poets by analyzing contemporary poetry and natural symbols in the poetry of Mahdi Akhwan Al-Talihi, Ahmad Shamlou and Forough Farrokhzad based on Lewis Goldman's sociological theory.

In its sociological perspective, the forward-looking essay has used the descriptive-analytical library method and has reread the text of the selected poems in the framework of the theory of sociological criticism with a focus on the works and writings of Lucien Goldman.

Lucien Goldman, a famous sociologist, relies on his theory of developmental structuralism to decode and analyze the society reflected in literary works and emphasizes that literary works create the society within itself with all its hidden and visible angles and dimensions. he does. The third brotherhood, Shamlou and Farrokhzad are all three poets whose sociological attention to various aspects and angles of life, problems, political and cultural atmosphere of the society can be followed in their poems.

The results of this research show that all three poets, especially in the second period of their poetry and from a year after the coup d'etat of August 28, 1332, reacted against the social categories of the era and as an activist, political activist and social critic, they were able to deal with contradictions, ruins, poverty. , express injustice, tyranny, etc. with symbolism with the help of natural elements in an effective way and present a clear picture of the second Pahlavi society.

Understanding an urban environment is a mental process carried out through the relationship between man and his surrounding space. Human receives sensory messages from the environment and creates an image of the environment in his mind. One of the effective factors in the formation of this image is individual or collective memories of the environment. Memorable spaces are spaces that people have already experienced and are familiar with. The more familiar the spaces in the environment, the easier it is to communicate with. Finding familiar spaces will make you feel safe and calm in the environment. The lack of memory in the city is one characteristic of the generic city. This research paper aims to examine the impact of specific events on the promotion of collective memory in a given space. This research paper utilizes a qualitative approach, focusing on the case study of 30Tir Street. In measuring the event and memory, the data has been collected through the documentary method (referring to the available documents and sources, including books related to the events of each of the religions of Islam, Zoroastrianism, and Christianity, as well as national and international calendars) and interviews. During the analysis phase, the findings from documentary studies and quantitative documents were examined using Colaizzi's 7-step method. The next step will involve a qualitative method and inferential strategy. The target groups in the interviews were people of different religions. In general, a total of 16 Iranian Muslim respondents, 14 Armenian Christian respondents, and 9 Zoroastrian Iranian respondents participated in the evaluation process and the interview. Due to the lower percentage of Zoroastrian residents compared to other groups, the interviewed people in this group have a smaller number. This was why the number of interviewees differed. Due to time and communication constraints, access to the Jewish residents in the area was not feasible, leading to their exclusion from the research identification and analysis process. Theoretical saturation, in the answers, has been effective in determining the sample size, and the sampling method was based on the snowball method for the interviewees and the random method for the residents. The duration of the interview was about 30 to 45 minutes. Based on the results, the events that led to the creation of positive internal states in people and also have a rich historical origin are more probable and acceptable. In this definition, the cultural and historical roots of the event are important and therefore, religious differences in this phrase are not the priority. Also, events are more popular when they create pleasant and positive feelings in people. Therefore, events such as Norouz for Muslim Iranians and Zoroastrians and Christmas for Christian Armenians, which cause internal positive feelings, are the priority. The second priority is the events that are popular among the two groups. Zoroastrian and Muslim Iranians both welcome events that have a national origin. This issue has a rich historical origin, perhaps from the rich cultural roots and common events of ancient Iran for these two groups, and therefore the majority have a good feeling towards this group. A higher level of interpersonal integration is a common feature between Christian Armenians and Muslim Iranians. Finally, the factors that make the events popular in only one of these groups are the third priority of the characteristics of future events. Paying attention to both the private and public aspects is important for Muslim Iranians, given the significance of family, cultural restrictions, and the scale of the event. The religious significance of the event is primarily important only to the Christian group. It is notable that in most cases of Christian events, there is a greater emphasis on the religious or cultural origin of the event. Taking into account the attributes of events, such as time, intricacy, and scope, along with all the factors that can influence participant satisfaction or dissatisfaction, are crucial aspects of event management. In addition, considering the event-oriented category, strengthening the existing platforms and creating new platforms to increase the possibility of forming collective memories and considering the importance of the physical flexibility of these platforms, as well as preparing the minds of the public and providing accurate information for them about holding events, are some recommendations that can improve the collective memory in the case study as much as possible. Finally, attention to the multicultural nature of this street and considering the relationship between various socio-religious groups using 30-Tir Street can strengthen two main concepts of this research.

Sociological analysis and evaluation of literary works, especially contemporary poetry, through obtaining the intellectual background and possible awareness and worldview of the poet, reveals the various intellectual structures of the society of which the artist is considered a member. Natural symbols, which are taken from the world around the poet, can reflect the worldview of the poet in a sociological reading. This research aims to achieve the dominant intellectual system in the thought of these poets by analyzing contemporary poetry and natural symbols in the poetry of Mahdi Akhwan Al-Talihi, Ahmad Shamlou and Forough Farrokhzad based on Lewis Goldman"s sociological theory.

In its sociological perspective, the forward-looking essay has used the descriptive-analytical library method and has reread the text of the selected poems in the framework of the theory of sociological criticism with a focus on the works and writings of Lucien Goldman.

