esmaeil asadpour

Self-compassion refers to the degree of compassion one feels towards oneself in response to shortcomings or failures, and it is linked with reduced anxiety and increased life satisfaction. Numerous studies have shown the effectiveness of various psychological therapies in influencing levels of self-compassion, forgiveness, and marital conflict among married women. However, there is a research gap in the area of solution-focused single-session therapy and psychological issues affecting married women, who constitute a significant segment of society.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of solution-focused single-session therapy on levels of self-compassion, forgiveness, and marital conflict among married women.

This was an applied research using a single-subject experimental design, specifically the Multiple Baseline Across Subjects (ABA) design. The research population comprised all married women experiencing marital conflicts in Tehran in the year 2023. Participants were recruited voluntarily through announcements. After applying screening criteria, five individuals were selected and underwent baseline, intervention, and follow-up phases. Participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003), the Interpersonal Forgiveness Scale (Paleari et al., 2009), and the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (Senaie et al., 2008).

The results of this study indicated that solution-focused single-session therapy led to a significant increase in the average percentage of improvement in self-compassion and forgiveness, as well as a decrease in the average percentage of improvement in marital conflict among married women at a significance level of 0.05.

The changes in the average percentage of improvement observed with solution-focused single-session therapy suggest that this intervention can lead to immediate improvements in self-compassion, forgiveness, and marital conflict among married women. These findings underscore the potential importance of this type of therapy in enhancing marital relationships and improving the psychological well-being of married women.

The present study was conducted to survey the relationship between marital forgiveness and marital quality of married women considering the mediating role of spouse’s perceived responsiveness. The research method was descriptive-correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all married women who referred to counseling centers in 2022 in Tehran city. 397 people were selected from 13 counseling centers in 8 districts of Tehran city by convenience sampling method. To collect data, Marital Forgiveness questionnaire of pollard et al. (1998), Marital Quality Scale of Busby et al. (1995) and Spouse's Perceived Responsiveness Scale of Reis et al. (2017) were used. Structural equation modeling and SPSS22 and Amos24 software were used for data analysis.Structural equation modeling showed that marital forgiveness is related to women's marital quality both directly and through the mediation of the spouse's perceived responsiveness. (β= 0/116). The evaluation of the hypothetical research model using fit indices showed that the hypothetical model fits the measurement model. According to the obtained results, marriage counselors and family therapists can pay attention to important role of spouse's Perceived Responsiveness in predicting the quality of couple's relationship, prevention and treatment of communication injuries between couples.

Considering the importance of the nursing profession, which serves as the link between the country’s health and treatment organization and patients, most recent research has aimed to investigate nurses’ career and family problems. However, fewer studies have addressed intervention and treatment approaches in this regard. This research was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of group therapy, based on acceptance and commitment, on occupational burnout, couple burnout, and family resilience among married nurses. The research method was experimental, utilizing a pre-test-post-test design with follow-up phases at one month and three months. The statistical population comprised all the nurses from one of the hospitals in Tehran during the 2020-2022 Coronavirus outbreak. The sample consisted of 24 nurses, 12 in the experimental and 12 in the control group, selected via simple random sampling. The questionnaires used in this research were Meslash’s Burnout Inventory (1981), Pines’s Couple Burnout Measure (1996), and Sixbey’s Family Resilience Assessment Scale (2006). The data were analyzed using a one-way repeated measures Analysis of Variance. The results demonstrated that therapy based on acceptance and commitment significantly reduced occupational and couple burnout and increased family resilience among married nurses (P<0.01). Furthermore, the effects of treatment based on acceptance and commitment were maintained in the follow-up stages (P<0.01). One of the key implications of this study’s findings is that emphasizing acceptance processes and mental focus can help mitigate occupational and couple burnout among nurses. Consequently, it is recommended that policymakers in the healthcare sector consider this therapeutic approach in their decision-making processes.

