atefeh ramezani

Complete denture reconstruction is one of the most common prosthetic approaches for restoring both function and esthetics in edentulous patients. The aim of this study was to compare the eating habits of patients with complete dentures and individuals with a healthy dentition.

Methods and Materials: 

In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, participants were recruited from patients referring to Sari School of Dentistry (Tooba Clinic) from January 2014 to June 2019. Patients were to be within the age range of 40-80 years old. Participants were divided into two equal groups; those with a healthy dentition had at least 24 healthy teeth and denture wearers had used their complete denture for 3-5 years. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding their anthropometric indices and 24-hour dietary recall. The obtained data were analyzed through SPSS version 16 software. A significance level of less than %5 was considered.

A total of 100 patients (n=50 per group) participated in this study. The two groups did not show significant differences in anthropometric indices, and only in the edentulous group, a significant difference was observed between male and females in hip circumference index (P = 0.03). Based on the food recall analysis, there was no significant difference in the intake of calories, macronutrients and micronutrients between the two groups, but according to the food pyramid, dentate people consumed a greater variety of  different food groups in their daily diet. 

Patients with complete dentures had a significantly lower daily intake of Zinc micronutrient compared to individuals with a natural dentition. Therefore, it is better to pay more attention to receiving necessary nutrients through their daily diet in the patients suing complete dentures.

Denture stomatitis is an inflammatory condition in the oral mucosa which develops under the removable denture and affects a considerable percentage of denture users. Due to insufficient studies on this issue in Iran, we investigated the prevalence of denture stomatitis in patients using dentures.

In the current descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 130 patients referred to the dental school clinic and other dental clinics in Sari City, Iran, were examined using the census method. Demographic information about the patients, such as age, sex, systemic problems, and type of denture stomatitis (based on Newton’s classification), were recorded. The denture was also clinically examined for its suitability in the mouth. After entering the data in SPSS, version 20, the study variables were analyzed through bivariate correlation, descriptive analysis, and frequency analysis.

A total of 130 patients using dentures (85 male, 45 female) were studied. About 26.2% (n=34) of the patients had denture stomatitis, of whom 58.8% (n=20) were type II and 41.2% (n=14) were type III. There were significant differences between denture’s age (P<0.001), patient’s age (P=0.049), denture use during the day (P=0.002), diseases (P<0.001), denture cleaning frequency (P<0.001), and duration of denture use (P<0.001). Cigarette (P=0.093) and alcohol consumption (P=0.905), and sex (P=0.349) were not significantly associated with the prevalence of denture stomatitis.

The results of the current study presented a high prevalence of denture stomatitis in patients using dentures. Also, the denture’s age, patient’s age, cleaning frequency, duration of denture use, and appropriate denture significantly affected the prevalence of denture stomatitis.

This study was carried out to determine the relationship between maxillary central incisors and incisive papilla in complete dentures and compare that with dentate people.

In this descriptive-analytical study, the horizontal distance between the maximum prominence of labial surface of maxillary central incisors to the middle and posterior points of incisor papilla was measured using a caliper, on the casts prepared from 30 dentate patients and 30 complete dentures made in Dental School affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences.

Average distance between the midpoint of incisive papilla to the labial surface was 9.641±0.866 mm in dentate people and 8.851±1.504 mm in complete dentures. The mean distance between the posterior point of incisive papilla and the labial surface was 12.815±1.264 mm in dentate people and 10.788±1.837 mm in complete dentures. Independent t-test showed significant difference between the two groups in mean distance between the midpoint and the labial surface (0.790 mm, P<0.05). The distance between the posterior point and the labial surface was also found to be significantly different between the two groups (2.026±0.407 mm, P<0.001).

According to the limitations of this study, the midpoint of incisive papilla is suggested to be more reliable than posterior point in assessing the position of anterior maxillary teeth among complete denture patients.