Lucien Goldman, a famous sociologist, relies on his theory of developmental structuralism to decode and analyze the society reflected in literary works and emphasizes that literary works create the society within itself with all its hidden and visible angles and dimensions. he does. The third brotherhood, Shamlou and Farrokhzad are all three poets whose sociological attention to various aspects and angles of life, problems, political and cultural atmosphere of the society can be followed in their poems.

The results of this research show that all three poets, especially in the second period of their poetry and from a year after the coup d"etat of August 28, 1332, reacted against the social categories of the era and as an activist, political activist and social critic, they were able to deal with contradictions, ruins, poverty. , express injustice, tyranny, etc. with symbolism with the help of natural elements in an effective way and present a clear picture of the second Pahlavi society.

This research was conducted in order to present a model for the effect of motivational strategies and learning through will on the learning resources management strategies of postgraduate students.

research method in terms of main strategy: quantitative; In terms of purpose practical; In terms of implementation method field and documentation, and in terms of analytical technique: descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of this study consisted of post-graduate students (major and doctoral) in the second semester of the academic year 1397-1398 at Mohaghegh Ardabili University, who were studying in different fields. At the time of conducting the research, these students had experienced the educational system for at least two semesters. The size of the population is reported to be approximately 1159 people. The sampling method in this research was simple random sampling. The overall sample size based on the Krejci-Morgan table, considering the error α = 0.05; About 289 questionnaires were considered, and after completing and refining them, 256 questionnaires could be analyzed. In this research, the questionnaire of motivation strategies for learning and the questionnaire of will were used to collect data, the questionnaire of motivation strategies for learning Pintrich et al. ) containing three components of motivation (with reliability α = 0.88), learning strategies (with reliability α = 0.92) and learning resource management strategies (with reliability α = 0.77) in the form of fifteen subscales; And the Arde questionnaire with five components and twenty-one questions (with a reliability of 0.83), which was compiled

Intangible cultural heritage is a bridge that connects the past to the present and the present to the future. The intangible heritage of Gorgan has also brought the dynamism and vitality of Gorgan's historical context from long ago to the present day by flowing in the neighborhood centers. these centers are Takāya of the city. The Takaya of the city is the arena of manifestation of living culture and a public place to show cultural and religious solidarity. This article, with the aim of "introducing and documenting the intangible heritage and living culture of the Gorgan in relation to the urban and neighborhood centers of the city (Takāya)", relies on written and oral documents. This study has recorded and introduced this heritage of Gorgan through document study and interviews. A study that shows that some of these legacies are still active (Such as Toqh Bāndān, Halīm-Pazī, Sobhe Ruo-Siāh and Shām-i Gharībān), some of them have changed (Such as Daste-Gardāni, Pā-Manbarī, Daste-Choubī) and some of them (Such as women's ta'ziya) have also been forgotten. Considering the interrelated relationship between Takaya's structure and the intangible heritage of the city, this dual relationship has provided better conservation.

Having children is one of the important factors in the development of society and country. This research was carried out with the aim of determining the effect of educational intervention based on the stages of change on the attitude and behavior of married women to have children.

This Quasi experimental study was conducted on 80 married women (40 in the intervention group and 40 in the control group) under the cover of Saman Health Center Mashhad in 2022. Sampling was done by simple random method. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used whose validity and reliability were confirmed. Educational program was held in 4 sessions for one month for the intervention group and the participants in both groups answered the questionnaire questions before and 3 months after the intervention. The data was analyzed by SPSS 20. 

The mean attitude scores of women in the intervention group before and 3 months after the intervention were 16.01±2.21, 17.85±2.06. Statistical tests showed a significant relationship between education and women's attitude towards having children (P<0.01). Also, the educational intervention had an effect on changing behavior of women for having children (P>0.05).

The educational intervention in this study was able to significantly improve the attitude of married women in the field of childbearing. However, it is suggested that in the future programs of individuals, the stages of preparation and action in educational interventions should also be considered.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two types of diode lasers with wavelengths 980 nm and 810 nm and Er: YAG laser on the level of surface roughness of Sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched (SLA) titanium discs.

In this in vitro experimental study, in the 2017 - 2018 years at the research center of Professor Tarabinejad and the central laboratory of Isfahan University,17 SLA titanium discs with a diameter of 2.5 and a height of 2 mm were used. The samples were divided into three groups of five for three lasers and one group of two as the control group. The first group was irradiated with Er: YAG laser, the second group with diode laser 810 nm, and the third group with diode laser 980 nm; and no intervention was done for the control group. The surface roughness was then investigated using an SPM microscope and Ra and Rq parameters. The obtained data were compared using one analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post-hoc test. The significance level was set at α= 0.05.

Analysis of the obtained data showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the mean values of Ra and Rq parameters among four groups.

Irradiation of diode lasers 810 and 980 and also Er: YAG, decontaminated the SLA titanium disc surfaces without damage. However, additional clinical trials will be needed to verify the results of the present study.

