abbas heydari

Let G be a simple connected graph. The terminal distance matrix of G is the distance matrix between all pendant vertices of G. In this paper, we study the terminal distance matrix and compute the characteristic polynomial of this matrix for some rooted trees. Also we obtain lower bounds for the spectral radius of the terminal distance matrix of graphs and characterize those graphs for which the bounds are best possible.

Evaluating the efficacy of educational programs is a good way to assess the current situation, which requires the use of valid tools in this area. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Nursing Student Satisfaction Scale (NSSS).

The NSSS was translated from English to Persian using the standard forward‑backward method. After face validity, content validity was performed with qualitative method and quantitative method with CVR and CVI calculation for each item. Using convenience sampling, 297 nursing students were selected and completed the questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in SPSS and AMOS software were used to evaluate the construct validity of the scale.

In face validity, some items were modified based on the opinion of the target group. Item impact score for each item was at least 1.7 to 2.5. Moreover, S‑CVI/Ave = 0.966, S‑CVI/UA = 0.706, and the content validity ratio for each of the items was 0.87‑1. According to the results of factor analysis, the three factors introduced in the main tool were approved with acceptable values. All indices of CFI = 0.906, ÷2/df = 1.572, and RMSEA = 0.0609 confirmed the fit of the final model. In addition, the reliability of the instrument obtained using the internal matching method (Cronbach’s alpha) for the whole instrument was 0.90.

The Persian version of the NSSS has acceptable psychometric indicators in the population of Iranian nursing students.

Estimation of air temperature is importan in environmental and agricultural sciences. The aim of this study is prediction of daily air temperature (mean, maximum and minimum) using several types of AI models, in Rasht station north of Iran. According to the results, the adaptive neural-fuzzy inference system, artificial neural network, and gene expression programming were ranked first, second and third, respectively, despite of a slight difference in prediction accuracy of the selected models. Besides, the developed mathematical equation between the input and output variables using the gene expression programming model showed the superiority of this approach to the other two models. Based on the SI index for the minimum and mean daily temperature in training period is varied in range of 0.1 to 0.2, i.e acceptable in terms of model accuracy. For the maximum temperature it ranged 0.2 to 0.3 which is considered as average accuracy. The findings revelead the best performance can be obtained using inputs in one to three days lead time.

The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that an important priority for advancing nursing education is to ensure that nurses are competent to provide effective care during a pandemic or other disasters. This study aimed to determine the clinical competencies required by nurses during the COVID-19 crisis and determine the factors affecting these competencies.

A systematic review was used to carry out this project. First, the keywords of clinical competence, COVID-19, and nurse were searched in the title and abstract of the articles available in PubMed, Scopus, and web of Science databases, using AND and OR operators.

10 related studies were included in the present study. Based on the findings of this systematic review, the clinical competencies needed by nurses in the care of patients with COVID-19 are placed in 4 dimensions: knowledge and experience about COVID-19 disease, prevention ability, preparation ability, medical care and rescue ability. Factors affecting these competencies include: education level, work experience, work experience in infectious or isolation departments, age, sex, job rank, and experience in practicing emergency skills.

The results of this study showed that nurses have poor to average performance in terms of knowledge, experience and preparation against the Covid19 crisis, so training programs and skills development should be designed in such a way that nurses can be empowered to provide the best care and prevention

People with COVID-19 experience high levels of anxiety due to uncertain results and quarantine. Progressive muscle relaxation shows promising therapeutic effects on anxiety in people with COVID-19. This study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation in patients with COVID-19.

Both experimental and non-experimental studies related to PMR and COVID-19 were systematically searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar Science Direct, and Cochrane Library Clinical trial.gov databases from the outbreak to December 2022. 2 independent authors did study selection, methodological quality assessment, and data extraction.

The standardized mean difference between the two intervention and control groups was 3.35 (95% CI: 1.71-4.99), which was statistically significant (P=0.0001<0.05) and indicated the improvement of anxiety in the intervention group. The value of 98%, with a significant level of P<0.05 (P=0.0001), for the I2 index indicates the high heterogeneity of the studies. The results show that the effect of PMR on the anxiety of COVID-19 patients was significantly higher than that of the control group (z=4, p<0.0001). The SMD index of anxiety in two groups with a 95% confidence interval was 3.35 (95% CI: 1.71-4.99). Based on the results of the Egger test, the bias in publication is significant (p=0.001<0.05).

