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The family is one of society's main pillars and institutions. The internalization of values and norms begins in the family. Nevertheless, the family may suffer from traumas such as divorce, marital disputes, suicide, runaway children, and domestic violence. Meanwhile, domestic violence, or violence in the private sphere, is a phenomenon that shakes and destroys healthy family relationships that are necessary for the survival and strengthening of the family. A review of theoretical and empirical background shows that a positive, mindful, and compassionate treatment effectively internalizes feelings of shame and avoids experiences. However, it is unclear which interventions is more effective and stable over time. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and sustenance of the effect of positive mindful–based and compassion–based therapies on feelings of internalized shame and experiential avoidance in abused women.

The present study was applied in terms of purpose and quasi–experimental in terms of nature, and it employed a pretest–posttest with a 3–month follow–up design using several study groups, including a control group. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all women victims of domestic violence who were members of safe houses in Shiraz City, Iran, in 2019–2020. A total of 30 people were considered in this study in 3 groups. Since there is a possibility of some participants falling and also in similar studies, the volume of 15 people in each group has been suggested. In this study, 60 samples were selected and divided into three groups of 20 people (40 people in two experimental groups and 20 people in one control group). After selecting the samples, the participants were explained the subject, the courses, their goals, and the research's ethical considerations. The control group waited during this period, and no treatment was applied to them. After 3 months of re–testing, a follow–up test was performed on participants. Assessment tools included the Experience Avoidance Questionnaire (Bond et al., 2011) and the Internalized Shame Scale (Cook, 1988). One group received the Hoffman et al. (2014) positive mindfulness intervention in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, and the other group received the Gilbert (2010) compassionate therapy experiment in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. The control group did not receive any intervention. The obtained data were analyzed by variance analysis with repeated measurements and a Bonferroni post hoc test with a significance level of 0.01 using SPSS software.

The results showed that compassion–based therapy and positive mindfulness therapy effectively internalize feelings of shame and avoid experiences (p<0.01). Compassion–based treatment is more effective than mindfulness therapy in reducing internalized shame and avoiding experiential experiences (p<0.01).

Compassion–based therapy and positive mindfulness–based therapy can be used as a preventive and remedial measure in increasing the mental health and quality of life of women victims of domestic violence.

The statistical population in this research includes all the employees of the Islamic Advertising Organization, Bushehr Municipality, Bushehr Governorate, as well as companies active in the field of urban advertising, as well as construction companies active in the field of urban appearance, such as contracting companies in the year 1403 active in the field of advertising and urban management, possibly were considered simple, and using Cochran's formula, 340 people were selected as a statistical sample out of 2980 people. The research hypotheses were tested using SPSS 26 and Smart PLS 4 software, and the results showed that the participation and social responsibility of citizens has a significant relationship with the management of urban advertising and the development and evolution of the image of Bushehr city, as well as the relationship between social participation Citizens with the management of urban advertising and the development and evolution of Bushehr's appearance with the path coefficient of social participation on the two variables of urban advertisement management and patterns of development and evolution of the urban appearance were confirmed as 0.503 and 0.167, respectively, with a probability of 95%. In the following, it was found that the relationship between the social responsibility of citizens with the management of urban advertisements and the development and evolution of the image of Bushehr city was confirmed with a probability of 95% with the path coefficient b of 0.133 and 0.979 for the two variables of urban advertisement management and the patterns of urban image development and evolution.

understanding perspective is an active cognitive process in which people must overcome their self-centered perspective.

The aim of this study was to conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of couples therapy based on self-discipline and acceptance and commitment on the husband's understanding point of view in married women.

The present study is a semi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and follow-up with control group. All married women referring to counseling and psychotherapy centers in Bushehr in 2018-2019 formed the statistical population of the study, which was selected by purposeful sampling of 60 people and randomly assigned to three equal groups.Therapeutic interventions were applied during 8 sessions (1 session of 90 minutes per week) for each experimental group, but the control group did not receive any intervention. To collect the data, Long's wife's understanding perspective scale (1990) was used.  For data analysis, spss software version 26 and mixed variance analysis method were used.

The results showed that both treatments based on self-discipline and acceptance and commitment were effective in increasing understanding in married women (P<0.01) and the effectiveness of two methods of couple therapy based on self-discipline and couple There was no significant difference between treatment based on acceptance and commitment on Fahmi's perspective in married women (P<0.05).

Couples therapy interventions based on self-discipline, acceptance and commitment can be available to family counselors as affordable and easy intervention programs with the aim of increasing understanding and the quality of marital relationship

The rising divorce rate in Iranian society is a clear sign of the turmoil in marital life in Iranian families and the use of effective interventions to control this turmoil is essential. Therefore, this study was conducted to comparison of the effectiveness of couple therapy based on self-regulated and acceptance and commitment on Perspective-Taking and Marital Target Orientation of married women.

The present study is a quasi-experimental of pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up. All married women referring to counseling and psychotherapy centers in Bushehr in 2019-220 formed the statistical population of the study, with by available sampling, 60 people were selected and randomly assigned to three equal groups. Therapeutic interventions were applied to the experimental groups in 8 sessions (2 sessions of 90 minutes per week), but the control group did not receive any intervention. The Other Dyadic Perspective-Taking scal (ODPT) and Kansas Marital Goals Orientation Scale (ODPT) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance with repeated measurements

The results showed that both treatment methods have Increased the perspective-taking and marital target orientation in married women (P<0.05). Also, benferroni post hoc test results showed that there is no significant difference in the effectiveness of two methods of couple therapy based on self- regulated and couple therapy based on acceptance and commitment on the dependent variables of perspective-taking and marital target Orientation (P<0.05).

