یوسف کرمی چمه

correct writing of letters and correction of administrative letters is an inevitable category and one of the most important necessities of writings based on communication and messaging. Semantic distortions and grammatical inadequacies in these texts, in addition to the spread of writing restrictions in the organization, cause disruptions in concepts and mistakes in the communication of orders. The purpose of this article is to clarify the amount and type of mistakes and technical and linguistic errors in these letters, with the intention of correcting and organizing them

The authors of this article have identified and introduced the most frequent writing problems and inaccuracies in these types of writings by analyzing administrative and organizational letters using quantitative content analysis. The statistical population of this research was 386 letters written and published in Amin University of Police Sciences.

According to the findings from the analysis of Faraja's organizational letters (focusing on the administrative letters of the University of Police), the most frequent writing error in these letters is not observing the punctuation rules and not adhering to the approved handwriting, which includes things such as the rules of separate writing and continuous writing or not respecting the space between words. And also spelling norms.

The problems and problems of writing in the prose of administrative and organizational schools in Faraja are more than it is thought. The most important reason for these mistakes is the imitation of repetitive administrative templates and forms and vulgar clichés, which are caused by haste, tolerance, neglect and ignorance of the correct writing criteria. In this article, an attempt has been made to pave the way for correct writing and correction by carefully examining these factors and by knowing more about these problems.

Sheikh Ahmad Sirhendi, known as Imam Rabbani or Muajded Alfe-sani, is considered one of the greatest mystics and Sufist in the history of Sufism. In addition to presenting valuable and profound works in the field of mysticism and theology and religious knowledge, he has had specific and influential views in the field of politics and society, so far as scholars. Because Iqbal Lahori and Abulkalam Azad are considered free by his religious and political ideas. He became the founder and leader of a new school and profession called "Naqshbandieh Mujadedieh". Sheikh Ahmad's theory of "unity of intuition" is also very important in the eyes of thinkers in the field of Sufism. In spite of these widespread influences and enduring spiritual influence, sheikh Sirhendi remains ignorant of scholars and scholars in Iran. The present article, by obtaining new sources and original references, aims to introduce this with a fresh and brief look and with a descriptive and analytical approach and by using library sources, including manuscripts and lithographs and new researches. An important and influential personality but also to open the way for a better understanding of his ideas and beliefs.

The story is one of the most important literary forms. This literary genre has several types, of which "police story" is one of them. More than 180 years have passed since the emergence of the first complete examples of police stories in world literature; But it was around the last decade of the 13th century and through translation that this literary form entered Iran for the first time. Police stories are among the most popular literary works and have appeared in Persian literature in various forms during their lifetime. In this article, by using library sources and in a descriptive-analytical way, the history of the police story in Persian literature was investigated. The story is one of the most important literary forms. This literary genre has several types, of which "police story" is one of them. More than 180 years have passed since the emergence of the first complete examples of police stories in world literature; But it was around the last decade of the 13th century and through translation that this literary form entered Iran for the first time. Police stories are among the most popular literary works and have appeared in Persian literature in various forms during their lifetime. In this article, by using library sources and in a descriptive-analytical way, the history of the police story in Persian literature was investigated.

The treatise "Wesal Ahmadi" or "Awakher Hayat Mujaddid Alf Sani" is actually a supplement to a treatise called "Zubdat al-Maqamat" or "Barakat al-Ahmadiyya Baqiyeh", which is about the life, works, spirits, and facts of Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi, nicknamed Imam Rabbani and Mujaddid Alf Sani and some of his caliphs and descendants were written. The author of this treatise is Badr al-Din Sirhindi, a famous Sufi and biographer of the Naqshbandi sect in the 11th century. Badr al-Din wrote this short and concise treatise following the completion of the book "Zubdat al-Maqamat" by Khwaja Muhammad Hashim Keshmi who did not succeed in finishing this book and convey the events and incidents of the last days of Sheikh Ahmad's life. The treatise "Wesal Ahmadi" contains reliable, irreplaceable, and valuable information from the last days the life of Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi, which is narrated directly and immediately and is necessary for a more detailed understanding of his life, his spirits, and his faith. Despite its fame within the Naqshbandi sect and its importance for research, this treatise has remained rare, hidden, and neglected. In this article, in addition to correcting, suspending, and updating the version and adding textual explanations, an attempt has been made to introduce, analyze, and explain its place and author in the Naqshbandiyeh tradition of the Mujaddidiyeh. The research method in this article is descriptive and analytical, and library sources have been used.

correct spelling and writing of educational texts is necessary and one of the most important requirements of writings that have an educational and informative basis. Writing errors in these texts, in addition to promoting linguistic and verbal anomalies, cause to close the ways of semantic communication, misunderstanding and late finding of the author's intended concepts. The purpose of this article is to pave the way for correct writing and correction in the writing of educational texts by carefully examining these factors and understanding these problems as much as possible.

