معصومه حافظ رضازاده

Increasing environmental concerns, economic and social inequalities, and the resulting expansion of urban areas have been the factors that have led to attention to new urban design and planning strategies, including the smart urban growth strategy. The smart city growth theory, with its emphasis on mixed land use systems, development of public transportation systems, development from within, and diversity in housing types, etc., has been able to respond to the needs of citizens and targeted city development in all parts of the world and can be used as a new paradigm and a practical and tested model in future urban development plans. The present study seeks to identify the factors affecting the smart growth of Birjand city using the Fuzzy Cartographic Model (FCM). The research has an applied objective and is descriptive and analytical in nature. Field and library methods have been used to collect and provide the required information. The statistical population of the study is 25 experts in the field of urban studies in the field of research based on purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed based on Fuzzy Cartographic Model (FCM). Based on the research findings, transportation and access (6/29), protection of natural resources and green space (36/26), environment (25/2), and physical planning of lands (63/20) were identified as the most important indicators affecting the smart growth of Birjand city. Also, the items; air pollution, possibility of commuting at a reasonable cost, access to green space, existence of plant and biological diversity, with the highest factor loading

In recent years, urban challenges have emerged alongside increasing civic demands, prompting discussions around the concept of "the right to the city." Contemporary social and political transformations, including capitalist dominance and the rise of urban social movements, have led to evolving interpretations of this right. Therefore, the present study seeks to conceptualize and model the approach to the right to the city within the urban context, focusing on Yazd city as a case study.

This research employed a descriptive-analytical method and was categorized as applied research. Data collection involved both documentary review and fieldwork approaches. The statistical population comprised 515,659 citizens of Yazd, with a sample size of 325 determined using Cochran's formula. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26 software, the t-test, structural modeling, and AMOS 26 software.

The t-test results indicated that the examined components of the right to the city (namely control and ownership, urban vitality, and citizen participation) were in a suboptimal state, falling below the standard level. Pearson's correlation test revealed a positive and significant relationship among all dimensions of the study parameters. Moreover, structural model analysis identified the citizen participation index as the most influential factor in advancing the right to the city approach compared to other components.

The core components of the right to the city (control and ownership, urban vitality, and citizen participation) are in a generally unfavorable condition.

Considering the expansion of cities and the indiscriminate influx of population towards urbanization in the country, the need for proper design in order to provide safe, accessible and easy services is one of the priorities in urban planning and location. Gasoline fuel supply as the main factor of the energy cycle in the field of urban transportation, as well as its vulnerability and high impact as a result of the occurrence of accidents, the need to address the issue of location and location of the mentioned locations in cities, especially in border cities such as Zahedan is important due to the specific political, social, security and economic conditions. In this research, it has been tried to take a practical look at the issue of the effect of the five main criteria that are mentioned in detail in the text, considering the specific conditions of Zahedan city, the issue of establishing urban gas stations in terms of surrounding uses by using the model Fuzzy AHP should be investigated and evaluated. The reason for choosing this method is that it is more accurate than other similar methods. The document related to this topic is included in the article in its entirety with reference

Today, conscious participation is the focal point and central element in achieving good urban governance and sustainable development. In this regard, the aim of the current research is to Analysis the impact of participatory management on the dimensions of sustainability in the level of urban neighborhoods in Zabol city. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of the nature and method of research, it is a quantitative and survey method. The data needed for the research was collected by a documentary-questionnaire method. In this research, 2 types of statistical population were used. A) Citizens living in Zabol city as a sample community (134950 people) whose sample size was determined by using Cochran's formula as 383 people. b) Statistical population, specialists who were selected as a statistical sample based on the purposeful sampling of 20 people. SPSS software and models (EDAS and F-AHP) were used for data analysis. The results of the coefficient of variation test showed that in all the mentioned items, the middle and lower ranks have a higher percentage, in fact, the results indicate the poor state of participatory management in Zabol city. In the study of the correlation between the dimensions of sustainability (economic, social, physical and environmental) with participatory management at the local level of Zabol city, the chi-square test values showed that, there is a positive and significant relationship between all dependent variables with collaborative management at the 99% confidence level. Finally, the results of the effectiveness of each of the dimensions of the sustainability of the neighborhoods of Zabol based on the participatory management approach using the EDAS model showed the physical dimension with a weight of 0.98 and the environmental dimension with a weight of 0.011, respectively, they have assigned the highest and lowest rank.