The use of interventions based on self-regulated and acceptance and commitment can increase the Perspective-Taking and marital target orientation in married women.

The aim of this study was to examine Comparison of the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation program based on prospective memory and emotion regulation program on behavioral problems a of students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. This study was semi-experimental pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with control and experimental group. The statistical population consisted of chidren with ADHD who had been referred by the schools to the counseling Center of Boushehr provinces in 2019-2020 school year. Of these, using convenience sampling and considering the requirements of the research project based on Conner's Parents Rating Scale (CPRS, 1960) and the fifth Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder (DSM-5), 45 students were selected and assigned to two experimental group and a control group. Conner's Parents Rating Scale (CPRS, 1960) were utilized. The cognitive rehabilitation experimental group received 8 sessions (60 minutes each) of group training and emotion regulation experimental group received 18 sessions (60 minutes each). For statistical data analysis, variance analysis with repeated measures is used. Findings showed that cognitive rehabilitation and emotion regulation training have a significant effect on on behavioral problems of students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and this effect remains unchanged in the two-month follow-up phase. Finally, we may conclude that cognitive rehabilitation and emotion regulation training, as an effective and functional intervention, could be used to improve inhibition and attention performance of students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

The purpose of this study was to prediction of job performance based on work-family conflict, sense of coherence feeling, psychological empowerment and responsibility and emotional intelligence in staff Bushehr ports and maritime organization. The descriptive- correlation method was used. The quantitative- correlation method was used. The statistical population consists of all staff ports and maritime organization Bushehr city in year 2020 to 1700 people. In this study, according to convenience sampling 400 students were selected as samples and they were asked to job performance questionnaire of Paterson (1992), work-family conflict questionnaire of Carlson and et al (2000), sense of coherence questionnaire of Flensborg-medsen and et al (2006), psychological empowerment questionnaire of Spreitzer and Mishra (1997), social responsibility questionnaire of Carroll (1991) and self-report emotional intelligence scale of Schutte and et al (1998). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multivariate regression with using SPSS version 24 was investigated. Findings showed that there was negative and significant correlation between work-family conflict with job performance (P<0/01). There was positive and significant correlation between sense of coherence feeling, psychological empowerment and responsibility and emotional intelligence with job performance (P<0/01). Regression analyses also revealed that %51/1 of variance of job performance was explained by coherence feeling, psychological empowerment and responsibility and emotional intelligence. This study confirmed the significant contribution of coherence feeling, psychological empowerment and responsibility and emotional intelligence in job performance.

Today, human resources is considered the most vital strategic element and the most fundamental way to increase the effectiveness of the organization. Therefore, increasing citizenship education is an inevitable necessity for any organization. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of the new group reality therapy approach and the approach based on acceptance and commitment on citizenship education among the employees of Bushehr city.The current research method is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test, post-test and control group design. The statistical population was all the employees of Bushehr city in 1400. The sample of the research was 45 employees who were selected by the available sampling method and were randomly placed in experimental groups (acceptance and commitment and reality therapy) and control. The citizenship education questionnaire (Tabesh, 2013) was used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that reality therapy and an approach based on acceptance and commitment increased the citizenship education of the experimental groups compared to the control group (P<0.001). The results of the Bonferroni post hoc test showed that the effect of the approach based on acceptance and commitment on seeking participation, responsibility, self-confidence and citizenship education was significantly more than the education based on reality therapy. It is concluded that both reality therapy methods and acceptance and commitment are effective for improving employee citizenship education and these interventions can be used to increase organizational productivity.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating cognitive-behavioral game therapy on alexithymia and reducing aggression in students with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The current study was experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included all students with hyperactive/inattentive disorder in Kermanshah city, from which a sample of 30 people was selected using convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The tools of this research included cognitive behavioral game therapy protocol, Eysenck's Aggression Questionnaire (1975) and Toronto Alexithymia Questionnaire (1994). The treatment program was implemented for eight sessions of 30-45 minutes duration twice a week. The findings of covariance analysis showed that the cognitive-behavioral game therapy program significantly reduced emotional problems, alexithymia and aggression in children with hyperactivity/inattention disorder. Finally, the results showed that play therapy can be used as a suitable method to reduce children's emotional and behavioral problems.