PMR interventions can improve anxiety in patients with COVID-19 compared to routine care.

Mythology and mysticism have deep and studyable links. Jung's theory about archetypes and the theory of mysticism about the perfect human being is an interesting example of this connection, which is discussed in this article. In Zal's story, the archetype of flight perfectly reveals the link between myth and mysticism. A perfect human being like Zal and Rostam must overcome the seven khans of the city of love with a difficult struggle to reach the light. In this article, in a library manner and citing first-hand sources, the comparison of the mythological archetypes of the story of Zal and the perfect human in mysticism is analyzed and it is shown that the semantic connection between them is very abundant and what is seen in the Shahnameh to introduce a hero like Zal is one of the common features of myth and mysticism, which can be collected in the form of Jungian archetypes. The result of this adaptation is the root of the unity of human culture in the primary examples which, although it has been presented in different fields in different cultures or religions in appearance, it originates from a single source, which is also an example for the origin of the unity of religions, mysticism and mythology.

Implicit rationing of nursing care is a growing concern in health care systems and can cause adverse consequences for patients. Considering the importance of the issue in the health system, it is necessary to clarify the different dimensions of this concept. Therefore, this study was conducted to clarify the concept of implicit rationing of nursing care using Walker and Avant's approach.

Walker and Avant’s approach was used to analyze the concept of implicit rationing of care. The search was conducted in the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, SID, Iran Medex, Magiran databases using the keywords of implicit rationing, nursing care, implicit rationing of nursing care, and rationing of nursing care without a time limit until October 2023. Finally, according to entry and exit criteria, 13 relevant articles were analyzed.

The review of the literature showed that the concept of implicit rationing of nursing care is a complex concept with numerous dimensions. The antecedents of this concept are related to patients, nurses, and the organization. Decision-making, prioritization, outcome assessment, obligation to perform nursing care, and disruptions in the process of performing nursing interventions were identified as the determining features of the concept of implicit rationing of nursing care.

The present study showed that implicit rationing of nursing care was a multifaceted concept. Nursing managers and researchers can use the results of this study to design effective measures and interventions to reduce its incidence.

 A maternal near-miss (MNM) case is defined as “a woman who nearly died but survived from life-threatening pregnancy or childbirth complication”. This study was conducted on health care providers and near-miss mothers (NMMs) with the aim of discovering the unmet needs of Iranian NMM.

 In this qualitative study 37 participants of key informants, health providers, NMMs and their husbands were selected using purposive sampling. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted for data collection until data saturation was achieved. Data were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman conventional content analysis.

 The analysis revealed the core category of “the need for comprehensive support”. Eight categories included “psychological”, “fertility”, “information”, “improvement the quality of care”, “sociocultural”, “financial”, “breastfeeding” and “nutritional” needs emerging from 18 sub-categories, were formed from 2112 codes.

 Many of the real needs of NMM have been ignored. Maternal health policymakers should provide standard guidelines based on the needs discovered in this study to support the NMMs’ unmet needs.

The prevalence of breastfeeding is less common among adolescent mothers than adultmothers. These mothers experience various issues during breastfeeding. The present study aimed toexplore the normative needs of adolescent mothers during breastfeeding from health care providers’perspective. This qualitative content analysis study was conducted from October 2022 until June 2023.14 health care providers who had worked in the field of breast milk were purposefully selected withmaximum variation. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted and sampling continueduntil data saturation. Data analysis was performed using Graneheim and Lundman’s method withMAXQDA software version 10. The main concepts obtained from the data were classified into one theme entitled,“comprehensive support”, and seven categories including “need to correct wrong traditional beliefs”,“educational and counseling needs”, “providing quality services”, “need for psychological support”,“need for protective laws”, “financial needs”, and “the need for social network support”. Adolescent mothers in Iran have various needs during breastfeeding, and they requirethe assistance of their families, healthcare providers, and the government to fulfill them. Therefore, itis also recommended that policymakers in the health system should design policies to accommodatethe requirements of this group of mothers. In addition to policy development in the health system, theinfrastructure required for policy and law to be executed should be considered.

