محمد مهدی سالاری

With the spread of COVID-19 around the world, governments were forced to close scientific institutions and universities to control the spread of the disease, so these factors required them to use virtual education in an unprecedented way. Increasing the use of this type of education caused an increase in stress among students and somehow affected their academic motivation. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of the comparison of perceived stress and academic motivation of students under virtual education in different fields of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences.

The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted from 2020 to 2021 at Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences among 300 students. To collect information, three demographic questionnaires, Cohen's perceived stress and, Harter's academic motivation were used, which were collected virtually and analyzed with the help of SPSS 22 software.

(70.2%) of students had a high level of academic motivation and (83.4%) reported a high level of perceived stress. Pharmacy students had the highest medical students had the lowest level of perceived stress, and dental and medical students had the highest and lowest levels of academic motivation, respectively.

According to the results of this study, most of the students under virtual education had experienced severe perceived stress, and high academic motivation.Therefore, by making appropriate decisions and planning, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of psychological disorders caused by high stress as well as the educational pressure of students and increase the quality of their learning.

According to the results of many studies that people who experience incomplete and persistent Mourning are more exposed to mental and physical injuries, including depression and other mental disorders. The purpose of this study is to explain the experience of the families of those
who died from covid-19.

The results of this research include 3 main categories (painful death, virtual mourning and strange burial) and 12 sub-categories: glass chamber, complicated and ambiguous death, aliens, minimal care, strange mourning, internet sympathy, online mourning, solitary mourning, Burial in homelessness, waiting eyes, emotional isolation and lack of social support

.The results of this research include 3 main categories of painful death, virtual mourning and strange burial and 12 subcategories of glass chamber, complicated and ambiguous death, aliens, minimal care, strange mourning, internet sympathy, online mourning, solitary mourning. Burial in
exile, waiting eyes, emotional isolation and lack of social support.

Based on the findings of the current research and previous studies in this field, it can be expressed that Survivors of people who died due to Corona have reported adverse experiences from this phenomenon which this suppressed mourning and not receiving social support can have destructive effects on their psyche.

The Increasing of obesity surgery in the country causes the need for special care and psychological preparation of these patients in the form of necessary educational intervention. Therefore, considering the importance of lifestyle in maintaining the desired weight and reducing the complications of surgical problems, the aim of this study was the effect of Face-to-face Education on the lifestyle of patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy surgery.

This study is a clinical trial that started in October 2019 in the men and Women surgery department of Valiasr Hospital and lasted until April 2020. The study population was all patients undergoing sleeve surgery. A total of 70 patients were purposefully selected according to the inclusion criteria, then randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The day before surgery, a lifestyle intervention Face-to-face Education was performed and also before and two months after surgery, evaluation was performed with a Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II questionnaire in both experimental and control groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.

Most of the participants, 48 (68.60%) were women, 47 (67.2%) were married, 40 (57.1%) were housewives and 35 (50%) had diploma. The results of paired t-test after the intervention showed that the mean and standard deviation of the scores obtained in the experimental and control groups were (30.2 ± 2.1) and (23.4 ± 3.1), respectively, which showed a significant difference between There are two groups after the intervention (P = 0.000).

Considering the positive effect of Face-to-face Education method in improving the lifestyle of patients after sleeve gastrectomy and the special role of nurses in educating the patient, it seems necessary to pay attention to this training method. Therefore, planning for the implementation of this training is recommended to reduce the complications and clinical problems of patients.

Caregivers' exposure to the duties and responsibilities arising from the care of hemodialysis patients is directly related to their quality of life and may lead to a reduction in their quality of life. The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of life of caregivers of patients undergoing hemodialysis referred to Shahid Rahnemoun Hospital of Yazd/Iran in 2020.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 55 caregivers of hemodialysis patients referred to Shahid Rahnemoun Hospital. Samples were randomly selected. To collect data, a questionnaire of demographic characteristics and quality of life related to the health of patients' family caregivers was used. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 and descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson test, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance) were used.

The results showed that the mean quality of life of caregivers was 53.00 + 22.65. The highest and lowest means were related to the dimensions of conflict (62.19 + 24.2) and mental restlessness (45.90 + 27.13), respectively. There was no significant relationship between the quality of life of caregivers with age, marital status, employment status, weekly care hours, and income (P >0.05).