A review of theoretical and empirical backgrounds shows that positive mindfulness-based therapy and compassion-based therapy have been effective in emotion dysregulation and avoidance of experiments. But it is not yet clear which of these interventions will be more effective and more stable over time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and continuity of the effect of positive mindfulness therapy and compassion therapy on experiential avoidance and emotion dysregulation in women victims of domestic violence. The present study was an applied One related to the purpose and in terms of design a quasi-experimental one with pre-test and multi-group post-test with a  control group and a follow-up of three months. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all women victims of domestic violence who were members of safe houses in Shiraz in 2009-2010. Assessment instruments included Granefski, Kraaij & Spinhoven's emotion regulation questionnaire (2001) and Bond et al's experience avoidance questionnaire (2010). One group received the Hofmann, Wu & Boettcher (2014) Positive Mindfulness Intervention, and the other group received the Gilbert (2010) Compassionate Therapy Experiment in 8 sessions of 90 minutes each, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and Benferoni method. The results showed that compassion-based therapy and positive mindfulness-based therapy are effective on emotion dysregulation and avoidance of experiments (p<0.01). Compassion-based therapy is more effective than mindfulness therapy in reducing emotion dysregulation and avoiding experimental experiences (p<0.01). It seems that compassionate therapy and positive mindfulness therapy can be used as a preventive and remedial measure in increasing the mental health and quality of life of women victims of domestic violence.Conflict of interest: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this manuscript.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of schema mode therapy and impulse control training on self-control and behavioral-emotional self-efficacy in children with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. The research method was quasi-experimental: pretest-posttest and follow-up (2 months) with the control group. The statistical population of this study was all male students aged 10 to 17 years in Shiraz in the academic year 2019-2020. The research sample was 60 male students with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder who were selected from male students who had a high score in Laporte et al.'s (2019) screening questionnaire by multi-stage cluster random sampling method and in two experimental groups and control group (20 people in each group) were assigned. The research instruments were structured clinical interview, adolescent emotional self-efficacy questionnaire (Dacre Pool & Qualter, 2012), behavioral self-efficacy (Choi, Fuqua, & Griffin, 2001) and self-control scale (Tangney, Baumeister & Boone, 2004). The collected data were statistically analyzed using repeated measures covariance analysis. The results showed that both subjective schema therapy and impulse control training had a significant effect on increasing self-control and behavioral-emotional self-efficacy in children with disruptive mood disorders (P≤0.001). The results of Bonferroni post hoc tests showed that there is a significant difference between impulse control training and schema mode therapy in emotional self-efficacy scores (P≤0.001). However, there was no difference in behavioral self-efficacy and self-control between the experimental groups in the post-test and follow-up stages.

This study aimed to determine the effects of contextual schema therapy on the interpersonal sensitivity and coping self-efficacy of socially anxious female adolescents. The current study was conducted using a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a one-month follow-up phase. The statistical population includes all 15- to 16-year-old female pupils of the second secondary level in the city of Borazjan in the academic year 2021-2022. Students initially performed the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), after which 40 students with higher social anxiety scores than the other subjects were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (20 individuals in each group). The participants then performed the Interpersonal Sensitivity Scale (ISS) and the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES) prior to the intervention. The experimental group then received eight 70-minute virtual training sessions, whereas the control group received no intervention. After the final session, the post-test was administered, followed one month later by the follow-up. Analysis of Variance with Repeated Measurement was used to analyze the data in SPSS version 25. The results demonstrated that contextual schema therapy is effective in reducing interpersonal sensitivity and enhancing coping self-efficacy, and that this effect is long-lasting (p < 0.01). According to the findings of the study, therapists and clinical specialists should consider contextual schema therapy as an effective treatment strategy for social anxiety disorder.

Mothers of children with Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder face significant challenges. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based parenting education and parenting based on positive psychology on emotion regulation, resilience and mother-child relationship in the statistical population of mothers with children with disabilities. Attention / hyperactivity 8 to 12 years old boy in Tehran in 1399-1400 was a quasi-experimental research method with a pre-test-post-test design with 2 expriences group and one control group. By available sampling, 45 volunteer mothers were included in the study and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The research instruments were the Graz and Roemer Emotion Difficulty Scale, the Conroy-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Pianta Mother-Child Relationship Scale, which included parenting and commitment training based on Kevin and Morrell and Seligman's Positive Psychology training. To analyze the data, descriptive indices (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate analysis of covariance) were used in SPSS software version 22. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the parenting group based on acceptance and commitment, the parenting group based on positive psychology and the control group in the mean score of emotion regulation and mother-child relationship. But there was no significant difference in the mean resilience score, so counselors are advised to use the findings of the present study in line with clinical interventions to help better emotion regulation increase resilience and improve the quality of mother-child relationship in mothers of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder.

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of parenting education based on acceptance and commitment and parenting based on positive psychology on the mother-child relationship. The research design was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with two experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population was the mothers of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder aged 8 to 12 years old in the 6th, 5th, and 2nd districts of Tehran city, in 2014-2016, and their number was 300. Using the available and targeted sampling method, 45 volunteer mothers were included in the study as the final sample size and were completely randomly divided into two experimental groups and a control group The tools of the current research are the mother-child relationship scale of Pianta (2011), the educational content of parenting based on acceptance and commitment by Kevin and Morrell (2009), the content of Seligman's positive psychology educational course. (2005). In order to analyze the data, descriptive indices (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (univariate analysis of covariance) were used in SPSS software version 22. The findings indicated that, between the educational group of parenting based on On acceptance and commitment, there was a significant difference in the mean score of the mother-child relationship between the parenting training group based on positive psychology and the control group .parenting education based on positive psychology had a greater effect on mother-child relationship in mothers of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder than parenting education based on paternalism and commitment

Undoubtedly, the birth and presence of an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) child in any family is an unpleasant and challenging event and prevents the performing of the parent's normal functions. Mothers of children with special needs, especially ASD, experience more psychological problems. There is much evidence that mothers of these children experience higher levels of general anxiety than mothers of other exceptional children. Frustration and deprivation due to the child's abnormality cause isolation, disinterest in relating to the environment, low self-esteem, a feeling of worthlessness, and low parenting self-efficacy. Eventually, this situation causes depression and endangers the mother's mental health. The present research aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy with coping strategies training on increasing self-esteem and parenting self-efficacy in mothers of ASD children.

