میلاد منصوری

Recent political, security, military, and economic developments in the region have forced Saudi Arabia and the Zionist regime, despite their many differences (geographical, historical, cultural-religious, and governmental system), to exert influence on regional governments. Upgrade. The main purpose of this research is to identify the main components influencing and facilitating the relations between Saudi Arabia and the Zionist regime in the framework of neo-realist theory and understanding the threats posed by these relations on the security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this research, descriptive and analytical methods have been used to gather information from library and documentary sources and in order to collect scientific observations and research findings, the theoretical approach of power balance has been used. For Waltz, the balance of power is a fundamental factor in harnessing strong actors in international relations, and in fact, it is the structure of the international system and the necessity of survival. The main issue of the research is that the relations between Saudi Arabia and the Zionist regime can be explained and evaluated in the framework of neo-realist theory? The main hypothesis of the research is in response to the question that the components facilitating the relations between Saudi Arabia and the Zionist regime are based on the neorealist approach based on exploiting the system of balance of power, using political, economic, security and military opportunities for unity. Coherent governments in controlling Iran's regional and international power can be explained and evaluated.

In today's world, the speed of urbanization is increasing, and with this development, cities replaced a large part of agricultural and forest land. This factor caused the surface temperature of the city to be higher than its surrounding environment and created problems such as the heat island, which significantly affects the air quality and, subsequently, the public health of the society. In this research, the thermal island of the studied area, the process of changes, and its effects were investigated. In this way, Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images for the years 1990 to 2020, as well as software such as ENVI, ARC GIS, and GOOGLE Earth, were used, and the temperature change and hot and cold spots during thirty years were investigated and evaluated. The results were classified and categorized according to the desired goals and showed that the temperature is high in dense, barren, industrial uses, and lower in the parts with vegetation. During 30 years in Sari, the surface temperature and the number of hot spots increased. Most hot spots are concentrated in high-density areas and dense urban constructions while the cold spots in the images are mostly in the outskirts and parts outside the city, which are mostly covered by vegetation and open space; so, the extent of hot spots in 1990 was 14,300 square meters, and in 2020 it reached 267,660 square meters. Based on these results, it can be said that the number of human-made uses has increased in Sari, and more hot spots have appeared in this city and are still increasing.

Urbanization changes natural landscapes to human-made spaces and uses. With the expansion of cities, many of these spaces give way to roads, buildings and urban facilities and cause changes in different levels of the city, and these changes have very important effects on weather conditions (Shamsipour et al. 2013: 59). )The development of urbanization is one of the effective factors in increasing the air temperature in urban areas, which causes the creation of thermal islands in these places compared to the surrounding environment. This factor can have a negative effect on air quality and endanger the general health of society. (Mousavi Baighi et al., 2010. 190). What is considered as a fundamental defect in monitoring the temperature of the earth's surface is the lack of sufficient meteorological stations to know the temperature values. Today, this shortcoming has been solved by remote sensing and it can cover a large area of the earth's surface.

The study area is Amol city. The city of Amol is located in the Mazandaran province and the sides of the Heraz River with a height of 76 meters above sea level at 52 degrees and 21 minutes east longitude and 36 degrees and 25 minutes north latitude and at a distance of 70 kilometers west of Sari, the capital of the province, 18 kilometers south of the Caspian Sea and 6 It is located one kilometer north of Alborz mountain and 180 kilometers northeast of Tehran.In this research, Landsat 8 satellite images and Landsat 5 satellite images were used for 1990 in order to extract the land use map and surface temperature of 2020. In order to remove the effect of cloud cover from the images as well as the high intensity of sunlight, the desired images were taken from the summer season. Google Earth software was used for better accuracy of images, ENVI 5.3 software was used for atmospheric and radiometric corrections, and finally ARC GIS 10.8 software was used to prepare relevant maps.Using the atmospheric correction model (FLAASH), the data were qualitatively controlled and the radiometric error of the satellite images was corrected. In order to obtain a statistical set that represents the spectral pattern of land cover, training data must be selected before supervised classification of images. At this stage, information from the uses and topographical maps of the region were prepared using the visual interpretation of the images for all five floors, to prepare educational data for use in supervised classification operations. Maximum likelihood classification method was used for land use classification. This method is considered a part of the supervised methods for classification and for this purpose it uses a set of training data. In this method, after evaluating the probabilities in each class, the pixels are assigned to the classes that have the most similarity, and if the probability values are lower than the introduced threshold, they are considered as unclassified pixels.After that, the brightness temperature of the sensor is done by converting the digital values of band 6 in Landsat 4 and 5 and also band 10 in Landsat 8 to spectral radiance and converting the spectral radiance to the brightness temperature of the sensor in terms of Kelvin.Then, red and near-infrared bands were used to calculate NDVI to obtain the normalized vegetation difference index. After calculating NDVI we need to get Emissivity. Emissivity is the amount of reflection of a phenomenon relative to the black body. Then the land surface temperature (LST) is calculated. By using LST, it is possible to calculate the temperatures near the surface of the earth. In order to know and evaluate the correctness and accuracy of the classification, the user's accuracy, overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient were calculated in 1990 and 2020.