Criticism based on psychological analysis is a relatively new science that can be used to study the epistemology and ontology of the works and thoughts of Persian language poets. In this research, the researcher aims to analyze the military figure using the psychological analytical approach of the shadow. This research is descriptive-analytical research. The statistical population of the research is the story of seven military figures, which is analyzed according to Jung's shadow theory. The shadow has appeared in the military figure with traits such as credulity, greed, lust and desire for extramarital relations with women, pride and arrogance. Nizami explains the way to get rid of these bad qualities (shadow) in thinking and conversation and honesty (the second story), piety and humility (the story of Beshr and Malikha), acquiring knowledge and knowledge (the story of Lady Hesari), purity and good intentions and repentance (The story of Mahan and Divan), cleanness (the story of good and evil) and the acceptance of error and repentance (the seventh story) are introduced. All the heroes of the seven stories were honest people, trustworthy and pure in appearance. But in the vicissitudes of life, their feet slipped and they were caught in calamities. Nizami in this system by showing the possibility of mistakes and tremors for all people, even people with positive human characteristics, shows that in the end, due to the good nature they have, these people have overcome their shadow and overcome their mistakes. and the calamity in which they were caught, they will save you.

Making purposeful use of the natural environment, ecotourism plays a crucial role in empowering local communities, whose economy could be improved through the application of local knowledge. Therefore, this study sought to identify the formal-functional criteria affecting the success of internet-based ecotourism businesses, and the content criteria regarding the local knowledge and economy. Moreover, the study undertook to elaborate on the effective criteria involved in the success of the relevant businesses in Iran. To do so, first, the intended criteria were developed by reviewing the related literature and performing content analysis. Then, the criteria involved in the success or failure of some select Iranian internet-based ecotourism businesses (15 businesses out of the final 44 businesses qualified to be studied in this research, which had been selected and filtered out of 91 businesses in 2019) were identified via expert-oriented quantitative evaluation. Finally, 120 online questionnaires were administered to target groups (Ecotourists and tour guides). The collected data were then analyzed via the SPSS software using Gamma and Contingency Coefficient correlation tests, followed by the validation of the criteria involved in the success of the Iranian internet-based ecotourism businesses.As indicated by the results of the study, providing local guides, organizing tours in untouched regions, and providing the opportunity for tourists to participate in ritual ceremonies were found as the main criteria involved in the success of Internet-based businesses in terms of local knowledge. Moreover, the local-economy-based criteria included the creation of job opportunities by providing a variety of tourism activities and services, providing accommodation, food, services, food, car rental services, etc. On the other hand, offering financial and cultural-educational support through holding free educational courses together with other formal-functional aspects of the platform may also contribute to the success of the aforementioned businesses.

“Syntactic voice” is a grammatical characteristic that is classified within the “syntactic level of style” group, and its “semantic function” is to recognize the author’s point of view through the grammatical structure.; In simple words, grammatical voice measures the relation of the verb in the current sentences with other participants in the current process; predicate which has a special place in English grammar, is the basis of basic voice divisions from Klaiman's point of view. The basic voice as an old voice refers to the location and activeness of the verb or the predicate of the sentence; The "control" and "non- control" predicates, which are included among the "lexical predicates" of this grammar, are, respectively, with the nucleus and the role of the subject of the sentence; Or with prepositional verbs, they are known and classified as basic voices. The diversity in Kleiman's base voice, by classifying predicate types, explains his theory from the perspective of the "semantic function of predicate types"; And the fifty-third letter, having many and varied verbs, is a suitable platform for the present research. Based on the descriptive and analytical method, And also in order to express the level of conformity, between the base voice and control and non-control predicates, in the fifty-third letter, this essay presents the following product: 264 verbs from the fifty-third letter of Nahj al-Balagha, represent the basic voice, of which the active voice class is exclusively active, with 114 verbs, which have made an important point, are consistent with the division of predicate types from Klaiman's point of view.

The art of glassware grew so much in the 5th and 6th centuries AH that it has always been mentioned as a glorious era in the history of glassmaking in Egypt and Iran. The glass artifacts of this period grew exponentially in terms of the variety of decorations, including carvings (linear, frame and embossed), enameling and gold-painted paintings. Painting with gold also became popular among the artists of this period, examples of which are obtained from Fustat. In terms of variety of products, the art of glassware of this period includes all kinds of narrow dishes, cups, vases, cups, jugs, lamps and even chess pieces. This research has been done in a comparative-historical method with reference to library sources with an analytical approach and seeks to answer the basic questions whether the study of glass patterns of the 5th and 6th centuries AH. AH can identify the commonalities or differences of this art in the two lands of Egypt and Iran? Do the similarities between the designs of this art in the two lands show the effect of its extensive trade with neighboring regions? In the meantime, important cities such as Fustat, Alexandria, Cairo and then in Iran, Neishabour, Rey, Gorgan, Susa and Siraf were introduced as glass manufacturing centers at that time. Manufacturing techniques in the glass industry in the 5th and 6th centuries AH. AH has been used in Egypt to achieve the components of decorative motifs and ornaments. Hence, various motifs, including plant, animal, geometric and written,

Personality disorders can play a significant role in creating and perpetuating sexual function problems in women. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality patterns and types of female orgasms. The method of the present study was correlational and a sample of 400 women in Tehran was selected by convenience sampling. Tests used to collect data were Millon 3 questionnaires (MCMI-III); Women's Sexual Function Questionnaire (FSFI); Orgasm Scale Assessment (ORS). According to the results, the highest disorder was related to the satisfaction subscale and the lowest percentage of the research sample was in the orgasm subscale (25.9%) and in the subscales of desire, arousal, humidity, and pain, respectively, the percentage of the research sample was 31, 32, 26.3, and 31.4%. According to the results, the narcissism and negativity subscales had a significant relationship with the types of orgasm (P <0.05) and the other subscales had no significant relationship. According to the results of logistic regression, avoidance, sadism, and borderline subscales were able to predict the types of orgasms and the coefficients of other paths in the regression model did not have significant coefficients (P <0.05).