The quasi-experimental study has a pretest-posttest and follow-up design with a control group. The study population consisted of all mothers whose children were treated and educated in ASD education centers in Booshehr City, Iran. In total, 30 willing and volunteered to participate in the study were selected and randomly assigned to three groups (acceptance and commitment therapy, coping strategies training, and control group, each group was 10 people). The experimental groups participated in 8 sessions once a week for eight continuous weeks, while the control group did not receive treatment. The inclusion criteria included not having severe physical illness and maternal psychosis, having a child with ASD being treated and studying in one of the educational centers for children with autism, and having at least primary education for mothers. The exclusion criteria were the symptoms of mental disorder during the training session, and receiving psychiatric treatment and, having a history of receiving cognitive-behavioral training, absence from two or more sessions in the intervention program. The instruments for gathering required data consisted of Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) and Parenting Self-Efficacy Scale (Dumka et al., 1996). The obtained data were analyzed at the level of descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (repeated measure analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test) at the significant level of 0.05 in SPSS version 16 software.

Results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy and coping strategies training significantly improved mothers' self-esteem and parenting self-efficacy in the experimental groups compared to the control group (p<0.001). The effect of both interventions was significant from the pretest to the posttest (p<0.001) and from the pretest to follow-up (p<0.001). But it was not significant from the posttest to the follow-up (p>0.05). Also, no significant difference was observed between the average scores of the experimental groups in the variables of self-esteem (p=0.668) and parenting self-efficacy (p=0.056).

According to the study findings, both interventions are effective in increasing self-esteem and parenting self-efficacy, and there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of these two interventions. Therefore, therapists can use these two therapeutic and educational approaches, especially acceptance and commitment therapy, a new wave of cognitive-behavioral treatments.

in recent decades, new perceptions of beauty have been defined and beauty is defined as attractiveness and perfection. The aim of this study was to determine the fit of the structural model of the relationship between the tendency to cosmetic surgery with a negative body image and irrational beliefs mediated by cognitive emotion regulation in women applying for cosmetic surgery in Bushehr.

The present study was correlational and structural equation model study. The statistical population of this study is all women applicants for surgery who referred to beauty clinics in Bushehr in 2020. The sample size consists of 400 women who were selected by available random sampling method. Data collection tools were, tendency to cosmetic surgery (Etemadifar & Amani, 2013), Body image (Littleton, 2005), irrational beliefs (jones, 1969) and cognitive emotion regulation (Garnefski, 2001) questionnaires.

The results showed that negative body image and irrational beliefs predicted the tendency to cosmetic surgery in women by mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. Also, data analysis showed the appropriateness of the indicators and indicated a good and acceptable fitness for the hypothesized model. The findings of the structural model showed that the path of negative body image and irrational beliefs with cognitive emotion regulation is significant directly and with a tendency to cosmetic surgery mediated by cognitive emotion regulation.

The results of this study can introduce a protocol for psychotherapists and counselors in providing specialized counseling to women seeking cosmetic surgery to correct irrational beliefs and cognitions and teach coping styles to reduce negative body image and irrational beliefs and increase cognitive emotion regulation.

The aim of this study was to examine Comparison of the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation program based on prospective memory and emotion regulation program on executive functions of students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

This study was semi-experimental pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with control and experimental group. The statistical population consisted of chidren with ADHD who had been referred by the schools to the counseling Center of Boushehr provinces in 2019-2020 school year. Of these, using convenience sampling and considering the requirements of the research project based on Conner's Parents Rating Scale (CPRS, 1960) and the fifth Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, 45 students were selected and assigned to two experimental group and a control group. The omission error and commission error sub-scales of the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA), Test and The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test were utilized. The cognitive rehabilitation experimental group received 8 sessions of group training and emotion regulation experimental group received 18 sessions. For statistical data analysis, variance analysis with repeated measures is used.

Findings showed that cognitive rehabilitation  and emotion regulation training have a significant effect on on executive functions of students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and this effect remains unchanged in the two-month follow-up phase.

Finally, we may conclude that cognitive rehabilitation and emotion regulation training, as an effective and functional intervention, could be used to improve inhibition and attention performance of students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

today human resources is considered the most vital strategic element and the most fundamental way to increase the effectiveness of the organization. Therefore, increasing psychological capital is an inevitable necessity for any organization. The purpose of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of modern group reality therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on psychological capital among the employees of Bushehr city.

The current research method is semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test and control group design. The statistical population was all the employees of Bushehr city in 2022. The sample of the research was 45 employees who were selected by available sampling method and were randomly divided into two experimental groups (acceptance and commitment therapy and reality therapy) and control. Psychological capital questionnaire (Luthans, 2007) was used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).

The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that modern group reality therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy increased the psychological capital of the experimental groups compared to the control group (P<0.001). The results of post hoc Bonferroni test showed that the effect of treatment based on acceptance and commitment on self-efficacy, resilience psychological and capital was significantly higher than training based on reality therapy (P<0.05).

