ali mostafaie

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important role in the initiation and progression of tumor cells. These cells can trigger signaling pathways involved in tumor progression. HOTAIR, an increased long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in breast cancer, has a vital role in the tumorigenesis and development of breast cancer cells.

In this study, a fibroblast cell culture medium was used to investigate its possible role in inducing the HOTAIR expression and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in breast cancer cells. CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were isolated from tumors of 6 patients with breast cancer and subjects with healthy breasts, respectively. The MCF-7 cells were cultured in a medium obtained from CAFs (CAF-CM) or NFs (NF-CM), and then the expression of HOTAIR and PI3K/Akt/mTOR in MCF-7 cells was assessed using Real-Time PCR. HOTAIR was silenced in MCF-7 cells using siRNAs and then cultured in CAF-CM or NF-CM. Subsequently, the phosphorylation status of PI3K/Akt/mTOR proteins was analyzed by western blotting.

Fibroblast culture medium enhanced the expression of HOTAIR and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in breast cancer cells. By HOTAIR silencing, reduced activity of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, as well as the lower effect of fibroblast culture medium in the induction of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, was seen.

HOTAIR can play a role as a mediator in inducing the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in breast cancer cells by the effect of cancer-associated fibroblast cells.

The present study conducted with the aim of investigating the role of perception of mental fatigue and emotional exhaustion in predicting job burnout of emergency department nurses. The present research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included all nurses working in the emergency departments of hospitals in the 4th district of Tehran in 2024, from which 200 people selected as a sample using the available and non-random sampling method. The data collected using Maslach & Jackson's Maslach Burnout Inventory (1981), Johansson et al's Mental Fatigue Scale (2010) Maslach et al's Emotional Exhaustion Questionnaire (1996). The multiple regression analysis method used to analyze the data in Spss software version 26. The findings of the research showed that the perception of mental fatigue and emotional exhaustion able to predict job burnout (p<0.05) and explained 54.1% of the variance of job burnout. Therefore, it can conclude that the perception of mental fatigue and emotional exhaustion play a significant role in predicting job burnout and it seems necessary to pay attention to these factors to reduce job burnout in nurses

The present investigate was conducted with the aim of the effect of cognitive fatigue on working memory and executive functions in female students.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with a control group,The statistical population of this research includeds the female students of the first secondary school in Urmia city in the academic year of 1400-1401,which is available by random sampling method 30 students selected and were simple randomly divided into two experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The experiment consisted of second phases.In the first stage, the participants were exposed to cognitive tasks and then in the second stage, the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive and N-Back working memory test was performed to compare the groups based on the amount of cognitive fatigue.The data were analysed by analysis of Covariance.

The results of data analysis using covariance analysis showed decrease in working memory and executive functions in the experimental group compared to the control group.

In general, the findings of the current research on the role of cognitive fatigue variables, which reduces the amount of working memory and executive functions And on the other hand, this type of fatigue is related to cognitive and brain functions.

Alkaloids are important compounds that have a high potential in the treatment of diseases, including types of tumors. Different alkaloids have antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects on different types of cancer in vitro and in vivo. Compounds such as camptothecin, vinblastine, and colchicine have already been successfully developed into anticancer drugs. Colchicine binds to tubulin and interferes with tubulin polymerization, thereby disrupting microtubule formation. This issue leads to inhibiting the migration of leukocytes and other inflammatory cells and inhibiting the mitosis of dividing cells. Colchicine can also increase free cellular tubulin to limit mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells through the inhibition of mitochondrial membrane voltage-gated anion channels. In addition, extensive research has shown that colchicine has anti-proliferative and anti-cancer properties in a wide variety of cell lines and animals. In addition, recent studies have shown that colchicine, as an anticancer agent, can effectively induce apoptosis. This is shown by its inhibitory effects on the growth of several tumor cell lines in vitro and in vivo, including gastric cell, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholangiocarcinoma. To Colchicine is highly toxic at high doses, which limits its use in human cell therapy. Apoptosis is a regulated and programmed cell death process that involves the activation of various molecules to initiate cell death. Specific activation of apoptosis in tumor cells is a promising approach for cancer treatment. Considering the role of colchicine in inducing apoptosis, it can be considered a suitable candidate for investigating anticancer effects in the form of in vitro studies on breast cancer cell models and in vivo studies on mouse models with mammary tumors. However, the specific mechanisms of colchicine-induced cytotoxicity are controversial due to the variability of signaling pathways in different cell types. In addition, colchicine is highly toxic at high doses and the exact mechanism of its apoptotic effects in breast cancer cells is still unclear. Colchicine is an alkaloid widely used to treat gout. It also has a therapeutic effect on cancer through the induction of apoptosis, but the pathways involved in this process remain unclear. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of this drug on mouse Breast cancer cell line in vitro and in vivo.

