هما رحمانی

The higher education system plays a pivotal role in driving overall societal development. Universities, as key subsets of this system, serve as thoughtful and innovative institutions tasked with advancing society’s ideals and contributing to national progress and growth. Central to this mission is the effective selection of competent managers, who are instrumental in addressing challenges and steering universities toward excellence. In an era marked by heightened competition, the continuous monitoring, refinement, and improvement of managerial competencies is essential, regardless of a university's size. The selection and appointment of managers with exceptional capabilities are therefore critical, garnering significant attention. Within this context, Farhangian University holds a unique position as a scholarly authority and a hub of intellectual leadership within the education system. The university is expected to address existing challenges, transform threats into opportunities, and lead systemic advancements. Given these expectations, it is imperative to appoint managers with distinctive competencies tailored to the university's mission. Designing a competency model for university administrators is a crucial step toward achieving this goal. Such a model provides a foundation for creating a database of qualified managers, implementing succession planning, enhancing managerial skills, and fostering meritocracy in appointments. In light of these considerations, the present study was conducted to develop a competency model for administrators at Farhangian University.

This applied research employed a combined qualitative and quantitative approach. The initial phase utilized an exploratory qualitative method with thematic analysis to establish foundational insights. Key sources included educational policy documents such as the Fundamental Transformation of Education and the Statement of the Second Step of the Islamic Revolution. In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 experts in educational management and university administration, continuing until theoretical saturation was achieved. Data from the qualitative phase were analyzed using thematic coding, culminating in a comprehensive theme network. The quantitative phase involved 140 participants, including 62 administrators from Farhangian University, 58 faculty members specializing in educational management, and 20 general and deputy general managers from the central organization. A sample size of 103 was determined using Morgan’s table and selected via proportional stratified sampling. Research tools included semi-structured interviews and document reviews for the qualitative phase and a 140-item researcher-designed questionnaire, based on qualitative findings, for the quantitative phase. Data analysis was performed using MAXQDA software for the qualitative phase and SPSS and AMOS software for the quantitative phase.

The research identified a comprehensive competency model for Farhangian University administrators, encompassing two broad themes: general and specific competencies. These were further categorized into 10 organizing themes: cultural, social, personality, professional ethics, belief, leadership, organizational, specialized, analytical, and executive competencies. A total of 140 basic themes were extracted and validated. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to validate the conceptual model derived from these themes. Statistical tests confirmed the model's goodness of fit, supporting its applicability to real-world contexts.

The findings of this study provide a robust framework for enhancing various managerial processes at Farhangian University. These include job analysis, human resource planning, recruitment, selection, appointment, performance evaluation, and professional development. The research also underscores the importance of structural and psychological empowerment, fostering professional growth, and deepening commitment among university managers. By aligning managerial practices with a merit-based system, the proposed competency model offers a pathway to improving productivity and ensuring the quality and effectiveness of Farhangian University's management system. Implementing this model is expected to strengthen the university's role as a leader in educational innovation and societal advancement.

One significant aspect of cultural transformations following the Revolution was the reform of educational structures, particularly within colleges. Educational institutions play a crucial role in shaping, maintaining, and strengthening identity. The Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution of Iran has consistently emphasized upholding the values and principles of the Islamic Revolution and preserving a revolutionary identity. The aim of this research is to identify the dimensions and indicators of revolutionary identity as reflected in the collection of statements made by the Supreme Leader.

This research is a descriptive-analytical type, and its method is thematic analysis.

The keyword "revolutionary identity" was searched within the database of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei's statements covering the period from 1368 to 1402. This search resulted in the identification of 60 relevant documents. Following a thorough review of these documents and the selection of related concepts, foundational themes were extracted. Ultimately, seven main themes were identified: personality, value-belief foundations, leadership, historical symbols, responsible classes and organizations, revolutionary approaches, and strategies. These main themes were further divided into 35 sub-themes.

In Supreme Leader's opinion, the most central, profound and main identity component of the Islamic revolution is Islam, which has formated ideology of the revolution, creating and deepening the revolutionary motivations, charting the path and quality of the struggles, and determining the strategic frameworks of the system emerging from the revolution.