It is concluded that both modern group reality therapy methods and therapy based on acceptance and commitment are effective for improving the psychological capital of employees and these interventions can be used to increase organizational productivity.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of positive mindfulness on internalized shame, experiential avoidance, and emotion dysregulation in women who experienced violence. The current research was applied in terms of its purpose and in terms of its nature, it was a semi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test with a control group and a three-month follow-up phase. The statistical population of the present study consists of all women victims of domestic violence who were members of safe houses in Shiraz in 2018-2019, 30 people were selected in a targeted way and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Measurement tools included Garnevsky et al.'s Emotion Dysregulation Questionnaire (CERQ, 2001), Bavand et al.'s Experiential Avoidance (AAQ-II, 2011), and Cook's Internalized Shame Questionnaire (ISS, 1987). The experimental group received Hoffman et al.'s (2014) positive mindfulness intervention in 8 sessions of 90 minutes twice a week, and the control group did not receive any intervention. To analyze the data, analysis of variance with repeated measurements was done with SPSS 26 software. The results of the one-way analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference between the post-test score and follow-up of internalized shame, experiential avoidance, and emotion dysregulation in the control and experimental groups (p<0.01). 44% of internalized shame, 75% of experiential avoidance, and 36% of emotional dysregulation are explained by positive mindfulness therapy. As a result, it seems that positive mindfulness treatment is effective on internalized shame, experiential avoidance, and emotion dysregulation.

Chronic diseases such as diabetes have a complex origin, slow onset, and unpredictable deterioration and recovery that requires self-care due to the long process. Diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, is one of the major threats to human health in the 21st century. This disease is one of the global problems and the main cause of death and disability. Uncontrolled diabetes often leads to complications such as heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, blindness, kidney disease, and amputation. Despite the cost of preventing and controlling diabetes, the number of patients is increasing every day, which seems to be a weakness in the psychological and self-care variables of these patients. Diabetes is at the heart of behavioral issues and psychological factors. And society plays a vital role in its management. Therefore, the study of psychological factors affecting this disease can be effective in controlling it. One of the most important psychological factors associated with diabetes that has been considered by researchers is the meaning of life. The meaning of life deals with the category of purpose or goals of human life in this world. A goal is a location and time that the person or other creature is looking for. Having a goal and using it among people helps them to seek the meaning of life in life. Research shows that there is a significant relationship between low hope and depressive symptoms. One of the effective treatments for people with chronic diseases is self-care. In this treatment, instead of focusing on changing people's self-esteem, people's relationship with their self-esteem changes. Self-improvement exercises emphasize relaxation, calm mind, self-compassion, and mindfulness, which will play an important role in calming the mind, reducing stress and negative spontaneous thoughts. In addition, compassion-focused therapy helps reduce clients' psychological problems by increasing internal awareness, acceptance without judgment, empathy, and constant attention to inner feelings. The effectiveness of this therapeutic approach on improving coping with stressful situations and reducing self-criticism, self-destructive thoughts, and rumination in patients has also been confirmed. Another therapeutic approach used for patients is positivist group therapy. Comparing different therapeutic interventions and finally choosing the best type of intervention based on the research results can be helpful. Among these, according to studies, the therapeutic approaches in the present study, ie positive psychotherapy due to focus on strengths and abilities on the one hand and compassion-focused treatment due to creating a sense of responsibility and self-worth on the other hand, can be effective in the field that for more certainty and to determine a stronger type of intervention in the present study, we seek to compare these interventions. In general, the results of this study can be used both theoretically and practically in medical science health centers, diabetes research centers, doctors, psychiatrists and psychologists, and scientific research centers such as universities.

The method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with control and follow-up groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients with type 2 diabetes in Bushehr in 1399, from which 45 people were selected by available sampling method and randomly in two experimental areas (15 people in each group) and The control group (15 people) was replaced. One experimental group was taught 8 sessions of the self-compassion therapy program and the second experimental group was taught 6 sessions of positive psychotherapy. The data collection included the meaning of life questionnaires of Steger et al. (2006), Hurts life expectancy (1992), and self-care behaviors of Diabetes Tobert, Hampson, and Glasgow (2000). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test.

The results showed that both self-compassion and positive psychotherapy treatment programs increase the meaning of life, life expectancy, and self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes (P<0.05).

The results showed that both treatments cause significant changes in the meaning of life, life expectancy, and self-care behaviors in patients with type 2 diabetes in the post-test and follow-up period and differ in the effectiveness of both. There is no intervention type. In other words, both types of treatment are beneficial for patients with diabetes. The findings will be explained below: The first finding of the study showed that both treatments increased the meaning of life in patients in the experimental groups. In this regard, it can be said that compassion itself has appropriate coping resources that help people to face the negative events of their lives. Self-compassion enhances the ability to interact with others and provides a clearer quality of dealing with emotions. Therefore, it can be said that injured people, by learning new sources of coping, can effectively and efficiently deal with the negative events of their lives and show good adaptation. Self-compassion is one of the most important components of mental health and has capabilities that people can achieve happiness and psychological well-being by learning and performing related skills. The second finding of the study showed that both treatments increased the life expectancy of patients in the experimental group. In the present explanation, it can be stated that although the presence of illness causes major psychological damage to the individual, but in the meantime, self-compassion training can act as a motivating force for the individual. Compassion in itself leads to increased social communication and reduced self-criticism, reduced rumination, reduced thought suppression, anxiety, and stress, as well as psychological balance, all of which play a key role in increasing their life expectancy. Thus, flexibility in thoughts and kindness to oneself causes people to have a realistic judgment about themselves, to analyze their functional shortcomings, and to make appropriate decisions to address them. The third finding of the study also showed that there was a significant difference between the self-care behaviors of patients in the experimental and control groups. In the present explanation, it can be stated that negative ideas and attitudes about themselves are the main part of the change, and through the treatment of compassion, individuals learn to apply new experiences that this It promotes ideas such as alternative and more adaptive burdens; adaptive adaptation to unpleasant events such as chronic illness by focusing on assessing that situation increases patients' ability to make new connections. See ideas, organize information, integrate, and come up with new solutions to problems. In other words, increasing self-compassion leads to more self-care.

