مصطفی انصاری

The quality of nurses' clinical performance has always been one of the concerns of the health system. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between information literacy and clinical performance of nurses working in special departments of selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 1402.

The current research is descriptive-cross-sectional and is a type of correlational study. The statistical population of this research includes nurses working in the special departments of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. In this research, 265 questionnaires were analyzed, descriptive statistics such as absolute and relative frequency and mean and statistical tests such as Pearson's correlation coefficient were used in SPSS software version 25 for data analysis. The tool for data collection was a three-part questionnaire including personal information, level of information literacy and measuring the quality of health care provision.

The results showed that the majority of the studied units had average clinical performance, and the information literacy of the participants was weak and moderate. The average performance score of the research units was 59.3±11.3 and their average information literacy was 53.3±7.2. The results of the present study showed that there is a significant positive relationship between information literacy and clinical practice (P < 0.05) as well as a significant relationship between information literacy and the areas of clinical judgment, care activities, clinical review and facilitation in learning clinical practice.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between information literacy and nurses' clinical performance. Information literacy is a comprehensive element in the clinical practice of nurses, and in fact, improving information literacy is necessary to improve the clinical practice of nurses.

Today, in addition to the physical and mental dimensions of health, its social dimension is also receiving increasing attention. Social health is the part of an individual's health that emerges in the community. Meanwhile, the use of computer communication is expanding and marks the emergence of a new era in social communication. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of social networks and social health of nursing and midwifery students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

This correlational and cross-sectional study was performed on 265 nursing and midwifery students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Data collection tools were a three-part questionnaire including personal information, measuring the level of social health and the use of social networks. After data extraction, descriptive statistics such as absolute and relative frequency and statistical tests such as Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS software version 25 were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that women with 142 people (53.6%) had the highest frequency and men with 123 people (46.4%) had the lowest frequency. Regarding age, the highest frequency was related to the age group between 18-21 (43.4%). Mean and standard deviation of social health scores of the studied units were 90 16 16.3 and mean and standard deviation of social network scores of the research units were 127.7 20 20.2 (total score 196) which shows that the average use of social networks is higher than It was moderate and the social health of the studied units was moderate. The findings also showed that social health has a direct and positive relationship with the use of social networks (P <0.05).

According to the research findings, given the wide level of use of social networks, this opportunity can be used and effective steps can be taken to promote students' social health.

Considering the importance of using indexing instruments such as MeSH medical subject headings in storing and retrieving medical science information, the present study aimed to determine the degree of consistency of English keywords in nursing and midwifery dissertations of Tehran, Iran and Shahid Beheshti universities of Medical Sciences. Was performed with MeSH subject headings.

This research has been conducted by comparative and library survey method. Data collection tool is a checklist prepared by the researcher. The dissertations of two masterchr(chr('39')39chr('39'))s and doctoral degrees were conducted by census method from three universities of medical sciences in Tehran, Iran and Shahid Beheshti in Tehran over a period of 5 years (2016-2017). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20 and descriptive statistics. A total of 4283 keywords were extracted and compared with MeSH subject headings. They were divided into three groups: complete consonant, relative consonant and inconsistent.

During the years under study, 38.5% of the words were in complete agreement with the MeSH subject headings, 42.1% were inconsistent and 19.4% were partially in agreement with MeSH.

Research findings showed that students and researchers need to be more careful in choosing their keywords, which requires training and sensitization in choosing the right keyword.

Research is applied in terms of the purpose of research, and since we seek to examine the variables (good governance and health); The research will be part of descriptive-correlational research in terms of implementation method. The sample size was selected based on Cochran''s formula and stratified sampling (classes = villages) of 178 villages in the central part of Hamedan. A good governance and researcher-made health questionnaire was used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by reading and commenting by experts. The reliability of the questionnaires from Cronbach''s alpha coefficient of good governance was 0.82. Health was reported to be 0.80. In order to collect information in order to analyze the data and findings of the research, the research hypotheses were examined at two levels of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The results showed that the role of government as good governance has a significant impact on people''s health