According to previous studies, the health of the family of origin and the spouse's perceived responsiveness are among the relevant and influencing variables on marital quality. The role of the aforementioned variables on the marital quality of couples has been studied, but there is a research gap regarding the mediating role of the spouse's perceived responsiveness in the relationship between the health of the family of origin and marital quality.

The present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the mediating role of spouse's perceived responsiveness in the relationship between the health of the family of origin and marital quality.

The research method was descriptive-correlation and structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all married women who referred to counseling centers in 2022 in Tehran city, and 397 of them were selected by convenience sampling method. To collect data, Family–Of-Origin (Hovestadt et al., 1985), Marital Quality Scale (Busby et al., 1995) and Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scales (Reis et al., 2017) were used. Structural equation modeling and SPSS22 and Amos22 software were used for data analysis.

Structural equation modeling showed that the health of the Family of origin has a significant effect on women's marital quality both directly and indirectly (through perceived responsiveness) (p<0/01).

According to the obtained results, it seems that the health of the family of origin has a direct and indirect effect on the marital quality through the mediation of improving the spouse's perceived responsiveness. The health of the family of origin as a supporting factor, in turn leads to the spouse's perceived responsiveness, and the person shows a higher marital quality due to the positive emotions caused by them.

This research was conducted with the aim of comparing schema and cognitive behavioral therapy on the cognitive regulation of emotions in  girls adolescent of divorced.

The research was semi-experimental and repeated measurement type with a control group.The statistical population was all adolescent girls from divorced families, who were between the ages of 13 and 15 in Isfahan. A statistical sampl of 45 girls who were randomly assigned to the experimental group of schema therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy and control. experimental groups received group counseling schema and cognitive behavioral therapy for 20 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group did not receive any training.The instrument used was the 36-question cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (Granofsky,Kraij and Spinhaven,2002) (CERQ). In order to compare the test averages in each stage, was used of the method analysis of variance with repeated measurements and follow-up tests.

The results of the analysis of variance with repeated measurements showed experimental groups of schema therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy created a significant increase in the cognitive regulation of emotion (p<0.01). And these results remained in the two-month follow-up (p<0.01). The comparison between the two experimental groups showed that schema therapy is more effective than cognitive behavioral therapy in the cognitive regulation of emotion in both post-test (p<0.05) and follow-up (p<0.01) stages.

Based on this study, therapists in the field of children and adolescents are suggested to use schema therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy for emotional diagnosis.

In the pathology and treatment of veterans' spouses, various therapeutic interventions have been designed and implemented to improve their psychological condition in the form of interventional studies. Research revealed that methods of cognitive restructuring treatments such as acceptance and commitment therapy can help veterans' spouses. Based on the studies, the researches targeting this issue are very limited.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy on emotional empathy and forgiveness in women with veteran spouses.

The research method was applied in a semi-experimental way with a pre-test-post-test design and a one-month follow-up with a control group. From the statistical population of veterans' spouses who referred to counseling centers in Piranshahr city in 2019, 30 people were selected by purposive sampling and randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people. In order to collect information, emotional empathy scale and marital forgiveness scale were used. The experimental group received the acceptance and commitment treatment program (Hayes and Estrosahel, 2010) in thirteen two-hour sessions with one session every week, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and analysis of variance test with repeated measurements.

The results of the research showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment made significant changes in the variables of emotional empathy and forgiveness in the experimental and control groups (P<0.05).

Based on the findings of this research, it can be concluded that the designed program based on acceptance and commitment increases the emotional empathy and forgiveness of veterans' spouses. Therefore, the use of the mentioned treatment is strongly recommended by the consultants of the target community of this research.

