وجیهه ظهورپرونده

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of time perspective therapy on reducing anxiety, depression and work-family conflicts of managers. The research method was semi-experimental in terms of practical purpose and research design with pre-test-post-test with control group. The socio-statistics of the research included the education managers of Mashhad in the academic year of 1400-1401. In this research, 30 managers were selected by cluster sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 managers in the experimental group and 15 managers in the control group). The experimental group received the training intervention in 8 sessions of 60 minutes during one month. The questionnaires used in this research included Beck's anxiety (1988), Beck's depression (1974) and work-family conflicts by Carlson et al. (2000). The data obtained from the research were analyzed by analysis of covariance using SPSS version 23 statistical software. The results showed that treatment based on time perspective has an effect on reducing anxiety, depression and work-family conflicts of female managers working in education and training (p<0.05). On the other hand, according to the effect size for the post-test anxiety variable in the group, the results showed that 25% of the variance in the anxiety variable is explained by the treatment based on time perspective, as well as 29% for the depression variable and 29% for the work-family conflict variable. 44% is explained. In fact, due to the stressfulness of the management job and according to the results of this research, it is possible to benefit from time perspective therapy as an effective method in strengthening psychological resources and improving the psyche of managers.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of academic engagement training on the ability to forgiveness and increasing Positive Orientation Towards School. The research method was applied in terms of objective and semi-experimental research design with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research included female students of the second secondary school in Mashhad in the academic year of 2021-2022. In this research, 30 students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 students in the experimental group and 15 students in the control group). The experimental group received academic engagement training intervention during two months in 12 75-minute sessions. The questionnaires used in this research included Ehteshamzadeh et al.'s forgiveness (2009), positive orientation towards School Ahmadi & etal (2016). The data obtained from the research were analyzed by covariance analysis using SPSS software version 23. The results showed that teaching academic engagement has a significant effect on the ability to forgiveness and increasing Positive Orientation Towards School. In this way, this intervention was able to increase the ability of forgiveness and positive orientation of high school students; Therefore, it can be said that teaching academic engagement by using techniques such as familiarity with the concept of forgiveness, accepting emotions, facing emotions, individual and collective responsibility skills, and self-awareness can be an effective method to increase the ability to forgive and have a positive orientation towards school in knowledge. Secondary

This research aims to study the Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (MCBT) on emotional self-regulation and ineffective self-evaluation attitudes of secondary school managers.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test with a control group. The research community was composed of all managers of the first secondary school in Mashhad in the year 2021-2022. In this research, 30 managers were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (15 managers in the experimental group and 15 managers in the control group). The research tools included the ineffective attitude questionnaires of Weisman and Beck (1997) and the emotion self-regulation (ACS) of Williams et al. (1997). The procedure was: first, both groups responded to the research instruments and then the experimental group was treated for 16 sessions (8 weeks, 2 sessions per week, and each session 90 minutes) and the control group did not receive any intervention. In the end, both groups responded to the research instruments again (post-test). The collected data were analyzed by SPSS-22 software and inferential statistics of covariance analysis was used. 

The results of the analysis of covariance showed that by eliminating the effect of pre-test scores on self-control of emotions and Dysfunctional Attitudes as a scattering variable, the main effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy (MCBT) on emotion self-regulation and ineffective self-evaluation attitudes (p<0.05). 

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy can be used as an effective method for emotion self-regulation and ineffective self-evaluation attitudes with secondary school managers.

This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of training courses on the efficiency of forensic medical staff in Khorasan Razavi, taking into account the mediating role of leadership styles.

This descriptive and analytical study was conducted on the statistical population of Khorasan Razavi forensic medical staff with a sample size of 111 people utilizing three standard questionnaires of Arab educational effectiveness, Hajizadeh staff efficiency and Likert leadership styles. The collected data were analyzed employing correlation tests, simple regression, and structural equations with the help of SPSS version 21 and Smart PLS software.