Today, water desalination methods are of great importance in solving the freshwater crisis in the world, so that in recent years, the world's water desalination capacity has increased dramatically. Among them, the reverse osmosis membrane technology has been the most popular and the most commonly used. There are problems such as high energy consumption, high operating costs, and fouling in this method. The objective of this paper was to use reverse and forward osmosis membrane methods simultaneously in a hybrid reverse-forward osmosis setting, which enabled us to take advantage of the benefits of forward osmosis such as not being dependent on high hydraulic pressure, lower cost and less membrane fouling compared to reverse osmosis. Another objective of the study was to evaluate the permeate water production efficiency of desalination with this hybrid method. It is expected that using the hybrid method will reduce the required pressure for conducting reverse osmosis process to achieve a specified permeate flux, because it reduces cost and energy. An HRFO laboratory pilot with a capacity of 50 m3/day was designed and set up in the Hydraulic Lab of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz for running hybrid experiments. The design of the pilot was such that it could operate in both reverse osmosis and HRFO. HRFO experiments were carried out at pressures of 4.5 to 10.5 bar for Ahvaz urban water as feed solution, as well as NaCl as draw solution with a concentration of 2000 to 10000 mg/L via the experimental HRFO plant. It was found that adding the forward osmosis to reverse osmosis at the best situation (lowest pressure and highest concentration of draw solution) can increase the permeate water production efficiency of desalination by 55.12%. The best hybridization degree of these two methods was determined to be 64.5% for reverse osmosis and 35.5% for forward osmosis.

Sangan iron mine with skarn type genesis is located in NE Iran (Khorasan Razavi Province), in the Central Iran zone and NE of Lut Block sub-zone. The Senjedak-III prospect area is one of the six eastern anomalies of Sangan iron mine that encompasses eastern terminal of Khaf- Kashmar- Bardaskan volcano-plutonic belt. The geology of this area consists of a series of igneous (dykes and intrusive bodies), metamorphic (skarn, slate and phyllite) and sedimentary rocks (sandstone, limestone and dolomite). The Senjedak complex is an exo-skarn and includes mineralization such as magnetite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, pyrolusite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, hematite, goethite, limonite and malachite. Sulfide mineralization is associated with retrograde skranification stage whereas oxides/hydroxides mineralization is in connection with fault zones. Ground magnetic surveys show three magnetic anomalies of A, B, and C in the area. The A and B abnormalities have deep origin and may be related to each other. Separation in these abnormalities is attributed to the activity of secondary faults. The C magnetic anomaly that is consistent with the magnetite outcrop in the eastern parts of the range is weaker and has no deep-seated origin. The results of this research can be used to continue exploratory operations at deep anomalies.

Today, retention and improvement of health employees is an important point in health system. Health literacy is one of the most important issues for the promotion of public health by affecting the decisions made by the health officials. The current study aimed at determining the association between health literacy and use of social networks among administrative staff in Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
The current cross sectional study was conducted on 150 administrative staff of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tool was a three-part questionnaire including demographic information, health literacy, and use of social networks. Descriptive statistics such as absolute and relative frequency and statistical tests such as Pearson correlation were used with SPSS version 18 to analysis the data.
The results showed that the mean age of participants was 5.7 ± 41.6 years and 76.7% were female. The majority (82%) was undergraduate. The average score of their health literacy was 128.8 ± 21.5 and average score of using social networks was 130.6 ± 16.6. The mean score of health literacy and use of social networks was above the average and the two variables have significant and direct relationship. Health literacy aspects including accessibility to health information, understanding, and decision making were a direct relationship with social network in the current research (P According to the research findings, by the widespread use of social networks health literacy and associated behaviors, effective steps can be taken.

Specific learning disorder is delay or failure in the ability to learn basic academic skills according to age, education and intelligen. One of the problems of people with learning disabilities is social skills issues. The aim of this study is the effectiveness of play with feeling words on social skills of students with learning disabilities. This study is quasi-experimental with prepost test. The statistical population included all students of second to sixth grade of schools in Kermanshah with learning disorders from which 24 people were selected randomly and devided in two experimental and control groups. The research instrument was Matson social skills questionnaire.The experimental group played with feeling words for eight sessions (each session 30-minute) and twice a week. The results of covariance analysis indicated that play with feeling words caused improvement in these children's social skills (P<0/001). The results of this study showed that play with feeling words can help as one of the appropriate methods to improve social skills to help students with learning disorders. This type of play therapy helps individuals in the proper expression of emotions, cognition and using them properly in communicating with people and peers.

