پیمان مرادی

In this research, zeolite and active alumina adsorbents were modified to increase the absorption of carbon dioxide using piperazine solution. The effect of different operating conditions including temperature, pressure, amount of adsorbent, particle size, and concentration of piperazine solution on the adsorption process were investigated. The results of the adsorption experiments showed that, with increasing pressure and decreasing temperature, the adsorption rate increased, and the highest amount of carbon dioxide absorption was at 25 ° C, 8 bar, 1 g of adsorbent, 200 micron particles, and 2% concentration weight is piperazine. Absorption capacity for active alumina increased from 166.516 to 222 mg/g, absorbent for zeolite 13X from 194.844 to 244.084 mg/g. In general, the modified 13X zeolite adsorbent has a higher absorbance compared to modified activated alumina, but it also increases the level of absorption of active alumina. Thus, according to the results of this study, modified adsorbents with piperazine have a good effect on carbon dioxide absorption. At high temperatures, it also increases the absorption rate of the absorbent material.

Studies show that the prevalence of emotional-behavioral problems in primary school students was high, which can lead to many complications and problems for them and their families. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of brain gym education and child –parent relationship therapy on reducing emotional-behavioral problems in primary school male students.

The research was quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group and a two-month follow-up. The statistical population included all 7-11 year old male students studying in primary school in Gorgan. Using the available method, 30 students who scored high on the Rutter Behavioral Problems Questionnaire (Form A) were selected and assigned to three equal groups of 10 people. For the brain gym group, 8 1-hour sessions were performed once a week, and for the pediatric therapy group, 10 1.5 hour sessions were performed once a week, but the control group did not receive any intervention. Data analysis was performed by descriptive statistics and one-way covariance with repeated measures with SPSS version 22.

The results showed that in the post-test stage, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of aggression, depression, anxiety and maladaptation in the subjects of the three groups (p < 0.05). Also, the results showed that in the two-month follow-up phase, this effect was stable and the effect of brain gym on reducing the dimensions of emotional-behavioral problems was more effective than child therapy based on the parent-child relationship (p < 0.05).

According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that parents' brain gym training program and child therapy are effective strategies to reduce children's emotional-behavioral problems. Based on the results of this study, counselors and child psychologists are suggested to try to reduce children's emotional-behavioral problems by using these educational programs.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as one of the most ‎prevalent childhood disorders, which can have negative impacts on all aspects ‎of personal life, has always been a hotspot for mental health professionals. ‎Because of complications and negative consequences of this disorder, which ‎include aggression, object-manipulation, high-risk behaviors, poor school ‎performance, and academic failure, psychologists, psychotherapists, and ‎educational experts have tried to address and treat this disorder by various ‎methods. These children hardly can sit around; instead, they are fidgety and ‎continuously in motion, and especially in a classroom setting, which requires sitting ‎quietly for an extended period paying attention to classroom topics, they are in ‎serious trouble. In the long run, they are exposed to continuous misconception ‎and abuse, especially in their house by their parent. So, improvements in ‎the parent-child relationship can decrease interpersonal issues, which, in turn, ‎results into a correction in parents’ characters/behavior style regarding their ‎children, while improving problematic behaviors of these children too. Current ‎research, therefore, targeted the effectiveness of Brain Gym and Child-parent ‎Relationship therapy programs on the symptoms of this disorder.‎ This research was a control group pretest-posttest ‎design, a type of quasi-experimental research design. The statistical population ‎included all the children who have ADHD who attended consultation ‎centers in the city of Gorgan. Of those qualified children aged 7-10, which had ‎no other physical or mental disorder, having at least one literate parent ‎voluntarily participating in the research, we selected 30 children, with their ‎parents, randomly clustered into 3 groups; 10 children in Brain Gym group, 10 ‎children in Child-parent Relationship therapy group, and 10 children in the ‎control group. Before the intervention, we pretested these groups using the ‎Conners’ Parent’s Questionnaire. Then, the Brain Gym test group participated in ‎an educational program consisting of 8 sixty-minute sessions comprising 26 ‎Brain Gyms. In the Child-parent Relationship therapy ‎group, parents ‎participated in 10 ninety-minute sessions of Child-parent Relationship therapy ‎in which they took assignments, their performances evaluated, and proper ‎feedback and recovery training given to them; no training program ‎implemented in the control group. After finishing the therapy methods, the three ‎groups underwent the posttest, and after two months, all these groups were ‎followed up to evaluate the sustainability of the therapeutic effects. For the sake of ‎follow-up, and to deduce and understand the association of descriptive ‎statistics variables, including frequency, percentage frequency, mean, standard ‎deviation, standard error, we utilized repeated measures design — the analysis ‎performed by SPSS software (version 24).‎ The results suggest that both therapy methods were effective in ‎decreasing ADHD symptoms (p<0.001), however, the significance of Brain Gym ‎results were higher than that of Child-parent Relationship therapy (p<0.001). ‎These findings indicate that those methods meaningfully decreased the ‎symptoms of ADHD children comparing to the control group. Additionally, the ‎results suggest that the significant difference between the test group and the ‎control group, about ADHD symptoms of these students, were ‎sustainable after two months of follow-up.‎ Based on the results of this research, Brain Gym and Child-parent ‎Relationship therapy training program can improve ADHD symptoms, so we ‎suggest that to enhance ADHD children’s condition, such training methods to be ‎implemented in various educational/therapy centers as well as in the house by ‎their parents, as a complementary therapy for these children. We suggest that ‎tailored, coherent training programs be made for parents and teachers to handle these children strategically; we also recommend that, during training ‎sessions, the fathers’ potentials to be utilized more than before, while studying ‎more about the effectiveness of their role.‎