The current state of global communication, the development and growth of technologies, the continuous cultural encounters and etc, has caused identity to become the main issue in social studies in various dimensions, including religious and national identity. This is especially important in Farhangian University, which is the heart of the country's education and responsible for the education of the country's future generation. This study has been carried out with the aim of explaining the relationship between the national and religious identity of the student teachers of Farhangian University of East Azarbaijan, which is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlational in terms of method. The statistical population of the study was all of student teachers in the academic year of 2023-24 in the number of 3990 people, the sample size was 351 people according to Morgan's table and proportionally including 141 female students and 210 male students that were selected by available sampling method. The research tool consists of two standard questionnaires of national and religious identity. Regarding the validity of the tool, face validity was used and the reliability of the tools was calculated using Cronbach's alpha test, 0.853 and 0.864 respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient test and structural equations were used to analyze the data. The findings of the research indicate the high level of religious and national identity among student teachers in East Azerbaijan province. Also, this research showed that religious identity and its dimensions have a direct and significant correlation with national identity among student teachers.

The purpose of the present research was to developing and validating the competency model of the faculty members of Farhangian University upon upstream documents.

This research has been conducted in terms of applied p urpose and mixed research method, qualitatively and quantitatively. The field of research in the qualitative part included the document of the fundamental transformation of education, the statement of the second step of the Islamic revolution and the regulation of the promotion of Farhangian University, which was analyzed in the form of a census as a sample. In the quantitative part, the statistical population was formed by the professors of Farhangian University of East Azarbaijan Province in 1402 in the number of 260 people, based on Morgan's table, the sample size was estimated to be 152 people and they were selected using available sampling method. The research tool is a 10-point scale questionnaire based on upstream documents. In order to analyze qualitative data using thematic analysis method, and to analyze quantitative data from single-sample T-tests, factor analysis using AMOS software was used for structural modeling and fit indices.

The findings of the research showed that the competency model of Farhangian University faculty members has 2 comprehensive themes of professional and basic competencies in the form of 6 educational and research dimensions, cultural and social, attitudinal, jihadist and revolutionary, ethics and spirituality, personality traits and 78 basic themes.

The results of this research can be used as a basis for creating desirable changes in measuring and improving competencies, self-development programs, professional development programs, and the development of continuous professional commitment of Farhangian University faculty members. Which will lead to the excellence of the country's teacher training system.

The primary goal of education in 19th-century was to acquire knowledge. But Steiner-Waldorf rejected this principle and stated that knowledge is only one of the tools by which one teaches, so one of the forms of mental and moral development for the upbringing of a child's entire domain is to pay attention to the child's intellectual, emotional and voluntary dimensions. With this interpretation, the present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing and reflecting on the philosophy of Steiner-Waldorf education using qualitative method of content analysis. The study community was library documents, research reports and searches on global Internet networks. The findings indicate that the purpose of Waldorf's philosophy of education is to create balance between different aspects of the soul (thinking, feelings and desires) and the body, and therefore emphasizes on creative constructive games, story, rhythm, movement and music. Waldorf considers the nature of human beings to be based on the humanity and development of the child's spirituality and refers to three stages of growth of the head, heart and hands. The head’s approach to cognitive learning, the heart's approach to conflict and emotional learning, and the hand’s approach to practical activity emphasize that manual skill and physical strength are combined with common sense and willpower in productive action. Consequently, with regard to emphasizes the element of spirituality and morality, there can be no moral progress, both personally and socially, regardless of spirituality and morality.

Writing is a form of expressing the desires, views, frustrations and aspirations that we seek to fulfill. From walls, scrolls, banners, SMS and story, etc., people can create a space so that their unspoken words can be heard and seen. On the eve of the 12th presidential elections in 2017, with the efforts of The cultural affairs committee and students Basij formation of The Fatemeh Zahra Campus of East Azerbaijan Farhangian University, a board was installed to include students' demands and expectations of the next president. This paper has been developed to investigate, identify and analyze the content of the inserted demands. The context of the demands has been categorized and analyzed based on three criteria: "Subject, Timeframe and Maslow Pyramid In this study, 164 data recorded on the board (including 131 sentences and 33 punctuation marks and emojis), were extracted and transferred on the jacks and then categorized and analyzed using content analysis technique. The findings show that the greatest demands from the next president were economic and financial demands. Social, cultural and political demands were in the next ranks. Religious demands had the lowest frequency in the records.

