مهدی مظفری

COVID-19, which appeared in December 2019, has impressed the whole world. The corona virus had far-reaching effects on all health care systems and has had a direct impact on almost all areas of human life in all countries of the world, which has led countries to take various public and social health measures. Making decisions during the coronavirus pandemic has numerous challenges. In this study, a multi-criteria decision-making method called DEMATEL was used to identify and prioritize effective interventions in the control of the COVID-19 pandemic.

 Effective interventions to control COVID-19 were identified using literature review, and these factors were then ranked employing DEMATEL. Furthermore, three experts specialized in DEMATEL methodology were requested to rank 21 influential factors identified based on the relative importance.

The results of this study showed that prompt and timely public health measures (20/238), home quarantine for patients and carriers (20/130), appropriate patient tracking with the implementation of Shahid Soleimani plan (19/383), the availability of health services and social services during the quarantine (19/239), and educational interventions regarding public acceptance of the vaccine (19/161) are the most important effective interventions in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.

The results of the study showed that 21 interventions were effective in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic .According to the identification and prioritization of effective interventions obtained from this study, using DEMATEL method, it is possible to control coronavirus infection in the community with high accuracy.

Solid waste landfill site selection requires proper studies and management practices, and many criteria affect the site selection of suitable landfill, not paying attention to them can cause severe environmental pollution and harm to humans. Several criteria have been proposed to select the appropriate site for landfill, each of them cause specific restrictions and requirements for location. In other words, each criterion is based on scientific fields, so that such studies have found multidimensional identity and interdisciplinary structure.

In this study, the most important criteria affecting the landfill site selection based on lecture review and study of various guidelines have been identified. In this study, in addition to introducing these criteria, the importance of each of the mentioned criteria in the site selection of municipal landfill is discussed. For all these criteria, numerical values ​​of appropriate thresholds were also investigated in different studies.

Some of the most important criteria are slope, bedrock, faults, distance from surface water sources, depth of groundwater, dominant wind, rainfall, protected areas, distance from urban and rural settlements, land use, distance from road network. Locations and distance from historical and ancient centers.

Due to the lack of a coherent study on the importance of criteria and thresholds, this study could be used as a model for landfill site selection considering the environmental characteristics of the area by researchers and decision makers.

 the concept of lifestyle has recently been considered by thinkers and experts. Islam, which pays attention to all aspects of human life, established the Islamic way of life. Islamic teachings and organizational literature of these organizations and theoretical models of lifestyle should be presented.

the method of present research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of combination type (qualitative, quantitative) and in terms of survey psychology. The statistical population of this research is all employees of one of the security organization, of which 354 as a sample size through the table Morgan was calculated and obtained by systematic probabilistic sampling. To collect data, first the dimensions of the subject in the research were extracted by interviewing experts and the data were collected using a researcher- made questionnaire.

the results showed that in the first place religious and religious identity affects the way of life and behavior of employees and their life style. Secondly, the type of group calls in the virtual social network has an impact on lifestyle, but the staff of the security organizations use the necessary supervision in this area. In the third place, the employees of security organizations pay attention to cultural and national identities and in this regard, try to adapt the life style and work patterns to social and national values.

In this research, using FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) from Cd/Te quantum dot (anti Ochratoxin A antibody immobilized on the external surface of quantum dot or QDs) to (Ochratoxin A labeled with Rhodamine 123 bound to albumin), a sensitive competitive immunoassay was developed for measuring Ochratoxin A. The highly specific immune-reaction between anti-Ochratoxin A antibody on the QDs and labeled Ochratoxin A brings the Rho fluorophore and the QDs in close spatial proximity, and following photo-excitation of the QDs, causes FRET to occur between the Rho fluorophore (acting as the acceptor) and the QDs (acting as the donor). In the absence of free Ochratoxin A, the immune reaction between labeled Ochratoxin and the anti-Ochratoxin antibody on the QDs induces emission and causes FRET to occur. In the presence of free Ochratoxin A, it competes with the labeled Ochratoxin A-albumin complex for binding to the antibody-QDs conjugate in the Nanobiosensor, leading to reduction in Rhodamine emission after FRET. The reduction in the fluorescence intensity of the Rhodamine acceptor directly correlates with the concentration of free Ochratoxin A in the sample. This method has a detection limit of 220pg per ml. It has also been used to measure Ochratoxin A in human serum samples. A linear relationship is found between the increase in the fluorescence intensity of Rho 123 at580 nm and the concentration of OTA in spiked samples over the 100-800 pg⋅mL−1 concentration range. This highly sensitive homogeneous competitive detection scheme is simple, rapid and efficient. It does not require multiple separation steps and excessive washing.

The purpose of present research is the comparison of two new methods of ochratoxin detection i.e. cadmium tellutide quantum dot and nanoparticle magnetic silica based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) from cadmium telluride quantum dot to RHo123. Nano particle magnetic silica was synthesized using FeCl3 and FeSO4 under nitrogen flow, alkaline pH and addition of TEOS solution. As a new method, in order to add a functional group, we used APTES, and to increase these groups and elevate its effectiveness, it was subjected to glutaraldehyde. The specific immune-reaction between the anti-ochratoxin antibody on the quantum dot and the labeled-ochratoxin brings the Rho 123 fluorophore (the acceptor), and the quantum dot (the donor (in close spatial proximity and causes FRET to occur upon photo-excitation of the quantum dot. In the absence of unlabeled ochratoxin, the antigen-antibody complex is stable and strong emission of quantum dot is observed. In the presence of free ochratoxin, it will compete with the rhodamine labeled ochratoxin -albumin complex (as a bionanosensor) for binding to the antibody- quantum dot conjugate, and thus, FRET is increasingly suppressed. There is a linear relationship between the decreased fluorescence intensity of Rho 123 in 580nm with increasing concentration of ochratoxin present in the sample in the range 8 - 48 pg /ml. By using the magnetic silica Nano particle, a signal intensifier rise sensitivity of the system from 22 to 0.8pg/ml, which is a 275-fold increase. This highly sensitive homogenous competitive detection is simple, rapid and efficient. It does not require multiple separation steps as well as excessive washing.

Considering the geographical location and climatic conditions solar energy can be used in Ilam province. The main objective of this study is prioritization of various districts of Ilam province for exploiting solar energy. Because of the necessity of taking economic, technical, social, and environmental constraints into account in solar site analysis, the map of Nan exploitable regions is extracted based on the defined constraints such as minimum distances from protected areas, power transmission lines, distance from residential areas, and etc. In order to identify the capability of different regions , 4 criteria and 11 sub-criteria were defined and the relative weights of defined criteria and sub-criteria is also determined applying fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) technique based on the judgments of eperts team include academic, governmental and industrial relative eperts. Next, by overlaying the prepared criteria layers, the final map of prioritization of different regions of Ilam province is developed. Based on the political divisions, investigation and analysis of the results have been presented for a total of 18 districts of the province, where each district stands in one of the five defined classes of excellent, good, fair, low, and poor level.