This research is of a fundamental type that was carried out experimentally. First, mouse mammary cancer cells (4T1) purchased from Pasteur Institute of Iran were cultured. Then, the effect of colchicine on apoptosis and related signaling pathways was determined using various tests including cell viability assay, real-time PCR, annexin V and propidium iodide staining, and western blot analysis. In vivo studies were also performed after tumor induction in mice and then their treatment.Effect of colchicineand related signaling pathways were determined using different tests including cell viability assay, real-time PCR, annexin V and propidium iodide staining and western blot analysis. In vivo studies were investigated through tumor induction with 4T1 cells in mice and then their treatment. After tumor formation, the antitumor activity of colchicine was compared in cancer mice. Tumor tissues after isolation, fixation and staining with hematoxylin and eosin were examined with a microscope for the presence of cancer symptoms.

The results showed that colchicine at a concentration of about 300 μg/ml killed 50% of 4T1 cancer cells. Colchicine significantly increased Bax and P53 mRNA expression and decreased Bcl-2 gene expression. In the in vivo study, it was shown that in the tumor tissue of mice treated with colchicine, the evidence of apoptosis and the area of ​​destruction and necrosis was much wider than that of the untreated group. The in vivo study showed that in the group treated with colchicine, the tumor tissue showed more evidence of apoptosis than the control group, and in the treated group, the area of destruction and necrosis was much wider than in the untreated group. In the tumor tissues of mice in the control group (without treatment), the signs of malignancy were more severe than in the group that had been treated, and abnormal mitotic forms were abundantly seen. Also, no metastases to the liver and spleen were observed in the treated group as well as in the control group. Finally, it can be concluded that the oral intake of pure colchicine reduces the size of induced tumors in mice, prevents further proliferation and metastasis, and induces Apoptotic. Studies have shown that tumors that grow faster, such as tumors from 4T1 cancer cells, are more invasive and metastasize to the surrounding tissues, but the cells of these tumors (with a high proportion of dividing cells) are the most sensitive to toxic compounds of the cell cycle, such as colchicine. They have sin. Continuous use of these compounds causes a high percentage of exposed cells to be destroyed. Reduction in the size of tumors and metastasis of cells to other places in mice treated with colchicine was observed in the present study.

Studies have shown that tumors that grow faster, such as tumors from 4T1 cancer cells, are more invasive and metastasize to the surrounding tissues, but the cells of these tumors (with a high proportion of dividing cells) are the most sensitive to They have cell cycle toxic compounds such as colchicine. Continuous use of these compounds causes a high percentage of exposed cells to be destroyed. Reduction in the size of tumors and metastasis of cells to other places in mice treated with colchicine was clearly observed in the present study. Colchicine had an effective role in inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells, and its oral use reduced the size of induced tumors in mice, prevented further proliferation and metastasis, and induced apoptosis. The mechanism of toxicity of colchicine for cancer treatment is still not clear enough. In the present research, the results of all the tests showed that colchicine has an effective role in inhibiting the proliferation of mouse breast cancer cells and apoptosis through increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic genes and proteins Bax and p53, decreasing the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 genes and proteins, and ultimately induces the activation of caspases.

Nurses, as one of the basic and influential pillars of the health debate, need a spirit of responsibility and considering the important role that nurses' responsibility plays in improving the quality of nursing services, It is necessary to check the factors related to it. The aim of this study was to investigate the prediction of nurses' responsibility based on social negligence and expectation anxiety. The present research is part of applied research in terms of its purpose and In terms of method, in the form of a correlation design and Among the nurses working in Motahari Hospital in Urmia in 1401, 210 people were selected as a sample And they responded to Safarian Nia social anxiety (2012), Saffarinia and Tavakoli expectation anxiety (2012), and California Responsibility Scale (1997). The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and simultaneous regression in SPSS-26 software.Findings showed that social negligence and expectation anxiety have the ability to predict responsibility in nurses and explain 28.2 variances of variable responsibility in total (p <0.05). Therefore, based on the findings of the research, such a conclusion can be drawn, that by reducing social negligence and expectation anxiety can responsibility among nurses be improved which can be the foundation of quality and increase productivity in nurses.