 Various factors, such as individual, communication, and external factors, affect the marital quality of couples. Communication problems are a fundamental issue in family-related communication approaches. Another factor affecting the marital quality of couples is the spouse's perceived responsiveness. The responsiveness the spouse perceives increases emotional expression in relationships, reduces conflict, and strengthens intimacy between couples in marital relationships. Conversely, in an unresponsive atmosphere, there is a learned helplessness with depression. Considering the importance that the perceived responsiveness of the couples has on the marital quality, and also keeping in mind that increasing efficient and effective communication patterns in marital relationships can help improve the quality of couples' marital relationship, the present study was conducted to develop a structural model of marital quality based on communication patterns with the mediation of spouse's perceived responsiveness.

 The research method is analytical of correlational type and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research included all married women referred to counseling centers and psychological services under the supervision of the Psychology and Counseling Organization of Iran in Tehran City in 2022. For sampling, 13 counseling centers in 8 districts of Tehran were referred. The samples in the present study were recruited by available sampling. The size of the statistical sample was estimated to be 350 people, taking into account the number of parameters estimated in the conceptual model of the research, but to prevent the drop of participants, 400 married women completed the questionnaires, 3 cases were removed due to not completing the questionnaires, and finally, the questionnaires of 397 samples were analyzed. The inclusion criteria include female gender, being married, being 30-50 years old, education with at least a diploma, at least 3 years of cohabitation, the absence of severe mental disorders, and the absence of psychiatric drug use in the past year (based on the contents of the file available at the counseling center) were considered. The exclusion criterion was not answering more than 10% of the questionnaires (7 questions). Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (Busby et al., 1995), Spouse's Perceived Responsiveness Scale (Reis et al., 2017), and Communication Patterns Questionnaire (Christensen & Sulawi, 1984) were used to collect data. The structural equation modeling method and version 22 of SPSS and AMOS software were used for data analysis.

 Examining the coefficients of the direct path showed that the pattern of mutual constructive communication (p<0.001, β=0.39), the communication pattern of withdrawal/expectation (p<0.001, β=-0.24), and the pattern of mutual avoidance (p<0.001, β=-0.20) had significant direct relationships with marital quality. Also, the coefficients of the indirect path showed that the constructive communication pattern had a significant indirect relationship (p=0.001, β=0.14) and the withdrawal/expectation (p=0.014, β=-0.10) and mutual avoidance communication patterns (p<0.001, β=-0.17) had significant indirect relationships with marital quality with the mediation of the spouse's perceived responsiveness. Also, the fit indices showed that the hypothesized model fits the measurement model (X2/df=2.79, CFI=0.94, GFI=0.94, AGFI=0.94, NFI= 0.93, RMSEA=0.07).

 Based on the present research findings, communication patterns are related to the mediation of the spouse's perceived responsiveness with marital quality. It seems that the perceived responsiveness of the spouse through neutralizing the negative consequences and increasing the emotions, negative affection, and constructive attitude of people towards each other in the interactions is always an influential factor in the marital quality of the couple. According to the results of the present study, it is suggested that marriage counselors and family therapists should pay attention to the key role of spouses' perceived responsiveness in premarital counseling and in predicting the quality of couples' relationships, as well as in the field of family education and individual counseling in increasing the quality of couples' relationships.

Work motivation is a key to emerge and enhance the nurse’s satisfaction and their work performance. Accordingly, the factors that affect the work motivation among nurses became essential instruments to modify and shape the work behaviors of the nurses and its consequences. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship quality of working life and emotional intelligence with work motivation of female nurses.

In this descriptive–correlational study, the statistical population was all 2000 female nurses of karaj state hospitals in the year 2018.Out of this population, 322 subjects were selected via cluster sampling method, and were evaluated via Work motivation by Hackman and Oldham (1976), emotional intelligence by Sibrea Shering (1996) and work life quality by Walton (1973) questionnaires. For statistical analysis of data the descriptive and inferential statistics methods such as Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multivariate regression were used.

The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between work life quality and emotional intelligence with female nurses’ work motivation (p<0.001).

considering the positive and significant relationship between quality of work life and Emotional intelligence with work motivation of female nurses, it is necessary consider their Emotional intelligence in the process of recruiting and they are taking measures to train Emotional intelligence. Also managers develop and implement programs to improve the quality of work life of nurses in order to increase their work motivation.