Cafes have a special place for users and are spaces for spending leisure time, a sense of relaxation and a platform for informal activities that are contrary to the discourse of power. The purpose of this article is to analyze the atmosphere prevailing in the cafes of Daneshgah Boulevard in Zahedan city. In this regard, Bourdieu's theoretical approach and his Field Theory have been used. The research method of this research is qualitative and based on the analysis of the viewpoints of the cafe owners and baristas of the selected cafes on this street. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. For this purpose, two types of cafes on this Boulevard (8 cafes in total), including take-out cafes and coffee shops, were selected, and 12 people were interviewed. Based on the obtained results, two types of coffee and espresso consumption habitus (among natives) and going to cafes (mostly among students) were observed. The fields mentioned in the investigation of cafes included the economic, socio-cultural, political and power fields. By using different strategies, cafe owners try to attract different users, and there is a difference between the actions and activities of natives and students. Examining the relationship between the identified categories showed that the core categories include changing habitus, increasing coffee consumption and turning cafes into quasi-public spaces that attract people under the influence of causal conditions such as the desire to change the social position, the changeability of habitus and the use of coffee for treatment. Cafe users' action against these changes was to accept new habitus and, at the same time, localize consumption and space. The consequences of this action were the weakening of restrictions, improvement of the economy, communication, and thinking

One of the attractions in Zahedan, especially on Daneshgah Boulevard, is cafes that have expanded on this street. A variety of cafes in the form of take-out cafes and coffee shops has attracted the local community and students and led to the vitality and dynamism of this street. The tradition of going to cafes in Zahedan dates back to ten years ago, and coffee consumption has become a dominant culture among the natives. The questions of this research are: 
-What are the habitus of cafe users and their activities, and how are these habitus affected by Field Theory? 
In order to answer them, Bourdieu's analytical approach has been used to formulate the conceptual framework of this research. Despite the fact that the third place, the public realm or other approaches have been used in the other studies, this study aims to make a profound and interpretive analysis of cafes by using the dimensions of this theory.

As a qualitative research, the purpose of this study is to analyze the cafes and habitus in Zahedan City. A semi-structured interview method was used to collect data. Three general and related issues have been questioned as the habitus, different fields and types of activities and practices. The target group of the research was 12 cafe owners and baristas on Daneshgah Boulevard of Zahedan. The cafe owners and baristas were asked about the habitus and practices of the cafe users. At the same time, in order to investigate the difference between the habitus of the research groups, i.e. natives and students, two types of cafes have been considered. The interviews were conducted in the winter of 2023 when the academic semester was still ongoing. The sample size was obtained according to the theoretical saturation and 3 take-out cafes and 5 coffee shops were selected. For choosing them first, by referring to the websites, the list of the best cafes in Zahedan was extracted, and two cafes (Pelas and Fenjun), which were on the top list and located on Daneshgah Boulevard, were selected. In the next step, Cafe de France, Cafe Honar, and Be Vaght-e Cafe were introduced by the cafe owners and baristas and were added to the list. Three take-out cafes (Cafe Tak, E.L.K Cafe and Mr. Raeis) were selected also. Cafe Tak is one of the oldest take-out cafes. For analyzing the data, the interviews were first coded and based on the conceptual framework; the layers related to the users' habitus were analyzed through Bourdieu's Field Theory. Then, grounded theory was applied to develop the research model. The process of coding, categorization, and the relationship between the categories in the form of defining the core category and identifying casual, context, and intervening conditions, as well as the action and interaction strategies, were considered.

Two types of habitus were identified; the habitus of consuming coffee and espresso, and more intensively, the consumption of espresso, which was more common among the natives, and the habitus of going to the coffee shops, which mainly was observed among the young, students, and women. Considering the function of cafes, economic, socio-cultural, political and power fields were also identified. Besides the analysis based on the field theory, categories have been identified for developing the conceptual model. Based on the interviews, 38 primary codes, 21 sub-categories and 11 main categories were defined. Moreover, the relationship between the categories and the concepts of the Field Theory were also examined and analyzed. The main categories include the changeability of habitus and lifestyle, changing the image of the city and social condition, the category of difference and distinction, freedom, spatial control, economy-oriented categories and strategy, economic orientation, and harmony of ethnic and critical thinking.
The core categories include two concepts as changing the habitus of the natives and increasing the consumption of coffee and espresso, and turning cafes into dynamic and active quasi-public spaces. The causal conditions included dynamic and acquired characteristics of habitus, coffee consumption as a treatment and the desire of natives and residents for socio-cultural change. The conditions that are affected by the specific time and place impressed the core categories, including the desire to change, the presence of students in the city, and the therapeutic use of coffee. Also, the categories related to the improvement of capital and the economic fields were recognized as effective. The intervening conditions that had an impression on the core categories included spatial monitoring and control, which impose restrictions on the acceptance of cafes as a public domain. The moderator conditions included differences and distinctions. Also, since the acceptance of habitus has positive effects on the city and natives, it can be identified as another moderator condition. For example, changing habitus and turning cafes into a dominant activity in the city promoted symbolic capital, changed the image of the city, and increased collective consensus. Also, the use of economic strategies by cafe owners has an influence on the core category. Action and interaction included different strategies. One of these strategies is localization and change in coffee consumption and space (different types of coffee shops and emphasis on some products). In other words, the concept of coffee and espresso for natives is different from its original concept. Also, the natives' strategy against this new habitus is to use its advantages to improve the economic, socio-cultural, and symbolic capital.