Hemodialysis affects not only the quality of life of patients but also the quality of life of their caregivers. Therefore, it seems necessary to address the problems of caregivers who care for these patients, and should be considered in planning.

Due to chronic renal failure and hemodialysis and covid-19 epidemic, hemodialysis patients have a lot of stress and anxiety about performing hemodialysis in the hospital. This study was performed to determine the level of anxiety and depression in patients with hemodialysis in the coronary epidemic.

This is a cross-sectional study which 250 hemodialysis patients referred to one military Hospital at Tehran for hemodialysis were examined in the covid-19 epidemic from 25 November 2020 to 5 April 2021. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist that was completed during face-to-face interviews with hemodialysis patients in the dialysis ward and using their medical records and to evaluate the level of anxiety and depression, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaire (HADS) was used. Then, using SPSS22 software, statistical data analysis was performed.

The results of the study showed that there is a statistically significant difference in the level of anxiety and depression in hemodialysis patients during covid19 epidemic (Pvalue =). They cause fear and isolation that can be used as a personal and social crisis which has led to stress and psychological problems.

supporting the family and society and allocating financial and human resources and increasing the level of awareness of patients and their families is effective in promoting the mental health of hemodialysis patients

Self-efficacy and general health are effective factors on nurseschr('39') performance and providing better care. Nursing leaders have a prominent role in creating a suitable work environment and conditions that can affect the self-efficacy and general health of nurses. One of the leadership approaches is Ethical leadership. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between ethical leadership with self-efficacy and general health of nurses.

This is a descriptive correlational study that was conducted in 2020. A total of 205 nurses working in Khatam Al-Anbia and Shahid Beheshti hospitals in Yazd/Iran were selected by census method. Data collection tools were demographic questionnaire, ethical leadership of Brown et al., Schwarzer & Jerusalem self-efficacy, and Goldberg general health. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA, and t-test) in SPSS 20.

The average ethical leadership, self-efficacy, and general health from the nurseschr('39') point of view were 33.80 ± 7.72, 30.74 ± 4.16, and 24.02 ± 6.68, respectively. Among the dimensions of general health, the highest mean was related to social dysfunction and the lowest mean was related to depression. Regarding the dimensions of ethical leadership, the average dimension of ethical person (59.65 ± 19.98) and ethical manager (59.26 ± 21.25) were almost the same. The results of Pearson test showed that there is a positive correlation between ethical leadership and its dimensions with nurseschr('39') self-efficacy and a negative correlation with general health disorder (P <0.05).

Increasing the level of ethical leadership in nursing managers improves the self-efficacy and general health of nurses. Therefore, a better understanding of the concepts of this leadership approach and its application by nursing managers, promotes the self-efficacy and general health of nurses and subsequently provides better care.

Job burnout as an important subject and essential component of the nursing profession not only reduces the quality of life, but also has a negative impact on the quality of work-life of people. The purpose of this study was to carried out the spiritual coping strategies to deal with Job burnout in military Nurses.

This qualitative study was conducted through content analysis in the second half of 2015. In this study, twelve military nurses were selected through purposive sampling up to saturation data. Initially, they were asked to express their experiences about job burnout and then how to deal with it through semi-structured and deep individual interviews. After collecting the data, all interviews were recorded on paper and converted into text data and then coded with the special software analysis. Participants' contextual content data were analyzed through a conventional content analysis approach.

Data analysis resulted in the 243 primary codes in 9 sub-categories and three main categories. The main theme included religious beliefs, occupational values and pilgrimage-tourism programs that were extracted as strategies for coping with job burnout.

Religious beliefs and spirituality were considered as the most important adaptive factor that could be effective in nursing adjustment with the consequences of job burnout. So that nursing practices are targeted, easy to deals with work problems, and can also improve their quality of work life.

Nurses are exposed to high physical and psychological problems due to high workload. The COVID-19 epidemic has negatively affected their health and especially their sleep quality. This study aimed to compare the quality of sleep and the factors affecting it among Iranian nurses before and at the same time with the COVID-19 epidemic.

This analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 175 frontline nurses in the fight against COVID-19 in 2020. Samples were collected using convenience sampling from two selected military and referral hospitals of COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using a demographic information form and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 software and one-sample t-test, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance.

The majority of the samples were male (64%), under 30 years old (41.4%), and with less than 10 years of clinical experience (58.9%). 96% of nurses had poor sleep quality. Comparison of the results of nurseschr('39') sleep quality with the same population before the time of the Covid-19 epidemic showed a statistically significant difference (P <0.05). There was a significant difference between gender, marriage, and interest in the organization with poor sleep status (P <0.05).

According to the results, nurses did not have good sleep quality. Paying attention to the mental health of staff, especially female nurses, reducing job stress through emotional, psychological, and organizational support to improve the quality of nurseschr('39') sleep is recommended.

Military forces are facing more stress due to the nature of their career and missionswhich can lead to increased burnout and jeopardize their quality of life.

The  present study aimed to determine the rate of job burnout and quality of life in the Islamic Republic of Iranchr('39')s army personnel and its related factors.

This study was a cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study. The samples included all the Islamic Republic of Iranchr('39')s army personnel selected by random sampling method. Data were collected by demographic information, 22-items Questionnaire of Maslach Burnout Inventory (maslach burnout inventory), and a 36-item form (WHOQOL). The data were analyzed using SPSS 20.

 A total of 1209 participants were under the study. The result showed that the mean age was 36.5 (±7.1) and 96% were male.  Most of the participants included militarypersonnel (89.5%) and 10.5 % were employees. Moreover, the majority of people (79%) had matched with their profession. In terms of burnout, the dimensions of emotional fatigue (54.6%) and metamorphosis of personality (56.6%) were placed at the lowest level, and in terms of personal competence (57.9%), they were at the highest level. More than half of the participants had a moderate to a high quality of life. The results show that there is a significant difference between the dimensions of burnout and the variable of quality of life in all dimensions (P<0.05).

Given the importance of matching the category and occupations in the military and its impact on the burnout and quality of life, military commanders can take this into account which can lead to an increase in the quality of work and personal life and thus reduces job burnout in the military.

Nurses play an important role in responding to natural disasters. The aim of this study was to describe the functional dimensions and professional competencies of military nurses in disasters and emergencies.

This study is a systematic review. In order to review and explain the professional competency of military nurses in disasters and emergencies, 100 published papers during January 2000 to July 2019 were selected through searching in the scientific databases such as Scopus, Elsevier, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Google Scholar and SID, using the keywords emergence or disaster preparedness and core competency of nurses in disaster or emergence, and nursing and nurses military nursing or military nurses and the role of military nursing. After considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 13 articles related to the research topic were studied and reviewed.

Nurses' roles can be categorized into three areas: professional competence, leadership, and operations. These roles including care based on professional competencies, organizational competencies, leadership and management of medical teams, vital and special care in difficult conditions, safe transfer and evacuation of injured, care of injured in disaster (Chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and explosive), protecting oneself and others (personal protection), battlefield triage, moral resilience and psychological support, caring for vulnerable and high-risk individuals and out-of-scope nursing roles. Although some of these roles overlap with the civilian nurses, others emphasize the special and unique roles of military nurses.

Considering the necessity of providing high quality and safe services at the highest possible level of injuries in various areas, especially in times of crisis and disasters, and the effective presence of military nurses in all stages of a disaster incidents. It is required that all military nurses benefit from the training and development of useful knowledge in order to implement long-term medical care programs for injured people in crisis situations.

Rhythmic breathing exercises with the purpose of reducing anxiety and controlling patientschr('39') physiological characteristics can increase their ability to cope with illness. The purpose of this study was to perform rhythmic breathing exercises in response to the reduction of anxiety in patients undergoing tympanoplasty surgery.

This semi-experimental study was a group work that was conducted in 2018 in one of the medical centers in Tehran. The study population included all patients undergoing tympanoplasty surgery. Samples of the study were selected by simple random sampling method according to the criteria of entry among patients who were candidates for tympanoplasty surgery. Rhythmic breathing training was selected in two situations (The night before the operation in the ward and the morning of the operation in the operating room) and patientschr('39') anxiety levels were measured twice (before and after surgery).