Lighting affects humans in many ways, including intelligence, body temperature, and sleep patterns. This study aimed to evaluate lighting satisfaction, mental task load, visual fatigue, and sleep quality in students. The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 students of Saveh Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran, in 2020. The data of their levels of lighting satisfaction, mental task level, visual fatigue, and sleep quality were collected using standard questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS Software version 21. The quantitative variables were reported in mean and standard deviation and qualitative variables in frequency and percentage. A chi-square test was used to compare qualitative variables. In addition, the independent t-test was applied to compare the sleepiness score according to the relevant variables and the Pearson correlation test was utilized to investigate the relationship between sleepiness and sleep quality scores. The significance level was less than 0.05 for all statistical tests. The results indicated that the students’ satisfaction scores with current lighting were indifference. Visual fatigue was low, and sleepiness was mild. The students' subjective task load and sleep quality were moderate and low. There was a significant inverse relationship between visual fatigue and lighting satisfaction (P < 0.001). In addition, visual fatigue and task load had a significant direct relationship (P < 0.001). The average number of hours of sleep per night was 6.72 hours for students, which was less than the normal recommended amount. The average sleep quality was 11.06, which was low in the population. According to the results, the students’ mental task load and sleep quality were medium and low. It seems necessary to pause and rest between training, increase the variety of educational activities, appropriate training, and lighting intervention.

Determining the occlusal plane is one of the essential clinical steps in prosthetic treatment. Intraoral landmark of parotid papilla is used as an adjunct in determining the occlusal plan. The aim of this study was to investigate the exact distance between the parotid papilla and the occlusal plane as an additional criterion for determining the occlusal plane.

In this cross-sectional study, the study group consisted of 148 patients aged 18-50 years old including 74 men attending Sari Dental School in 2019. In maximum intercuspation, vertical distance from the parotid papilla site to the occlusal surface of the first molars of the maxilla was measured by a probe. Data analysis was performed applying Mann-Whitney and correlation test.

The mean distance (mm) between the parotid papilla and the occlusal plane for the right papilla (R) was 6.16, while for the left papilla (L) it was 6.51 (R=6.47 and L=6.70 in men and R=5.84 and L=6.31 in women).  The distance at both the right and left sides was higher in men (P= 0.009 and P= 0.044, respectively). Significant difference was seen between both sides in the distance which was higher at left side (P= 0.03). Findings showed no significant relationship between age and this distance at right (P= 0.083) and left (P=0.065) sides.

The amount of parotid papilla distance to the occlusal plane on both sides was significantly higher in men than that in women. Also, this distance on the left side is significantly higher than the right side. There was no significant relationship between age and the distance stusdied.

Lighting, as an effective physical parameter, has a significant impact on the performance of employees. Lighting of faculty, a place where students, officers, and teachers stay a long time, has the most importance. The lighting illumination, hence, should be standard to make them less tired. This study, in this vein, aimed the evaluation and measurement of lighting intensity in the school of nursing and midwifery, Saveh University of medical sciences in 2020.

This study, as a cross-sectional study, was carried out over one month in classrooms, official rooms, teacher’s rest rooms, laboratories, staircases, and studying halls.  IESNA (Illuminating Engineering Society of North America) guideline used to measure the illumination intensity. After that, the collected data is managed by SPSS 21 and then presented by using suitable descriptive indices.

Based on our results, the illumination intensity for 57% of classrooms and all other places were in accordance with an acceptable range.

As the obtained results show, inappropriate lighting was only for classrooms which needs to be corrected by a suitable intervention. Generally, inappropriate lighting and using excessive un-natural light may result in visual tiredness during daily work.

Introduction and purpose: There are several important factors for prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Out of all, diet modification has a great amount of efficacy. However, the genetic differences in individuals make diet effects dissimilar in various people. In fact, the difference in metabolic responses of individuals to foods due to different genotypes is known as noregenetics. Nutrigenomics represents a suitable approach to CVD prevention and treatment through optimization of individuals’ dietary intakes based on genotype. This review study was conducted to investigate the most important polymorphisms associated with CVD risk factors. To this end, the English articles related to polymorphism and expression of the genes involved in CVDs and inflammation having been published since 2000 were searched in Pubmed, Science direct, Google scholar.The search process was accomplished using the following keywords: “Nutrigenetics”, “Gene”, “Polymorphism”, “Diet therapy”, and “Cardiovascular disease”. Understanding the interaction of genes and nutrients requires tools for the study of Nitrigenomics, Noregenetics, and phenotypic characteristics. The human genome project revealed small changes in single polymorphism Nucleotide is called Single-nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPS) and it's happening in the genes. These changes in the genotype cause a change in function due to the activation of the gene.In a review of studies, it was found that SNPS not only clearly affects the level of cytokine production in humans; But also plays a very close role in mortality in a wide range of diseases. In the present study, the most important polymorphisms associated with risk factors for cardiovascular disease are discussed. Therefore, from the perspective of health, knowledge in the field of prevention and treatment of diseases, heart arteries, and general dietary recommendations can be applied to each particular genotype group.