Today, one of the central perspectives in the planning and design of public spaces is the discussion of gender justice in the design of these spaces. Over the past few decades, the relationship between gender and urban space has become one of the main debates in the world. Therefore, presence in public spaces is essential for all groups, regardless of gender, age, income level, job, etc. In this regard, the purpose of the present study; Spatial Analysis of the Position of Women in the Design of Public spaces (Case Study: Zahedan City Areas). This research in terms of applied purpose and in terms of nature and research method, it is a survey. The data required for the research were collected by documentary-field method (questionnaire and observation). The statistical population of the present study was selected using Delphi method of 20 local planners and elites and city managers and university professors from among (women). Fuzzy Mamdani model was used for data analysis. The results showed that the situation of the five areas of Zahedan in the dimensions of designing public spaces (semantic, functional, social and physical) is unfavorable. Also, the final results of prioritizing the areas of Zahedan city according to the dimensions of public spaces design using Fuzzy Mamdani model showed, area (one) of Zahedan city, given the final non-fuzzy value as the output of the fuzzy inference system, it is given priority.The results showed that the situation of the five areas of Zahedan in the dimensions of designing public spaces (semantic, functional, social and physical) is unfavorable. Also, the final results of prioritizing the areas of Zahedan city according to the dimensions of public spaces design using Fuzzy Mamdani model showed, area (one) of Zahedan city, given the final non-fuzzy value as the output of the fuzzy inference system, it is given priority.

The most regrettable form of urban development includes slums, shantytowns, and informal settlements that grow in gardens and agricultural lands on the urban fringe (adjacent to the legal boundaries and within the city's jurisdiction). These areas are characterized by narrow, winding alleys and poor sanitary conditions, and are constructed with basic materials (wood and mud) and unconventional ones such as cardboard, tin, plastic, car tires, and oil drums. This part of the city suffers from inadequate healthcare and educational services, high population density in substandard housing units, a lack of necessary comfort, and risks from natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, and fires. In this study, we first examine the laws related to the management of constructions by municipalities, rural districts, and sub-districts. Next, the supervisory and control mechanisms are assessed. The analysis continues with the SWOT model, a strategic tool for matching internal strengths and weaknesses with external opportunities and threats. This model provides a systematic evaluation to identify these factors and to develop long-term plans that create the best alignment between them. The long-term planning aims to maximize strengths and opportunities while minimizing weaknesses and threats. The hypothesis of this study is that weak construction and building regulations have led to the development of fringe settlements. By proposing revisions and improvements to these laws, it is possible to prevent the expansion of such settlements, thereby avoiding negative consequences and fostering a well-developed and comfortable city.

The purpose of this study is to; Study the Economic Role of Mirjaveh Border Corridors on Sustainable Urban Development Dimensions.This research is descriptive-analytic in terms of method and nature, and in terms of purpose it is an applied research.SPSS software was used to analyze the data.The statistical population of the present study is the households living in Mirjaveh city, and the sample size was determined using Cochran's formula 324 people.Investigating the four dimensions of sustainable urban development(economic, social, physical and environmental)separately in relation to the economic role of Mirjaveh border corridor is one of the innovations of this research. The results of chi square test showed that there is a significant and positive relationship between the economic and social development of Mirjaveh city and the economic role of the border corridor.The results of the multiple regression test showed that the economy of the border corridor significantly predicts physical development.The results of the one-sample T-test indicate the low economic role of the border corridor in the environmental development of Mirjaveh city.Finally, in order to investigate the significant difference between the economic role of the border corridor in terms of development, the statistical process of analysis of variance was used with the help of the general linear model, The results showed that the economic role of border corridors in the social and environmental dimension has a significant difference.The general conclusion of the research shows the impact of the economic role of Mirjaveh border corridor on the dimensions of development(economic, social and physical).