Based on the findings of this study, the mean age of the studied cases was 43.16 with a standard deviation of 12.16. Most of the cases were women (60.4%) and the level of education was high school graduates and higher (79.2%). The results also showed that patientschr('39') anxiety before and after rhythmic respiration decreased in the two positions of the inpatient ward and operating room and the difference was significant (P <0.05).

Rheumatic respiration method as a non-invasive, safe, easy and cheap intervention can be used to reduce the anxiety of patients undergoing surgery, tympanoplasty surgery. Therefore, the use of this method is recommended for nurses to improve the health of patients.

Not only do parents become anxious when their child is admitted, but this feeling may continue after the child is discharged from the hospital. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the anxiety of parents of children before surgery.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 2019. In this study, 66 parents (parents) of children were randomly enrolled in the study before surgery. Data collection tools were a researcher-made demographic questionnaire and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, which was completed by participants the night before the operation.

The mean age of mothers was 32±6.6 years and their fathers were 36.3±7.8 years. The majority of children were girls (59.1%) and were in preschool (57.6%). In terms of hospitalization history, most of the studied units had no previous history. There is no significant difference in the mean score of anxiety between mothers and their spouses at all levels except the level of very severe anxiety. And only 4.5% of fathers had severe anxiety. Also, there was no significant difference between parents in terms of hospitalization history (P> 0.05).

Group or individual training of parents with children the night before surgery, the presence of parents in the operating room before induction of anesthesia and after surgery in the recovery room will have a significant effect on reducing parent-child anxiety

Military personnel and soldiers, are at greater risk of public health and sleep disorders than civilians because of special missions, occupational issues, excessive psychological pressure and strict military laws.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of conscript general training on the sleep quality of soldiers.

The present study was quasi-experimental with pre and post-intervention. The study population consisted of all soldiers in a general training center of military service in 2016. A total of 520 soldiers were studied using non-probability and convenience sampling. The study was conducted in two stages before and after the completion of the military training course during about two months. Demographic and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaires were used for data collection. Finally, the results were analyzed using SPSS 20. The significance level of all tests was considered P<0.05.

The results showed that the mean scores of the Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire at the beginning of general military training and the end of the training period were 8.5± 2.6 and 12.8± 2.9, respectively (P<0.05). The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference in all dimensions of the questionnaire except for a delay in sleep.

 Considering the decreased sleep quality. ,   it is  suggested to provide context for organizing group counseling sessions, reducing night wakes, improving nutrition, and sports activities.

Job burnout is one of the occupational hazards among employees, especially nurses. It can negatively affect the performance. This study was conducted to develop and validate the job burnout questionnaire of military nurses. The present study was carried out in two steps in year of 2017. In the first stage, with the qualitative content analysis approach, first, the concept of burnout was explained by military nurses employed in the armed forces medical centers, and then the initial items were extracted and the questionnaire was developed. In the second stage, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted for face and content validity. Construct validity was done using exploratory factor analysis with the participation of 351 military nurses. Reliability of the questionnaire was determined by using the internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) and its stability through the test-retest (intra-cluster correlation test). 50 items were extracted from qualitative content analysis and related scientific literature. After performing face and content validity (qualitative and quantitative), 34 items were remained. The construct validity of the questionnaire through exploratory factor analysis led to the elimination of eleven items and thus the 25 items in seven factors (occupational burnout related to the nature of nursing profession, management aspects, the organizational regulations, professional values, Work Load in Nursing, motivational aspects and militarism) that explained 57.56% of the total variance were remained. The reliability of the tool with Cronbach’s alpha was 0.912 and its stability was obtained through test-retest (ICC = 0.967). Military nurses' job burnout questionnaire have appropriate psychometric properties such as reliability and validity; also it has simple scoring and is easy to be used by nurses.