Sluggish Cognitive Tempo is one of the new disorders that has been seriously considered in cognitive psychology and can be influenced by various factors. Hence, the purpose of this study was develop a structural model to explain Predicting Sluggish Cognitive Tempo based on cognitive-emotional regularity and cognitive ability with the mediating variable of cognitive load in children. The research method was correlational and structural equation modeling. For this purpose, from among the statistical population of elementary school students in Tabriz city in the academic year of 1400-1401,Number of 200 students by screening method and using the SCT Penny et al scale (2009) were selected as the sample group. The instruments used in this study was include scales of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Garnfsky et al (2009), Cognitive Ability Questionnaire (Nejati, 2013),Cognitive load Klepsch et al (2017). the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and SPSS 22 and SMART PLS software and Sobel test.The results showed that the conceptual model developed had a good fit with the data.The results of the structural relationships of the model showed that cognitive-emotional regularity and cognitive ability have a direct and significant effect on Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (p˂0.01). Also, cognitive ability had a direct and significant effect on cognitive load (p˂0.01), but cognitive-emotional regulation did not have a direct and significant effect on cognitive load (p˂0.15). The results of indirect relationships showed that cognitive-emotional regularity and cognitive ability with the mediating variable of cognitive load have a significant effect on Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (p˂0.01). Based on the results, the cognitive-emotional regularity and cognitive ability effect on cognitive load and Sluggish Cognitive Tempo.Therefore, by developing programs to educate and increase cognitive-emotional regularity and cognitive ability and reduce cognitive load in people with Sluggish Cognitive Tempo can be expected to improve Sluggish Cognitive Tempo in them.

The purpose of the present study is the effect of attention games on strengthening motor memory and inhibitory control of children with executive function disorders.

This study is a semi-experimental type with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all 9-11-year-old boys in the primary schools of Kalibar city in the academic year of 2021-2022, with random sampling method available,Using the questionnaire of children's executive functions,30 students were selected and divided into two experimental (n=15) and control (n=15) groups by simple random method. In.In order to measure the effect of the executive function disorder questionnaire intervention (BRIEF–P), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (1972) and Inhibitory Control Questionnaire Go/No Response Inhibitory Test (2005), Before and after training sessions were conducted on the control and experimental groups. Also, analysis of covariance was used to examine the effectiveness of intervention.

The results of one-way covariance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of motor memory and inhibitory control. Also, the executive functions of the experimental group compared to the control group, It has decreased from pre-test to post-test And this shows that the interventions have been effective And the severity of executive function disorder has decreased.

Attention game can be used as an effective method along with other treatment methods to increase the consolidation of motor memory and inhibitory control of children with executive function disorders.

The purpose of this research was to explain the role of false beliefs on the work-family conflict and the attitude towards the meaninglessness of lives Female-Headed Households in Shirvan and its suburbs. The type of this research is applied based on the purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of implementation method. The statistical population of the research include all female- Headed Households were covered by the Relief Committee of Shirvan and its suburbs, Using Morgan's table, the number of 200 people was estimated as the sample size,This number was selected using the available random sampling method.The research tools included false Jones belief questionnaires (1990), work-family conflict Carlson et al. (1989) and meaninglessness of life Steger et al. (2005). To analyze the data, statistical methods were used at the level of descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and at the level of inferential statistics Pearson's correlation coefficient test and multiple regression were used in the Spss software environment. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between false beliefs and work-family conflict of Female-Headed Households, All dimensions of false beliefs can predict work-family conflict; Among the dimensions of false beliefs, excessive worry combined with anxiety is the most important predictor of work-family conflict. Also, all aspects of false beliefs have a significant relationship with the meaninglessness of the lives of female heads of households, Among the dimensions of false beliefs, Helplessness to change is the most important predictor of meaninglessness in the life of female heads of the household. Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that false beliefs predict the intensity and level of work-family conflict and the attitude towards the meaninglessness of the life of female -Headed Households.

Introduction:

Reducing the genetic diversity of crops as a result of the use of breeding processes leads to the loss of a large number of useful genes and thus reduces the diversity of genetic resources, which is one of the undeniable tools of breeding programs. Therefore, researches aimed at studying the genetic diversity of crops can be an effective aid in preserving genetic resources and identifying superior genotypes. Electrophoresis of seed storage proteins is a useful tool to study the characteristics of wheat genotypes in terms of storage proteins diversity. 