The results of the study indicated that educational effectiveness (P=0.00 and β=0.591) and leadership styles are effective on employee efficiency (P=0.00 and β=0.595) ;leadership styles have a mediating role on the relationship between educational effectiveness and employee efficiency (1.96

One third of the effect of training courses on the efficiency of employees is influenced by the variable of leadership styles. It is therefore necessary to include the training of managers in training programs in order to adopt more effective styles to enhance the efficiency and productivity of employees.

This study aims to study the role of the mediating role of perceived stress on the relationship between the psycho-social environment of the classroom and students' academic procrastination.

The statistical population included all the students of the first secondary level of Mashhad who were studying in during 2021-2022 and among them, 302 students were selected using the available sampling method. The research tools included academic procrastination by Solomon and Rothblum (1984), psycho-social classroom environment by Fraser et al. (1995), and perceived stress by Cohen et al. (1983). The path analysis method was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between the psycho-social environment of the classroom and perceived stress. There is a significant negative relationship between the psycho-social environment of the classroom and academic procrastination. There is a significant positive relationship between perceived stress and academic procrastination.

It seems that increasing the favorable psycho-social environment in the classroom reduces perceived stress and academic procrastination in students. Also, the increase in perceived stress in students improves their procrastination. In addition, the result showed the indirect effect of variables on academic procrastination through perceived stress.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the acquisition of acquired cultural capital on the environmental behaviors of students in Tehran.

The statistical population of this research includes all elementary students in district 4 of district 5 of Tehran city, which was selected by multistage cluster sampling method and 50 students who were willing to cooperate were selected as sample. These 50 fully peer groups were selected in two groups of 25 and A and A, group A received 13 sessions of cultural training group training, and group B was the control group. Analysis of variance was also used to analyze the data.

Findings showed that acquisition of acquired cultural capital significantly increased the positive environmental behaviors. The students who were in the experimental group had a significant environmental behaviors (environmental protection, familiarity with recycling, saving on consumption, proper use and reuse of waste from students who were in the control group) Recoverable) and this positive effect was constant over time.

Today, the development of cultural capital and its promotion is emphasized in order to reduce and control social issues such as environmental crises, and it seems that sustainable development, especially its environmental aspect, depends on the promotion of cultural capital. . Based on this, it seems that with the developments of the last few years, we can benefit from the concept of cultural capital as a predictive variable in the analysis of socio-cultural issues such as behaviors and environmental attitudes.

Women heads of households are considered as women who are heads of households without regular presence or support of a man. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social frustration and social intelligence with life expectancy in female heads of households.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and structural equation model in terms of descriptive method. The statistical population of the study included all female-headed households in Kashmar city (n = 105) in 1300-1400. Due to the limited research population, the census method was used. Measurement tools included the Martin Iussen and Dahl Social Intelligence Questionnaire (2001), the Schneider Life expectancy Questionnaire (1991), and the Harrington Social Frustration Questionnaire (2005). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equations.

The results showed that there is a significant relationship between social frustration with social intelligence and life expectancy of women heads of households. In addition, in order to achieve how much the causal model presented in the path analysis diagram explains the variance of the dependent variable, the coefficient of determination R was used. Based on the obtained R for all variables, 94% of the total changes of the dependent variable are explained by the analytical model.

Considering the mentioned results and the importance of women's mental health, especially the special concerns of women heads of households and the possibility of high social frustration of this group of women, it is very important to pay attention to their psycho-social empowerment. Therefore, by promoting the psychosocial empowerment of women heads of households, basic steps can be taken to reduce the psychosocial problems of this segment of society.

