دکتر وحید ریاضی

Identifying, predicting and evaluating the threats of new technologies with indicators such as correct and accurate recognition of the threat, evaluating the strength and capacity of the threat is important and vital to protect the interests of our beloved country in the future battles.

The current research has been carried out with the aim of designing the pattern of threats of modern technologies of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

This research is of applied-developmental type, which has a mixed approach with descriptive-analytical method. The data collection method was library and field, in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 experts and a sample size of 85 people. In the qualitative part, content analysis was done by refining, summarizing and displaying data, and in the quantitative part, descriptive and inferential statistics and spss software were used.

In order to achieve the design of the desired model, the items related to the questionnaire created by the statistician were completed and presented to the expert community and the sample size. the result of which three components (artificial intelligence, robots and future/cyber soldiers) and 10 indicators in the field of threats of modern technologies were calculated and the data analysis in this field was also completed.

Originality: 

The results indicate that the components of artificial intelligence, robots and future/cyber soldiers with a combination of 10 indicators in the field of threats of new technologies provided the components of the mentioned model, which were further validated by the expert community.

Establishing security is one of the most basic principles to achieve the desired standards for the people’s comfort and well-being, and creating shelter and its necessary infrastructure is one of the most essential requirements in crises, so that maximum security, with the lowest cost for defense is provided for the people, and on the other hand, make the enemy take the most effort to harm them. So, identifying the components and indicators of providing security and shelter for the people in crisis caused by wars, especially unbalanced wars are of special importance. This research aims at formulating a suitable model in order to provide security and shelter for people in the crisis caused by unbalanced wars. The research is of applied-developmental type. The descriptive-analytical research method is a hybrid approach. A 52-people statistical population was used. The analysis of information and data obtained from the study of the sources has been analyzed using the content analysis method, the structural equation modeling method with the partial least squares approach and using "Smart PLS" software. The research results showed that this model includes 5 components and 36 indicators; The security dimension includes two components (individual security, public security) and 14 indicators, and the shelter dimension includes 3 components (shelter design and architecture, accommodation management and shelter affairs, and positioning) and 22 indicators.

The Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, consisting of affiliated organizations, will look to the future in a complex and uncertain global security environment with factors affecting the strategic deterrence of highly diverse military organizations. In some cases, these factors are fundamental and are rooted in the culture or political structure of the country. Due to the complexity of this environment, the author of the article has based his goal-setting on the security dimension of military organizations in order to design a strategic deterrence model.In this paper, by identifying and classifying the effective factors of the security environment of military organizations with a comprehensive view and by studying the theoretical foundations and background of research and also the analysis of upstream documents, in the main purpose of this article. The main research question is "What is the model of strategic deterrence of the military organizations of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the security environment?" Identifying the main factors of strategic deterrence in the security environment, using data collection methods; Libraries and fields and their tools have been collected. The type of applied research is developmental and the mixed approach has been performed by quantitative (descriptive) and qualitative (analytical) methods and using survey questionnaires with 32 experts.The findings ultimately led to the introduction of a strategic deterrent model for military organizations in a security environment that has six principles 11 factors and 53 indicators are effective and presented to clients in a model.

Air defense plays a decisive role in victory in today's battle scene. Meanwhile, the doctrine of passive defense is very important in air defense. Therefore, the current research was based on the explanation of the doctrine of passive defense with the approach of air defense (principles and basic requirements) based on a mixed method. Data has been collected by library and field method. 11 people selected as a sample for the interview among experts in the field of passive defense, air defense and military doctrine, who serving in strategic, command and staff jobs as well as position of major general and above and equivalent in the public organizations. In addition, the statistical sample for the questionnaire was selected from commanders, military and civilian officials related to active defense, passive defense at the armed forces, the country and related organizations. Data analysis was done by Grounded Theory and in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. The results led to eight principles of the doctrine of passive defense based on air defense approach, namely, readiness, agility, resilience, obfuscation, immunization, intelligence aristocracy, defense training and deterrence. More therefore, the basic requirements for each principle were determined separately. Quantitative results showed the principle of deterrence, intelligence aristocracy and immunity are the most important among other principles.