Materials and Methods:

In the present study, the diversity of seed storage proteins of 25 durum wheat genotypes obtained from different regions of Iran, including some landraces and commercial cultivars, was investigated using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Storage proteins of the studied genotypes were scored and analyzed after extraction and electrophoresis. Grain protein content and total gluten were measured by NIR and glutomatic gluten washer machines, respectively.  

Results and Discussion:

Electrophoresis identified 14 polymorphic bands. Molecular analysis of variance between landraces and commercial cultivars showed 100% intragroup diversity. Cluster analysis using Jaccard coefficients by UPGMA method divided the studied genotypes into 4 groups. Genotypes No. 9 (Land race of Mashhad), 18 (Land race of Ahar) and 24 (Landrace of Islamabad Gharb) were placed each in a separate group and the rest of the genotypes formed another group. The two-dimensional graph resulting from principal component analysis also confirmed these four groups. Based on Jaccard similarity matrix, the lowest similarity and highest genetic distance were determined between genotypes No. 24 (Land race of Islamabad Gharb) with genotypes No. 21 (Dehdasht cultivar), 22 (Land race of Khorramabad), 23 (Dena cultivar) and 25 (Land race of Khorramabad) with a similarity coefficient of 0.41 was obtained. On the other hand, comparing the mean of genotypes for qualitative traits of grain protein content and total gluten, the highest amount of these two traits for genotypes No. 3 (Landrace of Kermanshah), 4 (Landrace of unknown-Iran), 1 (Landrace of Khoram Abad) and 2 (Landrace of Khoramabad) and the lowest values of both traits were obtained for genotype No. 24 (Landrace of Islamabad-West). Genotype No. 18 (Landrace of Ahar) is also one of the genotypes with high amounts of gluten. 

Conclusion:

The electrophoretic pattern of seed storage proteins can determine genetic diversity based on the presence or absence of protein bands. Therefore it can be a useful tool to identify the genetic diversity of different plants. It is also possible for genotypes that have the greatest genetic distance and at the same time have good quantitative and qualitative traits to participate in breeding programs as parents. In the present study, according to the study of genotypes by analyzing the variance of qualitative traits of grain protein content and total gluten and comparing the mean and grouping them using the information obtained by electrophoresis, a cross can be found between genotypes genotypes No. 3 (Landrace of Kermanshah), 4 (Landrace of unknown-Iran), 1 (Landrace of Khoram Abad) and 2 (Landrace of Khoramabad) Due to their high content of gluten and protein with genotype No. 18 (Landrace of Ahar) due to its high content of gluten and acceptable genetic distance with the mentioned genotypes

Breast cancer is one of the major causes of mortality among women. Due to many side effects of the existing chemotherapeutic agents, the research of anti-cancer drugs, including natural products, is still a big challenge. Here, we investigated the effects of colchicine on apoptosis of two breast cancer cell lines ( human MCF-7 and mouse 4T1).

In this experimental study, we evaluated the apoptotic effects of colchicine on (MCF-7) and (4T1), as well as a human cancer-associated fibroblast cell line as a control group. Extraction and chromatographic techniques were applied to isolate colchicine from Colchicum autumnale L. To compare the isolated colchicine with pure standard colchicine, we used the H-NMR technique. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting and annexin V/PI staining were used to evaluate the apoptotic effects of the isolated and standard colchicine.

Similar to standard colchicine, the isolated colchicine inhibited cell proliferation significantly in cancer cell lines. Colchine inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis on a dose-dependent manner. The medicine modified the expression of genes-related to apoptosis by up-regulation of P53 ,BAX, CASPASE-3, -9 and down-regulation of BCL-2 gene, which led to an increase in the BAX/BCL-2 ratio.

We showed that isolated colchicine from Colchicum autumnale and pure standard colchicines modulate the expression levels of several genes and therefore exerting their anticancer effects on both human (MCF-7) and mouse (4T1) breast cancer cells. Based on these results, we suggest that colchicine can be a potential candidate for prevention and treatment of breast cancer.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is common in children but rare in adults. Vincristine (VCR) is one of the drugs used at the beginning of treatment. Some genes are resistant to VCR in B-ALL. 

Here, we examined the effect of VCR on gene expression changes in a T-ALL cell line, Jurkat. The MTT method was used to determine the IC50 in Jurkat cells treated with different concentrations of VCR for 48 and 72 hours. Total RNA was isolated from the cells and cDNA was prepared. The Human Cancer Drug Target PCR Array kit was used to evaluate the 84 gene expression changes in Jurkat cells. Protein-protein interaction was analyzed by STRING software.