In this research, in the first step, the classification and the resulting changes were done in a specific time frame in Amol city and its surroundings. The classification results indicate that the classification in both periods, especially in 2020, was highly accurate, and its kappa coefficient and overall accuracy were at their highest coefficient, i.e. 100.After classification, the changes obtained in the area were examined for a period of 30 years and the changes were extracted for each land use in terms of hectares. The change of use from agriculture to the city and also from the city to roads and streets have the most changes. These changes indicate that the increase in urban use has caused a decrease in agricultural use and the size of urban areas has increased.Using Landsat satellite images, the temperature of the earth's surface has been studied in relation to land use and the results showed that the temperature is different in different uses. The highest temperature recorded for the years 1990 and 2020 in Amol city is related to urban use, the recorded temperature of which is 32.6 and 40.5, respectively, which shows the concentration of heat in urban areas. Urban use has the highest temperature due to the presence of man-made factors and heat absorbers such as asphalt, concrete and the presence of machinery. Also, the presence of tall buildings acts as a barrier to the heat escaping to the surroundings and in some way traps the heat inside the cityWith the development of urbanization in Amel city, a significant part of the area of natural and forest areas has been replaced by industrial areas, buildings and other infrastructures. The lowest temperature recorded in Amol city is related to forest use with 23.8 and 28.4 degrees Celsius. In forest areas, due to high albedo, high humidity and more open space, the temperature is lower and heat absorption is low there.The relevant researchers and experts in the region can use the results of this research to obtain information about the temperature of the earth's surface, land use, and also the changes that have occurred in the region, In order to predict the future situation of the region, they will take appropriate and correct policies.

The developments of the current decade in the region have prompted China and Saudi Arabia, despite the numerous differences (geographical, historical, cultural, religious, and system of government) between them, to utilize each other's capacities in Asia in order to confront the challenges they face. The main objective of this article is to identify the main components and elements influencing and facilitating the China-Saudi Arabia relations in the framework of the neo-realist theory and understand the threats to the security of the Islamic Republic of Iran that result from these relations. This descriptive analytical research used library and documentary resources for data and information collection, and employed the theoretical approach of the balance of power to scrutinize and systematize the scientific observation and research findings. Waltz believes that the balance of power is the fundamental factor controlling the more powerful actors in international relations and allowing the survival of the weaker states. The main question in this study is this:" Based on which components in the framework of the neo-realist theory can the relations between Saudi Arabia and China be explained and evaluated?" The results suggest that systemic development, changes in the units (states), the approaches used by world powers, the necessity of making rational decisions, common sources of threat, common and cumulative sources of power, and achievement of economic, political, and military benefits are the components influencing and facilitating China-Saudi Arabia relations

In recent years, the international community has witnessed the rise of emerging economic powers (BRICS) in the world. Rosto has tried to sequence the stages of economic history. In Rosto's theory of economic development, any country that has successfully passed these stages has achieved development, and on the contrary, backward countries are forced to go through these stages to the stage of development. The main issue of the article is to what extent the strategy for the development of emerging economic powers (BRICS) is consistent with the approach and stages of economic growth of Rosto theory? The main hypothesis of the research is in response to the question that the strategy of developing emerging economic powers (BRICS) in relation to issues such as the use of foreign economic-political opportunities and increasing trade in relative compliance with Rostow's theory of linear Western economic growth. In the field of exploitation of internal resources, the alignment of economic and human indicators is based on reducing the dependence and economic-political influence in world affairs in the form of the process of human economic development in relative contrast with the principles of Rostow theory. This research is analyzed by library method and analytical-descriptive method.