 Marriage is one of the most important interpersonal relationships that many people experience and it is a social institution based on which a man and a woman decide to live together as a couple through a legal, religious and moral obligation. They get married based on specific goals and wish to experience a stable and satisfying life. But when couples live a stable and satisfying life, they also experience conflicts in their life together. Marital conflicts are one of the common problems of couples and is due to the inconsistency of the couple in the type of their desires and expectations. Communication beliefs are also one of the factors that affect couples' relationship and according to Beck (1970) when our irrational beliefs decrease and logical beliefs replace them, marital satisfaction and compatibility will also increase. As long as couples are not aware that these thoughts are irrational and are somehow accustomed to these beliefs, they downplay and ignore their role in creating marital problems.Also, one of the effective factors in women's mental health in the process of marital life is their satisfactory sexual desires and reactions, which include physiological, psychosocial, developmental and sexual response dimensions. Understanding this cognition is problematic due to the specific research limitations, but the durability and stability of an important part of the marital relationship according to the values and norms approved by society, depends on sexual intercourse (frequency and type) between men and women and the couple talk about sex , Sexual desires and preferences and the discovery of other sexual preferences, have a great impact on establishing a marital relationship. Self-expression, which means "the ability to express feelings, thoughts and beliefs, and to defend one's rights in logical ways," has three dimensions of the power to express emotions; The power to articulate good and bad beliefs and thoughts and to make strong and clear decisions is the power to stand up for one's rights and not allow others to harm or abuse one's personal weakness. Obviously, not expressing feelings and emotions, in many cases, causes long-term sexual problems.Therefore, one of the interventions that can be used and researched in the case of people with marital conflicts is the emotional security model. The results of a study showed that emotional security training has a significant effect on women's marital conflict and its dimensions. Other findings of this study showed that emotional security training affects both dimensions of will and mental well-being neuropathy. In addition, in the case of emotion-oriented couple therapy, which is a method that is close to and somewhat overlaps with the method of emotional security, the results of Davarnia et al.'s(2014)research showed that emotion-based couple therapy training has reduced women's marital burnout. In fact, emotional security training focuses on increasing effective feelings about attachment, moderating self-esteem, and relieving oneself of unpleasant emotions such as shame. Weber is effective in increasing the emotion of happiness and reducing marital conflict.Therefore, considering the effect of emotional security training on couples' emotions and attachment, the important role of women in the family and their impact on other family members and the importance that marital beliefs, expression and sexuality can play in women's marital conflicts. Researchers and psychotherapists in Iran have not paid much attention to these preventive methods, including teaching emotional security to couples, and these methods need more scientific study. As a result, the question of the present study is whether emotional security training has a significant effect on marital beliefs, expression and sexual activity in women with marital conflicts?

In this quasi-experimental study, 50 women with marital conflicts were selected by the purposive sampling method and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Eight 90-minute sessions were held for the experimental group for 4 weeks and the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. Participants were measured by the Barati and Sanai (1996) Marital Conflict Questionnaire, the Idelson-Epstein (1982) Communication Beliefs, the Halbert Sexual Index (1992), and the Rosen et al. (2000) Sexual Performance Index.

The results of analysis of covariance, repeated measures test, and Bonferroni post hoc test showed that the scores of beliefs about Marital Relationship among the experimental group decreased significantly, but in the control group there was no significant decrease and the scores of Sexual Expressiveness and function among The experimental group had a significant increase, but in the control group there was no significant increase, so there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups. The follow-up results also showed that the effect of educational intervention was still stable.

