amin ghasemi

Human health, as one of the most astonishing creations of God, has various dimensions; spiritual health is one of these dimensions that is interconnected with other aspects. The present study investigates the spiritual health status of surgical technology and anesthesia students at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in 2024.

This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 163 students from the surgical technology and anesthesia department at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd in 2024 using a census method. Data were collected through printed demographic questionnaires and the Pollotzin and Ellison Spiritual Health Questionnaire. The data were then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests, including frequency percentages, t-tests, and Pearson correlation coefficients, utilizing SPSS-27 software.

In this study, the average spiritual health score of students was found to be 90.55 ± 17.43, indicating that students are at a moderate level of spiritual health. According to the results, no significant correlation was found between the variables of gender, marital status, being local, field of study, and educational level with spiritual health, existential health, and religious health. (p > 0.05)

Considering the influence of religious culture in Yazd, it is natural to expect that religious impacts serve as a resource for adapting to society. Based on the obtained results and the higher average spiritual health score in the studied students compared to similar studies, it would be appropriate to implement programs aimed at preserving and enhancing spiritual health.

Anxiety, sleep quality deterioration and depression are among the disorders that diabetic patients encounter. Today, non-drug methods have grown significantly in an effort to reduce anxiety and improve sleep quality. One of these methods is aromatherapy, which uses various plant essential oils. The present study was conducted to study the effect of inhalation aromatherapy with essential oils of various plants on the anxiety and sleep quality of diabetic patients. The results of this study indicate that aromatherapy with lavender, rosemary, bitter orange blossom, and orange essential oils can reduce anxiety levels. Additionally, using lavender, rosemary, sandalwood, and bitter orange blossom essential oils helps improve the sleep quality of diabetic patients. This study highlights the beneficial effects of aromatherapy using essential oils in reducing anxiety levels and improving sleep quality among diabetic patients. As the trend towards complementary medicine continues to grow, integrating aromatherapy into patient care represents an accessible and effective non-pharmacological approach to enhance mental well-being and sleep among this population. Implementing these findings in practice may lead to improved patient outcomes and a holistic approach to diabetes management.

Hypochondria is a type of psychological disorder in which an individual believes they are ill and that their health is at risk, contrary to clinical findings. This study investigates the prevalence of hypochondria among surgical technology and anesthesia students at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd in the year 2024 and explores its relationship with gender, residence status, marital status, field of study and educational level of these students.

This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 93 students from the surgical technology and anesthesia department at Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd in the year 2024 using a census method. Data were collected through printed demographic questionnaires and a 36-item hypochondria questionnaire by Evans. The data were then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests, including frequency percentages, t-tests, and Pearson correlation coefficient, utilizing SPSS-27 software.

In this study, the prevalence of hypochondria among the surveyed students was 24.8%. This disorder was significantly more common in females and showed a weak correlation with being a local resident, which was borderline significant. No significant findings were observed regarding the relationship between marital status, field of study, or academic term and hypochondria.

Considering the relatively high prevalence of hypochondriasis symptoms among the students studied compared to similar studies in Iran, it is essential to implement intervention measures to clarify the validity and causes of this issue in order to prevent a decline in mental health and academic performance among students.

Evaluation of root and canal morphology and anatomy of the teeth is essential for successful root treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the morphology and anatomy of the root canal of maxillary second premolars using the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) technique in a radiology center.

We used CBCT images of a specialized radiology center archived in 2014 in Qazvin and evaluated them by use of Remexis software. Evaluation of the images was carried out by a radiologist and an endodontist. The number of roots and their morphology, number of canals, the direction of root curvature, and canals in buccolingual and mesiodistal directions were assessed using the chi-square test in two genders. The significance level was considered 5%.

A total number of 106 CBCT involving 117-second premolar teeth were evaluated. 93.2 % of the teeth had one root and 6.8 % had two roots. There was no significant difference in the number of roots between the two sexes   (Pv=0.164). According to Vertucci classification for single-rooted teeth, 59.6 % were of type I, 20.2 % of type II, 9.2 % of type III, 0.9 % of type IV, 6.4 % of type V, 1.8 % of type VI, and 1.8 % of type VII. Among two rooted second premolar teeth, 87.5 % were of type I and 12.5 % of type III.