Urban governance seeks to limit the role of the government to the extent of harmonizing and guarding the laws and to reduce its direct interference in decision-making, administration and implementation of affairs related to people's daily lives. The purpose of this research is to investigate the status of good governance indicators in the urban areas of Zahedan. The research method of the research is descriptive-analytical and library and field method (questionnaire tool) was used to collect the required information. The statistical population of the research consists of the citizens of Zahedan, including 592,968 people. The sample size was calculated by Cochran's formula of 360 people and the questionnaire was completed according to the population of each region by a simple random method at the level of the regions. In order to compare pairs of each of the indicators of good urban governance, after obtaining the opinions of 17 experts who have full knowledge of the city under study, using model A. H. Fuzzy foundation has been applied to the weighting of each index. To analyze the collected data, SPSS software, one-sample t-test and TOPSIS fuzzy model were used. The findings showed that the indicators of good urban governance in the areas of Zahedan city are in an unfavorable situation. Also, the results obtained from prioritizing the five regions of Zahedan city with the Fuzzy Topsis model in terms of good urban governance indicators show that region 1 with a weight of 0.818 ranks first. Region 4 is in the fifth and last place with a weight of 0.000. Region 2 with a weight of 0.722, Region 5 with a weight of 0.636 and Region 3 with a weight of 0.289 are in the second to fourth ranks respectively in terms of good urban governance indicators.

 Today, urban furniture has been considered by city managers and planners due to its significant role in improving the quality of urban life. Therefore, a small change in the quality of each of its components has a direct impact on the quantity and quality of its components and other variables. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of urban furniture in regions 1 and 2 of Tabriz using fuzzy logic inference system in Matlab software environment. The present research is descriptive in terms of methodology and applied in terms of purpose. In order to collect data and information used in the research, the library and field survey method has been used. The components used in this study include two components of beauty and fit of urban furniture and urban furniture standard, each of which was examined in the form of three main indicators based on fuzzy logic inferences. The results showed that region 1 and 2 of Tabriz is not in a good position in terms of the quality of urban furniture with a score of 0.39 and 0.35, respectively, and has not been able to satisfy the people. Therefore, there is a need to review the approved urban furniture programs as well as to develop new programs based on the strengths and weaknesses of the areas under study.Finally, it should be noted that the use of comparative methods to assess the quality of furniture in different urban areas can provide a comprehensive view of recognizing the differences between areas in terms of urban facilities, the necessary planning to establish spatial justice between deprived areas and provided areas.

Today, managerial decentralization in urban development processes through the formulation of laws and processes in developed or developing countries is seriously discussed.Attention to participation in urban management has a major role in solving many problems and urban issues, and accordingly,one of the high priorities of urban management is to create opportunities for public participation.

Objective of the research:

The aim of the present study is to study the Grounded Theory,Organizing urban management through citizen participation(Case study:Zahedan city).

The present study in terms of purpose, Applied research and has a descriptive-analytical nature, also in terms of method, is in the group of qualitative research.Data collection method was interview and grounded theory method was used to analyze the data. Sample size for interviewing experts in the framework of theoretical saturation and using Targeted Sampling,20experts (specialists, university professors and Zahedan city managers), was selected.

Geographical area of research:

Includes the city of Zahedan in the province of Sistan and Baluchestan.

From the results of the interviews, 16 categories and 50semantic units were extracted, which were divided into three categories of conditions(Causal, contextual and intervening).The results showed that these three conditions along with each other have caused citizens not to participate in urban management.

The general results show that in order to deal with the lack of citizen participation in urban management, strategies should be used(use of mass media,creating new opportunities in the field of communication with urban management, economy with a plan or strategic economy,etc.)should be used.