Remarriage is a new opportunity to experience married life, but the theoretical and experimental backgrounds in this field indicate that this group experiences a lot of psychological, communication, and family stress. Also, the divorce rate is high among them. However, this group’s perceptual challenges and educational needs have not been comprehensively identified in specific research, and there is a research gap in this regard.

This study aimed to identify pre-marital educational needs.

The research was qualitative and grounded theory. The researcher selected men and women with experience of remarriage in Tehran. For this purpose, 16 men and women (identified by virtual call) and 12 professionals (identified by marriage and family association) were selected by purposive sampling. Interviews were recorded and analyzed using Strauss and Corbin (1998).

The analysis of the interviewees’ statements led to the design of a remarriage readiness model, with one primary theme (realistic selection and secure entry into a challenging relationship), four causal factors (clarification of remarriage criteria, analysis of individual readiness, having knowledge to find the appropriate match, and examining the possibility of unhealthy reasons for remarriage), three underlying factors (awareness of the role of family barriers, insight into marital and parenting challenges), four interfering factors (facilitating the release of the individual from the previous relationship, strengthening intrapersonal capabilities, strengthening marital skills and teaching communication requirements in interaction with children), four actions (participatory solution of challenges related to children, accepting the couple’s challenges and participating in addressing, defining the parent-child relationship based on affection, and defining marital relationship based on love) and a consequence (quality remarried life).

The research results provided the basis for designing pre-remarriage education programs that increase the likelihood of a quality remarriage.

Women victims of domestic violence are not in a favorable situation in terms of psychological and emotional components. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy therapies on psychological well-being in married women victims of domestic violence. The method of this study was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with control group. The statistical population included all women victims of domestic violence who were referred to counseling centers in Tehran in 2019, from which 60 people were selected by purposive sampling and in three groups of 20 people were allocated. The domestic Violence Questionnaire and Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale were used to collect information. The experimental groups underwent cognitive behavioral therapy (8 sessions of 90 minutes) and Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) (8 sessions of 90 minutes); Data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of variance by SPSS.23. The results showed that both cognitive-behavioral therapy and emotion-oriented therapies were effective in increasing psychological well-being in married women victims of domestic violence (p<0.005) and this effect was lasting over time but between cognitive therapies. Behavioral and Emotion-Focused Therapy on the increase of psychological well-being in married women victims of domestic violence, there was no significant difference. Considering the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy therapies on psychological well-being in married women victims of domestic violence, it is recommended that psychologists, therapists, and counselors, after undergoing the necessary training, use these therapies to Reduce the psychological problems of this vulnerable group.

Psycho-spiritual therapy (mind-body spirituality) is a multidimensional, transpersonal, and integrative intervention for breast cancer survivors. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of counseling based on transpersonal psychotherapy (spirituality therapy, mind and body) in reducing the fear of recurrence in breast cancer survivors.

This was a randomized controlled clinical trial with a pretest-posttest design conducted in Motamed cancer clinic, Tehran. Iran. Thirty breast cancer patients who had finished their treatment were randomly allocated to either an experimental or a control group, 15 patients each. Both groups completed the Persian version Fear of Cancer Recurrence Inventory. Then, the experimental group participated in transpersonal therapy for 14 sessions, a 2-hour session every week. Both groups completed the aforementioned questionnaire again immediately and two months after the intervention. The data were analyzed with an independent t test and the analysis of variance for repeated measures.

  In the experimental group, the mean fear of recurrence was significantly lower immediately (58.87± 17.86) and at the 2-month follow-up (54.07± 11.88) compared with the baseline (106.80± 15.32) (P< 0.001). However, no difference was observed in the control group.  Also, there were significant differences between the two groups in the mean scores for all components of fear of recurrence, including triggers, severity, psychological distress, coping strategies, functioning impairments, and insight (P< 0.001), except for reassurance.