The aim of this study was to develop a coronary anxiety model in students based on the dimensions of positive psychology. The research method was descriptive correlational studies and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all high school students in Mashhad in the year 1401-1400 with 983 people who were selected using Cochran's formula and simple random sampling method of 276 people. The data collection tools were corona anxiety and positive psychology questionnaires. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed using content and face validity. Its reliability was obtained through Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.77 and 0.89, respectively. In addition to descriptive statistics, statistical techniques such as Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the dimensions of positive psychology (happiness, mental well-being, optimism, self-worth, hope, interpersonal skills and responsibility) have a direct and significant effect on coronary anxiety in students. The results of the fit model indices indicated a good fit of the model, and in fact the general result is that the designed model of students' coronary anxiety based on the dimensions of positive psychology has a good fit.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotional empathy and family communication orientations with students' life satisfaction during coronary heart disease crisis by considering the mediating role of compassion. This study was a structural equation in terms of correlation method and its statistical population included all high school students in the fifth and sixth districts of Mashhad in the academic year 1401-1400 to 1403 of which 301 of these students by Multi-stage clusters were selected. Data collection in this study was field method using life satisfaction questionnaires of Diner and Emmons, Larsen and Griffin (1985), communication orientations of Ritchie and Fitzpatrick family (1990), empathy Davis (1983) and compassion - short form of Reese et al. (2011) and structural equations were used to analyze the data and Amos-24 and SPSS-26 software were used in all statistical analyzes of this study. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between emotional empathy with life satisfaction and family communication orientations with life satisfaction. There is also a significant relationship between emotional empathy with compassion and family communication orientations with compassion. The results also showed that there is a significant relationship between compassion and students' life satisfaction during coronary heart disease crisis.

he purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between social support on one hand, and resiliency and social anxiety and psychological distress in mothers of children with special needs on the other. The research method applied in terms of purpose and method is a descriptive correlation type. The statistical population of the study included all mothers of children with special needs in Khalil Abad city of Kashmar in 2018-19. Measurement tools included the Social Support Questionnaire, resilience, social anxiety and psychological distress.
Data were analyzed using Pearson Corr-elation Coefficient and path analysis. The results showed that there was a significant positive the correlation between resilience and social support and social anxiety and psychological distress in the mothers of the children with special needs. Also, the results showed that social support consists of 47% resilience and resiliency, 39% social anxiety and 21% helplessness.

This study aime to examine the mediating role of organizational justice in the relation of manager leadership behavior to organizational pessimistic in education and training staff. This research was a descriptive study of correlational type focusing on structural equation modeling In this stydy, the statistical population consisted of all male and female education and training staff of B.on city in Charmahal Bakhtiyari province that a sample of 300 teachers (140 women and 160 men) was selected by random sampling method. Participants completed the Leadership Behavior Descriptive Questionnaire, the Standard Pessimistic Organizational Inventory (SPOI), and the Organizational Justice Questionnaire . The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling . The results showed that there was a significant negative correlations between manager leadership behavior and its components including supportive leadership and authoritative leadership with organizational pessimism . The manager leadership behavior and its components were positively associated with organizational justice. Organizational justice and its components including distributive justice, procedural justice and interactional justice had significant negative relationships with organizational pessimism . All three components of organizational justice mediated the relationship between manager leadership behavior and its component including supportive leadership with organizational pessimism. Organizational justice components, except for interactional justice, mediated the relation of authoritative leadership to organizational pessimism . On the whole, it can be concluded that the manager leadership behavior including supportive leadership and authoritative leadership can lead to reduction in organizational pessimism through organizational justice in in education and training staff.

Social accountability in medical education is interpreted as the willingness and ability to adapt to the needs of patients and the healthcare system both nationally and globally. The speed of changes in the health system and the community’s needs has necessitated the training of physicians who are ready to face the problems of the 21st century. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the requirements of social accountability in the curriculum of general practitioners. This was an applied (in terms of goal) and descriptive and correlational (regarding data collection technique) research. The statistical population included experts of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, professors of the school of medicine, and physicians working in the healthcare system. Subjects were selected through non-random purposive sampling. In addition, data were collected applying a researcher-made questionnaire, the validity of which was confirmed by content validity and factor analysis methods. Moreover, its reliability was estimated at Cronbach’s alpha of 0.85. Furthermore, data analysis was performed in SPSS and AMOS. In this study, there was a relationship between the clinical and research components. In addition, an association was found between educational and clinical components, as well as between advocacy and educational components. On the other hand, while a relationship existed between the advocacy and clinical components, there was no significant association between educational and research components, as well as between advocacy and research components. In the end, a significant relationship was observed between social accountability and educational, clinical, and research fields. According to the results of this study, it is vital to focus on social accountability in the curriculum of general practitioners based on CARE model as a guide tool for the implementation of the accountability program.