The defense policy of countries, as one of the main pillars of national security, requires accurate, continuous and appropriate evaluation based on scientific and specialized indicators .‌In the meantime, the scientific evaluation of the realization and implementation of defense policies plays an important role in the comprehensive evaluation model of defense policy, to review and adapt these policies to the dynamic and fluid requirements and requirements of national security. The purpose of this research is to provide a model for evaluating the realization of the defense policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The current research method is a combination of case-contextual, correlation-congruence and descriptive methods. In this research, the interview-questionnaire tool was used to collect data, and in order to extract the dimensions, components and indicators of the defense policy evaluation model, interviews were conducted with 15 experts.A closed questionnaire was distributed among 36 respondents (sample size) to confirm the opinions of experts and experts. Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the quantitative research tool. Finally, a model has been designed that has 6 dimensions, including the dimensions of fundamental principles and values, structure and organization, human capital, operational, environmental and promotional and information, and 11 components, including the components of Islamic and revolutionary values. The general principles are structural, organizational, behavioral, functional, executive, combat and defense, internal environment, external environment and advertising and information and has 87 main indicators.

Among the activities to enter international markets, the selection of target markets is a key and strategic activity, and on the other hand, deciding on the selection of such markets is a complex and difficult task. In this article, we have tried to review the thematic literature; The main goal is to develop a framework for the process of evaluation and systematic selection of export target markets of Iran, by identifying the factors affecting the selection of target markets and using a mixed approach (descriptive-analytical method) and also selecting a targeted statistical sample of 45 experts. In the field of exports, the mentioned framework should be provided. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and the reliability was calculated and confirmed using Cronbach's alpha0.856).).The results of the research show that 65 factors are influential in selecting the target markets of Iranians, which was selected and presented as the main axis of the systematic evaluation process of this market. Upstream security factors and the security factors of the country's allies were counted and considered as the final screening criteria in the process of selecting the target markets.

From an economic point of view, borders are very important for economic benefits. Factors such as smuggling goods in border areas have a high potential to shake the economy and production processes of the country. At the local level, underdevelopment of border areas, unemployment and lack of economic structures of the people are introduced as a factor in the divergence, dissatisfaction and regionalism of the local economy and provide the basis for the desire of local people to this direction.The border areas of Iran are usually underdeveloped areas and its overlap with the ethnic-religious components of the people of these areas leads to false jobs and in turn affects national security. One of these areas with low development is the border areas of Kurdistan province. The statistical population of this article Due to its breadth, an unlimited statistical population has been used. The purpose of this article is descriptive-analytical in nature and using library and field resources to "explain and analyze the economically effective security factors in the management of border areas, especially the border areas of Kurdistan province." Findings and results show that prioritizing geoeconomic factors influencing security in order of smuggling goods in the border areas of Kurdistan province, second unbalanced economic development on both sides of the border, third priority lack of resources in the border areas to create the economic structure of Kurdistan. It is the border area of the province.

One of the problems of the world today and in fact the apocalypse is the use of the word spirituality instead of religion and religiosity by apostates. That is why they are confronting Islam with the slogan "I am spiritual but I am not religious" and finally blowing the apocalyptic gaze in their minds. The school of Soleimani, with the establishment of pure Islam and study in the school of the Supreme Leader of the time and religious teachings, went against such heresy. This article uses the existing tools, stimuli and components with the view of Soleimani school in the form of drivers and paving the way for emergence to provide plans to move towards laying the groundwork for different segments of the people and creating a strong and comprehensive relationship for the Islamic world. The main question of this article is "What are the impulses of the Soleimani school in the field of emergence?"Methodology of this article is derived from futures research with descriptive-analytical method using data collection method; Libraries and their tools are well established. Research is applied in terms of purpose and type. The result of the article leads to the enumeration of religious lessons and obvious and behavioral guidelines in accordance with the do's and don'ts of the school of Martyr Soleimani from the point of view of Imam Khamenei. In this article, 7 cases of emergence drivers were obtained.

