وحیده سادات حسینی

Due to the fragmentation and inefficiency in wife’s financial rights the Iranian Family Protection Act, enacted in 1391 , this article aims to review and analyze the role of efficiency of wife’s financial rights (alimony, dowry, free gift and reasonable wage) in stabilization and integration of the family institution. This study with library research method describes and analyzes the content of the Iranian Family Protection Act, enacted in 1391, through comparative approach with Imam's jurisprudence and western law. The research results show that generally the wife's financial rights can be balanced in two models; the equality model was followed in the French legal system and the ultimate equality system was identified in Shiite Jurisprudence. It is better to make intended amendments of Iranian legislator in each of the two forms and models and in a comprehensive family act, current legal fragmentation and dispersion of wife’s financial rights that led to its inefficiency is resolved.

One of the fabrication of Article 6 of family protection act approved , 2012, granting the guardianship right to the mother her in the process of the alimony demanding of a child and incompetent child ,and some regard it as the creation of mandatory guardianship and some believe that the granting of this kind of custodianship to the mother is the same as the institution of the guardianship which determined by courts. Each one of them create the various lawful effects in the realm of the mother ' responsibilities and willpower ,and The current paper explores the nature and the fundamentals of the mother guardianship notion over the alimony demanding of the child through descriptive-analytical method. The result of the paper indicates that the Iranian legislator goal over this conferring of the guardianship to mother is not the confirmation of the guardianship right for the mother The most important impacts of this theory are as follows the law effects of mandatory guardianship including the right of seizing over the assets of the child, and being unperishable and unmovable with regard to the guardianship right does not make any difference to this kind of the guardianship.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Lallemantia royleana seed gum on the properties of oil-in-water emulsions stabilized by whey protein using “Response Surface Methodology (RSM)”. For this purpose، emulsions with different whey protein concentrates (0. 5_ 3%)، seed gum (0 - 0. 3%)، and oil volume fraction (20 - 50%) were prepared. Several properties of emulsions including mean diameter of droplets، zeta potential، surface tension and interfacial properties were studied. Selecting an appropriate model، the response-surface graph was drawn. For each response، a second-order polynomial model was developed using “Multiple Linear Regression Analysis”. Results indicated that increasing the gum concentration from 0 to 0. 15% the mean diameter of the droplets will be diminished but its further increase would enlarge the size of particles. Zeta potential analysis showed that the more concentration of resin emulsions the more negative zeta potential of emulsion will be. The optimum formulation was suggested to be: 0. 12% Lallemantia royleana seed gum، 4. 69% whey protein and 21. 59% oil.

This study investigates the effect of co-production on customer loyalty (attitudinal and behavioral separately) and factors which may boost co-production in an Iranian bank. To investigate co-production in banking services, the proposed model of Auh et al. (2007) was applied. Given the fact that many banks try to get the status of their main customers, co-production was examined due to its potential to create value for customers and make them more loyal, therefore, it encourages them to extend business with those banks. The results of their search have been achieved thorough 415 bank customers, and structural equation modeling (SEM) method was used to analyze the data. The results indicate that co-production positively influences attitudinal loyalty (p<0.01) while not behavioral loyalty, and the higher degree of communication (p<0.05), client expertise, affective commitment, and interactional justice (p<0.01) increase the level of co-production. Among these factors, affective commitment has the greatest effect on co-production. Finally, the results suggest that bank managers should consider co-production as a means to make customers more loyal in the current competitive market.