Rural management has always undergone various changes. Today, this pillar is the responsibility of the rural municipality Foundation. The purpose of forming this institution is to have a strong executive force in order to develop rural areas. rural municipality, as the executor of village programs and projects, has an important role in reducing urban and rural inequalities and improving the development of the village. Determining the degree of success of rural municipality in performing tasks is possible when its performance is carefully measured. The purpose of this study is to assess the performance of rural municipality Foundation in terms of economic, social and environmental indicators in rural areas of Sarbisheh. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on data collection in the field through a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of heads of households (1931 households) in 30 villages with rural areas. The sample size at the level of heads of households was calculated using the Cochran's formula of 320 people. The result of one-sample t-test showed that the best performance of rural areas is significantly less than 0.05 in terms of social indicators with an average of 3.78. Also, a significant difference was observed between the studied villages in the field of social indicators with a significant level (0.008), economic indicators with a significant level equal to (0.004) and environmental-physical indicators with a significant level (0.047). In terms of social performance, Dehneh Chah village with an average of 4.43, in terms of economic and environmental performance, Baghestan village with an average of 3.90 and 4.16 are in first place. The study of paired t-test with a significance level of less than 0.05 and an average difference of (-1.271) indicates that the situation of rural development indicators has become more appropriate after the establishment of the rural municipality Foundation.

Regeneration, a contemporary approach within the realm of urban restoration, encompasses a broad range of aspects, encompassing both physical and social structures. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the state of urban regeneration indicators in Zahedan city.

The study was conducted during 2023-2024, employing a questionnaire as the research instrument. This questionnaire consisted of 4 indices, specifically focusing on socio-cultural conditions (9 items), economic prosperity (8 items), environmental condition (9 items), and physical condition (8 items). A 34-item questionnaire was devised employing the Likert scale. The validity of the research instrument was assessed by disseminating a questionnaire to 24 urban planning experts. Reliability of the indices was evaluated using Kröbnach's alpha. Subsequently, the collected data was subjected to analysis using SPSS 25 software, employing one-sample T-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).

The index of social and cultural conditions displayed a favorable status, exhibiting an average of 3.287. Similarly, the environmental condition indicated a favorable state with an average of 3.389, and the physical quality demonstrated a favorable condition with an average of 3.321. Conversely, the economic prosperity index portrayed an unfavorable situation, with an average of 2.715. The city areas of Zahedan exhibited a significant disparity in terms of sustainable urban regeneration. Notably, the index of socio-cultural conditions displayed the highest discrepancy, while the index of economic prosperity showcased the lowest variation.

The results highlight the favorable status of the environmental, socio-cultural, and physical indicators, juxtaposed with the unfavorable state of the economic prosperity index.

 Today, continuous measurement and evaluation of changes and social consequences resulting from the activities of free industrial and commercial zones in the surrounding population centers, especially in developing countries, is an unavoidable necessity in reducing negative social consequences as obstacles in realizing social stability and The security of these activities. Therefore, the purpose of the current research is to evaluate the effects of commercial-industrial free zones on the development of social indicators (welfare and security) in Chabahar city. The current research is an applied research according to its purpose, a descriptive and non-experimental research according to the method of data collection, and finally, according to the method of execution, it is a survey type. In order to conduct this research, two documentary and field methods have been used to prepare information and analyze and integrate them. The data collection tool of this research is a questionnaire (made by the researcher). The dimensions and indicators examined in this research include two dimensions of security and social welfare and 13 indicators. The statistical population of this research includes the residents of the four districts of Chabahar city (106,739 people), the sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula and the number of (382) people was determined with an error of (0.05). SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results of Spearman's correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the variable (commercial-industrial free zone) and dimensions (social welfare and social security) at the 99% confidence level. The results of the regression analysis showed in a step-by-step manner that 95% of the changes in the dependent variable (social welfare and social security) are explained by the independent variable (commercial-industrial free zone).