The present study aims to provide a model of strategic marketing capabilities based on competitive advantage in the banking industry based on the foundation data approach. The research method is qualitative and based on data theory of the foundation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data and data analysis was performed by Strauss and Corbin method and paradigm model. Sampling was theoretical sampling method and was done using targeted (judgmental) techniques. According to the systematic model of data foundation theory, 15 people were selected for the statistical community of experts and managers with experience in the banking industry. The findings of this study indicate that for the successful implementation of a strategic marketing model based on competitive advantage Develop a positive understanding of marketing more in the field of competitive advantage activities. They can also provide a better picture of their services by emphasizing strategic marketing capabilities in order to pay attention to competitive patterns and take steps to develop a competitive advantage. In addition, this study warns managers about the need to pay attention to strategic marketing capabilities based on competitive advantage in the banking industry.

 Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a group of congenital and chronic diseases that cause many difficulties for children and their parents.

 This review aims to identify the needs that they are faced in caring.

 This is an integrative review using the method of Whittemore and Knafl (2005). The databases of PubMed, Web of Science (ISI), SID, and Google Scholar were searched in English and Persian without any time and methodology restrictions in October and November 2022.

 After screening the documents, 19 articles, consisting of 9 quantitative, 7 qualitative, and 3 review studies, were retrieved. Three categories of needs, including children, parents, and the healthcare system, were identified. The most reported needs were related to diet, psychological, social, and financial support dimensions and the necessity of implementing a multidisciplinary and coordinated care approach.

 Children with IEMs and their parents have many needs that can be satisfied through a multidisciplinary, patient-centered, and coordinated care approach.

tele nursing has become increasingly important in supporting caregivers of Covid-19 patients. Technology can help nursing in such situations. This study reviews the effect of tele nursing on caregivers in the Covid.

The present study was a systematic review on the impact of remote nursing programs in supporting and meeting the needs of caregivers of patients' families during the Covid era. The search for observational and interventional articles published in English in PubMed، Cinahl، Embase Scopus و Web of Science was conducted in the period of 2019 to 2022 with the keywords tele nursing, tele health, family, caregivers, covid. After completing the search and evaluation of articles using the JBI checklist and articles that have entry criteria, the study was entered.

2126 related articles published between 1991 and 2022 were identified in the initial search. After removing irrelevant articles, finally 6 articles were examined. Tele-nursing has had a significant impact on improving satisfaction and knowledge, self-efficacy and efficiency and reducing the burden of care, the perceived stress of caregivers in the era of Covid-19.

In other words, tele nursing can help caregivers learn more about COVID-19 and how to care for their loved ones at home. It can also help them feel less alone and more supported. However, it is important to make sure that all caregivers have access to the technology and resources they need to use tele nursing effectively.

Individuals diagnosed with psychiatric disorders are recognized as a minority group that is socially discriminated against, stigmatized, and rejected. Multiple sources of stigma for patients with psychiatric disorders, including newspapers, films, TV, websites, and books, promote negative stereotypes. Since the influence of the media on people''''''''s views and thinking toward these patients is very important, the purpose of this study is to understand the lived experiences of the patients with psychiatric disorders of media stigma. 

This hermeneutic phenomenological study is part of a Ph.D. dissertation in nursing. The main study was performed on 12 psychiatric patients in Ibn-e-Sina Hospital in Mashhad-Iran, in 2017. They were selected based on a purposive sampling method. Unstructured in-depth interviews for data collection were used. Data analyses were done with the interpretative phenomenological analysis method. 

Media misrepresentation is one of the main themes of the phenomenon understudy in the original project. It consists of two subs themes; media exaggeration and disturbing public opinion. Several shared meanings support each of these. 

The results of this study are suitable for combating stigma in patients with psychiatric disorders in Iran. Also, the findings of this study can shape the interventions and policies to prevent the spread of stigma through media about people with psychiatric disorders.

The development of e-commerce and online shopping has given rise to emerging concepts of consumer behavior, including webrooming. Due to the novelty of the concept of webrooming in this study, an attempt has been made to provide a conceptual framework to explain this behavior and the factors affecting its formation.

In this regard, a field survey study was conducted by distributing questionnairy among a sample consisting of 384 gold and jewelry customers in Tehran. The questionnaires consisting of 9 dimensions and 38 items were distributed among the members of the statistical sample after ensuring reliability and validity. Data analysis along with partial least squares technique and Smart PLS software were used.