Based on the findings of the present study, counseling based on transpersonal psychotherapy can reduce the fear of recurrence and stress and increase adaptation and insight in cancer patients. This method increases relaxation, reduces stress, contributing to improved quality of life.

Domestic violence is a special type of violence that is perpetrated at the family level and leads to physical, psychological and sexual harm or suffering. Considering that violence against women is more and more observed in our country due to social and economic issues, and due to the vulnerability of this group of women whose psychological injuries do not end in the individual and may become social injuries, it is necessary to use Interventions to help improve the mental health of these women are felt more than ever. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Emotional Therapy (EFT) on loneliness in married women victims of domestic violence. The experimental research method with pretest-posttest design was follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of the study included all women victims of domestic violence who referred to counseling centers in Tehran in 1398. For sampling among the counseling centers of Tehran, two centers were randomly selected and among their clients were selected by purposive sampling. Inclusion criteria included, a score higher than the average in the questionnaires of domestic violence against women and feelings of loneliness, being married, having at least 3 years of cohabitation, age range 25-40 years, commitment to participate in all treatment sessions and not Receiving individual counseling and psychological services during participation in treatment sessions and also not having a specific physical or mental illness. Exclusion criteria included remarriage, absence from treatment sessions and unwillingness to continue participating in the study. After selecting the eligible samples and randomly selecting them in the experimental and control groups (20 people in each group), the first experimental group underwent cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), the second experimental group under emotion-focused therapy (EFT) and the control group on the waiting list. Were treated. Haj Yahya Domestic Violence and Loneliness Questionnaires Ditommasso, Brannen & Best were used to collect data. The experimental groups underwent cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) (8 sessions of 90 minutes) and emotion therapy (EFT) (8 sessions of 90 minutes); The control group was placed on a waiting list for treatment. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that both cognitive-behavioral (CBT) and emotion-oriented (EFT) therapies were effective in reducing feelings of loneliness in married women victims of domestic violence, and this effect persisted over time (p <0.01) between the effectiveness and persistence of therapeutic effects. There was no significant difference between cognitive-behavioral (CBT) and emotion-oriented (EFT) in reducing loneliness in married women victims of domestic violence (p> 0.05). Therefore, using these treatment methods can improve the mental health of married women victims of domestic violence and the use of these methods by counselors and psychologists in the judiciary, prison administration, Imam Khomeini Relief Committee and the Association of Parents and Educators in education and Breeding is recommended. It is suggested that other similar studies be conducted with different groups of women in domestic violence (especially men affected by domestic violence) in other cities and with different cultures to remove the limitations of the generalizability of the results. Performing follow-up in future research will determine the continued effectiveness of the treatments used.

Couples who are effectively interconnected present mutual affirmation and can listen and respond to their spouse's needs in a non–defensive manner. The in–depth knowledge of skills and their use in coping with problems and crises are keys to effective marital relations; they enhance the strength and consistency of spouses. However, this knowledge, among couples in distress, is scarce. One of the behaviors that cause communication problems is control. Geriatric control usually occurs in closed home environments, causing uncertainty and the disruption of family integrity. Controlling destroys cohesion, bonding, adaptation, and resilience among family members. Controlling behaviors destruct the family system and couples’ relationships. Some examples of such adverse consequences include the disturbance of couples intimacy, as well as the inefficiency and incompatibility of the family with issues, differences, values, and beliefs, decreased flexibility and cohesion among family members, impaired communication, disrupted familial feelings, the lack of common understanding of communication patterns and interpersonal interactions, and reduced resilience in the face of multiple complications. Considering the necessity of implementing novel methods to solve couples’ problems, this study aimed to compare the effects of Integrative–Behavioral Couple Therapy (IBCT) and Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) on couples’ controlling behaviors.

