فهرست مطالب مهندس ناصر اسلامی

Human rabies is preventable by prompt post-exposure prophylaxis. The total number of rabies vaccine doses administered during post-exposure prophylaxis is 5; given on days 0, 3, 7, 14 and 30. The aim of this study was to measure the durability of rabies neutralizing antibody in exposed persons treated 14–17 years ago and to investigate the effect of 2 boosters of rabies vaccine. This study was conducted in 2 phases. In phase 1 blood samples were taken from 100 rabies vaccine recipients 14-17 years after they had received the vaccine. In the 2nd stage of the studies 30 volunteers from the first phase of the study were divided into 2 groups of 15 subjects each; the first group was given 2 booster doses of the vaccine intra-dermally on days 0 and 3. In the 2nd group the 2 doses were administered through the intramuscular route; blood samples were collected 10 days after the booster doses. Rapid Focus Fluorescent Inhibition Test (RFFIT) was used for measuring the antibodies in both phases. The rabies neutralizing antibody was detected in the sera of all 100 individuals who had received the rabies vaccine, 85% of whom demonstrated titers ≥0.5 IU/ml. In the groups who received the booster doses, serology results demonstrated higher rabies neutralizing antibody titers in persons who had received the two booster injections intradermally. This study confirms the persistence of rabies neutralizing antibody for at least 14 years after a full course of primary post-exposure prophylaxis; furthermore two booster inoculations of Vero rabies vaccine on days 0 and 3, given intradermally resulted in a sharp increase in the level of antibodies, indicating that two boosters could protect against rabies after a repeat exposure.

Rabies is fatal viral encephalitis in warm blood animals. Mazandaran province had been the 2nd most rabies contaminated province in Iran in 1993, therefore selected for the following study. The aim of this study was to assess the rate of rabies prevalence, the causes affecting the increase or decrease of rabies, human rabies cases and their causes, frequency of animal bites and the species of the responsible biting animals, and evaluation of the trend of rabies due to control measures, in Mazandaran province. This retrospective study was performed based on the data for human and animal cases of rabies according to the data of WHO collaborating center for reference and research on rabies, Pasteur institute of Iran and the records of rabies post-exposure treatment centers in Mazandaran during 11 years. The diagnostic method is direct immunofluorescent and for final confirmation the MIT, RTCIT methods used. A questionnaire consisting; the number of bitten individuals, the sort of treatment, the species of the responsible biting animals and the morbidity due to rabies, were filled and assessed. The data obtained, showed that from a total of 657 suspected rabies cases in this province, 406 were positive and 251 negative, the most positive cases, respectively were, bovines cow and dog. Meanwhile in the recent decade a total of 52300 persons bitten by animals and were received post-exposure treatment, and four persons died due to rabies. This survey showed that, rabies is prevalent in geographical condition of Mazandaran province, but implementation of rabies control, such as eliminating of reservoirs and carriers, immunization of owned animals, educating and notification people, could decrease the risk of the disease.