Social responsiveness of the curriculum is aimed at directing all medical education activities to the training of physicians able to meet the health needs of the target community. Since medical education has moved towards a community-centered and community-based approach, significant attention has been paid to the concept of social responsiveness of medical education. Therefore, the biggest challenge of the future medical faculties is their need to show more impact on health through a relationship with the community, which is the same objective of social responsiveness. The purpose of this study is to assess the educational needs of general practitioners for social responsiveness from the viewpoint of medical graduates and educational experts.   In terms of applied purpose and data gathering method, this is a descriptive study of correlation type with emphasis on structural equation model. The assessment tool was a questionnaire. The statistical population were 140 people, including all medical graduates who had at least one year of their graduation passed, as well as educational experts (educational expert of the department, vice chancellors of education of the departments, and EDC Experts) of Education Development Center of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The sample size was estimated as 103 people by Cochran formula.   Findings showed that there is a significant relationship among all areas (clinical, educational, and research) with social responsiveness except advocacy area.   The results of the study indicate the importance of addressing social responsiveness in general practitioners' curriculum as a guide for implementation of the responsiveness plan.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between servant leadership and perceived organizational justice with a commitment to organizational change among Kelat education staff. The present research is a descriptive research type of correlation and is a applied research in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this study is all teachers and managers of Kalat County (138 managers and 810 teachers). 260 subjects were randomly selected according to the Morgan table. Three standard questionnaires of servant leadership, organizational justice and commitment to change were used to collect data. Validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by content validity and their reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. Data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, Pearson correlation coefficient and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This study concludes that there is a relationship between servant leadership and perceived organizational justice, and there is no relationship between servant leadership and commitment to organizational change, and there is a significant relationship between organizational justice and commitment to organizational change.

The growth of social networks has led to definition of new applications, including informal and tacit trainings (visual, auditory and written) for this tool. The present study aimed to examine the effect of using telegram social network on the effectiveness of nurses' professional trainings.

This study utilized a multi-group pretest-posttest design. Based on the inclusion criteria, 90 nurses were selected from one of the private specialized hospitals in Tehran and randomly divided into three groups of 30. Each group was assigned to one type of training (face-to-face, self-reading and telegram-based). Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA and factor analysis.

The mean score of the telegram-based group was 3.7 points higher than that of the self-reading group and 1.66 points higher than that of the face-to-face group. The mean score of the face-to-face group was 2.3 points higher than that of the self-reading group. In addition, the two variables working hours (-0.19) and teaching method (0.33) and the two variables age (0.178) and job experience (-0.08) had a direct and indirect effect respectively on the participants’ scores. The greatest effect was related to the teaching method (0.53) and the smallest effect was related to the job experience.

Nursing managers can use mobile social networks to improve the effectiveness of nursing in-service training programs. The results of this study can serve as a useful guide for supervisors.

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of aerobic training on mental health and happiness of mentally retarded girl students given the importance of happiness and mental health in mentally retarded children and need for intervention in order to improve these variables. The statistical population of this study included all mentally retarded girl students of Mashhad Salehe School. 30 patients were selected as sample from this population by available sampling and based on mental health (GHQ) and Oxford Happiness score (OHI). These 30 people were selected as 2 A and B groups with 15 subjects; Group A received 16 aerobic group training sessions and Group B was the control group who were on a waiting list. Covariance analysis was used in order to analyze data. The study results showed that aerobic training significantly increases happiness, mental health and reduces depression, anxiety and insomnia, physical symptoms and social dysfunction of mentally retarded students. In other words, mentally retarded children of experimental group compared to control group showed significantly increased happiness, mental health and reduced depression, anxiety, insomnia, physical symptoms and social dysfunction.