The results of this study showed that emotional safety training has a significant effect on beliefs about marital relationship,sexual expressiveness ,sexual function in the experimental group who received the educational intervention, compared with the control group who did not receive educational intervention Significant changes were experienced in the dependent variables and also the follow-up results showed that the effect of educational intervention in the experimental group was still stable. Therefore, the hypotheses were confirmed. As a result, based on the evidence of the present study, this educational program can be used to improve the beliefs about marital relationships and sexual expressiveness and function in women with marital conflicts. The Emotional safety training Training Program helps couples become aware of each other's perceptions by providing awareness of their beliefs and perceptions in the relationship. It then uses behavioral techniques (active listening and empathy) to create a healthier perception and clearer relationships.Teaching Behavioral Techniques Increases Positive Interactions such as Identifying and Expressing Emotions, Expressing Needs and Desires Instead of Expecting Mindfulness, Apologizing, and Forgiving When Angering, and Managing Conflict Instead of Withdrawing Couples' relationships become clearer, resulting in negative beliefs. Marital relationships are improved and marital conflicts are reduced.People also learn to increase their verbal and non-verbal interactions, to show sexual self-expression, including touching, hugging and kissing in relation to their spouse, and to express their thoughts and desires and be more physically close.Therefore, although these trainings do not deal directly with sexuality, but by promoting self-esteem, reducing negative emotions such as shame and increasing positive emotions and expressing them, the ground for increasing women's sexual activity is provided. The main limitation of this study is the taboo nature of sexual issues in society, and for this reason, some participants were cautious in their answers. Therefore, it is suggested that other researchers use this type of research with other effective intervention strategies on beliefs about Marital Relationship, Sexual Expressiveness and function in women with marital conflicts.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between irrational beliefs and early maladaptive schemas with tendency to cosmetic surgery in women seeking cosmetic surgery. The method of the present study was a correlation model of structural equation model. The statistical population of this study included all women applicants for cosmetic surgery who referred to beauty clinics in Bushehr 2020/1399. The sample size consisted of 400 women who were selected by available sampling method. Data collection tools were, Tendency to Cosmetic Surgery (Etemadifar & Amani, 2013/1392 s.c.), Irrational Beliefs (jones, 1969), Early Maladaptive Schemas (Young, 2005) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation (Garnefski, 2001) questionnaires. The results showed that irrational beliefs and maladaptive schemas predicted the tendency to cosmetic surgery in women by mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. Also, data analysis showed the appropriateness of the indicators and indicated a good and acceptable fitness for the hypothesized model. The findings of the structural model showed that the path of irrational beliefs and maladaptive schemas with cognitive emotion regulation is significant directly and with a tendency to cosmetic surgery mediated by cognitive emotion regulation.The results of this study can introduce a protocol for psychotherapists and counselors in providing specialized counseling to women seeking cosmetic surgery to correct irrational beliefs and cognitions and teach coping styles to reduce irrational beliefs, modification of early maladaptive schemas and increase cognitive emotion regulation.

The purpose of this research was the effectiveness of metacognitive therapy on experiential avoidance, uncertainty intolerance and positive metacognitive beliefs in women with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The current research method is semi-experimental and the design used in this research is a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a follow-up period. The statistical population of the research was all women suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder who referred to counseling and psychotherapy centers in Tehran in the months of February and March of 2021. The research sample included 30 women with obsessive-compulsive disorder who referred to counseling and psychotherapy centers in Tehran between February and March of 1400. Data were collected using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Questionnaire (1989), the Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire by Bond et al. (2011), the Intolerance of Uncertainty Questionnaire by Friston et al. Obtained. In this research, the protocol of Wells (2000) was used to perform metacognitive therapy, which was performed once a week for 8 sessions of 90 minutes on the experimental group. The data was analyzed using the method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements and SPSS software.

The findings showed that metacognitive therapy on experiential avoidance (F=13.53, P<0.001), uncertainty intolerance (F=65.25, P<0.001), and positive metacognitive beliefs (F=75.86, P<0.001) was effective in women with obsessive compulsive disorder.

It can be concluded that metacognitive therapy was effective on experiential avoidance, intolerance of uncertainty and positive metacognitive beliefs in women with obsessive compulsive disorder, and this therapy can be used to reduce the problems of obsessive-compulsive patients.

Sexual distress is a destructive factor in marital relationships, so if the right interventions are used, this sexual problem can be prevented. The purpose of this study is the effectiveness of the indigenous package of enriching marital relations on sexual distress of working women in Shiraz, 2020-2021. The research method was clinical trial with pre-test and post-test design and 8 and 12 week follow-up with two experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all married women working in several government agencies in Shiraz in 2020. 120 women with sexual dysfunction were selected by purposive sampling method and were divided into experimental and control groups, which resulted in 79 final samples. 40 people were in the experimental group and 39 people were in the control group. All of these women applied to participate in training sessions to enrich couple relationships (4 sessions of 2 hours) which were purposefully selected and randomly divided into two groups. In this study, a sexual distress questionnaire (Dragatis, et al., 2008) was used to collect information. Analysis of statistical data was performed by SPSS22 software at both descriptive and inferential levels. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the scores of sexual distress in the research stages and the native package of enrichment of marital relationships has improved the quality of sexual intercourse and reduced sexual distress in the experimental group compared to the control group (p> 0. 001). Therefore, the indigenous package of enriching marital relations has played a significant role in promoting women's sexual relations.

