bayram aghapour

The present research was done to conceptualize the open pedagogy in the thought of Michel Foucault and Jacques Derrida and its progression in the distance education system. In terms of the type of research, the present research is theoretical, the statistical population includes all sources and documents related to open pedagogy, the educational perspective of Michel Foucault and Jacques Derrida, and distance education, which contains all electronic and written books, articles, magazines, sites and reliable databases, theses, and doctoral theses. The statistical sample is all available sources and documents related to the subject. The method of data collection is the library and the researchers studied and analyzed all electronic and written books, articles, magazines, sites, and reliable databases, theses, and doctoral theses to the extent of sufficiency. To answer the research question, the collected information was classified, analyzed, and interpreted. Education experts’ opinions have been used to determine validity and reliability. Nine key categories were extracted from the collected information: 1. Aim, 2. Teacher, 3. Student, 4. Teaching method, 5. Content and topic, 6. Planning, 7. School, 8. Evaluation, and 9. Resources. The results of the research reveal that the concept of open pedagogy existed in most of the main subcategories, except for the two categories of planning and resources. Open pedagogy is the most suitable pedagogy for distance education.

This study was conducted with the aim of conceptualizing open pedagogy in the thought and lifestyle of ancient philosophers and examining how it developed in the lives of societies of that time.

In terms of type of research is theoretical and qualitative research method is descriptiveanalytical. The statistical population, by the nature of the subject, includes all sources and documents related to open pedagogy and the educational perspective of ancient philosophers, including all electronic and written books, articles, magazines, sites and valid databases, dissertations and doctoral dissertations. The statistical sample is all available sources and documents related to the subject. The method of data collection is a library in which researchers have sufficiently studied and analyzed and filed all electronic and written books, articles, journals, sites and databases, dissertations and doctoral dissertations.

To answer the research question, the collected information was classified, analyzed and interpreted. From the collected information, 9 main categories: 1. Objective 2. Teacher 3. Student 4. Teaching method 5. Content and topic 6. Planning 7. School 8. Evaluation 9. Resources were extracted.

The results show that more of the sub-categories of purpose and teacher and a small number of sub-categories of student, teaching method, planning and school were in the educational perspectives and lifestyle of ancient philosophers and almost none of the sub-categories of subject and content were evaluation. And the sources were not in the educational views and lifestyles of the ancient philosophers.

Faculty members are of the main components of the higher education system and universities with a significant role in educating entrepreneurs. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between thinking styles and entrepreneurship characteristics of faculty members of distance learning. The study was descriptive-correlational considering the method and applied in terms of purpose. The population was all faculty members (contractors, covenants, formal and adjunct professors) of distant learning universities in West Azarbaijan, teaching at the university in the first semester of 2012-2013, who were 2000 people. From among the population, 270 subjects were selected as the sample by cluster sampling. The data was collected using two standard questionnaires. One questionnaire was related to thinking styles with Cronbach's alpha of 0.87 and the other one was related to entrepreneurship characteristics with Cronbach's alpha of 0.89. Data were analyzed using SPSS, Pearson correlation, and multivariate regression analysis. The results suggested that pragmatic thinking positively and realistic thinking negatively are related to entrepreneurial characteristics, and other thinking styles have no significant relationship with entrepreneurial characteristics. Moreover, the findings showed that realism and pragmatism have a larger share in explaining the entrepreneurial characteristics of faculty members in the distance education system. Accordingly, it is suggested that the thinking styles of the faculty members be considered while recruiting them.