 Nurses, as one of the main sources of organizational knowledge and main elements of knowledge transfer in hospitals, can play a key role in organizational learning process. The present study was performed due to the importance of organizational learning capabilities of nurses.  This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of decision-making through brainstorm on organizational learning capability in nurses.
Material and  This study was conducted in two stages: In the first stage, learning capability of all nurses in internal-surgical section (18 departments) of Baqiyatallah Hospital was measured by census method (281 persons). In the second stage, eight sections with no significant differences in organizational learning were determined and randomly divided into test and control groups. A theoretical and practical training workshop was held to train other personnel and head nurses how to implement the brainstorming method for decision making. Then, after four months, the Organizational Learning Questionnaire was distributed in control and test groups. Data analysis was done through descriptive statistics including mean±standard deviation (SD) and analytical statistics including Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, T-test and ANOVA using SPSS.19.  The results of the first stage showed that the mean of total score for organizational learning capability of nurses was 58.04 (8/98), which according to Likert scale, was average. Also, the mean of scores for areas of management commitment, system and knowledge transfer was 19.02 (33.23), 11.44 (1.88) and 13.67 (3.05), respectively which was average, while that was 13.89 (2.80) for the fields of open space and experiment, which was at the lowest level. The results of the second stage of the study showed that the meanof total score in entire area of organizational learning capability in nurses increased and was significantly different before and after running the intervention and brainstorming in the test group.For example, the standard deviation of the entire organizational learning capability in nurses was p = 0.012 after the intervention. Also, the standard deviation of areas of management commitment,, System Attitude and knowledge transfer was p=0/044, p=0/000, and p=0/003, respectively, that were all significant, but no difference was observed in the control group. Discussion and Conclusion:  According to the results of this study and the effectiveness of brainstorming method on boosting the organizational learning capability of nurses and improving the quality of nursing care and nursing services, it is recommended that the nursing managers implement this method in health care departments.

The complications of chemical agents not only affect health-related quality of life in chemical warfare victims but also has a negative impact on their families. Considering the role of family participation in care, empowerment programs for patients and their families is very important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a family-centered empowerment model on the quality of life of chemical warfare veterans. This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in Tehran, Iran during 2013‒2014. Eighty veterans were selected based on inclusion criteria and then randomized into an interventional and a control group. The empowerment program was implemented for 3 months with 4 dimensions (perceived threat, self-efficacy, educational participation, and evaluation) for the intervention group. The data collection tool was a demographic information questionnaire and a specific questionnaire on the quality of life of chemical injuries. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 16, and descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated. Based on the results, no significant differences with regards to demographic factors were observed between two groups before the intervention (P>0.05). The mean and standard deviation of the three dimensions of physical, psychosocial, and spiritual aspects of quality of life in the interventional group and the control group were not significant before intervention (p <0.05). Three months after the intervention, the mean and standard deviation in the physical (interventional group: 37.91±10.32; control group: 30.44±9.79), psychosocial (interventional group: 38.31±9.99; control group: 31.61±10.78) and spiritual (interventional group: 85.45±11.55; control group: 80.76±13.01) dimensions were, significantly different between the two groups (p <0.05). Considering the low cost, safety and effectiveness of family- centered empowerment programs and the role of the family in health promotion, the veterans training program is recommended to nurses and caregivers in order to improve quality of life for all.

Nurses can play a major role in the process of organizational learning as one of the major sources of organizational knowledge and important elements of knowledge transfer in hospitals. The aim of this study is to determine the learning ability in a military hospital (Baqiyatallah). In this analytical/descriptive study, the research community was 281 nurses working in a sub-specialty hospital in Tehran . Which meets the criteria for entering the study They were entered into the study by census method in 1396. The data collection tool is a questionnaire. The first part of the questionnaire is the collection of individual information. The second part is the Questionnaire Gomez(2005) Organizational Learning . And in the present study, its reliability was resumed in a preliminary study.
After collecting the information based on the type of variables, descriptive statistics including mean standard deviation and analytical statistics were considered significant level of 0.05. Using SPSS version 19, and the normalization of the data, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test , were analyzed and analyzed. Considering the importance of organizational learning in survival of organizations and the results obtained in this study, organizational learning capability in three areas of management commitment, open space, experimentation, and knowledge transfer was moderate below. According to the results of this research, it is necessary to pay attention to the transferability and integration of knowledge of nurses in order to increase organizational knowledge of the staff. Nursing managers are also required to explore ways to improve nurses' learning through new methods, and provide knowledge transfer and transfer experience for nurses. In the end, they will have decent and close services to the global standards at the clinic