This article first studies the meaning as well as the elements and characteristics of the academic freedom and elaborates the human rights foundation of this fundamental freedom. The article then refers to the state obligations to both refrain from any interference and provide protection needed in academic institutions. The article also reviews international documents and certain state constitutions which deal with academic freedom. This article finally examines the scope and also the limits of academic freedom should be enjoyed by the faculty members and students in academic environment as well as the topics they deal with in their research. The article concludes that there should be a bounding document in the international human rights law to recognize this important freedom and to require states to provide more serious protection and mechanisms for academic freedom

In order to evaluate response of quantity and quality traits of forage maize to macroelements and zinc in the common agricultural and ecological systems, an experimental carried out as split plot design a randomized complete block with four replications in the village of Qara-Chai that khondab city located. The main plots included in organic and chemical fertilizer treatments at six levels: 100, 75 and 50% NPK fertilizer recommended by the laboratory, 75% NPK fertilizers 10 t/ha manure, 50% fertilizers NPK 25 t/ha manure, 40 t/ha of manure, and subplots sprayed with different concentrations of zinc sulfate in three of control (no spray), sprayed with zinc sulphate two and four per thousand. Results showed that maximum forage yield 92291 kg/ha was recorded from 40 t/ha manure that with 75% NPK fertilizers combined with application of 10 t/ha manure with forage yield equal to 88845 kg/ha was no significant difference. The foliar application of zinc at a concentration of 4 per thousand, the highest yield (87379 kg/ha) were produced. The highest protein content (12.59 %) was obtained from treatment 40 t/ha of manure. The foliar application of zinc sulfate at concentration of 4 per thousand showed that highest protein content (18.73%). foliar application of two and four per thousand zinc sulfate concentrations increased the grain yield by 8, 9 and 23.08 % compared to the control. The maximum of zinc concentration (47.13 mg/kg) was recorded from application of zincsulfate at the rate of 4 per thousand. In general, results showed that application of 75% NPK recommended combined with 10% t/ha manure along with foliar application of 4 per thousand zinc sulfate can obtain good quantitative and qualitative yield.

The aim of this study is to verify the amount of nitrate absorption on Latium composite over active carbon in which pH parameters, temperature, pollutant concentration, contact time for absorbent were considered. It was determined that optimum condition for absorbent are pH=3, T= 0 ˚C and initial concentration of solution=10 ppm, then absorption parameters verified and after drawing absorption isotherms (Langmuir, freundlich) in nitrate absorption process it was evident that languir model had the most conformity with experimental data gained Latium composite on active carbon.

Shaping of heterogeneous catalysts is so important in catalyst producing process. Catalyst perovskite Nickel prepared via sol-gel method and shaped in different cylindrical shape with one, two, four and no holes. The factors that affects catalyst‘s shaping includes kind and amount of binder, device’s pressure, heating operation after shaping, and raw materials. Catalyst’s strength is measured and conditions for catalyst’s shaping eventually are optimized by standard methods. Results shown optimum conditions are: the furnace temperature: 700(ºC), pressing machine: 800 bar, mass ratio of binder to catalyst: 1/7, binder: PVA, Alumina: mesh 250.