Sociology is the study of human behavior in the social context. Society is therefore the basic unit of analysis. On the other hand, politics is the resolution of human conflicts; It is the process by which society authoritatively distributes resources and values, makes decisions, or determines policies; So politics is the exercise of power and influence in society. At the same time, the Islamic Revolution of Iran, with its emergence in an era when the social presence of religion was considered over, created theoretical challenges in processing what the Western world considered to be human utopia, and subsequently turned a wave of Western theorizing. With this description, the interaction point of sociology and politics can be explained in the political perspective. Because political attitude is a widely used concept in social psychology and political sociology; However, little attention is paid to it in this field. However, due to the importance of political attitude in increasing the probability of predicting political behavior, it should be considered. The present article aims to explain political sociology; Individual and psychological factors of political attitude formation as an important stimulus of this research to determine the meaning and how to form a political attitude was put on the agenda to theoretically expand the concept of political attitude of agents and how it is formed using a mixed approach and descriptive-analytical method. The results of the research findings indicate that understanding the political attitude helps to identify the possible political actions and increases the predictability in the field of politics.

The Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, consisting of affiliated organizations, will look to the future in a complex and uncertain global security environment with factors affecting the strategic deterrence of highly diverse military organizations. In some cases, these factors are fundamental and are rooted in the culture or political structure of the country. Due to the complexity of this environment, the author of the article has based his goal-setting on the security dimension of military organizations in order to design a strategic deterrence model.In this paper, by identifying and classifying the effective factors of the security environment of military organizations with a comprehensive view and by studying the theoretical foundations and background of research and also the analysis of upstream documents, in the main purpose of this article. The main research question is "What is the model of strategic deterrence of the military organizations of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the security environment?" Identifying the main factors of strategic deterrence in the security environment, using data collection methods; Libraries and fields and their tools have been collected. The type of applied research is developmental and the mixed approach has been performed by quantitative (descriptive) and qualitative (analytical) methods and using survey questionnaires with 32 experts.The findings ultimately led to the introduction of a strategic deterrent model for military organizations in a security environment that has six principles 11 factors and 53 indicators are effective and presented to clients in a model.

War is a persistent global phenomenon. Obscurity, complexity and multidimensionality are the most important characteristics of the newest methods of warfare. Hybrid warfare refers to a wide range of tools in a homogeneous or heterogeneous manner that is used in this type of warfare, i.e. a non-linear battle. Therefore, a relentless alertness in front of the enemy is one of the necessities of an autonomous system which has numerous enemies. After the victory of the Islamic Revolution, the United States in a number of ways and through constructing a range of new apparatuses has embarked on hostility and hatred towards the holy system of the I.R. of Iran. Consequently, the main purpose of this paper was to answer the following question: "What are the components and tools of the US hybrid war against the I.R. of Iran?" Using the desk and fields methods of data collection with the determining means of these two methods and also using the descriptive-analytical method, this study tried to determine the components and tools of the US hybrid war against the I. R. of Iran. In this respect, two questionnaires were designed to determine their effectiveness (one for identifying the components and tools of hybrid warfare and its endorsement by the expert community and the other for designing and distributing the questionnaire among the sample population of 30 individuals who were selected purposefully by snowball method). Then, the statistical methods were used to analyze the data. Regarding the main and secondary questions of this study, the findings and results showed that 8 factors of psychological, informational, economic, diplomatic-political, cyber, regular military and Special Forces, and supporting the internal conflicts are considered as the most important components of hybrid warfare. In this respect, 53 tools of the mentioned components were determined, which were introduced to be used by the officials and those in charge and also for the purpose of resolute confrontation.

Defense is one of the most important elements of a country's survival. In order to achieve comprehensive defense and strengthen security defense architecture, tools, incentives and components should be used that, apart from the strategic role, accelerate policies and programs to move in this direction, and provide a strong and comprehensive relationship. The Architectural Reinforcement Model, with a view to the requirements and infrastructures of security defense, is a comprehensive solution used to support the goals of the security defense architecture of the armed forces. This paper, by presenting the conceptual model of strengthening security defense architecture by looking at comprehensive defense and to get the main question of this article, "What is the model of strengthening security defense architecture (requirements and infrastructures) in achieving" comprehensive defense "?" With a mixed approach and quantitative and qualitative method and with the benefit of data collection method; Libraries and fields and their tools have been collected and used to collect data.The present article is practical in terms of purpose and type (purposefully judging, 32 people). Findings in the article; After analyzing the requirements and infrastructures of security defense architecture, we draw a pattern in the form of an article and the necessity of localization of existing frameworks, the need to pay attention to the layers of infrastructure, process, stakeholders and operating strategies, programs and activities. In the common language between the trustees, officials and managers, the high levels of military and national organizations have been considered.