In maxillary second premolars, the majority of teeth had one root with type I and type II canals. During root treatment, these anatomical variations should be considered

Several studies have shown that major beta-thalassemia patients suffer from renal dysfunction. Genetic is one of the crucial factors in this phenomenon. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the correlation between renal dysfunction and Fok-I polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene of major beta-thalassemia patients.

Sixty thalassemic patients and sixty healthy individuals were involved in this case-control study. Robust renal and urine analyzes were done in terms of performance evaluation. Finally, genotype assessment for Fok-I polymorphism was performed via the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.

In general, renal dysfunction embracing proteinuria and hyperfilteration were observed in the thalassemic group. As regards patients" genotype frequencies, 51.6%, 36.6%, and 11.6% were homozygous for F allele (FF), heterozygous (Ff), and homozygous for f allele (ff), respectively. Eventually, the frequencies of FF and Ff alleles were 49.1% and 50.8%, respectively, in normal group l.

Our data suggested that there is no correlation between renal dysfunction and Fok-I polymorphism in major beta-thalassemic patients. Thus, further studies are needed about plausible pathways involved in renal dysfunction, to demonstrate the motives of renal dysfunction in major beta-thalassemia patients

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is considered one of the common types of cancers in childhood with an incidence of up to 25%. In addition, drug resistance is a phenomenon which reduces the chances of overcoming cancer. Further, a phytoalexin combination called resveratrol can sensitize the leukemic cells to apoptotic cell death. Due to the importance of the above-mentioned issues, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of resveratrol on BAX and BCL-2 expression levels and apoptosis induction. CCRF-CEM cultured cells were treated by resveratrol at doses of 15, 50, and 100 μM based on previous studies. Furthermore, RT Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to assess the BAX and BCL-2 gene expression. Moreover, the amount of apoptosis induction was analyzed by annexin V staining method. Based on the results, time and concentration were found to play a critical role in resveratrol-induced apoptosis. Additionally, BAX upregulation and BCL-2 downregulation excreted by resveratrol in CCRF-CEM cells resulted in predisposing these cells to apoptosis. In general, it was revealed that resveratrol could have a chemo-preventive activity by modifying the expression of BAX and BCL-2 genes. Finally, resveratrol was found to be a supplement drug in anti-leukemic therapy.

This descriptive study aimed to evaluate root canal morphology of maxillary first premolars using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Data were collected and registered using CBCT images of a maxillofacial imaging center that were simultaneously evaluated by a radiologist and an endodontist. The assessed variables included the number of roots and their morphology, number of canals, and direction of root curvature and canals in buccolingual and mesiodistal directions. Data analysis was performed using Chi-squared, exact Fischer’s, and Cohen's kappa coefficient tests. In all the measurements, P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
In this study, 106 eligible CBCT showing 106 maxillary first premolars were evaluated, out of which, 34.5% of them were from male and 65.5% were from female individuals. Moreover, 67 teeth (57.8%) had only one root, and 48 teeth (41.4%) had two roots, and only 1 tooth (0.9%) had three roots. According to Vertucci et al. classification, out of 67 first premolars with one root, 19.4% (n=13), 56.7% (n=38), 11.9% (n=8), 1.5% (n=1), 7.5% (n=5), and 3% (n=2) of them were type I, II, III, IV, V, and VI, respectively.
Regarding the results, the majority of maxillary first premolars had one root with type II canals. Furthermore, maxillary first premolar might have curvature in any direction.

A web-based system is designed to evaluate and communicate the seismic risk to the public. In this context, risk denotes the mean monetary and social losses. The system aims at communicating the risk to building owners with the objective of raising the public awareness of the significant seismic risk in Iran. This is the first step towards motivating the society to take appropriate risk mitigation measures. The object-oriented architecture of the system facilitates its steady growth to accommodate more advanced risk analysis techniques. The adopted risk analysis approach is tailored to the construction quality and the seismic regulations in Iran. The system receives elementary, observable characteristics of the building as input, and interprets the resulting risk in layman’s terms. It is showcased by two real-world buildings at the campus of Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran: one unreinforced-masonry dormitory and one steelbraced educational building. As an example result, the system predicts a significantly higher rate of fatality for the dormitory due to the poor performance of unreinforced masonry. The paper is concluded by explaining the ongoing research by the authors to further develop the system with more advanced risk communication techniques.