We identified 66 differentially expressed genes as comparison to untreated cells. The response to VCR-induced apoptotic events was remarkable in the pathways of heat shock protein, topoisomerase, protein kinases, cathepsins and cell cycle. In other pathways, there were resistant genes as well as sensitive genes to VCR treatment. Some proteins like HSP90AA1 and ESR1 had determining associations with other proteins.

The results suggest VCR target genes in T-ALL cells may be beneficial biomarkers for ALL treatment and can be used to select appropriate synergistic drugs for VCR.

Further development of magnetic-based detection techniques could be of significant use in increasing the sensitivity of detection and quantification of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The present work addresses the fabrication and characterization of a new bio-nano composite based on the immobilization of goat anti-HBsAg antibody on modified core-shell magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) by (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), named Fe3 O4 @SiO2 /NH2 , and magnetic NPs modified by chitosan (Fe3 O4 @CS).

At the first step, Fe3 O4 was modified with the silica and APTES (Fe3 O4 @SiO2 /NH2 ) and chitosan (Fe3 O4 @CS) separately. The goat anti-HBsAg antibody was activated by two different protocols: Sodium periodate and EDC-NHS. Then the resulted composites were conjugated with activated goat anti-HBsAg IgG. An external magnet collected Bio-super magnetic NPs (BSMNPs) and the remained solution was analyzed by the Bradford method to check the amount of attached antibody to the surface of BSMNPs.

The findings indicated that activation of antibodies by sodium periodate method 15-17 µg antibody immobilized on 1 mg of super magnetic nanoparticles (SMNPs). However, in the EDC-NHS method, 8-10 µg of antibody was conjugated with 1 mg of SMNPs. The resulting bio-magnetic NPs were applied for interaction with the HBsAg target using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). About 1 µg antigen attached to 1 mg SMNPs, which demonstrated that the fabricated materials are applicable in the detection scope of HBsAg.

In the present study, we developed new antibody-conjugated magnetic NPs for the detection of HBsAg using an efficient conjugation strategy. The results demonstrated that the binding capacity of Fe3 O4 @SiO2 /NH2 was comparable with commercially available products. Our designed method for conjugating anti-HBsAg antibody to a magnetic nanoparticle opens the way to produce a high capacity of magnetic NPs.

Considering the importance of wheat, it is very important to identify the expressed proteins in the different stages of growth for improvements and enhancing the efficiency of production. The stage between germination and tillering is called leaf development. In the leaf development stage, the seed embryo has three primate cells of leaf that they start to divide after the growth of meristem of stem’s peak starts to germinate and it contributes to emergence of a new leaf. The sampling was happened in three stages: one leaf, two leaves, and three leaves. The proteins were extracted according to TCA-acetone method from the wheat leaf samples. They were separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis later. 360 repeatable protein spots were identified with by analyzing the gels extracted from two-dimensional electrophoresis. From this number, 31 protein spots indicated significant changes in 5% level in the different stages of leaf development. 55% of identified proteins indicated the decrease of expression and 19% shows the increase in expression and 26% of identified proteins did not have regular and significant changes. Finally, each protein spot with meaningful changes, regarding the molecule weight, isoelectric point, the shape of spot and with search in related literature and uniprot website, was identified possibly. The results showed that a vast range of metabolic activities including photosynthesis, breathing, proteins, biosynthesis, proteins transformation, assembly and packing of proteins, carbohydrates, biosynthesis, message translation system, detoxification, and genetic fundamental procedures (replication, duplication and translation) were changed during the different stages of leaf development. Most proteins showed the decrease of expression, were from chloroplast enzymes and mitochondrial enzymes. And most proteins that had increasing change procedure were from healing and protective proteins.

The aim of the present study was to the effectiveness of psychological immunization training On Psychological Neurological Skills and Behavioral Symptoms(Attention Deficit and Impulsivity) of Children with(ADHD) based on the Meichenbaum model.

The research method was a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with a follow-up and control group. Purposeful sampling is used for this purpose of 7-12-year-old children with ADHD Disorder who were under training in Primary school centers in Urmia. 30 children were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental(n = 15) and control(n = 15) groups. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 1-hour sessions(two days per week) of the immunization model of Meichenbaum Model. The data from the study were analyzed via ANCOVA.