This study examines the effect of a neighborhood-based approach in urban redevelopment, focusing on regions 4 and 5 in Zahedan. The research employs both qualitative and quantitative methodologies and uses the SPSS and Expert Choice software to analyze data. Results from the Expert Choice indicate that recreating worn-out urban fabric should prioritize a neighborhood-centered approach, with the social dimension, specifically the index of resident turnout, scoring the highest (0.112), followed by the economic front, particularly the Location Units with points index (0.157). To investigate the role of socio-economic dimensions in regenerating the worn-out urban fabric in Zahedan regions 4 and 5, stepwise multiple regression was used, revealing a significant relationship between the independent variables (economic and social dimensions) and dependent variable (recreation) at P=0.05. Additionally, the Chi-square test found a positive and significant relationship between socio-economic variables, the neighborhood-based approach, and recreation in the study areas (significant level of 0.000 for all variables).

Free trade-industrial zones as a stimulus for economic development in many countries ultimately leads to the development and social welfare of the people of the region. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the effects of free trade-industrial zone on the social justice in Chabahar city. The present analytical research was an applied research in terms of purpose and it was a survey research in terms of the method. Data collection was done in two ways: library studies and field studies (questionnaire). The statistical population included residents of Chabahar (106739 people) from which 382 people were selected as the sample using the Cochran's formula. The questionnaires were distributed in the four districts of Chabahar city in terms of population ratio. Data were analyzed using (SPSS), (AMOS) and Combined Human Development Index (HDI). The results of the Spearman correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the free trade-industrial zone variable and the dimension social justice at 99% confidence level. The results of regression analysis showed that 95% of the changes in the dependent variable (social justice) is explained by the independent variable (free trade-industrial zone). Also, the results of the structural model of the research using AMOS software indicated that the relationships between social justice indicators are significant. Finally, the results of the Combined Human Development Index (HDI) showed that among the four districts of Chabahar city, the second district with a rate of (81.4) is in a semi-privileged condition; it is in a better condition than other districts.

Proximity of Chabahar Free Trade-Industrial Zone with Chabahar city it has caused changes in various dimensions, especially the social dimension for this city and the surrounding areas. This study reviews and prioritizes urban areas of Chabahar with an emphasis on the impact of free tradeindustrial zones on the improvement of social indicators.

The present study in terms of purpose, is a developmental research and the research method is analytical and based on library, documentary and field studies. The statistical population of the present study includes the residents of the four areas of Chabahar (106739 people) whose sample size was calculated using the Cochran's formula and the number (382) people was determined. I distributed questionnaires in the four districts of Chabahar city in terms of population ratio. Data analysis software (SPSS) and Fuzzy ELECTRE model were used.

The results of regression analysis showed that all items of social dimension with a level of 99% confidence have a significant relationship with the free trade-industrial zone. Also, the results of the test (ANOVA) showed that because the significance level is less than (0.05), it can be said with 0.95 confidence, among the areas of Chabahar city, There is a significant difference in terms of the impact of the free trade zone on the development of social indicators. Finally, the results of prioritization of Chabahar city areas with emphasis on the impact of free trade-industrial zone with the focus on the development of social indicators using the fuzzy electricity model showed that (Area 2) is in the priority.

The general results show social indicators affected by commercial-industrial free zones cause spatial differences in urban areas of Chabahar and different levels of social development can be seen in the city.

the purpose of the present study is to An Analysis of the Functional Role of Small Cities in Having Sustainability Dimensions Domain of Influence Cities (Case study: Spake and Benet in Nikshahr city). The dominant approach is the qualitative and quantitative research space and the type of applied research. The results of Friedman test to investigate the impact of Nikshahr city on sustainability dimensions in the Cities of influence (Benet and Spake) showed, the physical and social dimension has the highest score (in Benet) and the environmental dimension has the lowest score in both cities. The results of the study of the impact of Nikshahr city on four dimensions in Benet and Spake cities using binomial test showed that the status of economic, social, physical and environmental dimensions are not the same in both Benet and Spake cities. To analyze the relationship between development dimensions, path analysis test was used, The results show a significant and direct relationship between developmental dimension. Finally, one-sample t-test was used to investigate the effect of factors and forces on reinforcement of small town of Nikshahr in order to enhance regional development. The results showed that the four components studied with a significant level of less than 0.05, are effective in strengthening the city of Nikshahr in order to strengthen the development of the affected areas.