Giardiasis has multiple clinical manifestations and its prevalence is relatively high in Hamadan province. This study was conducted to determine the most frequent clinical sign and symptoms of giardiasis in Hamadan province in 2006. In a descriptive cross sectional study, sixty four patients infected with Giardia were recruited. Anti glidin anti-body and TTG tests were done to roll out celiac disease. The chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Giardiasis was the most common in cases aged 16-20 years old (20.3%), in males (59.4%) and in patients with educational status of primary school (31.25%). The most frequent symptom was abdominal pain (42.1%). Bloating and diarrhea with 23.4% and 9.4% were the next ones. We found that the clinical manifestations of giardiasis are similar to other gastrointestinal diseases such as celiac, so giardiasis should be considered as probable diagnosis in patients with gastrointestinal problems.

Asthma is an inflammatory and chronic disorder of trachobronchial tree that is associated with increased response to allergens. Treatment of acute attack of asthma is short acting b 2 agonist such as Albuterol that is used via a nebulizer or Metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with and attached spacer. Object of this study was evaluation of therapeutic effects of Albuterol via a nebulizer or MDI with an attached holding chamber in patients that had been referred to Emergency departement of Mobasher Hospital in Hamadan. The present study was a clinical trial (before and after) in 60 patients that were suffered from acute attack asthma. Inclusion criterias were 16-65 years old age patients, FEV1, below 60% of predicted value, and cooperation for spirometry performance. Exclusion criterias were COPD, cardiovascular disorders, pneumonia, preumothorex, or their systemic or pulmonary disorders,severe respiratory failure with cyanosis or confusion, pregnancy and smoking. On arrival to the ED, all patients underwent spirometery and all of patients received oxygen and a single dose of 8 mg intravenous dexamethasone. Immediately thereafter patients were randomized to two groups.The study was designed as double blind trial. The first group patients received four puffs Albuterol attached to spacer and immediately distilled water via nebulizer. The second group patientts received 5 mg Albuterol solution via nebulizer after administration of placebo inhaler attached to holding chamber. All of the patients received a total of four treatment. The first dose was administered immediately after spirometry and then every 30 minutes. Spirometry was performed at entry between to the study and then 15 minutes after each treatment. Analysis of comparison of bronchodilating effects of salbutamol via nebulizer or MDI with attached to spacer showed similar effects in two methods (P>0.05). FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC changes were significant among four treatments in every group (P<0.05) but there was no difference between two methods among four treatments (P<0.05). A short acting b 2-agonist such as Albuterol can be administer in patients with acute attack asthma with every two methods (nebulizer or MDI with attached spacer) and have similar bronchodilating effect.

Financial need, hygienic and welfare needs in older people is increasing due to growth of aged people population. The derangements in aged for person’s musty aims of signs producing of illness and its physiopathology are different from those younger persons. Therefore with needs more of attentions. Dementia after arthritis causes weakness in older people. Dementia is a syndrome that it creates derangements recognition without derangement in cautiousness. It leads to memory’s weakness, difficulty in calculation, abstraction, derangement in mood, affect and derangement in judgment, abstract thinking, decreasing of verbal skills and derangements in direction. From types of dementia is pointed to: Alzheimer, dementia resulting of Pick’s disease, Creutzfeld – Jacob, Hangtington, hydrocephalic with natural pressure and Parkinson. Treatment of dementia is included curing of basis illnesses such as high blood pressure, and using medicine such as: anticholinestrase drugs and / or designed rehabilitation plans. Acompanishing Patient’s pivoted care principles in rehabilitation with derangement and concentration on it, is basis of arranging of services and presentation of nursing cares.