The aim of this research was to analyze the dominant atmosphere which influences the habitus related to cafes in Zahedan City. For this purpose, among different approaches to studying this issue, the Field Theory of Bourdieu was selected. This theory, on the one hand, is a unified approach and free from the dualities of subject/object, structure/agency, etc. On the other hand, by combining theory with practice and introducing a method, examine the issues with different fields such as society, culture and politics and their impact on habitus. So, it is a comprehensive and practical approach. Bourdieu's theory considers the detailed expansion of concepts' applied mechanisms and is different from similar concepts, so through it, examining the impact of concepts on each other is possible. Also, due to the comprehensiveness of this theory, the identified categories are related not only to the social and cultural layers but also to the political, ethnic, and economic layers. As another highlighted point, the case of Daneshgah Boulevard in Zahedan, which has been less studied in the urban planning discipline, led to the introduction of this street as a lively and dynamic space and as the symbolic capital of this city.

The purpose of this research was to identify the dimensions and components of sharing management experiences in primary schools in order to provide a model.

The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. The statistical population included all primary school teachers of Central Province in the year 2001-2002, numbering 209 people. Multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select the sample. The initial one included 253 items. Its validity was provided based on experts' opinion and its reliability coefficient was obtained by Cronbach's alpha method equal to 0.94. Data analysis was done based on Pearson correlation tests and structural equation modeling.

the results showed that there is a significant difference between the current and desired status of organizational learning components (group cooperation, job involvement, job motivation, organizational trust, review of managers' evaluation, organizational climate, knowledge management, job security, organizational commitment, and organizational learning) at the level of 01/01 There is a significant P≤0. Also, the results showed that the studied model had a relatively favorable fit.

One of the most important indicators of the effectiveness of managers in schools is the sharing of managerial experiences, which senior education officials can use the components of group cooperation, job involvement, job motivation, organizational trust, reviewing the evaluation of managers, Organizational climate, knowledge management, job security, organizational commitment, and organizational learning contribute to this important issue.

One of the important and fundamental currents of contemporary poetry is symbolic or symbolic poetry. According to many critics and experts, one of the main reasons for the tendency and attention of contemporary poets to symbolic poetry is the change and evolution of the political and social atmosphere of Iran in the contemporary era. In addition to this opinion, we can also mention the familiarity of poets with European poetic trends and the school of symbolism. During the constitutional era, the use of symbols, especially symbols related to natural and four elements, served to express the political-social intentions and goals of poets. Therefore, the purpose of the upcoming research is to examine the four elements of nature (water, wind, Soil, fire) in constitutional poetry in order to specify how the poets of this era have used these elements to explain their political and social goals.

This article is based on library studies and descriptive-analytical method.

Paying attention to the four elements has always had a prominent place and role among the culture and beliefs of various nations, including Iranian writers and poets, and has caused deep and significant thoughts, ideas and concepts to appear in Persian poetry in various periods. It has appeared in wide and artistic forms. During the constitutional era, especially the poems of Mirzadeh Eshghi, Aref Qazvini and Nasim Shomal, symbolization using the elements of nature has been paid attention to in order to pay attention to social and political issues.

Mirzadeh Eshghi, Nasim Shomal and Aref Qazvini, according to the four elements of water, wind, earth and fire, concepts such as homeland, destruction and rebellion of kings and tyrannical rulers, the destruction of the homeland and the loss of freedom and independence of the country and its colonization by foreigners have depicted.

One of the most critical and fundamental issues about human mental health in the middle years of life and the elderly is Mild Cognitive Impairments (MCI), known as the precursor stages of Alzheimer’s disease. Hence, conducting scientific studies on people with MCI is vital due to the intermediate role of these problems and their pathological position as a prognosis for more severe cognitive impairments. The lack of research exploring key factors affecting the well-being of individuals with MCI, combined with the absence of conceptual and structural models in this domain, underscores the importance of this study. Given the rising life expectancy and the growing aging population, it critical to focus on enhancing the mental and cognitive-emotional abilities of middle-aged and elderly individuals. By identifying the influential elements across various aspects of MCI, clinicians can develop tailored rehabilitation programs and interventions that address the specific needs and bolster the weaknesses of those affected by cognitive deficits. Therefore, this research investigates the mediating role of ego strength in how attachment styles impact executive functions in individuals with MCI.