Allusion is one of the linguistic techniques which, like many other literary techniques, have been neglected by researchers and critics in different periods of history of rhetoric so that only one aspect i.e. alluding to a hemistich, a line, or some lines from another poet. For this reason, this study intends to look at the history of allusion as a figure of speech and its status in Arabic and Persian rhetorical subjects, and, while describing and interpreting rhetoric attitudes it refers to its types and names and finally gives a new definition and title for allusion by resorting to the principle of semantic extension to release it, to some extent, from semantic limitation of traditional rhetoric. Result of the research shows that the definition of allusion in all rhetoric books refers to some types which, in the more comprehensive fields as eloquence, rhetoric, prosody and plagiarisms, are referred to as esteghbal, tatabo, tamlit, esteaanat, idaa, tafsil, etc. Therefore, considering this mixture and the mismatch between the meaning of allusion and its types, it can be defined as participation and exchange of verbal and semantic elements − including a line, a hemistich, a verse, or a parable − between the speakers which is performed based on the circumstances or to embellish and emphasize meaning and which results in highlighting, referencing, creating meaning, and creating artistic ambiguity and brevity.

Iran''s revolution in 1357 declared its existence as an independent state، which move to victory of all of deprived against oppressors and develop the way for the formation of a global Ummah. Political leaders'' efforts in order to provide appropriate and successful model of religious democracy that inspire the nations and states. Iran''s inspiration is a tool to fulfill the role of regional leadership and to be counted as a target in the middle of the process، too. Ability to produce normative guidelines is considered as a pioneer state Indicators، these Countries can play their role in international system. The problematic is a gap between theoretical and practical model for the driving situation and the goals and aspirations of the Iranian national document. This research has tried to define the factors link between Iran''s norms and its regional situation.

Apostrophe is a figure of speech that is in many books of Arabic rhetoric or Persian introduced as change of view and there are limited types of stylistic and semantic changes. Although apostrophe and its signs have not been ignored in eras of Persian and Arabic rhetoric, undoubtedly, the development of this figure of speech is indebted tothe researches by Muslim rhetoricians in proving the miracles of the Koran. This article attempts to examine the use of this literary technique in different types of stylistic changes in the cotext of the Koran; changes such as changing pronouns, numbers, prepositions, verb tense, the change of the audience, the use of noun instead of pronoun and so forth. These stylistic changes are explained with examples and reference to commentator's views. This research shows apostrophe as an important feature of the Koran and different kinds of it, are more remarkable than its application in the works of genius Arab and Persian rhetoricians.

Apostrophe is a figure of speech by which the poet breaks away from the common form of enunciation. It has also a very effective role in awakening and absorbing the audience. In many Arabic and Persian books on rhetoric, apostrophe is referred to as a “change of view”. There are a few types of apostrophe each of which can be studied in two areas of rhetoric (badi’ & ma’āni) and grammar. Considering the wide implications of the concept, this article has tried to suggest a new definition and to come up with a clear distinction of various forms of apostrophe. Making much of the advantages of the traditional books on rhetoric, the present study also aims to point to new aspects of the concept such as defamiliarization, deviation, text coherence, artistic ambiguity…. The article has shown that the traditional badi’ with its outdated approach can no longer address the needs of contemporary literature. Therefore, a comprehensive critical analysis of badi’ figures including the apostrophe seems to be inevitable.

Religion has influenced in history and culture of Iran very deeply. The clergy has a important role in society of iran. The main part of transitions of iran related to interaction between clergy and government. The main contact between them created in term of second Pahlavi, that resulted in failing of government. In this essay, attitude, action and reaction of clergy relative to government are studied in difference section, then their attitudes are classified.