The results showed that psychological immunization training on neuropsychological skills(Attention, executive functions, language, learning, and reading) and Behavioral Symptoms(Attention Deficit and Impulsivity) of Children with Attention Deficit – Hyperactivity Disorder Had a significant effect (p < 0/05).psychological immunization training on It has not been effective in the visual-spatial processing performance of hyperactivity children.

According to the findings of this study Meichenbaum model-based immunization training was used as an effective way to improve neuropsychological skills and behavioral Symptoms in children with attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder.

Over recent years, nosocomial infections, and the morbidity and mortality associated with pathogenic bacteria have dramatically increased due to antibiotic resistance and imposed significant burdens on the global health system. Critical shortage of effective therapeutics against multidrug-resistant bacteria highlights the need for development of novel antibiotics. Actinobacteria are well-known sources of natural bioactive compounds, especially antibiotics. Nearly two-thirds of the antibiotics on the market have actinobacterial origins. Endophytic actinobacteria residing within plants contribute to the plant growth and survival by producing plethora of secondary metabolites. Therefore, isolation, cultivation, and identification of new strains, as well as their potential to produce antimicrobial compounds, are of great importance. Lack of published research in this field highlights the importance of this review in Iran. The aim of this review was to present the latest methods for the isolation and identification of endophytic actinobacteria and introducing relevant databases. We also studied the most recent isolated strains, chemical structure of 51 newly identified secondary metabolites, and their potential medical-pharmaceutical applications. This study revealed that endophytic actinobacteria are prolific sources of bioactive secondary metabolites with high levels of structural diversity and potent pharmaceutical and medicinal applications.

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease in which intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin (SELE) are consistently expressed in the vascular endothelium. Several evidence support the crucial role of adhesion molecules in the development of atherosclerosis and plaque instability. Due to the anti-inflammatory activity of Tribulus terrestris (TT), the present study investigated the effect of aqueous extract and saponin fraction of TT on the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and SELE genes in endothelial cells during normal and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced conditions. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human bone marrow endothelial cells (HBMEC) were cultured, stimulated by LPS, and treated with aqueous extract and saponin fraction of TT. Finally, the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and SELE genes were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. LPS-induced HUVECs and HBMECs significantly increased the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and SELE in comparison with control groups (P<0.001). Treatment of LPS-induced HUVECs and HBMECs by aqueous extract and saponin fraction of TT decreased the expression of all three mentioned genes significantly (P<0.001) in comparison with LPS-induced cells. Taken together, our data suggest that TT has an anti-inflammatory effect. In vivo study about anti-inflammatory effect of this herb may provide new insights into the development of a herbal drug for the prevention/therapy of atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammation that interferes with blood arteries functions due to the accumulation of low density lipids and cholesterol. To investigate the effect of aqueous extract and saponin fraction of Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) on the proteome and expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin in the human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and human bone marrow endothelial cell (HBMEC) lines. Two cell lines were cultured and induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The primed cells were then treated with aqueous extract and saponin fraction of TT. The protein profile of the endothelial cells was assessed under normal and LPS-induced conditions using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and 2D gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin were estimated by use of western blotting. LPS-induced HUVECs and HBMECs were shown to significantly increase the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin in comparison to control groups. Our findings revealed that TT extract resulted in significantly more reduced levels of proteom (80 spots) as well as all the three mentioned proteins compared with the effect of saponin fraction alone. TT extract and its saponin fraction exerted anti-inflammatory effects on HUVEC and HBMEC lines and reduced the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous extract was greater than that of saponin fraction. Therefore, TT could be considered as a potential candidate for the treatment or prevention of atherosclerosis.

Because of to the importance of wheat, it seems necessary to identify the proteins involved in different stages of its growth. This is for breeding more capable plants, which have more production and are resistant to adverse environmental conditions. In this study, proteomics was used to identify and compare the protein pattern of bread wheat in developmental stages of leaves and tillering stages. For this purpose, Bread wheat cultivar Azar2 was cultivated in greenhouse conditions and samples were taken at different stages of leaf development (single-leaf, two-leaf and three-leaf) and three stages during the tillering period. Protein extraction was performed by TCA-acetone method and proteins were separated by 2D electrophoresis. By analyzing the resulting gels by Image master 6.0 software, 360 reproducible protein spots were identified in the leaf development stages and 400 reproducible protein spots in the tillering stages. Of these, 31 protein spots in different stages of leaf development and 31 protein spots in different stages of tillering showed significant changes. Finally, protein spots were identified based on their molecular weight, isoelectric point, spot shape, and by searching related articles and the Uniprot site. The results showed that in these stages, a wide range of metabolic activities including photosynthesis, respiration, protein biosynthesis, protein transport, protein assembly, and packaging, carbohydrate biosynthesis, message transmission system, toxin degeneration and basic genetic processes (replication, transcription and translation) were changed during different stages of wheat plant growth.

