arash rasteh moghadam

The body of scientific knowledge is presented through the writing of specialized books. Scientifically and historically, the first books of each discipline have a great importance. The present article, using the historical research method, introduces and reviews the first educational administration book in Iran named "Organization of Culture and Its Leadership" which was written by "Mohammad Ali Toussi" in 1342. The findings show the book has features such as "fluent writing and language style", "use of local and native examples", "presence of regular and coherent content", "usage of the original resources  in the field of educational administration and sociology" and "concurrent attention to the theoretical and practical foundations of educational administration". At the end, the social and cultural conditions of the Forties which influenced in writing the above book, are mentioned.

The purpose of this research is to understand the conceptual evolution of Educational Administration (EA) through exploration of articles in this field. The current study is aimed to answer this question: “is it possible to visualize of conceptual line of EA based on review of scholarly productions in the last century? In order to respond the above-mentioned question, the scientometrics method was used. Research data collected during 1900-2015 from Web of Science (WOS) was analyzed by Histcite software. The results indicated that EA studies have been led to four scholarly regions as: “educational leadership and school performance”, “synthesis of schools effectiveness studies”, “distributed leadership”, and “concepts related to educational organization”. At the end, causes of the formation of these regions have been discussed and some suggestions have been made to improve the EA in Iran.

The influential factors of organizational training in a holding company affiliated to the ministry of energy examined by a diagnostic trichotomy model. Using a descriptive research inquiry a content analysis of organizational characteristics was applied. The sample was included all managers and experts that worked at the training and development department of all 90 affiliated companies which are under the holding company's directions. The means of gathering data was a series of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured/open questions and interviews. In order to content analysis, after extracting relevant concepts, themes, and contents, each items classified into one of the three (structural, behavioral, environmental/context) dimensions of the model. The results show that structural component has a more influential effect on explanation of strength and weakness of training and development activities than the other two components. In this regard, the article concluded that structural/process aspect of organizational training met with more difficulties than behavioral and context so need to pay more attention. Finally, it seems that the trichotomy model of analysis is a useful diagnostic approach to the organizational pathology and could lead to appropriate applied results.

Culture is one of the basic concepts of organizational behavior in macro level which has been borrowed from anthropology and organizational sociology. This concept is the result of interpretative paradigm in organization and management studies and is one of the Morgan’s organization metaphors. The purpose of this research is to identify the challenges of organizational culture in governmental sections of the Tehran city. The research strategy is survey and the research tool is a questionnaire developed by investigators based on “Robbins” model. The face validity and reliability of the model is confirmed (alpha=0.92). The level of analyze is organizational values. The statistical population is the employees of governmental organizations of the Tehran city. The sample size is 1008 which is selected by stratified sampling. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (dependent t-test) are used for data analysis. The results of research show challenges in all organizational culture components. This article ends with the explanation of research results and solutions for change regarding the new models of organizational change.