Economic development is one of the most important goals that countries pursue as their ultimate goal. One of the undeniable requirements of economic growth and development is investment, and the suffering of capital shortages, as an important factor of production, is a serious obstacle to the progress of countries, especially developing countries. Therefore, each country must provide the necessary conditions for proper investment - whether invested internally or by external absorption - to achieve sustainable and long-term economic growth and development. Considering the variety of investments and efforts to secure it, the author of the paper has based his purpose on the legal-judicial dimension and securing its investment. In this paper, the author has attempted to identify and classify the effective legal-judicial factors on investment security with a comprehensive and meticulous view, by studying the theoretical foundations and background of the research as well as analyzing upstream documents (such as Imam's guidelines). Revolution, the Laws and General Policies of the System), as the main purpose of this article. The main question of the research is "What is the indigenous model of securing investment security with emphasis on the legal-judicial dimension?" Identifying disruptive and affecting factors on investment security has been used to collect data from library, field and field data collection tools. The type of research is applied-developmental and the quantitative and qualitative approach and method used are survey. The scope of research is temporal (there is no limit to the research), location (Iran) and subject to the legal-judicial area and investment security. The research findings ultimately provide a native model of securing investment finance in a legal-judicial dimension that comprises 5 components: law enforcement, quality of law, judicial practice, regulatory oversight and legislative performance, design, and 15 indicators or benchmarks. A model or model has been presented to the authorities.

The social dimension of the political power construction causes that governments to take a particular approach to economic development in accordance with their social origins and class interests and pursue specific social policies in accordance with their development goals. The interaction process of "social aspects of state power construct", "social policy making" and "economic development" determines the direction, goals and reflections of the development of political power construct. The purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between the social dimensions of government and economic development in Iran through social policy making. this research has been done with a quantitative approach and descriptive- analytical method. Data were obtained applying two ways of library and expert survey. The co-occurrence analysis has been used to analyzed the obtained data. The statistical population includes professors of Tehran universities with specialties relevant to the subject of the current study. In this research, social components have been counted separately and its indicators in relation to social policy of economic development have been studied and analyzed. The results show that the indicators of social aspects of political power construction in seven components: "social capital", "social structure of population", "poverty and income distribution", "social support and security", "social aspects of government", "Social rights" and "Social Media and Communications" are related to the social policy of economic development in Iran.

The borders of West Asia in general and the Islamic Republic of Iran in particular, with regard to the ethnic-religious context, the influence of colonialism throughout history and the rivalry between powers in the region, have always been the site of conflicts, conflicts and security problems. In such a way that the geographical area gives a certain identity to a geographical area by combining other factors.Kurdistan Province, as a regional structure in its surroundings, faces major risks, challenges and developments in the security environment. The purpose of this article is descriptive-analytical in nature and using library and field resources to "explain and analyze security factors in the planning of border areas of Kurdistan province from a geostrategic perspective." Findings and results show that in the effective factors of security from a geostrategic perspective, the new position of the Kurds and the improvement of their situation in the region has played a great impact on the security of the border areas of Kurdistan province and has been given first priority. second priority, the phenomenon of terrorism in the region and the sensitivity of its spread in the border areas has caused a security look in the border areas of Kurdistan province. third priority, the military presence of world powers near the borders of the province, and in the fourth priority, the geopolitical rivalry of regional powers, and in the fifth priority, the power vacuum in Kurdish-populated countries have led to a security view of the border areas of Kurdistan province.

Lack of capital is one of the main causes of many countries caught up in the vicious cycle of poverty and underdevelopment. In such a situation, governments can not properly remedy financial shortfalls in order to remedy the situation. Factors affecting the security of investment are diverse. In some cases, these factors are fundamental and rooted in the culture or political structure of the country, while others relate to the economic approach of governments, overseas agents, and the operations of economic agents. Regarding the mentioned problem, the researcher decided to identify and categorize the effective economic factors on investment security and by studying the theoretical foundations and research background, as well as analysis of upstream documents (such as the Imam's Revolution's Guidelines, the main laws and general policies of the system), in The main purpose of the paper is to address this issue. What is the main question of the research "What is securing investment security with an emphasis on the economic dimension?" The type of applied research is developmental and the quantitative and qualitative approach and the method used in this survey. The realm of spatial research (Iran) is in terms of economic and investment security. The findings of the research eventually provide a native model of security of investment investment in the form of an economic dimension that has 5 components including the desired components of the conventional economic system, economic support, the role of governance in the economy, economic monitoring, and the provision of economic inputs, and 21 indicators or items It is presented to the authorities through a model or model.