Sex selection of sperm by separating X- and Y-chromosome bearing spermatozoa is critical for efficiently obtaining the desired sex of animal offspring in the livestock industry. The purpose of this study was to produce a goat polyclonal antibody (pAb) against the bovine Sex Determining Region Y
chromosome (bSRY) to separate female- and male-bearing spermatozoa.

To produce a goat polyclonal antibody against bSRY, a female goat was subcutaneously immunized with 27 kDa of recombinant bSRY (rbSRY) protein as the antigen. The anti-bSRY pAb was purified by ion-exchange chromatography. The purity of the pAb was determined using the SDS-PAGE
method. The biological activity of the anti-bSRY pAb was examined using PCR to assess the binding affinity of pAb for the bSRY antigen and commercially sexed bull sperm.

The total amount of purified anti-bSRY pAb was approximately 650 mg/goat serum (13 mg/mL). Interestingly, our data showed that the binding affinity of our pAb to the Y bearing was high, while the binding affinity of that to the X-chromosome bearing sperm was similar to the negative control.

In conclusion, our findings show that the goat anti-SRY pAb specifically binds to Ychromosome bearing sperm that suggesting its potential use for sex selection.

Inclusion body formation in E. coli is a significant problem in recombinant protein production. The aim of this study was to improve the solubility of recombinant bovine sex determining region Y protein (SRY) in BL21 (DE3) E. coli cells.

In this research two recombinant bovine SRY (rbSRY) sequences were analyzed; these were wild-type SRY (wtbSRY) and codon-optimized SRY (cobSRY). Their expression in various culture conditions was examined; these differences included IPTG concentrations, temperatures, and media stabilizers.

IPTG and temperature significantly affected rbSRY solubility (P < 0.001). The optimum IPTG concentration and temperatures for wtbSRY and cobSRY induction were 0.3 mM at 27 and 32 °C, respectively. In addition, arginine and sorbitol concentrations significantly affected rbSRY solubility (P < 0.01). Solubility of rbSRY protein was highest from the cobSRY construct in the presence 0.2 M arginine and 0.3 M sorbitol. The highest inclusion body production occurred with high glucose concentrations.

We found that modifications in temperature and IPTG and stabilizer concentrations affected rbSRY solubility.

Angiogenesis has essential role in growth and metastasis of tumors. Development of therapies aimed to suppress angiogenesis using medicinal plants is one of the effective approaches for prevention/treatment of cancer. The current study was performed to investigate in vitro anti-angiogenic effect of Teucrium Polium (TP) extract and its fractions. The aerial part of Teucrium Polium was powdered and extracted with 50% ethanol. The extract was fractionated in to aqueous (AQ), n-butanol (BU), ethyl acetate (EA) and n-hexane (HE) fractions. Anti-angiogenic effect of TP was examined on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in three-dimensional collagen matrix. The endothelial cells form capillary-like branches that can be visualized using phase contrast microscope and the number of tube-like structures can be quantified as a measure of in vitro angiogenesis. Furthermore, anti-proliferative and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF )suppressive effect of TP as important factors in the process of angiogenesis were assessed using3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT)and quantitative ELISA, respectively. Based on our findings, among the TP fractions, EA fraction showed the highest inhibitory activity on angiogenesis. This fraction with IC50: 68 µg/mL, inhibited angiogenesis at 60 µg/mL. The crude extract and other fractions of TP inhibited angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner at doses higher concentrations than EA fraction, significantly.TP extract and EA fraction were able to inhibit proliferation of HUVEC and inhibited VEGF secretion in a dose dependent manner. The ethyl acetate fraction at 60 µg/ml inhibited VEGF secretion perfectly. Our data indicated that ethyl acetate fraction of Teucrium Polium could be a potential candidate for the prevention of angiogenesis in cancer and other related disorders. However, this suggestion needs more quantitative and in vivo investigations for confirmation.

