ali feizollahi

This study has been conducted with the aim of presenting the model of political intelligence of human resources with the approach of social accountability. The method of this quantitative research is correlational and descriptive, and quantitative method was used to present the model of political intelligence of human resources, which are 488 people, And after sampling through Cochran's formula, 216 sample items were selected and this number of questionnaires were distributed and completed and collected by . The validity of the tool was confirmed through the advice and guidance of the supervisors, and the reliability of the tool was also confirmed through the calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient above 0.7. and inferential statistics were used to quantitatively analyze the model from confirmatory factor analysis in the form of SPSS25 and Lisrel 8.8 software. Statistical analysis was conducted on 31 categories and 103 subcategories (causal category including 4 themes, contextual category 5 themes, interventional category 5 themes, main core 6 themes, strategies 6 themes and consequences 5 themes) that formed the conceptual framework of the research. the findings, it can be said that the current proposed model can increase the political intelligence of public sector managers by emphasizing accountability. And the significant T-value test, which was observed to be greater than 1.96, shows the fit of the structural model and the confirmation , And the results of the structural model also showed that research variables have a positive effect on each other with path coefficient and T-value. and finally,

The present study aimed to investigate the expandability of Iranian export to Brazil using both micro and macro-level approaches. At the micro-level, Iran's export that keeps pace with the Brazilian market were identified based on relevant conventional indicators including normalized revealed comparative advantage index, Cosine index and simple estimation of trade potential. Using HS two-digit data from 2001 to 2018, it is shown that Iran has an export potential to Brazil for some commodities. The impact of major macroeconomic factors on Iran's exports to Brazil is analyzed based on the gravity model and applying the vector error correction method (VECM). In the short-run and the long-run, the results confirm that Iran’s GDP, the joint population size of the two countries, air freight cost have a positive effect while Brazil’s GDP and Linder variable harm Iran’s export to Brazil. The ratio of the official exchange rate of Iran to Brazil has a positive effect in the short-run and a negative effect in the long-run. Brazil's membership in the WTO has a significant positive effect on Iran's exports to Brazil. While the impact of financial and nonfinancial sanctions on Iran's exports to Brazil is not significant. In summary, based on the macro-level indicators, the development of trade relations is logically justified. However, trade capacity between the two countries has not been realized in the given period due to political and international circumstances (not because of the lack of economic justification).

The two main characteristics of phraseological expressions, fixation and idiomaticity, not only can make the speaker who learns a language have difficulty in understanding the meaning, but also for native speakers, since the context in which they are used not always facilitate the translation. the expressions that are considered as a cultural and idiomatical characteristic of any languages and societies are not only an exception but they are a sum example of this kind of languages and cultures discrepancies. Meanwhile we sometimes observe that despite of cultural, geographical and languages discrepancies there are similitudes in some of the expressions and their usage. Therefore, this work focuses from the formal and semantic point of view in the comparative study of some daily used Spanish expressions and their equivalents in Farsi; The purpose of this comparison is to observe the differences and similarities in the way of making phraseological expressions in both languages.

This article analyzes social issues considered and discussed in scholars' weblogs in Ilam province and intends to firstly identify the most important social issues which had been discussed by these bloggers and secondly study the way they projected and reconstructed these issues. This research has gathered, compiled and analyzed the social issues mentioned in blogs of Illam Province’s bloggers using a qualitative approach. All compiled information was analyzed and categorized using Nvivo Edition 8 software. Research data shows the subjects discussed were in the following order:  social issues (37%), economic issues (25.5%), cultural issues (22%) and political matters (15.5%). Most bloggers rightly focused on a few sociological social issues. They first pointed out that the described issues are products of the defective structure of the society.  Secondly, all various social issues are somehow interrelated to each other and thirdly many of these social problems and issues are resolvable.

Comparative literature is defined as an empiric discipline within literary studies that focuses on the comparison between a literature and other literature (s) or other forms of human expression. Nowadays، due to the clash between the two trends existing in the discipline -the historical and the theoretical، comparative literature is immersed in a process of theoretical and practical renewal that focuses on the search for a new field of study.. Translation studies is one such field. The review of the influence of Spanish literature on Persian literature is important in three aspects: 1. the process of sampling 2. The category 3. Recreation of new style. In this article، different literary texts in Spanish that have arisen under the influence of Persian literature have been analyzed. I intended to demonstrate the effect of Persian literature on Spanish literature through loaning، while the function of Arabic language and literature as an intermediary language has also beenacknowleged whereever it was necessary.

The affixes in a languague are a masive web of morfolexical elements formed by two bases; the root and the bound. The combination of these two link the meaning of a word with a concept. The aim of the present paper is to study the similitud and dissimilitude in the funtion of these suffixes in both Spanish and Persian languages. We will study and compare the formation of new words across affixes and the convergences and existing differences between both mentioned languages.

Among the hazardous factors for society, addiction has duly attracted many scholars’ attention. The province of Ilam is seriously exposed to such a danger. Among other reasons, factors such as young structure of the population, special geographical location, its neighborhood to addiction triangle (Kermanshah, Lorestan and Khuzestan provinces), and close relationship between Ilam and these provinces has negatively affected the scope of addiction in Ilam, so that from 70s to date the number of addicts has noticeably increased. The growing number of drug addicts with their age being on the decrease has rendered addiction a social problem in the province. Thus, the present article studies related social factors of addiction among the youth from a sociological point of view seeking to point out influential conditions present in the social environment of an addict. In this study we selected survey research method. The required data has been collected and analyzed has been obtained through questionnaires filled in by a sample group of 132, 15-35 year-old addicts staying at Ilam’s Rehabilitation Center. Face validity were used for validity and Coronbach alpha was used for research reliability. The statistical methods of Pearson correlation and qui-squire were use to test the hypothesis. The results indicate that 48% of the respondents belong to 20-30 age groups. 74.5% were born in urban areas and 88.7% lived in the cities. 52.5% of the respondents were unemployed and 86.1% of the employed respondents were working in low statues private sectors. 29% had family traces for addiction and 46.2% of the respondents had more than three addicted friends with the average of 3.5 years of addiction period. Analysis of the collected data is indicative of the considerable impact of familiar effects, such as disorders in the family, propensity to addiction in the family, discrepancies in parental control, and lack of emotional attachment to the family on addiction among the youth. Among other factors observable in the study of the sample group, mention should be made of the destructive effect of uncontrolled opportunities, negative peer pressure, and unsuitable educational environment. In addition to endangering people’s health, addiction weakens their social norms and values. It also leads to cultural, social and personal collapse. a) The present confirmatory study notes a high degree of relationship between addiction and family background, its cultural orientation, family loyalty, and family discrimination and disorganization. When family does not shelter their members securely, they will join other social groups in which they feel secure. Such groups like deviant peers or friends often put them to danger. b) Due to the tendency for assimilation and imitation from friends, juvenile negative behavior may often result in familiarity with access to the drug materials. Meanwhile the study confirms the effect of juvenile subculture on the addiction among friends. The present research also supports an indirect relationship between addiction and religious commitment. That is, the probability for addiction grows when people are less committed to religious rituals. This is because such people have lower degree of self control for sin. The existing relationship between socializing institutions e.g. family, group of peers, educational environment, work place, uncontrolled social opportunities, etc. calls for the utilization of educational programs to strengthen the institution of the family, help with family management, and supervise the youth regarding uncontrolled social opportunities and contacts.