Manpower and their protection in war zones have special significance, and the lack of preservation of soldiers may lead to major changes in the outcome of the war. Due to the necessity to save lives, and to reduce human casualties caused by war wounds, it is necessary to provide self-aid facilities to soldiers before the medical team arrives. This can prevent aggravation of injuries and save lives. The main purpose of designing a self-aid bag is so soldiers can take immediate action toprotect their lives. This is a descriptive study using a hybrid analysis. For data collection, thematic literature was used, as well as the experiences of the research team. Modeling was performed and then the opinions of the experts collected using a questionnaire, and self-aid bag was designed. Based on the results of expert opinion, the new designed self-aid bag includes: a transmitter and receiver with the ability to encode data and send to support, a fentanyl patch (for skin absorption) to provide strong analgesia, a composite splint, anti-hemorrhage powder, a sterile eye pad dressing, a tourniquet, a rubber band, sterile gas, scissors, burn cream, sticking plasters, a triangular band, band types, chlorine pills and first aid blankets. The contents of the designed bag are packed and then vacuumed. The overall weight of the bag is 950 grams. This self-aid bag has been designed to be of an appropriate weight and made using durable material that is resistant to water and fire. Proper placement on the body level, and the selected contents, mean that this bag could provide a practical option for first aid in the field

Improving the quality of physical exercise and military tests is critical to improving the physical fitness of members of the military. The purpose of this study was to evaluation of Military Optimal Performance Challenge (MOPC) test in military students.
This research was a quasi-experimental study performed in 2017. The study population included 60 military students at a training center of Tehran, Iran (24 to 39 years) who were selected by cluster random sampling. The variables of weight (using the Seca scale, minimum clothing and accuracy of 0.1 kg), height (without shoes, in standard condition with accuracy of 0.1 cm by irreversible tape measure), heart rate and oxygen consumed were measured in subjects. Participants fully and properly performed the obstacles to 7's tests (4827 meter running, mobility for battle, Bench Press, Horizontal bar, Ankles to the Bar, Back Squat, Simulated Casualty Evacuation Test), and reliability was evaluated based on internal correlation test (Cronbach alpha). Analysis was performed using SPSS version 17.
The mean weights and heights of students was 81.90 kg and 174.56 cm, respectively and the means of oxygen consumption participants during test was 39.13 ml/kg/min. Also resting heart rate was reported between 61 to 115 beats per minute. Based on the inner correlation (Cronbach's alpha) between MOPC test items, the results showed the reliability of this test is highly acceptable (Cronbach's alpha 0.709). The Simulated Casualty Evacuation Test was significantly associated with four sub-tests (Bench press: P=0.0001and r= -0.473, pull-up: P=0.011 and r= -0.325, Squat: P=0.0001 and r= -0.485, ankles to the bar: P=0.0001 and r= -0.448).
According to accurate and complete of MOPC test package compared to other similar test, this test package as a standard model, has possibility to perform and implement to raise the level of military power.

Natural and man-made disasters was considered as permanent threat for all communities, especially Iran. In disasters, health centers need trained and specialized staff which provide health services and treatment with knowledge and skills. Nurses have been in the forefront of medical care throughout the wellness and illness continuum, which should be involved in all aspects of disaster care. This research aimed to develop the curriculum of the care in disasters for baccalaureate degree of nursing.
This is a descriptive and survey study which was done with overview of the documents, articles and surveys of experts by using delphi technique in 2015. 17 professors were selected purposeful. Topics related to curriculum of Care in disaster were extracted and adjusted, then nurses learning priorities in the field of disaster by using a questionnaire survey in three stages were available to experts and the experts group of educational topics were final selected.
According to a survey conducted, Curriculum of disaster Care in Bachelor of Nursing in 17 subjects, which have 75% of consensus was selected as required learning content in the form of 3 course included 5/1 theoretical unit, 5/0 practical course and 1 training unit.
Education and empowerment of nurses for optimally responsiveness to the needs of disaster victims is emphasized with the current revision of the curriculum and the needed content of 3 courses.