The most important factors and problems threatening the Anzali Wetland are the contaminant load and sediments entering the wetland, as well as lack of an integrated management plan for this wetland. The main objectives of the current research were to explore whether there are significant differences in concentrations of Zn, Cd, and Pb in surface sediments among different sites (based on type region development) of the Anzali Wetland, Northern Iran.
Through a field study, samples were collected from 10 stations based on the type of regional development and contaminant source inputs of Anzali Wetland in 2015. Using a hot-block digester, the sediment samples were digested with a 4:1 combination of nitric acid (HNO3) and perchloric acid (HCLO4) for one hour at 40 °C, followed by 3 h at 140 °C. Afterwards, samples were filtered with Whatman 42, filter paper and the filtrate was kept in polyethylene containers at 4 °C, until analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS).
Mean ± SD levels of metals in the sediments of different stations were 26.7 ± 3.49 (lead), 4.36 ± 0.47 (cadmium), and 88.44 ± 10.06 (zinc) μg g-1 dw. There was a significant difference between the stations of the wetland (P The areas, affected by urban and industrial developments, had the highest level of contamination while the agricultural and less-developed areas had the lowest level of contamination, and therefore, protective plans must be implemented in developed areas in order to lower the level of heavy metals.

The aim of the present study was to study the relationship between technological knowledge and digital health literacy about students of Farhangian university at both Sadoughi and Rajaee campuses in Kermanshah. It is descriptive research. Statistical society is all of the students in both campuses with 1700 students. Using Morgan table, 276 students were selected through multistage -random sampling as statistical sample. Research tool was European technological knowledge and digital health literacy questionnaires. Data analysis was done according to one-Sample T-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient, and multi variable regression. Research Data analysis provides the following results through Pearson and Spearman correlation calculation method (Sig: 0.000, r=0.447): technological knowledge and ability of utilization of digital health information (Sig: 0.000, r=0.494), technological knowledge and ability of utilization of general information related to methods of qualify people health (Sig: 0.000, r=0.345), technological knowledge and ability of utilization of information related to specific diseases or injuries (Sig: 0.000, r=0.151), technological knowledge and ability of utilization of digital further information after going to the doctor (Sig: 0.000, r=0.301), technological knowledge and ability of utilization of treatment, therapeutic and pharmaceutical information (Sig: 0.000, r=0.273). It Also shows the results of multi variable regression analysis, by use of step by step method for mentioned variablesas: 0.429, 0.494, 0.316, 0.169, 0.150, 0.301. Accordingly, there is a meaningful and positive relationship between correlation coefficient and amount of subjects’ digital health literacy.

Bird migration is a behavior that has evolved over many thousands of years and many of bird species have such behavior. Wetlands are incredibly diverse ecosystems that play significant role in bird species migration. Studying the bird habitats and migration routes can be useful for understanding behavioral mechanisms and conservation of habitats. In this research, two wetlands in Hamedan province and their importance as stepping– stone habitats have been studied. Waterfowl birds and waders enumerated at Agh-gol and Abshineh wetlands during ten months and Shannon-Wiener diversity index was calculated. The results showed that Agh-gol has a higher diversity than Abshineh wetland in September, October and November (2007), May and June (2008) and lower diversity in December, March (2007) and April (2008). In January and February no bird species was recorded because both of wetlands were frozen. Total birds observed in two wetlands were from 58 species that 46 species of them observed in Agh-gol and 42 species were in Abshineh wetland. Finally birds’ migration and stepping– stone habitats concept and role of this habitats have been discussed and concluded that wetlands need more consideration of conservation and management actions because of important roles that they play as stopover habitats in migration routes of birds.

During the field surveys conducted approximately once a week at the Abshineh Dam from September 2007 to June 2008, 42 waterbird species were identified. The highest number of species was observed in September 2007 and May 2008 (26 species) while the highest bird density was recorded in November (58 per 10 ha). The commonest species were Eurasian Coot Fulica atra (26.2%) and Mallard Anas platyrhynchos (18.56%).