The Islamic Revolution, led by Imam Khomeini, with the "foundation of the monotheistic worldview of Islam" and the focus on Velayat-e-Faqih, emerged at a time when the world was divided between material and atheistic discourses. The aim of the present study is to shed light on the possibility of re-reading the revolutionary discourse from Imam Khamenei's point of view in order to create an alternative plan for the reconstruction of a society of monotheism and the Islamic faith among the sub-discourses of the East and the West, especially in the twentieth century.Based on social science studies and the use of a set of statements, this research has developed a strategic plan for revolutionary discourse in accordance with the research methodology and their expectations. First, the research indicators were extracted from the heart of the research literature and presented with 65 experts with scientific backgrounds. In the end, we can conclude that the central concept of "revolutionaryism" that has been used many times in His Majesty's orders is a sufficient condition for the construction of a monotheistic society and a great step towards the creation of a new Islamic civilization. In fact, the discourse through revolutionaryism intended by the Supreme Leader of the Revolution has become in a logical, wise way, as an all-encompassing and acceptable discourse of the people so that it does not support a kind of public belief and universal knowledge in society.

The correct training of human resource is very complicated and the deviance and damage resulting from an improper training is very detrimental. The training of commanders, leaders and military leaders is based on the values ​​of the pure Islam is an internal process, and a without-root and exterior imposed action leads to attenuation and reduction of the effectiveness of the military organizations. In this paper, after analyzing the theoretical perspectives and theories about the definitions, elements in the realm of commandership and leadership, the researcher answers the main question that what are the effective factors and indices in the combinational military commanding model of the military organizations. This research is an applied study and used a case-field and correlational method by selecting a statistical sample from the statistical population (126 subjects who were selected by a stratified sampling with a purposeful approach, 30 individuals were selected). The findings show that the combined commanding involves the following 6 components of perceptual skills, technical skills, faculty skills, military leadership, self-esteem and creativity with relevant indicators that play a role in the design of a necessary combined commanding model for the military organizations.

Although there is various sights about soft threat stances and its concept,but analyzing security principles of Islam system imply that moral category play a prominent role in recognizing this one and even soft threat identity.That's why it is consider as a one of the softwar-type security making requirements in Islam that attempt on structure and reinforcement of moral security.In this article authors by using expository – analytical method aim to answer to this question that: what are the soft threat features that relates to moral security of Sadum tribe? Done analysis imply to: First, holy Quran on the basis of human nature congnition,plots some values and goals for him.In description of deviances counts some factors like psychological, social and even metaphysical, physical ones and from another side said that sexual deviance infrastructures are resulted from cultural failure and detour of Amre be marouf and nahy az monkar(it means order to being truth and avoiding from fault) Second,people justice flighting because of false social customs among themselves and neglecting norms, also can regard as the soft threat features that relates to Sadum tibe moral security.Third,corruption of family,being along with deviant people,social unorganized and situation, cultural incoherence, sneer and finally Sadum tribe ignorance are including semantic elements that cover soft threat in Sadum tribe.Fourth,from total notes which about theories present in this article, it is clear that security has a software-type nature and hard security without it, has no mean.

The fact that futurology is a new branch of knowledge, enforces many limitations in research in this field. The lack of sufficient preliminary studies on which the foundations of such research could be based, is among other problems in such research. The present study thus questions whether futurology as a branch of knowledge, and the tools that it provides to the researcher, is capable of being used in the military studies in general, and the armed forces in the IR of Iran’s in particular. A valid response to the question entails reflecting on the principles of futurology on the one hand, and considering the relevant religious principles on the other, to see how compatible they are, and to what extent this could be best taken advantage of in military studies. On this basis, the main research question is as follows: “Is it possible to take benefit of “futurology” as a new branch of knowledge in the process of military studies?”. If the answer to this question is positive, one more question will be raised: “Is there an optimized method of taking benefit of futurology in the IR of Iran’s armed forces by means of which officials can efficiently apply futurology to military studies?”. The aim of this research is to determine and explain an optimized method of futurology in military studies in the IR of Iran. The research is a descriptive-analytic one, and the information is gathered using library resources, and investigating into documents.