Today, special economic zones have a special role and position in sustainable regional development. So that according to the statistics and figures inside and outside the country, these regions have a significant impact on sustainable development in the form of various indicators. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to analyze the sustainability dimensions of the villages around the Ramshar Sistan Special Economic Zone. This research is a survey in terms of applied purpose and in terms of the nature and method of research. The data required for the research have been collected by documentary-field method (questionnaire). For data analysis, SPSS software and Fuzzy BWM model were used. The results of Spearman correlation test showed that the relationship between Ramshar Special Economic Zone and dimensions of sustainable development (economic, social, physical, environmental) is significant and positive. The results of FBWM model showed that among the proposed dimensions, the economic dimension with a weight of 0.351 has the highest weight. Finally, the results of spatial analysis of villages around Ramshar Special Zone showed that the villages (Sakoheh with a total aggregation of 3.612, Dost Mohammad Haji with a total aggregation of 3.546, Saeed Khan with a total aggregation of 3.556), they are ranked first to third.

The Smart City According to the latest theories of urban management, it is a city based on information and communication technology to best serve citizens.Therefore, the research has analyzed the indicators of smart city in Zahedan city.The type of research is applied and based on descriptive-analytical approaches. Library and field methods have been used to collect information.The statistical population of the study was based on the 2016 census of citizens of Zahedan(587730 people) and the sample size using Cochran's method was 384 people with a reliability of 0.894. Data analysis was performed using one-sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis in SPSS and mapping was performed using ARCGIS capabilities. One-sample t-test results show that among the indicators examined in Zahedan, the smart people index with an average of 2.96 had the highest score and the smart governance index with an average of 2.56 had the lowest score, which is lower than the desired level (3).ANOVA test results showed that the indices smart city and five districts in the city of Zahedan except in from the smart environmental index, there is a significant relationship.The results of multiple regression analysis showed that among the indicators and the implementation of smart city smart city there is a significant relationship, In this regard, the smart mobility index with a beta value of 0.236 has the highest impact and the smart people index with a beta value of 0.209 has the least effect on the realization of the smart city in Zahedan.

Marginalization as one of the urban problems and affecting social security and providing a crime scene has always been the focus of city officials and relevant organizations. The purpose of this study is the factors affecting the formation of security in car settlements in Zahedan. The present research is of applied type and descriptive-analytical research method. Research data were collected by survey method using a questionnaire using a questionnaire. The statistical population is 694285 people of Zahedan and according to Cochran's formula, the sample size was 382 people. Data analysis was performed by Games-Howell post hoc tests, regression and one-sample t-test. According to the results, the level of security in car settlements in Zahedan is lower than the average level and higher than the unfavorable situation. Therefore, the security situation in car settlements in Zahedan is at a relatively unfavorable level. Also, the findings showed that the residential security situation in region one is significantly different from other regions and the region is in a more favorable situation than other areas of Zahedan. Zone two is in a better position than zone three and its difference with zones 4 and 5 is not significant at 95% confidence level. Also, zone three is in a more unfavorable situation than zone four and has a relatively similar situation to zone five. In this respect, regions four and five are in a similar situation.

Today, tourism is one of the most important industries in the world, which also plays a key role in the development of cities. Therefore, planners seek to use new and principled methods for its development in the future. In this regard, this study intends to plan for the development of tourism in Ardabil based on the method of future research. The present study is descriptive-analytical in nature and applied in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this research is experts familiar with tourism in Ardabil city, 10 of them have been used as a selected sample of the research by snowball method. In this research, content analysis model (CVR), structural equation model (interaction analysis), scenario writing method and combined model PESTEL and SWOT have been used. In this regard, the results of the study have shown that the variables of human resources, sanctions, specialized management, health services, education, planning, diversification and competitiveness are the driving forces of this research. Also, out of many scenarios, 5 strong scenarios were obtained, 2 of which are optimistic. In the most optimistic state, tourism in Ardabil will be developed on the horizon of 1420. In this regard, the offensive strategy is the chosen strategy of research. Finally, it can be concluded that various factors are involved in the development of tourism in Ardabil, which is necessary in any planning for the development of tourism in Ardabil to pay attention to the key and fundamental role of these factors and in accordance with the extraction scenarios, Developed appropriate strategies.