This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest and a control group design. The statistical population included all couples referring to counseling centers in Karaj City, Iran, to resolve marital disputes. The study subjects were selected by convenience random sampling method and randomly placed in two experimental and one control (n=16; 8 couples per group) groups. The research instrument was the Controlling Behaviors Scale (CBS). The study subjects' choice was higher than the average in the CBS. After conducting the pretest, the IBCT and DBT programs were provided to the test groups; however, the controls received no intervention. Finally, a posttest was performed on all research groups. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS by Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at the 0.01 significance level.

The ANCOVA data indicated that DBT significantly reduced the mean score of controlling behaviors in the examined couples (p<0.001); however, no such effects were detected in the IBCT group. Furthermore, the post–hoc test data revealed that the effects of DBT were greater than that of the IBCT on reducing controlling behaviors. Accordingly, the effect size concerning the controlling behaviors was measured as 0.54, explaining approximately 54% of the within–group changes in the IBCT group.

This study suggested that DBT is applicable among couples; DBT could effectively decline couples’ controlling behaviors; however, the IBCT was not effective in reducing couples’ controlling behaviors.

Cancer can negatively affect couples'’ intimate relationships, creating a need for psychological interventions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a group intervention based on acceptance and commitment therapy on quality of life and communication patterns in patients with breast cancer and their spouses.

The study was a randomized controlled trial. The participating couples were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control groups. Each group consisted of 10 individuals (5 couples). Both groups completed quality of life questionnaires of cancer patients. the world health organization Quality of Life questionnaire and the Gottman distance and isolation Scale. Then, the experimental group participated in Acceptance and Commitment therapy–based intervention for eight sessions of two hours. Quality of life and communication patterns were evaluated immediately and 3 months after the intervention, Data were analyzed using independent t- tests and analysis of covariance.

The mean scores for communication pattern and quality of life for the experimental group (10.40 ± 4.50 and 54.46 ± 11.17, respectively) were significantly different compared with the control group (15/.30 ± 3/.40 and 45/.34 ± 11/.34, respectively) (both P < 0.001).

Based on the findings of the present study, acceptance and commitment therapy can improve quality of life and communication patterns of patients with cancer and their spouses and reduce couples'’ stress and communication challenges.

Effective communication is the foundation upon which other aspects of marital relations are based, and the lack of effective communication between couples can lead to a higher level of marital conflicts and increase the risk of marital problems. Using successful couples’ experiences about effective communication can be inspirational and an efficient model to increase other couples' marital intimacy and satisfaction. The aim of this study was to investigate the indicators of effective communication between couples having healthy marital functioning. The study was conducted using a qualitative research method called descriptive phenomenology. The data collection instrument was a semi-structured interview taken by ten couples having healthy marital functioning. The analysis of the data was carried out using Colaizzi’s method. Based on the analysis of the findings of this study, five main themes and 20 sub-themes of the experience and perceptions of couples having healthy marital functioning in Urmia in the field of effective communication emerged. The main themes are: 1) factors affecting the establishment and continuity of communication, 2) stages and process of effective communication, 3) planning for communication, 4) content of communication, and 5) communication skills. The results of the study revealed that the quality and quantity of effective communication play an important role in the efficiency of couples’ lives. The experience of successful spouses can help counselors and couple therapists reduce the barriers to effective communication and increase marital intimacy.

This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive group therapy on self-efficacy and depression among divorced women. This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest design with control group. In this study, all divorced women referring to Hazrate Zeinab Charity Institution in Varamin City, Iran were considered as the statistical population with a sample size of 30 subjects who were selected via purposive sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). A weekly cognitive group therapy was applied to the experimental group for 12 sessions, but the control group was placed on the waiting list. Assessment instruments consisted of general self-efficacy scale and Beck depression questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariable analysis of covariance. Cognitive group therapy led to significant increase in self-efficacy (df=1, P<0.05, F=66.05) and significant decrease in depression (df=1, P<0.05, F=108.65) among divorced women. According to the results, cognitive group therapy is an effective way of decreasing depression and increasing self-efficiency in divorced women.