The present study was a cross-sectional correlational study. The statistical population includes all people over 40 years of age in Tehran, Iran, with mild pathological symptoms of cognitive impairments who were referred to the Alzheimer’s Association of Tehran in the second six months of 2022. In this study, 364 people were selected using the available sampling method. The criteria for entering the research include being 40 years old or older (being in the age group of the middle-aged and elderly), the presence of mild pathological diagnostic criteria (noted in the file of people referring to the Alzheimer’s Association of Iran by an expert), obtaining a score lower than 27 in the short mental status assessment scale, agreeing to participate in the study, responding to the scales and tools used, mastering the Persian language, and having a sixth-grade education or higher. The exclusion criteria of the research were being under 40 years old (given that 40 is considered the end of youth and the beginning of middle age), incomplete completion of research tools, the presence of severe physical or psychiatric disorders, suffering from Alzheimer’s disease or advanced dementia, and severe sensory-motor and physical disabilities. In this research, ethical considerations were taken into consideration, including the principle of secrecy and confidentiality, the consent of each person to participate in the research, and the possibility of withdrawing cooperation in case of unwillingness. The research tools were the Brief Mental Status Assessment Scale (MMSE), Attachment Styles Questionnaire (RASS), Adult Executive Function Scale (ADEXI), Ego Strength Questionnaire (PIES), and Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFI). Pearson correlation, structural equation modeling, and SPSS version 24, and AMOS version 24 software were used for data analysis.

The study results revealed the fit of the desired model. Furthermore, the direct effect of the variable of secure attachment to the variable of executive functions was insignificant (T=0.243, β=0.012). The direct effect of the variable of avoidant attachment on the variable of executive functions was insignificant (T=1.236, β=0.064). The direct effect of the anxious attachment variable on the executive functions variable was insignificant (T=-0.643, β=-0.036). The direct effect of the ego strength variable on the executive functions variable was insignificant (T=9.736, β=0.793). The direct effect of the secure attachment variable on the ego strength variable is significant (T=3.681, β=0.187). The direct effect of the avoidant attachment variable on the ego strength variable is significant (T=3.213, β=0.165). Additionally, the direct path effect of the anxious attachment variable to ego strength was significant (T=-6.592, β=-0.363). In addition, the obtained results indicate the indirect effect of the variable of secure attachment to the variable of executive functions through ego strength (β=0.138, P=0.002), the indirect effect of the variable of avoidant attachment to the variable of executive functions through ego strength means (β=0.204, P=0.002), and the indirect effect of the anxious attachment variable on the executive functions variable through ego strength were significant (β=-0.196, P=0.001). In addition, ego strength had a mediating role in the relationship between attachment styles and executive function symptoms.

According to the results of this study, seemingly, in addition to the existence of genetic and hereditary preparations in people suffering from cognitive impairments, attachment styles, specifically with the role that ego strength plays in this, can play parts in the beginning or progression of executive dysfunctions. The results of this study can be a point of hope for further studies in this field and help in formulating interventions to increase the ego capability of people with mild cognitive impairments whose executive functions are somehow impaired.

The issue of urban facade preferences for users is one of the most important issues in the field of urban design. The answer to this question has been considered by researchers in the form of various objective and subjective methods. This study intends to use machine learning method as a predictable approach to evaluate the preferences and also desirability of urban facades for users. Therefore, the aim of the research is to design a predictive model that its output is the level of user preferences of residential facades in Tehran. According to the expected output, the data provided to the model consists of residential facade image. Due to the necessity of standard data in the machine learning process, residential facade images submitted to the Tehran City Facade and Landscape Commission in the years 2016 to 2019 have been used. Out of the original 800 images, 278 images were chosen in selection process. The input of this predictive model is images along with features. The features considered in this research have been obtained using the approach of visual preferences and image processing. The issue of whether the physical characteristics related to the visual preferences approach and the statistical characteristics obtained with the image processing technique both have an effect on the level of visual preference was tested with machine learning and the results showed that the use of both the feature provide better results. Since the supervised machine learning method has been used, it was necessary to present the labels to the machine. Therefore the number of preferences were carried out through an online questionnaire by users (218) in four categories of low preferences (0-25%), medium (50-26%), good (51-75%) and very good (100-76%). By selecting the models and determining the amount of 80 to 20 as the training to test data volume, the learning process was carried out and then using the confusion matrix, the validity of the models used in machine learning was tested. Also, to ensure the predictability of the machine, at the end, some new facades which were neither training nor test data were presented to the machine and the degree of predictability of their visual preference was checked by the machine and with the result of the survey. Based on the results, three algorithms of support vector machine, decision tree and random forest with 100% accuracy and X-G-Boost method with 97% accuracy have performed best. Based on the results, the importance of the influence of elements on users' preferences, includes the minimum distance between windows, the ratio of transparent to opaque surface in the facade, the presence of gardens in the balcony, the variety of materials, the maximum distance between windows, the number of openings, the length of the balcony, the number of balconies, the number of floors, the variety of colors, the decorations used on the roof, the type of roof lines (continuous, discontinuous), the number of entrances, and the ratio of the height to the length of the building.

The examination of users’ emotions through social media has developed into an impactful domain across diverse scientific fields, appealing not only to business proprietors and politicians but also to general users. In the meantime, this field has infiltrated urban studies and has been used by urban planners and designers due to its methodology; whether in the form of research that aims solely at emotion analysis or as an integrated layer within broader research endeavors. The aim of this article is to explain this field in the analysis of urban emotions as modeling methods in order to identify the position of this field in urban studies by examining the importance of emotion and the methods of its study in the city.