Green architecture is one of the new trends and approaches in architecture that has been considered by many designers, managers, urban planners and building designers in recent years. This new architecture, which arises from the concepts of sustainable development, seeks to adapt and harmonize with the environment, one of the basic human needs in today's world. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the fulfillment of criteria and principles of green architecture from the perspective of citizens as the main actors of Rasht. . Finally, for data analysis, SPSS software, one-sample t-test and Excel software were used. Then, using the sustainability barometer model, the sustainability of green architecture in Rasht was measured from the citizens' point of view. Research components include energy conservation, working with climate, reducing the use of new resources, respect for the site, respect for users. The results show that the sustainability of green architecture was average (0.48); This indicates the unfavorable situation in all components of green architecture in the city of Rasht. But the point to consider in this weak stability (0.396) is the energy protection component compared to other components; This is due to the lack of change and culture in the use of new energy.Question:1. What effect does environmental harmony have on green architecture?2. What effect does environmental compatibility have on green architecture?Target:1- Green architecture has a sustainable effect on the environment.2. Green architecture has a tremendous impact on harmony with the environment

The purpose of this study is to investigate and evaluate the principles and impact of passive defense in land management in Zahedan. The research method is descriptive and analytical and is based on library, documentary and field studies. TIn the following, Expert Choice software has been used to review and rank the actions of the effective principles of passive defense on land management. Among the measures proposed in all principles, evaluation of vulnerable areas of Zahedan city against the threat with a weight of 0.342, action of accurate interaction of three elements of population, performance and scale of Zahedan city with a weight of 0.654, action to determine safety and protection standards And defense with a weight of 0.578, action to observe the economic nature of the plans and not impose a high cost with a weight of 0.352, action to define and assess the degree of security for each plan against the threat with a weight of 0.582, action to investigate The possibility of separating systems in terms of feasibility, economic, technical and safety with a weight of 0.289, the use of technical standards resistant to critical and sensitive structures with a weight of 0.312, the action of checking points Safe in the safe geographical area of Zahedan city with a weight of 0.432, Finally, the priority of the needs and centers to the vital and sensitive facilities with a weight of 0.398, have the highest weights.

The priority of any city is to ensure the security of citizens living in that city. One of the reasons for the rapid development of smart cities is the possibility of monitoring citizens and ensuring their security. In this regard, the present research to Explanation and Analysis of Urban Security in the Framework of Smart Infrastructure and Facilities (Case study: Semnan City.( This research is a survey in terms of applied purpose and in terms of nature and method of research. The data required for the research were collected by documentary-field method (questionnaire and observation). SPSS software and Fuzzy AHP model were used to analyze the data. The results of regression analysis indicated that there is a significant relationship between the facilities and infrastructure of intelligence and security promotion in Semnan, at a level of confidence above (0.99). Also, the results of the path analysis test indicated that all 14 items studied, at the level of (P=0.000) (confidence percentage) are directly related to improving the security of Semnan. Furthermore, the results of one-way analysis of variance test indicated that due to the fact that the significance level is more than (0.05), it can be said with (0.95) confidence that among the areas of Semnan in terms of the impact of facilities and smart urban infrastructure and there is no significant difference in improving the security of Semnan. Finally, the results of the fuzzy AHP model for ranking each of the dimensions of security in the city of Semnan in the framework of facilities and infrastructure of intelligence indicated that economic security with a normalized weight of (0.432), have the highest rank. The results indicate that smart urban facilities and infrastructure have a significant impact on improving the security of Semnan.