Inroduction: The goal of this research Influence of Attention Games on the Self-regulatory and Executive Function of Anxious Students. This study is a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design with control group. For this purpose, an estimated 30 students are anxious grade Fourth Elementary School Year 97-96, Selected cluster sampling method And then Randomly way Two experimental groups (N=15), Control(N=15). Package of interventions Attention-Based Games on experimental group It was done in ten sessions. In order to measure the impact of intervention Pintrich & DeGroot, self-regulatory questionnaire, Conners Neuropsychological and Spielberger anxiety scale Before and after the training sessions, control and experiment groups were performed. The results were analyzed using Statistical analysis of covariance analysis. Results of one-way covariance analysis Showed that There is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of self-regulation and performance. Also, the anxiety variables of the experimental group compared with the control group, From pre-test to post-test Decreased, This indicates that interventions have been effective, The severity of anxiety disorder has decreased. Attention play can be considered as an effective method along with other methods medical on Increasing self-regulation and improving the performance of anxious students.

Due to the importance of proteins in the differentiation and function of cells, investigation of variation of the protein expression levels can help for the better understanding of the differentiation processes. Cell-therapy provides a promising alternative for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. In our previous studies, we isolated and expanded human skin-derived precursors (hSKPs) and differentiate them into IPCs in vitro, through exposure to suitable differentiation factors. Cellular clusters were also able to secrete detectable amounts of insulin and C-peptide in glucose concentration dependent manner. In the present study, we applied two-dimensional electrophoresis technique to evaluate variations in protein expression in expanded SKPs and differentiated IPCs. The results showed that the protein pattern of SKPs differs with differentiated IPCs in terms of the number of points and the expression level of protein. The current study demonstrates that IPC differentiation in human SKPs is accompanied by modulation of 13 major proteins with diverse Functions: metabolic, chaperone activity, redox (antioxidant), protein degradation, transcription and signaling cascades. Overexpression of three key enzymes in the glycolytic pathway was observed. Since insulin is a hormone that is involved in glucose metabolism, it is not surprising overexpression of glycolytic enzymes found in differentiated cells. Here we show for the first time the expression of the antioxidant proteins in differentiated cells has increased. Also augmentation in ubiquitin and cyclophilin A was observed, indicating overexpression of proteins that involve in degradation of old proteins and synthesis and folding of new proteins in differentiation process.

The aim of this study was to Compare the effectiveness of cognitive therapy Based on meta-theoretical models and meta-cognitive therapy on amount pain and Thoughts Fusion in patients suffering from chronic pain in broken who were referred to medical centers in broken and diagnosis of chronic pain.
In this semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest control group design was used.105 people who were given a diagnosis of about them, were assigned to two experimental and control groups.this study was used to analyze the data from the test MANCOVA.
Results showed that meta-cognitive therapy and cognitive therapy Based on meta-theoretical models in reducing amount pain and Thoughts Fusion In patients suffering from chronic pain were significantly effective.
The results revealed that meta-cognitive therapy focuses on the challenge and cognitive therapy Based on meta-theoretical models focuses on the change process to create positive change and appropriate in patients with chronic pain used.

Chondroitin sulfates (CS) is an important glycosaminoglycan’s which is found in sturgeon fishes which are present in cartilage of these fishes. This compounds, in addition to application in food and cosmetic industries, they have clinical significant in arthritis treatment and wound healing.
In present study, the chondroitin sulfate extraction was performed by using pepsin and trypsin digestions with 12 and 18 h interval times followed by cationic salt, cetylprydinium chloride (CPC) treatment. MTT assay at different incubation time (24, 48 and 72 h) was used in order to study of Chondroitin sulfate effect on induction of proliferation of fibroblasts isolated from human skin. In order to determine the proper time and enzymatic digestion, after temperature treatment of samples using pepsin and trypsin enzymes, the SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was used. And the FT-IR analysis was performed to characterize the type of CS.
The maximum yield of enzymatic digestion was observed for trypsin digestion at 18h, according to electrophoresis patterns. the amount of CS yield was estimated at 4.76% in this situation. FT-IR analysis revealed that, the CS belongs to the C4S type. Chondroitin sulfates extracting from cartilage showed concentration-dependent incremental impact on fibroblast cell proliferation so that the dose-response results have shown 167% proliferation at 10 µg/ml dose of CS compared to the control in fibroblast cells.
Extracted CS has a positive stimulatory effect on fibroblast cells proliferation in a dose dependent manner. So it can be used for wound healing and some fibroblast related diseases.