The authors of this article have identified and introduced the most frequent errors and anomalies of Persian prose writing in these writings through the analysis of educational texts published in the University of Police Sciences, using a combined method (quantitative and qualitative). In the qualitative analysis, text analysis was used in the form of word and sentence analysis, and in the quantitative method, descriptive statistics were used. According to the table of Morgan and Krejcie, 24 samples were selected from 25 authored books. In text analysis, all educational texts written in 1401 were examined based on the most common writing errors, i.e. mistakes in punctuation, grammar, spelling, and grammatical and rhetorical errors, and the most common errors were extracted. Then, writing errors based on the five categories of statistics and what was counted were presented in the form of a descriptive statistical table considering the category of educational content of the texts. The total number of books is 25, of which 24 samples have been selected according to the Krejcie-Morgan table.

Based on the findings obtained from the analysis of educational texts in Faraja, the most frequent writing problem in these educational texts is not following the punctuation rules and then the Persian grammar, which includes various rules of separate writing and continuous writing, or not observing spacing and deleting characters and spelling standards, and then errors There is an order. In general, the statistics and the amount of writing errors are more than expected and show the need to pay more attention to the correctness and correctness of writing in the organization.

According to the obtained statistics and results, it is necessary for the trustees to increase the quality of authorship and composition of educational texts with as much care and supervision as possible.

Poetry is a form of artistic expression that utilizes language to convey thoughts and imagination. The Holy Defense poetry, in addition to its unique content, exhibits novel manifestations of the Persian language. This article aimed to explore and analyze the language characteristics of the Holy Defense poetry through a descriptive-analytical approach by utilizing library sources. The findings revealed that the language employed in these poems was typically simple, direct, and uncomplicated with composition being a prominent linguistic feature. The Holy Defense poets drew upon a rich repertoire of religious-revolutionary words, as well as war-related terminology that resonated with the audience. Furthermore, there was a noticeable inclination towards ancient forms and epic expressions, resulting in the incorporation of numerous words and terms from the Persian poetry tradition. Additionally, the natural use of colloquial words and expressions served as another linguistic characteristic in some Holy Defense poems.

Literary signs of Nima in the poem of Manouchehr AtashiAbstractIn the history of Persian poetry and literature, there have always been prominent poets who have attracted the attention of contemporary poets or the poets who lived in next centuries. The poetry of these composers has shown its presence in the works of others in different ways. In fact, by following the poetic and literary tradition and by using the poems of great poets before them, the later speakers created a relationship between their text and previous cultural texts and assets and enriched their poetry. Nima's status in contemporary Persian poetry is undeniable. Prominent poets after him are often composers who are familiar with his poetry and opinion and were influenced by it. Among these poets is Manouchehr Atashi. In Nima's way, he has paid attention to both climatic and native issues as well as to the phonemes. Atashi has secured some of Nima's poems and has also used the titles of his poems. In the following article, the obvious signs of Nima's presence in Atashi's poetry have been discussed using library sources and in a descriptive-analytical way.Keywords: Nima Youshij, Manouchehr Atashi, Intertextuality, climateism, Implication.

Police stories are extracted from the heart of the society. Police stories are extracted from the heart of society. Considering the social context of the police story, in this research which was conducted using library sources and descriptive-analytical method, an attempt has been made to examine the mutual relationship between police stories and society. Police stories are among the most popular literary works and it is important to study their relationship with society from the point of view of cultural studies of literature. The most important innovation and finding of this research is the explanation of the uses of police stories in society. These results emphasize the fact that writing and publishing police stories and using the audience's interest in this type of literature is a factor that can help the police in establishing public order and security. The reason is that during these stories, the audience is assured of the power of the police and detectives and criminal investigators and feels safe. Also, his awareness of the tricks and methods of crime and the ways to avoid facing and being in such situations increases over time.

