دکتر معصومه دژمان

Mental disorders contribute to a significant global disease burden worldwide. The present study aims to develop and evaluate a transdiagnostic intervention based on the common elements treatment approach (CETA) for mental disorders in Iranian adults.

This mixed-method study (qualitative/quantitative) was conducted in Semnan province, Iran. In the qualitative stage, interviews were conducted using the free listing technique with 20 community members and 10 key informants to extract the common mental disorders. Then, a tool for screening these disorders was designed, and its face validity, content validity, and criterion validity were determined. Next, the CETA-based transdiagnostic program for the treatment of these mental disorders was developed, and three training workshops on implementing the intervention program were held for 30 healthcare providers. Finally, a randomized clinical trial was conducted on 500 adults with mental disorders referred to health centers in Semnan province in two groups of intervention (receiving the CETA-based program) and control (routine treatment), and the effectiveness of the intervention was evaluated.

Three mental disorders, including depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), were identified in the qualitative phase. The designed screening tool for measuring these disorders was a valid and reliable tool with 76 items. In this tool, the cut-off points for depression, anxiety, and OCD were 14, 17, and 6, respectively. In evaluating the effectiveness of transdiagnostic intervention, the results showed that the mean scores of depression (P<0.001), anxiety (P<0.001), and OCD (P<0.05) significantly decreased after intervention in both control and intervention groups, where the CETA-based intervention was more effective than the routine treatment. 

The CETA-based transdiagnostic intervention, delivered by healthcare providers to adults with depression, anxiety, and OCD, is a feasible and effective method and can be used to increase the mental health of adults in Iran.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of prisoners’ demographic features in 7 provinces of Iran with their crime type and level.
This descriptive study was performed in all 2200 newcomer prisoners of 7 great prisons of Iran (Zahedan¡ Urmia¡ Kermanshah¡ Karaj¡ Bandar Abbas¡ Yazd and Gorgan) during January and February 2009. The analysis of personal properties (age¡ level of education¡ unemployment¡ poverty and place of residence) of prisoners was done in the framework of structuralism and functionalism using SPSS 19 software.
Increasing the age and level of education of prisoners was inversely related to crimes¡ especially theft¡ which was the most frequent among the crimes¡ and only a direct relation to fraud was observed. The amount of crime and its re-engagement with the level of education and income was inversely related and was directly related to urbanization and intercourse. Traffic accidents and accidents with urbanization had a direct relationship with the reverse and fraudulent and drug trafficking¡ as well as the history of their repetition with urbanization.
Demographic factors such as age¡ education¡ and low income play a significant role in committing crimes¡ especially robbery. Also¡ the location agent is also linked to crime types¡ so that drug addiction¡ drug trafficking and fraud and repeat offenders are more likely to occur in the city¡ and driving accidents and accidents and repeat offenses in villagers.

The main activities of the family physician are health based and its goal is maintaining and improving the health of the community. Overall health status is determined based on genetic، economic، social، cultural and environmental factors. In contrast، the development of society and its associated components، including cultural، economic and educational can impact on health status. Therefore، it is expected the outputs and results of health programs to have an important role in mentioned factors. This study has been conducted to understand the role of the family physician program on economic، culture and social situation on defined population in rural area from executive manager''s، decision makers'' and people point of view. this qualitative study with using focus group discussion (FGD) and individual interview technique was conducted in three universities of medical sciences; and analyzed by content analysis approach. Totally، 12 FGDs with population (60 persons)، 6 FGDs with family physicians (34 persons)، 8 individual interviews with key informant of health sector and 14 individual interviews of other sectors have been done. seven categories have been extracted by analyzing data including the goals of family medicine program، role of the program on economic and welfare situation of the community، role of the program on culture and life style (changing of the beliefs and culture، health nutrition، education، social determinants of health and the program)، social capital. (justice an and community participation). Based on opinion of participants family medicine has a role on some economic and social factors but there hasn''t any relation between the program and change of the community culture and life style. They believed that program mainly decreased the therapeutic expenses and provided feasible accessibility to health care. This has contributed to people''s quality of life and welfare situation