Marital infidelity is one of the most important factors threatening the performance, stability, and continuity of marital relationships. Marital infidelity refers to any sexual or emotional relationship beyond the framework of a committed relationship between two spouses, and research shows that about one-third of men and a quarter of women are likely to have sex at least once in their lifetime. Engage in extramarital affairs. Hidden relationships outside of marriage cause feelings such as depression, anger, frustration, lack of self-confidence, loss of identity, and feelings of worthlessness in a betrayed spouse. Marital infidelity also causes feelings of doubt, depression, and guilt in the unfaithful spouse. Couples who are treated for marital infidelity are more likely to separate and divorce than couples who present with other problems. Marital infidelity is one of the main reasons that bring couples to family counseling clinics for divorce. Research has shown that the harmful consequences of infidelity can last for a long time and may last forever, unless the couple receives proper treatment. One of the most important changes that can be made in the life of couples with extramarital affairs is to reduce the symptoms of depression and improve their sexual function psychologically, and it seems that the scheme of schema therapy can be effective in this regard. Various cognitive factors are influential in marital incompatibilities. One type of cognition that is important in a marital relationship is maladaptive schemas. Incompatible schemas are structures that are formed based on reality or experience and, as mediators, affect individuals' behavioral responses. Schemas are considered undeniable intellectual structures that are used as a framework for processing experiences. These schemas expand over time and define thoughts and relationships with others. According to Beck, early maladaptive schemas are essentially valid examples of traumatic childhood experiences that gradually become patterns of distorted thoughts and dysfunctional behaviors, and since the beginning of life, they are brought up in a habit and remain unquestioned, often forming human self-conceptions and views of the world. Even when there is evidence that schemas are refuted, many people distort their information to preserve the validity of the schemas. The usefulness of schema therapy in the treatment of severe marital problems and common problems in maintaining intimate relationships between couples has been confirmed. Considering the effectiveness of couple therapy based on the schema model and also the lack of research in Iran to evaluate its effectiveness on women affected by infidelity, in this study we tried to evaluate the effect of couple therapy based on the schema model on depressive symptoms and sexual function in women affected by infidelity in Bushehr should be examined.

This research is in the group of quasi-experimental researches which was approved by Bushehr University of Medical Sciences with ethics code IR.BPUMS.REC.1399.169. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all women affected by infidelity in Bushehr who had been referred to counseling and family therapy centers in Bushehr. The sample consisted of 30 people (15 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). In the present study, the library method was used to review research sources and the field method was used to collect information. Both groups completed the research tools in the pre-test and post-test stages. Research instruments included Beck and Stear's (1996) Depression Inventory and Rosen et al.'s (2000) Sexual Function Questionnaire.

The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that couple therapy based on the schema model had a significant effect on reducing depressive symptoms and improving sexual function in women affected by infidelity. Based on the effect size coefficient, 71.1% of the variance of the dependent variables of depressive symptoms and sexual function can be explained by the independent variable of couple therapy based on the schema model.

The use of schema-based couple therapy can play an important role in reducing depression and improving sexual function in women affected by infidelity. Schema-based couple therapy is an approach consisting of cognitive, behavioral, interpersonal, attachment, and experimental approaches in the form of an integrated treatment model that uses four main cognitive, behavioral, relational, and experimental techniques in individuals in addition to questioning maladaptive schemas. This is the main cause of the formation of dysfunctional and irrational thoughts, emotionally drains the buried negative emotions and emotions and often leads to depression. It has been found that there is a theoretical link between early dysfunctional schemas and depressive symptoms. For example, the perfectionist schemas of emotional inhibition, social isolation, self-development, impairment, and emotional deprivation appear to be associated with depressive disorder. Therefore, recognizing these schemas and changing them has important clinical implications. In fact, by identifying depressive schemas in women affected by infidelity, they can be targeted for treatment, and with therapeutic interventions focused on schemas, they can be changed and corrected. Also, in explaining the effect of schema-based couple therapy on improving the sexual function of women affected by infidelity, it should be noted that in schema therapy, through behavioral techniques, clients are allowed to have intimacy with their lives by sharing memories. Bitter and unfortunate and allow the spouse to approach. Therefore, it can be said that couple therapy based on schema model through cognitive, emotional, and behavioral strategies can correct the schemas of the first people that lead to an increased tendency to marital infidelity and decreased marital satisfaction, and as a result, the person acquires enough power to stop marital infidelity and increase intimacy with the spouse. Therefore, it can be said that the couple therapy effected on depressive symptoms and sexual function in women affected by infidelity. It seems that schema-based couple therapy, by affecting intimacy and marital forgiveness, has a positive effect on increasing couples' sexual intimacy and will improve their sexual function. Although in this study, an attempt was made to reduce the disturbing variables and possible biases by randomly assigning the subjects to the experimental and control groups, but the most important limitation of this study was not to use follow-up. Another limitation was the limitation of the sample to couples referring to the Welfare Counseling Center in Bushehr.

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of schema modes therapy and Impulse Control Training was performed on the impulsivity and self-control of adolescents with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder.

 The experimental method and design of the present study were pre-test-post-test and multi-group follow-up. The statistical population of this study consists of all adolescents aged 10 to 17 years old in Shiraz who are studying in the schools of this city in the academic year 2019-2020. The sample consisted of 60 male adolescents with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder among the male adolescents who scored high on the self-report scale of the Achenbach child behavior inventory and the disruptive mood dysregulation disorder Laporte et al. Multi-stage cluster random sampling method was selected from education areas of Shiraz and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and a control group. The research instruments were structured clinical interviews, the self-report scale of the Achenbach child behavior Inventory, the self-control scale by Tangney and et al, and the Impulsiveness of Patton et al scale. The collected data were statistically analyzed using repeated measures covariance analysis.

The results showed that group training of subjective schema modes therapy and impulse control training was effective in reducing impulsivity and increasing self-control of adolescents with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (P≤0.001).

Therefore, it can be concluded that subjective schema modes therapy and impulse control training can be used as appropriate intervention methods along with drug therapy.