Aims: As there are several electronic training than traditional methods such as lecturing, there is a question that which one is more effective. This study is based on a comparison of lecturing, multi-media software packages and web-based education for Nursing Care of Chemical Agents in one of the military hospitals.
in a semi-experimental study, 99 nurses were selected by a target-based approach from one of the Tehran military hospitals in the year 2012. Nurses then have been put into three random groups. Three groups were evaluated using a pre-test with standardized questions then groups were trained necessarily with the aforementioned methods and they did the post-test as the same questions. After data collecting, the results have been analyzed using Spss 16 and statistical and analytical tests.
There wasn’t significant difference regarding mean scores among all groups in the pre-test (p>o.o5). After three methods of training, improvement could be noticeable in all three groups (p
according to the findings, multi-media software packages can be efficiency for learning because of low price and the accessibility.

In conflict and crisis, aid and rapid and accurate transfer of the injured and wounded to the safe areas or medical centers is very important and decreases the adverse effects to the minimum level. Therefore, nurses, particularly military nurses must have sufficient skills and expertise in this field. This research aimed to develop the curriculum of the aid and transport for Baccalaureate Degree Nursing students with a systematic approach. This is a descriptive and survey study which was done in 2013. 48 professors and experts were selected purposeful using Delphi technique and snowball method to saturation. First, by library studying and Internet searching, content headlines of the curriculum aid and transport was extracted and adjusted. Experts’ opinion about the suggested topics was collected based on Delphi technique and scored based on content validity ratio (CVR). Then it assessed at Master meeting group and approved. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19 statistical software. According to a survey, aid and transport curriculum in the Baccalaureate degree of Nursing with military approach was designed including two theory credit and a practical credit and an apprenticeship credit. Due to the geographical and geopolitical situation of Iran, empowering nurses in the field of aid and transport of the injured people in the events, crises and war in the form of credits seems inevitable and necessary.

Entry into military service with changing environmental conditions, social relationships and lifestyle can cause psychological stress and pressure on the soldiers and may promote or create risky behaviors. Non-verbal or verbal aggressive behavior such as fighting, obscenities, hitting, threats and intimidation may increase stress exposure. This study aimed to investigate the effects of anger management education based on Health Promotion Model on reducing risky behavior of soldiers (fighting) in the Military barracks of Ardekan in1389. This clinical trial is an experimental study. Participants were the 232 soldiers who were engaged in risky behavior score higher than 60. They are randomly divided into two groups. Anger control for the experimental group on the basis of religious and scientific evidence in health promotion model was trained. Data collection tool was built by researchers. Reliability and validity of the questionnaire (demographic, risky behaviors, health promotion model structures) were carried out. Statistical analysis of covariance and independent t-test showed that all structures of the model (perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, sense of behavior, interpersonal influences, situational influences) and the amount of conflict behavior, between the two groups (case and control) is significant. (P<0.001) The positive impact of teaching anger management techniques, based on religious and scientific evidence and educational model of health promotion, showed that the model is effective. Model can manage aggression and destructive emotion, aggressive behavior and attitude and feeling. Anger management techniques leading to better compatibility with environmental stress and unwanted changes to the young people.

Background &

Considering to the impact of chronic diseases on families to provide appropriate care and proper understanding of the disease، empowering caregivers was essential. This study carried on to evaluate effectiveness empowerment-based intervention on self-efficacy of family caregivers of chemical victims.

This study was quasi-experimental with a before and after design. The sample was 40 family members of chemical victims with possess include criteria and Sampling was a convenience sample. The instrument used in this study consists of four sections (demographic information، Izeng tools for self-esteem and the questioner made researcher for determine of the knowledge and attitude. The instruments have been tested for validity and reliability. Empowerment-based intervention was conducted in 5 sessions for group. Then we measured the level of the knowledge، attitude and self-esteem of victim of chemical care giver before and one month after intervention.

The results of study showed that the mean scores of knowledge، attitude and the self-efficacy caregivers respect to before of intervention improved. The statistical test showed significant difference (p<0001).

Considering to the empowerment-based intervention was effectiveness، we suggested that in order to reduce side effects of chemical weapons and provide appropriate care، this intervention for empowering family chemical victim were noticed.