This research used the supervised machine learning approach and analyzed the sentiments of tweets related to eight major cities in Iran. The data collection consists of 930 tweets that were collected in a period of 10 years from 2011 to 2022. Initially, over 5000 tweets were collected, and during the tagging process, 80% of them were excluded due to their limited relevance to the city, emphasizing tweets related to urban space. The name of cities and tourist areas were searched to establish a balance between positive and negative data. The tweets are downloaded through Twitter streaming API and the metadata along with the text, including the number of retweets, number of likes and tweet ID, language and location. The data sets have been used for machine training after standard and normalization steps. In this research, the ratio of training data to testing data is 80 to 20. According to the supervised approach, the data were labeled by the researcher with three negative, neutral, and positive labels, and where the researcher had doubts, the opinions of two other experts were used. In general, both machine learning and deep learning have been used. In order to check the validity of the model and to test it, the confusion matrix has been used.

Firstly, the machine was trained based on 3 algorithms that were used in many research related to text sentiment analysis. Based on the test results presented on the confusion matrix, the accuracy of the trained machine in determining the polarity of the text in three polarities was defined. Among the three used algorithms, support vector machine and random forest have performed better than other algorithms. Given that the model’s highest accuracy was approximately 70%, deep learning was employed to train the machine in order to assess the potential for achieving improved results. In the following, machine learning with a convolutional neural network algorithm and a hybrid algorithm were considered. At first, the machine was trained using a convolutional neural network. The results of the accuracy of the model showed that the model is predictable by up to 75%. Next, an attempt was made to improve the predictive accuracy of the model by writing a hybrid algorithm based on the convolutional neural network. The architecture of this network is such that two types of data are considered as input to the neural network, text data and other features in the data set, including location, number of retweets, number of likes, city codes and searched content (as metadata). Therefore, based on this input and output (classification based on the polarity of the text by the researcher), the machine was trained and finally tested. As depicted in the structure of the hybrid algorithm, the significance of the text is assigned a weight of 90%, while the importance of metadata is weighted 10%. It should be noted that different percentages were given to the importance of each of the inputs and the predictability accuracy of the model was checked. As the model test results show, the designed algorithm has improved the predictability of the machine by 4%.

In this article, sentiment analysis based on model-oriented methods - machine learning and deep learning - was scrutinized, and therefore, while comparing it with traditional methods and lexical methods, the process of urban sentiment analysis was developed and the different levels of the process were described in detail. As stated, these methods have many advantages and can be useful for analyzing the current situation or predicting different urban projects. Besides, compared to traditional methods, they are less expensive, faster and have sufficient accuracy. According to the appropriate capability of the trained machine, this machine can predict the polarity of the data. This means that by using the text data published in social networks, it is possible to analyze the feelings of users. Certainly, when these data are geodatabases, there is also the capability to geolocate emotions. This approach allows for a swift, accurate, and cost-effective general assessment of city spaces. By identifying areas where users perceive negative emotions, the reasons can be investigated and addressed accordingly. This research has been innovative in two aspects, 1) preparing a collection of data related to the sentiment of Persian language users related to the city and 2) analyzing urban sentiment in the country using machine learning in the field of urban planning and design. Some limitations of this research include limited access to all data published on Twitter using Twitter streaming API; the small amount of available and relevant data; low use of Twitter by users due to filtering; and the unavailability of financial resources to prepare and use a larger set of data.

Considering that a native model for sharing managerial experiences is not available for primary school principals, however, this group of principals seriously need such a model to improve the level of their managerial experiences. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify strategies for sharing management experiences in primary schools.

The research method was qualitative-phenomenological. The research environment included all primary school principals over 25 years of experience, which was continued by purposeful sampling method until the saturation of sampling up to 29 people. In-depth interviews were used to gather the required data. Data analysis is coded, open, axial and selective.

In general, the research findings showed 253 open codes, 10 selected codes (job security, organizational trust, job motivation, knowledge management, evaluation review, organizational commitment, job conflict, open organizational atmosphere, group cooperation, Organizational learning) and 29 core codes (learning management models, learning learns, learning new methods, collaborating for improvement, collaborating to find resources, collaborating for integration, motivation for school growth and development, individual motivation, social motivation, evaluating principal participation, evaluation Learning leadership, school process evaluation, knowledge storage, knowledge organization, knowledge sharing, trust in the organization, trust in colleagues, trust in the job, normative commitment, emotional commitment, continuous commitment, free communication with each other, informality, delegation Perfectionism, inspiration from the environment, job stability, job accreditation, job comfort) were extracted in relation to strategies for sharing the experiences of school principals.

Primary school management is the most important educational course for children and therefore needs to address their weaknesses on the one hand and their growth, development and promotion on the other hand. Sharing the experiences of primary school principals is one of the important strategies that Improving the quality of primary schools is multifaceted.

 The use of supplements and food of natural origin along with exercises in order to achieve health benefits and weight loss has become very popular. In the meantime, high intensity interval training (HIIT) has been considered as an efficient and new training method and ursolic acid as a natural substance. Therefore, the present study determined the effect of six high-intensity intermittent exercises and ursolic acid supplementation on oxidative stress and percentage of the week in obese teenage boys.