Animals have always played a colorful role in Persian literature, and poets and writers have mentioned animals in different times and according to the requirements of the times. Forough Farrokhzad used animals like many other phenomena and expressed his content. In the beginning, when his independent and special poetic character was not formed (Asir and Divar), he often mentioned the old and repeated simile of a person (poet, lover) to a chicken and he has seen himself as a captive chicken caught in love's trap. Gradually and as a result of more studies and experiences, Farrokhzad's poetic character is formed and another Forough appears in the following poetry notebooks; This means that his thought has been transformed and his personal self has turned into a social and human self. Accordingly, his view of animals has changed, and other animals such as snakes, crows, mice, etc. have appeared in his poetry. In this article, the obvious signs of the presence of animals in Forough Farrokhzad's poetry have been discussed using library sources and in a descriptive-analytical way.

The poetry of the Islamic Revolution and the Holy Defense is one of the branches of the great tree of contemporary Persian poetry. This type of poetry, which is often known for its features and content characteristics, also has its own linguistic and expressive characteristics. Abbas Bagheri, the famous poet of Sistani, is one of the poets with the style of poetry of the Islamic Revolution and the Holy Defense. This article, two collections of his poems are stylized.

In the present article, the method of text analysis and library resources is used and the study area and community are two collections of Morning in the compass (1989) And from the eyelid of the stone (2007).

Frequency of religious and mystical words; War words and expressions and geographical names related to the front; There are more Arabic words and expressions in the collection " From the eyelid of the stone". The frequency of native and local names and words in his poetry is remarkable. The most important forms of his poetry are similes (especially sensory to sensory and metaphorical addition) and allusions (especially religious allusions). Attention to martyrdom and martyrdom, Ashura and Karbala, veterans and freedmen, families of warriors, patriotism, struggle against colonialism and ignorance and materialism of neighboring rulers and the expression of poverty and economic problems are among the themes of his poetry.

It can be said that there is a connection between these two books and in general all Bagheri"s poems in terms of form, form and content. Bagheri"s poems are mostly in free and Nimai"s formats and have been written in simple and fluent language and using simple and familiar images. In the poems of these two books, mainly social themes such as attention to poverty and economic problems, ignorance and oppression of neighboring rulers, colonialism and capitalism, historical confrontation between right and wrong and themes related to holy defense and revolution are seen. In his poetry, the influence of culture, history, climate and nature of Sistan is prominent.

In every work of art, there are two components: form and content. This is also true poetry and studies-by the poetry, the two components will be given. Look at the history of Persian literature shows that poets also those that consider both the form and content of his poetry and the other one to win it had gone down.In this study, overall vision and comprehensive content of the imposed war is studied. What was at first a kind of poetry known as the Sacred Defense poetry, concept and content of the poem was similar. The author uses library resources and content analysis has tried to unsubscribe and similar roots in the lyrical content is determined war. The most important themes and concepts presented in Sacred Defense poetry, martyrs and martyrdom in Karbala event and the culture of Ashura, hope for the future and expect the Messiah, patriotism, ranting and epics, appealed to the decline of values, and so on. The themes in the teachings Iranian poets - have taken advantage of Islamic and indeed a large part of the content of Sacred Defense poetry, ritual.

Book of HajiBaba Tale by James Morier was translated by Mirza Habib Isfahani. The critical aspect and tune of the satire of the book, as well as the fluent and beautiful prose of its translation, have influenced and reputation the book. Mirza Habib, with his talent of writing and using the precious heritage of Persian literature in his translation of the book, revealed his art and the power of Persian language. This translation is among the finest Persian translations. In this paper, Mirza Habib's translation prose has been reviewed by describing and analyzing the content and using library resources. In this book, can be seen the special features of prose important Persian language, such as the use of poetry in prose, the use of allusions and common words in the language of the people, the use of Arabic language and literature, pleasure and stability, etc. which prose is similar to the prose of Persian classical texts.

(Eye Contribution and The face of faith) Comparative analysis of the narrative of Hamam's sermon with respect to ancient mystical text Hamam's sermon, is one of the most famous sermons of Imam Ali in Nahj al-Balaqeh. The significance of this sermon, in terms of precise and subtle meanings, is beyond the scope of the scholars. But in addition to all the reasons that the commentators of this good book cite about his learning and popularity, this is a marvel and a miracle that lies in the narrative of this sermon, which excels in this sermon from other sermons of Nahj al-Balaqeh. The listener of these precious words, after hearing the words of Amir al-Mu'minin, dies to keep the atmosphere of narration, mystery and wonder, and make the reader wonder and astonished. It seems that Hamam dies more than the enthusiasm of the appearance and glossiness of the words of Imam, due to the transmission of the unconventional image and the observance of the holy thing. This article tries to find the secret of its refinement and beauty in a new way in this narrative. In the present study, using descriptive-analytic method, this narrative has been analyzed to find the mystery of freshness and beauty of its validity.

