مظاهر ذوالفقاری

The purpose of the current research was to design a sports marketing model for the economic development of Iran's Premier League football clubs.

in terms of type, it is of correlation and in terms of purpose, it is applied. The research was conducted in two stages, the first stage was conducted by open interview method, coding of concepts by elites, and then 10 members of the faculty were selected by snowball method, and in the second stage, the statistical population included: 16 members of the CEOs of the clubs and 16 members of the marketing committee of the clubs in the 1997-98 football Premier League and 49 people of sports marketing specialists and academic faculty members of the universities formed, and a total of 81 people were formed using a simple random sampling method and in the field. Due to the limited statistical population, total sampling method was used. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire with 5 components was used in the fields of sports marketing for the economic development of football clubs, including changes in the management structure, advertising, incentives, professional development and media. The reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha test (0.83). For statistical analysis, descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling method were used in SPSS and PLS software.

All found components have a positive and significant impact on economic development, and among the high components, the professional foundation component with 76% correlation and the foundation index for capital with confidence with 4.87 capital had the highest score among the indices.

According to the present results, for the economic development of the clubs, with special attention to the component of professional hospital construction, which is the index of the privatization of the clubs and the entry of the clubs into the stock market and investment with the confidence of the indicators of the new indicators in This is straight. It needs to be done

Today, football has been transformed into a trade with a lot of changes, from the state of a simple exercise, and has raised itself to other industries and professions. The aim of this study was to design an economic development model of Iranian Pro League clubs. In terms of type, correlation and in terms of purpose is applied. The statistical population consisted of 46 managers and board members of clubs and 237 of football experts and 92 of the university professors 375 who were selected by using simple random sampling method in research. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire and the questionnaire validity (n = 16) was confirmed. Also, the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. In order to analyze the data and check the fit of the model, structural equation modeling was used with PLS3 and SPSS24 software. The results of path analysis showed that the structural improvement, financing and resource resources, the development Approaches of sport Championships and professional, talent management system, financial management system and sports operation, market of transportation, strategic management of the club has a significant effect on variables. But the structure and property of the club, marketing system, stakeholders ' management have no significant effect on research variables. With these results, we can strengthen and focus more on factors influencing the economic development and improve the financial status of clubs, especially for non-private football clubs that do not have a direct income source.

This study was designed and conducted to investigate the identification and prioritization of economic strategies of small and medium sports businesses using AHP-TOPSIS integration method. The method of the present study was a survey that was conducted in the field. In order to identify the economic strategies of small and medium sports businesses, the theoretical saturation method and identifying the experts with the snowball method were used. In order to analyze the research data, AHP and TOPSIS methods were used using SUPER DECISION software and TOPSIS software. According to the research results, it was found that the strategy of merging with other companies, the strategy of vertical integration upwards and the strategy of heterogeneous diversity are the most important strategies for identifying small and medium-sized sports businesses. Therefore, businesses in sports need to integrate with other companies and businesses in order to create a stronger structure by developing and improving their capabilities.

Wahhabism, a phenomenon that is operationally newound with ancient doctrin, has caused many differences and doubts in the present age that every concerned person needs to take into consideration because it has caught a large number of Muslims in the mire of their beliefs and their wrld and the hereafter have been looted. Therefore, in the present article, we have first examined the claim of Wahhabism on the subject of recourse, then we have explained it a little, and then we have examined the verses and narrations that indicate Mediators and that those who are close to God are as means. In both sections, we have divided the verses and narrations into two parts, the spiritual mediator and the material mediator, and for each part we have given examples. After examining all the above sections, we have mentioned the rejection of the Wahhabi belief in the discussion of recourse in the conclusion section. The research method in this article is library method and it was collected based on studying the related books. Most of the material has been based on narration and reasoning relyed on narration. It should be noted that the narrations other than the verses, are mainly from the original sources of Sunnis and Shiite sources have only been mentioned in their confirmation.

The purpose of this study was to develop a conceptual framework for the growth of the economy of Persian Gulf Pro League clubs. This study was of a qualitative type and applied purpose. The population included two sections: managers, football club experts, university lecturers, as well as scientific, documentary, and library resources. A sufficient number of statistical samples were purposefully sampled and consulted based on theoretical saturation (17 people and 46 documents). Conceptual coding and conceptual framing methods were used to analyze the findings. Research tools included a systematic library study and a semi-structured exploratory interview. The validity of the instrument was evaluated using descriptive qualitative methods. The presented analytical framework includes 16 general perspectives, which are: approaches to the development of national championship sports, social capital and club brand, club structure and ownership, club rules and system, transfer market, competitive conditions of leagues, strategic management of the club , Stakeholder Management, Marketing System, Financial Management System, Club Sports Performance, Talent Management System, Club Financing, Club Structural and System Improvement, Club Performance Improvement, and Sustainable Club Economic Development. The economic development of the Persian Gulf Pro League clubs have been established through the revision and reform of the executive policies of the championship events, particularly the rules of the club management system, transfer market, league competition structure, along with the implementation of strategic management system, talent management subsystems, stakeholder management, marketing management, financial management and executive management of the club will be improved. Then, this trend of change causes an improvement in the commercial and social proficiencies of the sports club, which, along with increasing the financial resources and the effectiveness of the club's financial management, has stabilized the club's economic situation in different conditions.

The Ashura event has undoubtedly been one of the most influential historical events ever, but it has always had questions. Did the life of Imam Hussein’s elder brother have an impact on the Ashura event, or is it better to say whether the political life of Imam Hassan Mojtaba that represented peace with Mu’awiyah had an impact on the Ashura event? The present study aimed to investigate the causes of peace with Muawiya and the consequence of each causes and events from rational and traditionary views; and express Its impact on the Ashura events through three consequences. Based on the results, there are three causes: Fatigue of people from the war, lack of thought unity and divine duty. To this aim, rational and traditionary arguments are used.