In this semi-experimental study, healthy obese adolescent boys (age range: 13-18 years) of Mobarakeh city, Isfahan based on body mass index (above 25 kg/m2) and fat percentage (more than 25%) numbered 36. The selected people and after equalization based on aerobic fitness (VO2max) were placed in four groups of intense intermittent exercise, ursolic acid supplementation, combined (exercise + ursolic acid) and control. First, the subjects participated in the preparation program for two weeks (four sessions per week) including 30 to 45 minutes of continuous and periodic aerobic exercise with an intensity of 60-70% of the reserve heart rate. Then the training continued for six weeks in the HIIT method with an intensity of 70-90% of the reserve heart rate. Oxidative markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and body fat percentage were measured before and after six weeks of exercise and supplementation. The results of the Shapiro-Wilk test showed the normal distribution of all variables (P<0.05). Analysis of covariance was used to examine the differences between groups, and Bonferroni's post hoc test was used to examine the differences in individual groups. The results were analyzed using SPSS software version 22 and at a significance level of P<0.05.

In general, the reduction of MDA and the increase of serum TAC in the exercise and combination and supplement groups were significant compared to the control group (p<0.05).

Based on the results of this study, intense interval training in combination with ursolic acid supplementation is a suitable method to increase TAC, decrease MDA and body fat percentage of obese adolescent boys. Therefore, it seems that HIIT exercises with ursolic acid supplement can be effective in strengthening antioxidant defense and reducing oxidative stress and fat percentage in obese adolescent boys.

Color is the most important and complicated part of aesthetic dentistry. The tooth color matching of restorations is considered as one of the most difficult tasks in the restorative dentistry. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of two training methods on the dental students’ of Alborz dental Faculty ability in determining tooth color matching.

In this case-control study, 40 Alborz dental students were randomly divided into two groups. The first group was trained face to face and the second group was trained matching virtually. Students were asked to determine the color of the samples before, after and one month after the training using the Vita Classic color shade. The results were analyzed by chi-square test and Fisher exact test and SPSS v24 statistical software.

Training was effective in both groups, but there was no significant difference between face-to-face and virtual training methods. There was no significant difference between the semester and sex with the ability to determine tooth color in both face-to-face and virtual methods.

Face to face and virtual training has no significant difference effect on improving the accuracy of color determination and show the need to explain and continue the continuously training in this field in general dentists and dental students to improve their knowledge and awareness in the field of color determination.

Nurses are exposed to depression, anxiety and stress due to direct contact with Covid-19 patients, which leads to a decrease in life satisfaction among nurses. The purpose of this study is to compare life satisfaction, depression, anxiety, stress and demographic characteristics of nurses in intensive and non-intensive care units during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The present study is descriptive-comparative. The research population includes all the nurses working in the hospitals of Zanjan province, Iran between the fourth and sixth wave of Covid-19 in 2021-2022. In this study, census sampling was used and 1355 nurses participated in this study. Demographic questionnaire, "Satisfaction with Life Scale" and "Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21" were used to collect data. The validity of the instruments in this study were limited to previous researches and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS. 24.

The average life satisfaction of nurses in intensive and non-intensive care units is 21.35±7.48 and 20.44±7.66 respectively, the average depression in special and non-special wards is 11.85±4.55 and 11.54±4.48 respectively, anxiety was 11.30±4.10 and 11.00± 4.11 respectively, and stress was 13.69±4.72 and 13.05± 4.63 respectively. There was a significant correlation between life satisfaction and stress in intensive and non-intensive care units (P<0.05). But there was no significant correlation between depression and anxiety in intensive and non-intensive care units (P>0.05).

Nurses working in different wards of the hospital during the Covid-19 pandemic have different degrees of depression, anxiety and tension. It is suggested that in order to increase life satisfaction and improve the mental health of nurses working in hospitals, planning and necessary support measures should be done by nurse managers.

In letter 53 of Nahjul Balaghah, syntactical and semantic coherence between various grammars is noticeable. Since Nahjul Balaghah is a literary, social, cultural, and political text, it drives the reader to seek meaning in it. Hence, the authors used grammatical voices in this letter which reveal syntactical constructions, since grammatical voices are examined in verbs. In the meantime, alternation is part of a verb’s descriptive situation that is focused attention and hence creates a changing meaning in two seemingly-similar syntactical constructions. Using the descriptive-analytical method and also credible Internet sources, and reference to library methods, it was concluded active/middle alternation, which saw the highest frequency when matched with the verbs of the letter 53. Marked alternation in active/middle voices by rating participants’ roles in the present situation had the highest frequency..

The issue of the physical vulnerability of neighborhoods against earthquakes is the subject of this research. Crisis management and smart crisis management are generally considered in three stages: before, during, and after the crisis. The management of a smart crisis in all three stages, with emphasis on preparedness and anticipation of vulnerability against disasters such as earthquakes, can provide a way to predict vulnerability and increase power in decision-making. The purpose of this research is to present a predictive model for the vulnerability of the physical context against earthquakes in District 1 of Tehran municipality using machine learning. The research method is analytical and quantitative. Some of the data was collected from GIS and some were extracted from the map analysis. According to the use of a supervised learning approach in this research, labeling was performed by researchers in five different spectrums. Decision tree algorithm, support vector machine (SVM), and multilayer neural network (MLP) were used as machine learning algorithms. The portion of training data for the test was considered to be 70 to 30. By examining the accuracy of the model by the confusion matrix, it was found that the decision tree algorithm with an accuracy of 99.50, sensitivity of 99.42, and error of 0.5 has better performance than the other two algorithms. Moreover, the neural network with an accuracy of 97.85, sensitivity of 97.57, and error of 2.15 showed better performance than support vector machine.