In recent years, the international community has witnessed the influence and rise of the emerging economic powers (BRICS) in world affairs and has become a major topic of theoretical debate worldwide. The formation of the BRICS bloc, which is the forerunner of a new order in the world, led to this bloc emerging as a key player in the international order. The main issue of the article is that the strategy of development of emerging economic powers (BRICS) based on relative adaptation to the stages of economic growth of Rosto development theory, on the basis of what approach and components can be explained and what is its future perspective? The main hypothesis of the research is in response to the question that the strategy of development of emerging economic powers (BRICS) based on relative human development based on the exploitation of domestic resources, use of foreign economic-political opportunities, alignment of economic indicators And human, the realization of increasing trade, reducing dependence and economic-political influence in world affairs can be explained and evaluated and is moving from the domination of liberal economy to the new economic order. This research uses a library method and descriptive-analytical method to describe the factors of political, economic and social factors as internal factors and external factors to the important role of geostrategic actors and its geopolitical axes with a view to the future.

Maintaining and improving organizational safety requires a strong safety culture. Following the occurrence of occupational incidents, proper registration, reporting, and investigation is a key requirement for safety culture to provide an appropriate learning culture. As a result, this study was carried out to assess the culture of occupational incident registration, reporting, and investigation in the province of west Azarbaijan’s industries.

In this cross-sectional study, data on the culture of registration, reporting, and investigating occupational incident were collected using a 68-item questionnaire. A total of 420 employees from a number of construction and mine companies, as well as hospitals participated in this study.

The results of study showed that the average total score for the culture of registration, reporting, and investigating occupational incidents was 3.08 (±0.38), with the factor of corrective action had the highest 3.17 (±0.72) and the reasons for lack of reporting had the lowest 2.90 (±0.54) scores. There was also a significant relationship between the average score of the culture of registration, reporting, and investigating occupational incidents with education, industries, and companies. Employees who attended training courses had a lower mean score for the culture of occupational incident’ registration, reporting, and investigation than those who did not take training courses. The mean score of the culture of registration, reporting, and investigating occupational incidents of the employees who had experienced an occupational accident was lower than those who had not experience occupational accidents in the past.

The findings of this study revealed that corrective actions is necessary after the occurrence of occupational incidents. Attending training courses and having an occupational accident experience had no positive impact on promoting culture of registration, reporting, and investigating occupational incidents.

In this study, an analytical method based on energy balance equations has been presented to investigate the effects of rifling dimensions on the axial and angular velocities of the bullet. In this method, gun barrel has been considered as a control volume system that maximum pressure due to the detonation of explosive provides its input energy. Also, bullet velocity can be obtained using the calculation of absorbed energy terms by the system like energy due to friction between rifling and bullet along with taking into account the inner ballistic effective parameters. The obtained results of the presented model revealed that rifling twist-rate and barrel length are two important parameters which influence bullet velocity. Increasing these two effective parameters resulted in increasing bullet velocity over a particular range of values and after that has no important effect on bullet velocity. Comparison of the obtained theoretical results with previous experimental and numerical results in the literature showed a surprising agreement.

To investigate the relationship between radiolucent periapical lesions and bone mineral density in post-menopausal women that was referred to the Yazd Khatam-Al-Anbiya clinic in 2014.

In this Cross-sectional study was conducted. Fifty postmenopausal women with a mean age of 57.9±5.00 years and the average age of menopause is 49.6±2.49 years, the average  of bone density of -2.4±0.8 were used for this study. Bone mineral density was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in three groups: healthy bone, osteopenic and osteoporotic. Periapicalradiolucencies were diagnosed on the basis of examination of digital panoramic radiographs and data collected by the software SPSS 17 and statistical test ANOVA and chi-squared tests, and t-test, and Fisher Exact test analysis.

The results showed a not significant relationship between bone mineral density and the ratio of the radiolucent periapical lesions to the total number of teeth (P-value=0.131). Also the relationship between the number of periapical radiolucent lesions with menopause age (P-value=0.428) and duration of menopause (P-value= 0.362) and bone mineral density with menopause age (P-value=0.916) was not significant. But the relationship between bone mineral density and duration of menopause was significant (P-value = 0.004).

The result of this study, cannot use the number of apical radiolucent lesions in panoramic radiography, as bone density index.