Rhymes are the same letters or letters that appear at the end of the verses and sentences of the poem. Rhyming science is also a science that examines its rules and its characteristics. Rhymes that have long been the subject of poetry, many aesthetic abilities have a lot to help the poets in expressing the meaning and meaning of the music of the word. The most important roles of rhymes in the structure of poetry are:"The musical effect, the distinction that rhymes give to the specific words of each poem, the pleasure that rhyme provides from the fulfillment of expectations, spiritual beauty or diversity at the same unity, the regulation of thought and feeling, the strength of poetry, memory assistance and the speed of transmission Creating unity of form in poetry, separating and identifying petitions, helping to conjugate meanings, paying attention to the intrinsic beauty of words, fitting and mirroring, creating specific forms and preserving unity, developing images and meanings, and inducing the concept through the way of the words of words" (Shafi’ee Kadkani, 1384: 62).
The Holy defense poetry is the product of the Iraq war against Iran and the resistance of the Iranian people. The holy defense poet would prefer the content to the meaning and meaning of the message and the message to speech and speech. Consequently, the linguistic and form elements of the poem are less relevant. Of course, this general decree does not apply to all poets and all elements of the language and form of poetry. One of the elements that is more or less considered in sacred defense poetry is the rhyme.
There is no research on the rhyme in the Holy defense poetry, and especially its artistic functions. In this article, the rhyme function was investigated in three offices of Voice with hanging Ismaiel, the work of Hosseini, S.H. (published in 1363), Rooted in the cloud, the work of Abdolmalekian, M. R. (published in 1366) and Birth of the agreement, the work of Israfili, H. (published in 1364). The following results were obtained:- Poets have used rhyming capacities with a five-fold arrangement (the role of rhymes in poetry, the role of rhymes in poetry coherence, the role of rhymes in inducing meanings, rhyming in rhymes, and rhyme or artistic rhymes).
- In Holy poetry, rhyming is often an elemental piece of music. Considering the continuality of this kind of poetry, rhyming plays an important role in inducing meaning in the structure of poetry.
- Poets tend to have two, three, four, and five common rhymes, respectively. In the meantime, two-letter rhymes are more frequent due to the ease of finding the right rhyming word.
- Mystery Rhyme has a high frequency in classical poetry.
- Artistic rhymes are considered in poetry poetry, especially Seyed Hasan Hosseini.
This indicates his familiarity with rhyme capacities. Expresses his study of classical literature and the background of these types of rhymes in the poetry of poets such as Saadi, Khaqani, Hafez and so on.
- Among the poems discussed, attention is paid to the rhyme's features and capacities in traditional formats.
- Among the books in question, along Voice with hanging Ismaiel, the rhyme element has been used more than the rest of the abilities of the element.
This indicates that Hosseini has a large vocabulary. Hossein Israfili is in this category and Abdolmalekian is the third person in the list of three.

The Kurd Poets have seen the Persian language as an interesting and wonderful Literature and they have been influenced by it. These impacts were in the forms of entailment, translation, and imaginary and common concepts. The Cord poets paid much attention to Hafiz to other Iranian poets. It is attempts in this study to introduce the influence of Persian language on Cord Poets and then NARI one of the Kordish Sufi poet (1253 0f Hijrah) and His small Divan which published in Iraq and Iran and his biography and also the introduction some reasons for his impact from Hafiz. Firstly, we present the common concepts and subjects between Hafiz and Nari and then four Pentagonal Ghazal ( sonnets) that Nari entailed from Hafiz were studied.

Kurdish scholars have always looked at Persian poetry with wonder and admiration and they have been affected by it. Various aspects of this influence can be seen in the form of embodiment، translation and similar imagery and common themes. And، among them، Hafez’s poetry has been noted more than other poems. In this paper، after an introduction on the literary influence of Kurdish scholars from Persian poetry، we have studied Nari، a mystic poet who lived in the recent centuries. To draw Hafez’s trait in this Kurdish poet’s divan، first we came to these two poets’ favorite themes and concepts. Finally، we have investigated Nari’s four pentacles in them he embodied Hafez’s lyricpoems.