Background and Echocardiography and routine E.C.G are standard methods for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). However, urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) recommended by recent investigations is more available and less expensive than echocardiography for detection of LVH. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 124 hypertensive patients (62 cases with LVH and 62 cases without LVH) were selected and divided into two groups. Eechocardiography and routine E.C.G were done for all patients. Urine albumin (nephlometric methods) and creatinine were measured and in patients with urine albumin>100mg/dl, ACR was calculated. No significant differences were observed in mean B.U.N and creatinine, FBS and BMI between two groups. The comparison of UACR between two groups indicates that the frequency of patients with UACR> 100 mg/g in group with LVH, was more than the group without LVH (sensitivity 32.5% and specificity 92%). By combination of these tests a higher sensitivity was obtained (with Cornell criteria 37.1%).Thus, if UACR > 100 is combined with one of the markers of E.C.G for LVH diagnosis, more cases would be detected. Albumin to creatinine ratio in a randomized urine sample, in hypertensive patients. with LVH is higher than patients without LVH and UACR>100 can be applied for diagnosis of LVH More over by combination of E.C.G to ACR a higher sensitivity would be obtained.

Fiberoptic techniques have been used for diagnosis and also for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders very largely. Infection is a complication of endoscopy and fiberoptic endoscopy may serve as vehicle for transmission of infection.

Before doing gastroscopy, all parts of the endoscope were disinfected (as normally done in the ward). Then, samples for culture were taken from the device and at the end of the procedure, again samples from all parts of gastroscope (outer surface, internal canal, water – air pump) were taken and cultured in Blood agar and E.M.B media. Microbiology species and colony count as standard protocol were identified and reported.

954 Samples were prepared before and after upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. In samples from outer surface of the device before procedure, culture was negative in 90.6% and positive in 9.4% (15 cases), while in samples from the same region after endoscopy, culture was negative in 32.7% and positive in 67.3%. Staphylococcus epidermis was the most common organism. Before endoscopy, sampling and culture from internal canal of device was reported as 88.7% negative culture and 11.3% positive culture with pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most common organism. After endoscopy, internal canal culture was 52.7% negative and 47.2% positive culture. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common organism. Air – water Canal samples before endoscopy were 51.6% negative and 48.4% positive. Non fermented gram negative bacilli were the most common organisms. After endoscopy, these samples were 22% negative and 78% positive. Non- fermented gram negative bacilli were the most common organisms.

The microbial contamination of the air-water canal (78%) and outer surface of the device (67.3%) after endoscopy was due to inadequate cleaning and disinfection after completion of procedures.

Position changing with blood distribution in different portions of lung can produce V/Q mismatch, and finally extend to oxygenation disruption. Thus, if position changing has done versus of patient’s pulmonary problem types, not only does not cause oxygenation improvement, but also induce gas exchange impairment, and with provocation of hypoxemia and respiratory acidosis, results complication serious. Goals of this research was determination of semi-fowler’s position and its duration effect on the arterial blood gases (ABGs) in patient under mechanical ventilation hospitalized in general ICU. For study goals attainment,30 ICU patient(22 men and 8 women) under mechanical ventilation was choosed. After recording patient’s demographic data on questionnar, at first an arterial blood sample in supine position, obtained. Then patients immediately had been placed in semi-fowler’s position and after 15,30,45,and 60minute lying in this position,samples of arterial blood obtained and sent to laboratory Findings showed that semi-fowler’s position had not positive effect on oxygenation and gas exchanges. Also, findings certificated that the effect of lying duration (15,30,45,60 minute) in semi-fowler’s position on oxygenation and gas exchange wasn’t significant. Finally conclusion is that without consideration of lung pathology, semi- fowler’s position should not be used because this position not only does not induce oxygen- improvement, but also causes gas exchange impairment, and also create pressure ulcer in susceptible body portion such as sacral and coccygeal.

The incidence of pericardial effusion in untreated hypothyroidism is reported to be 30% to 80%. The study of pericardial effusion in primary hypothyroidism was our objective. 51patients with clinical or overt hypothyroidism and abnormal thyroid function test was admitted to internal medicine ward in Mobasher Kashani Hospital in Hamadan between1995-998.In all patients with clinical or overt hypothyroidism with raised TSH and lowTAWT IMAGE, echocardiography for persent pericardial effusion was done. In this study 51 patients with hypothyroidism were studied(17 male and 34 female) the mean of age in this group was 47.41 years with minimum 16 years and maximum 75 years. Pericardial effusion was seen in different degree in 29 cases (56.9%). Pericardial effusion in primary hypothyroidism related with severity and duration of the disease . Pericardial effusion may be a frequent manifestation in advanced severe stage and myxedema but a rare association of hypothyroidism in early mild stage.