According to the results, the benefits of online and offline channels have a significant impact on webrooming attitude; It was also discovered that attitude, perceived risk, anticipated regret, subjective norms and behavioral control have a significant impact on behavioral inclination and webrooming.

The results of goodness of fit showed that the proposed model in this research has a good validity and fit. Given that webrooming has a negative impact on online sales; the results help online retailers mitigate this phenomenon by targeting webrooming antecedents.

The global prevalence of stigma associated with psychiatric disorders is undeniable. People with psychiatric disorders continue to suffer a great deal of prejudice, discrimination, and stigma from the mainstream of the community. Hence, this human disability is a global emergency and requires immediate emprise and long-term actions. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the stigma phenomenon based on the experiences of patients with psychiatric disorders.

This research is a qualitative study of the Hermeneutic phenomenology in Ibn-e-Sina Psychiatric Hospital in Mashhad-Iran. In the qualitative phase, 12 clients with psychiatric disorders were selected through the purposive sampling. Data were analyzed by the interpretive methods of Dickelman, Allen, and Tanner (1989).

In this study, one constitutive pattern titled "from the sky to the earth" and 6 themes and 23 sub-themes of the phenomenon under study were discovered. Themes include Family, suffering nest; Society, the end of darkness; Psychiatric hospital; unsafe place, Inexpressive Media, Broken personality; and Vortex of stigma.

The findings demonstrated that clients with psychiatric disorders received stigma from multiple sources that have shadowed their various areas of life and have led to adverse outcomes.

Health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) among the survivors of colorectal cancer (CRC) is essential to reduce CRC complications, prevent its recurrence, and improve survival. Nonetheless, there is no comprehensive definition for the concept of HPL in CRC survivors. This study aimed to define the concept of HPL among CRC survivors based on the existing literature.

This integrative review was conducted in 2021 using Whittemore and Knafl’s method. The national and international databases of SID, Magiran, ProQuest, Medline, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched. Quality appraisal was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) and the data were analyzed using the four-step approach proposed by Whittemore and Knafl.

After data evaluation, 167 documents were included in final analysis. In total, 1863 codes were generated and categorized into eighteen main categories and the three main themes of antecedents, attributes, and consequences. Accordingly, HPL among CRC survivors was defined as “a set of behaviors in the areas of health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, psychological management, and interpersonal relations which are affected by socio-demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, psychological status, physical conditions, time and place limitations, and patient education, and lead to better disease prognosis, better general health status, better bio-psycho-social status, and better quality of life”.

The definition of HPL among CRC survivors provided in the present study can be used in counseling, educational, supportive, and care programs for CRC survivors in order to improve their quality of life and survival.

The objective of this study is to explore the role of wearable technologies in enhancing health and productivity among entrepreneurs in the workplace. This qualitative study collected data through semi-structured interviews with 24 entrepreneurs. Data analysis was conducted using qualitative content analysis. Five main themes were identified: use of wearable technologies, impact on work productivity, innovation in the workplace, work-life balance, and sustainability of entrepreneurs' health. Each theme comprised several sub-categories and related concepts. Wearable technologies can play a significant role in improving health and increasing productivity among entrepreneurs in the workplace. However, their use should consider challenges related to privacy and data security.

Unlike other organizations, employees of the oil company retire at the age of 60, and their retirement is not based on 30 years of service. Therefore, they require more attention during their retirement. Accordingly, the aim of this research is to design and explain a socially responsible marketing model with an emphasis on the retired community in Gachsaran Oil and Gas Exploitation Company. The research method was mixed-exploratory, based on foundational data theory in the qualitative phase, using purposive sampling, and in the quantitative phase, using descriptive and inferential statistics and structural equations analysis. The results show that Gachsaran Oil and Gas Exploitation Company has a process that cannot be performed separately from society. Therefore, having socially responsible marketing in the company can help retirees with public services and provide a way to strengthen the motivation of employees and support the interests of the community during retirement. Thus, these organizations need managers who can determine the future path of the organization with depth, guide individuals to the determined path, and create motivation for transformation based on social marketing in employees of organizations

The Kragujevac trees  where are used in molecular graphs have been studed by researchers of graph Theory in last years. In this paper, we study  the characteristic polynomial and spectrum of adjacency and Laplacian matrices of regular Kragujevac trees. As application of our obtained results, we compute a upper bound for spectral redius, energy of graph and kirchhoff index of  Kragujevac trees.