This study provides an analysis of intellectual capital of academic centers in three steps. In the first four human capital, structural capital, innovation capital and relationship capital and the components of skills and abilities, attitudes, creativity, systems and organizational structure, internal processes, IT infrastructure and communications, relationships with clients, Validation of a questionnaire to 436 members of the research was conducted on the final. Total 303 questionnaires were used in statistical analysis and conceptual research model was tested .information and communication, internal processes, relationships with clients, networking and collaboration and innovation mechanisms are important. The results of the analysis also showed that:1 - The relationship between human capital and structural capital are positive and significant.
2 - The relationship between human capital and innovation capital has a positive and significant.
3 - The relationship between human capital and investment relationship is positive and significant.
4 - positive and significant relationship between capital structure and investment relationship exists.
5 - significant positive relationship between innovation capital and structural capital there.
6 - The relationship between capital investment and innovation and a significant positive relationship exists.
7 - between human capital and structural capital, innovation capital and a significant positive relationship exists.
8 - between human capital, innovation capital and structural capital investment associated with a positive and significant correlation exists.
In addition, in order to achieve this, the causal model presented in the path analysis diagram to explain how much of the variance of the coefficient of determination R was used. The R obtained for all variables, 43/4 percent of the total change in the dependent variable is explained by the analytical model.

In order to identify strategies for improving the effectiveness of organizational training courses, the opinions of 220 staff and 6 administrators at a regional power company regarding six basic components of training programs were surveyed. The survey instrument includes 26 multiple choice questions that according to experts was both valid and reliable. The administrators were interviewed in a semi structured fashion. The data analyses indicate that among the six basic components of the training programs teaching method and conditions in which the course was administered were more effective than need assessment, course content, instructor, and evaluation. Suggestions for improving the effectiveness of training courses are given.

The present study investigates the relationship between managers’ managerial knowledge and organizational effectiveness and well-being of high schools in Mashhad. To do this, two independent samples were studied. To measure the managers’ managerial knowledge, of among the population, a sample of 40 was selected. To measure the organizational effectiveness and well-being of high schools, of the population of teachers, a sample of 200 was selected. The present research is of survey type, and three questionnaire were used to measure each variable. The results show that there is not a significant relationship between managers’ managerial knowledge and organizational effectiveness and well-being of high schools.

The age of knowledge-based economy and the award of vast economic - social organizations to successfully obtain financing and material is not limited to Intangible assets. In new strategic environments, organizations will improve to learn that they should know that the goal is to constantly improve intellectual capital (Bontise, 1998). Because organizations that cant increase their intellectual capital are not able to survive. But despite the growing importance of intellectual capital as a critical source of competitive advantage in organizations, there is limited understanding. However, the managers of intellectual capital management are allowed to create, develop, control and maintain a strong source of competitive advantage to hold the competition back (Bart, 2001). For this reason, the objective of this article is to review how intellectual capital management in organizations works.

This research has been carried out in order to investigate the relationship between the knowledge of management and the styles of decision making in the seven region of education of mashhad.In this research in order to examine the management knowledge of managers, 34 cases of managers were selected among the staff managers and to investigate their styles in decision making,74 cases of staff which were selected among the office workers.This research is in the form survey method and for each variation there is different questionnaires, also the information which are collected from two type of questionnaires were analyzed by spss.10 saftware and the results is mentioned below.1-there are not meaningful relationship between management knowledge and participative decision making.2- there are not meaningful relationship between management knowledge and consultative decision making.3-There are not meaningful relationship between management knowledge and autocratic decision making.