Despite patients’ and caregivers’ approval of the importance of compassionate care, without proper measurement, we cannot know the level of compassion or the effectiveness of interventions. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Schwartz for Compassionate Care scale.

The scale was translated using the back and forward technique. The construct validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. Concurrent validity was examined by Pearson’s correlations between this scale and the patient satisfaction with nursing care quality questionnaire. The reliability was assessed using test-retest and internal consistency methods.

The results of the confirmatory factor analysis reported almost adequate values for all fit indices (χ2/df = 2/85, RMSEA= 0/07, CFI= 0/88, GFI=0/92, AGFI=0/88 TLI=0/90) and concurrent validity was high. Cronbach’s alpha was reported as 0.95 and the results of the test-retest in checking the time stability of the scale were reported as 0.78. 

It can be concluded that Schwartz’s Compassionate Care scale had almost acceptable validity and reliability for Iranian nurses’ caring behavior. Therefore, the Persian version of this scale should be used with caution in Iran.

A combined morphological and molecular survey was performed to determine the agent of human linear dermatitis Paederus Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae, Paederinae) species composition in Mazandaran Prov ince in the Caspian Sea coast in northern Iran, where most of linear dermatitis cases of the country occurred.

Altogether, 397 Paederus specimens were collected from May to August 2021 and classified using morphological characters and ITS2-rDNA sequence analysis.

Morphological investigation revealed that all the specimens were Paederus fuscipes. ITS2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) direct-sequences and the profiles of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) derived from digestion of PCR products by HinfI, HpaII, and SalI enzymes were identical confirming the morphological results, implying that all specimens belonged to a single taxon.

Paederus fuscipes (Fabricius, 1775) is considered the dominant taxon and responsible for linear dermatitis in Ma zandaran Province. To our knowledge, we have provided the first molecular typing of Paederus beetles at the species level, suggesting that ITS2-rDNA characterization is an alternative tool for species discrimination of Paederus spp.

Ostomy‑related challenges in everyday life may negatively affect patients’ Quality of Life (QL), even long after ostomy surgery. Nurses provide care interventions that may have a significant effect on the patients’ QL. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to determine evidence of effective nursing interventions on the QL of patients with an ostomy.

A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‑Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. English articles published from 2000 to 2021 were identified and retrieved from PubMed, Medscape, MedlinePlus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley Online Library, ProQuest, ClinicalKey, SAGE, IRCT, and Cochrane. We assessed all included studies (18 articles) using the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist.

Interventions reviewed in the study were categorized based on intervention, content of nursing intervention, training method, and target group of the nursing intervention. The nursing interventions involved natural treatments, self‑care, and psychological support for patients. The training methods used in the studies included demonstration and lecture, mixed media presentation including PowerPoints, and Internet tools such as WeChat Applications. Some interventions were only presented to patients, caregivers, caregivers and patients together, or peer patients.

According to the results of the present study, it is suggested that a regular care plan be used with the participation of families and patients from pre‑operational to discharge along with nurses’ follow‑ups and home care to promote the QL. A combination of self‑care and psychological education can promote these patients’ QL.

 Providing psychological support is one of the traditional roles of nurses for patients with HIV/AIDS. Searching the literature showed that various psychological interventions have been performed by nurses to support HIV/AIDS patients; however, no summary of these interventions is available. We aimed to systematically review the interventional studies which investigated the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions delivered by nurses to HIV/AIDS patients.

 This systematic review was performed based on Cochrane’s handbook of systematic reviews of interventional studies. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement were used in this study. The databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus and World Health Organization were searched from January 2009 to December 2022. Based on inclusion criteria, nine studies included in this systematic review. Cochrane data extraction form was used for the systematic review and the article’s information was summarized using the modified Jadad scale.

 The interventions provided by the nurses included: virtual and face-to-face educational programs, written information resources, palliative care, motivational interview, case management, home visit, and care services, along with face-to-face and telephone follow-up. These interventions have a significant positive effect on the quality of life and management of high-risk behaviors, disease management, symptoms and complications, adherence to treatment, immune function, and mental health in patients with HIV/AIDS.

 The results of the present study show that despite the fact that the interventions have a purely psychological content and can be done with various methods, they are able to have positive consequences in physical, psychological, behavioral, and laboratory health in HIV/AIDS patients.